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SUI > SEC Filings for SUI > Form 10-K on 25-Feb-2013All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for SUN COMMUNITIES INC


25-Feb-2013

Annual Report


ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION

The following discussion and analysis of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in this Form 10-K.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

We are a fully integrated, self-administered and self-managed REIT. We own, operate, and develop manufactured housing and RV communities concentrated in the midwestern, southern, and southeastern United States. As of December 31, 2012, we owned and operated a portfolio of 173 developed properties located in 19 states, including 149 manufactured housing communities, 13 RV communities, and 11 properties containing both manufactured housing and RV sites.

We are have been in the business of acquiring, operating, developing and expanding manufactured housing and RV communities since 1975. We lease individual sites with utility access for placement of manufactured homes and RVs to our customers. We are also engaged through SHS in the marketing, selling, and leasing of new and pre-owned homes to current and future residents in our communities. The operations of SHS support and enhance our occupancy levels, property performance, and cash flