Finance Home - My Yahoo - Yahoo! - Help

Monday, October 13, 2008, 1:28PM ET - U.S. Markets close in 2 hours and 32 minutes. Dow  6.95% Nasdaq  7.50%

Zions Bancorp. (ZION)

At 1:13PM ET: 31.00   1.62 (5.51%)

MORE ON ZION

Quotes Summary Real-Time ECNNEW! Options Historical Prices Charts Interactive Basic Chart Basic Tech. Analysis News & Info Headlines Financial Blogs Company Events Message Board Company Profile Key Statistics SEC Filings Competitors Industry Components Analyst Coverage Analyst Opinion Analyst Estimates Research Reports Star Analysts Ownership Major Holders Insider Transactions Insider Roster Financials Income Statement Balance Sheet Cash Flow

Insider Transactions Get Insider Transactions for:
NET SHARE PURCHASE ACTIVITY Insider Purchases - Last 6 Months   Shares Trans Purchases 133,977 10 Sales N/A 0 Net Shares Purchased (Sold) 133,977 10 Total Insider Shares Held 5.67M N/A % Net Shares Purchased (Sold) 2.4% N/A Net Institutional Purchases - Prior Qtr to Latest Qtr   Shares Net Shares Purchased (Sold) 1,421,860 % Change in Institutional Shares Held 1.5% Data provided by Thomson Financial
INSIDER TRANSACTIONS REPORTED - LAST TWO YEARS Date Insider Shares Type Transaction Value* 4-Sep-08 HAUN DALLAS E Officer 363 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $30.53 per share. $11,082 29-Aug-08 ANDERSON A SCOTT Officer 381 Indirect Purchase at $25.84 per share. $9,845 26-Aug-08 PORTER ROGER B Director 10,000 Direct Purchase at $24.79 per share. $247,900 22-Aug-08 LINARDAKIS CONNIE Officer 79 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $25.50 per share. $2,014 21-Aug-08 MAROTTA DEAN L Officer 1,000 Direct Purchase at $25.73 per share. $25,730 22-Jul-08 FROBES PATRICIA Director 6,000 Direct Purchase at $26.39 per share. $158,340 22-Jul-08 WHEELWRIGHT STEVEN Director 10,000 Indirect Purchase at $26.40 per share. $264,000 22-Jul-08 SIMMONS L E Director 100,000 Direct Purchase at $26.30 per share. $2,630,000 22-Jul-08 CASH R D Director 3,000 Indirect Purchase at $29.02 per share. $87,060 2-Jul-08 CASH R D Director 6,000 Direct Purchase at $25 per share. $150,000 2-Jul-08 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 300 Direct Purchase at $25 per share. $7,500 2-Jul-08 HAUN DALLAS E Officer 8,000 Direct Purchase at $25 per share. $200,000 2-Jul-08 MAROTTA DEAN L Officer 3,000 Direct Purchase at $25 per share. $75,000 2-Jul-08 LINARDAKIS CONNIE Officer 1,200 Direct Purchase at $25 per share. $30,000 2-Jul-08 FROBES PATRICIA Director 12,000 Direct Purchase at $25 per share. $300,000 2-Jul-08 HINCKLEY CLARK B Officer 1,000 Direct Purchase at $25 per share. $25,000 2-Jul-08 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 300 Direct Purchase at $25 per share. $7,500 2-Jul-08 DENT GERALD J Officer 1,320 Direct Purchase at $25 per share. $33,000 2-Jul-08 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 4,000 Direct Purchase at $25 per share. $100,000 2-Jul-08 SIMMONS L E Director 120,000 Indirect Purchase at $25 per share. $3,000,000 4-Jun-08 HAUN DALLAS E Officer 168 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $41.32 per share. $6,941 15-May-08 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 500 Direct Purchase at $44.80 - $44.81 per share. $22,0002 14-May-08 DENT GERALD J Officer 547 Indirect Purchase at $44.70 per share. $24,450 13-May-08 DENT GERALD J Officer 549 Indirect Purchase at $44.95 per share. $24,677 8-May-08 CASH R D Director 2,000 Direct Purchase at $46.31 per share. $92,620 1-May-08 BUCHANAN DANNE L Officer 296 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $49.34 per share. $14,604 24-Apr-08 LINARDAKIS CONNIE Officer 1,850 Direct Acquisition (Non Open Market) N/A 24-Apr-08 MCLEAN SCOTT J Officer 2,900 Direct Acquisition (Non Open Market) N/A 3-Mar-08 HAUN DALLAS E Officer 200 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $46.11 per share. $9,222 29-Feb-08 HAUN DALLAS E Officer 138 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $47.75 per share. $6,589 25-Feb-08 HAUN DALLAS E Officer 149 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $51.31 per share. $7,645 15-Feb-08 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 1,000 Direct Purchase at $50.31 per share. $50,310 15-Feb-08 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 6,000 Direct Purchase at $50.75 per share. $304,500 13-Feb-08 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 HINCKLEY CLARK B Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 ITOKAZU JOHN T Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 MAROTTA DEAN L Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 LINARDAKIS CONNIE Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 MAIO KEITH D Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 LAURSEN THOMAS E Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 FEIGER GEORGE Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 MCLEAN SCOTT J Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 MURPHY PAUL B JR Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 BELLON NOLAN X Officer 111 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $5,736 13-Feb-08 SAVAGE STANLEY D Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 ANDERSON A SCOTT Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 ALEXANDER BRUCE K Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 DENT GERALD J Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 13-Feb-08 BLACKFORD DAVID E Officer 141 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $51.68 per share. $7,286 5-Feb-08 ITOKAZU JOHN T Officer 383 Indirect Purchase at $52.67 per share. $20,172 4-Feb-08 ITOKAZU JOHN T Officer 300 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 4-Feb-08 ITOKAZU JOHN T Officer 300 Direct Purchase at $53.33 per share. $15,999 4-Feb-08 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 200 Direct Purchase at $55.58 per share. $11,116 1-Feb-08 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 750 Indirect Purchase at $55.81 per share. $41,857 29-Jan-08 DENT GERALD J Officer 8,212 Indirect Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 31-Dec-07 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 2,920 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 31-Dec-07 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 12,858 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 31-Dec-07 ANDERSON A SCOTT Officer 1,879 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 31-Dec-07 SIMMONS L E Director 1,042 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 31-Dec-07 SIMMONS L E Director 1,042 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 28-Dec-07 HINCKLEY CLARK B Officer 50 Indirect Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 28-Dec-07 HINCKLEY CLARK B Officer 250 Indirect Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 27-Dec-07 ANDERSON A SCOTT Officer 1,691 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 21-Dec-07 DENT GERALD J Officer 8,268 Indirect Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 21-Dec-07 HINCKLEY CLARK B Officer 15 Indirect Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 12-Dec-07 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 5,000 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 7-Dec-07 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 600 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 13-Nov-07 CASH R D Director 200 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 13-Nov-07 CASH R D Director 200 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 9-Nov-07 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 1,000 Direct Purchase at $53.59 per share. $53,590 9-Nov-07 CASH R D Director 2,500 Direct Purchase at $52.89 - $53.28 per share. $133,0002 8-Nov-07 MARTIN WILLIAM E Officer 29 Direct Option Exercise N/A 8-Nov-07 MARTIN WILLIAM E Officer 29 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $53.20 - $53.2 per share. $1,5422 8-Nov-07 HEANEY J DAVID Director 1,097 Direct Option Exercise N/A 8-Nov-07 MAROTTA DEAN L Officer 1,000 Direct Purchase at $51.50 per share. $51,500 2-Nov-07 PORTER ROGER B Director 2,000 Direct Option Exercise N/A 2-Nov-07 PORTER ROGER B Director 500 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 2-Nov-07 PORTER ROGER B Director 2,000 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 1-Nov-07 SIMMONS L E Director 10,000 Direct Purchase at $56.41 - $56.56 per share. $565,0002 1-Nov-07 ANDERSON A SCOTT Officer 4,385 Direct Sale at $57.03 - $57.21 per share. $250,0002 30-Oct-07 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 1,839 Direct Option Exercise N/A 30-Oct-07 ATKIN JERRY C Director 4,000 Direct Option Exercise N/A 29-Oct-07 SIMMONS L E Director 4,000 Direct Acquisition (Non Open Market) N/A 29-Oct-07 HAUN DALLAS E Officer 4,062 Direct Acquisition (Non Open Market) N/A 29-Oct-07 DENT GERALD J Officer 2,381 Direct Option Exercise N/A 25-Oct-07 CASH R D Director 2,000 Direct Purchase at $59.14 - $59.25 per share. $118,0002 24-Oct-07 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 5,000 Direct Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $59.25 per share. $296,250 24-Oct-07 SIMMONS L E Director 1,000 Direct Purchase at $59.19 per share. $59,190 18-Sep-07 HAUN DALLAS E Officer 6,529 Direct Acquisition (Non Open Market) N/A 22-Aug-07 LINARDAKIS CONNIE Officer 83 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $74.47 per share. $6,181 15-Aug-07 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 1,000 Direct Purchase at $70.18 - $70.18 per share. $70,0002 13-Aug-07 FROBES PATRICIA Director 1,000 Indirect Purchase at $72 - $72 per share. $72,0002 13-Aug-07 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 879 Indirect Purchase at $72.07 per share. $63,349 9-Aug-07 MCLEAN SCOTT J Officer 3,237 Direct Sale at $77 per share. $249,249 8-Aug-07 MURPHY PAUL B JR Officer 23,885 Direct Option Exercise N/A 8-Aug-07 MURPHY PAUL B JR Officer 23,885 Direct Sale at $78.66 - $78.66 per share. $1,879,0002 6-Aug-07 MURPHY PAUL B JR Officer 12,550 Direct Option Exercise N/A 6-Aug-07 MURPHY PAUL B JR Officer 12,550 Direct Sale at $75.87 - $76.22 per share. $954,0002 3-Aug-07 MURPHY PAUL B JR Officer 7,300 Direct Option Exercise N/A 3-Aug-07 MURPHY PAUL B JR Officer 7,300 Direct Sale at $76.15 - $76.15 per share. $556,0002 31-Jul-07 FROBES PATRICIA Director 1,000 Indirect Purchase at $75.44 - $75.44 per share. $75,0002 18-May-07 ITOKAZU JOHN T Officer 8,588 Indirect Statement of Ownership N/A 18-May-07 ITOKAZU JOHN T Officer 3,350 Direct Statement of Ownership N/A 11-May-07 FROBES PATRICIA Director 1,000 Direct Purchase at $81.82 per share. $81,820 8-May-07 DEVICO MICHAEL Officer 41,666 Direct Option Exercise N/A 8-May-07 DEVICO MICHAEL Officer 41,666 Direct Sale at $82.35 - $82.35 per share. $3,431,0002 7-May-07 WILLIAMS SHELLEY THOMAS Director 825 Direct Sale at $83.38 - $83.38 per share. $69,0002 7-May-07 ALEXANDER BRUCE K Officer 8,233 Direct Option Exercise N/A 7-May-07 ALEXANDER BRUCE K Officer 8,233 Direct Sale at $83.33 - $83.33 per share. $686,0002 7-May-07 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 5,000 Direct Option Exercise N/A 7-May-07 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 5,000 Direct Sale at $83.44 - $83.44 per share. $417,0002 6-May-07 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 119 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $83.25 - $83.25 per share. $9,9062 4-May-07 DEVICO MICHAEL Officer 25,000 Direct Option Exercise N/A 4-May-07 DEVICO MICHAEL Officer 25,000 Direct Sale at $83.20 - $83.2 per share. $2,080,0002 1-May-07 BUCHANAN DANNE L Officer 309 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $81.59 per share. $25,211 30-Apr-07 BLACKFORD DAVID E Officer 10,000 Direct Option Exercise N/A 30-Apr-07 BLACKFORD DAVID E Officer 10,000 Direct Sale at $82.53 - $82.55 per share. $825,0002 27-Apr-07 ALEXANDER BRUCE K Officer 1,839 Direct Option Exercise N/A 24-Apr-07 BUCHANAN DANNE L Officer 3,081 Direct Option Exercise N/A 24-Apr-07 BUCHANAN DANNE L Officer 3,081 Direct Sale at $81.60 - $81.6 per share. $251,0002 5-Apr-07 SIMMONS L E Director 4,000 Direct Acquisition (Non Open Market) N/A 16-Feb-07 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 270 Direct Sale at $87.52 - $87.52 per share. $24,0002 15-Feb-07 DEVICO MICHAEL Officer 12,000 Direct Sale at $87.69 - $87.69 per share. $1,052,0002 15-Feb-07 DEVICO MICHAEL Officer 12,000 Direct Option Exercise N/A 14-Feb-07 MAROTTA DEAN L Officer 102 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $8,758 14-Feb-07 MAIO KEITH D Officer 102 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $8,758 14-Feb-07 LAURSEN THOMAS E Officer 102 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $8,758 14-Feb-07 MCLEAN SCOTT J Officer 102 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $8,758 14-Feb-07 MURPHY PAUL B JR Officer 102 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $8,758 14-Feb-07 BELLON NOLAN X Officer 102 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $8,758 14-Feb-07 SAVAGE STANLEY D Officer 112 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $9,617 14-Feb-07 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 107 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 - $85.87 per share. $9,1882 14-Feb-07 ANDERSON A SCOTT Officer 109 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $9,359 14-Feb-07 DENT GERALD J Officer 106 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $9,102 14-Feb-07 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 110 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $9,445 14-Feb-07 MARTIN WILLIAM E Officer 108 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 - $85.87 per share. $9,2732 14-Feb-07 ALEXANDER BRUCE K Officer 107 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $9,188 14-Feb-07 BLACKFORD DAVID E Officer 110 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $9,445 14-Feb-07 HINCKLEY CLARK B Officer 104 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $8,930 14-Feb-07 FEIGER GEORGE Officer 106 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $9,102 14-Feb-07 DEVICO MICHAEL Officer 108 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 - $85.87 per share. $9,2732 14-Feb-07 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 116 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $85.87 per share. $9,960 13-Feb-07 BELLON NOLAN X Officer 2 Direct Option Exercise N/A 13-Feb-07 BELLON NOLAN X Officer 2 Direct Sale at $85.53 - $85.53 per share. $1712 13-Feb-07 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 61,000 Direct Option Exercise N/A 13-Feb-07 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 25,429 Direct Sale at $85.88 - $85.88 per share. $2,184,0002 9-Feb-07 MARTIN WILLIAM E Officer 52,100 Direct Option Exercise N/A 9-Feb-07 MARTIN WILLIAM E Officer 52,100 Direct Sale at $85.59 - $85.59 per share. $4,459,0002 9-Feb-07 HINCKLEY CLARK B Officer 4,000 Direct Option Exercise N/A 9-Feb-07 HINCKLEY CLARK B Officer 30,771 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 9-Feb-07 HINCKLEY CLARK B Officer 30,771 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 9-Feb-07 HINCKLEY CLARK B Officer 2,753 Direct Sale at $85.32 - $85.32 per share. $235,0002 8-Feb-07 MARTIN WILLIAM E Officer 7,900 Direct Option Exercise N/A 8-Feb-07 MARTIN WILLIAM E Officer 7,900 Direct Sale at $85.62 - $85.62 per share. $676,0002 6-Feb-07 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 2,917 Direct Option Exercise N/A 6-Feb-07 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 2,917 Direct Sale at $85.34 - $85.34 per share. $249,0002 5-Feb-07 DENT GERALD J Officer 1,700 Indirect Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 5-Feb-07 DENT GERALD J Officer 18,161 Direct Option Exercise N/A 5-Feb-07 DENT GERALD J Officer 18,161 Direct Sale at $85.02 - $85.02 per share. $1,544,0002 5-Feb-07 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 2,381 Direct Option Exercise N/A 2-Feb-07 SIMMONS L E Director 3,558 Indirect Sale at $85.93 per share. $305,738 2-Feb-07 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 3,558 Indirect Sale at $85.93 - $85.93 per share. $306,0002 2-Feb-07 MAIO KEITH D Officer 6,716 Direct Option Exercise N/A 2-Feb-07 MAIO KEITH D Officer 6,716 Direct Sale at $85.10 - $85.5 per share. $573,0002 30-Jan-07 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 5,000 Direct Option Exercise N/A 30-Jan-07 ARNOLD DOYLE L Officer 5,000 Direct Sale at $83.92 - $83.92 per share. $420,0002 29-Jan-07 BUCHANAN DANNE L Officer 13,728 Direct Option Exercise N/A 29-Jan-07 BUCHANAN DANNE L Officer 13,138 Direct Sale at $84.20 - $84.2 per share. $1,106,0002 26-Jan-07 BELLON NOLAN X Officer 12,220 Direct Option Exercise N/A 26-Jan-07 BELLON NOLAN X Officer 12,220 Direct Sale at $83.96 - $83.96 per share. $1,026,0002 23-Jan-07 LINARDAKIS CONNIE Officer 62 Direct Sale at $82.50 - $82.5 per share. $5,1152 28-Dec-06 SIMMONS L E Director 11,957 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 28-Dec-06 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 11,957 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $82.76 - $82.76 per share. $990,0002 20-Dec-06 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 1,560 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 20-Dec-06 SIMMONS HARRIS H Officer 8,060 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 18-Dec-06 HINCKLEY CLARK B Officer 300 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 15-Dec-06 MAIO KEITH D Officer 250 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 14-Dec-06 DENT GERALD J Officer 600 Indirect Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 8-Dec-06 SIMMONS L E Director 29,444 Indirect Acquisition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 8-Dec-06 SIMMONS L E Director 29,444 Direct Disposition (Non Open Market) at $0 per share. N/A 13-Nov-06 MURPHY PAUL B JR Officer 38,038 Direct Sale at $79.25 - $79.55 per share. $3,020,0002 1-Nov-06 MURPHY PAUL B JR Officer 6,428 Direct Option Exercise N/A 1-Nov-06 MURPHY PAUL B JR Officer 6,428 Direct Sale at $79.55 - $79.59 per share. $511,0002 26-Oct-06 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 6,000 Direct Option Exercise N/A 26-Oct-06 HEMINGWAY W DAVID Officer 6,000 Direct Sale at $80.58 - $80.58 per share. $483,0002 25-Oct-06 ANDERSON A SCOTT Officer 21,668 Direct Option Exercise N/A 25-Oct-06 ANDERSON A SCOTT Officer 19,786 Direct Sale at $80.41 - $80.41 per share. $1,591,0002 Data provided by EDGAR Online * = Where indicated, some values are estimates. 1 = Potential proceeds estimated by the filer. 2 = Estimated based on the average of multiple prices reported. 3 = Multiple dates reported. Most recent date shown.
All Major Holders - Insider Roster  Add to Portfolio     Set Alert     Email to a Friend Get Insider Transactions for Another Symbol: Symbol Lookup • Today's SEC Filings • Mergers & Acquisitions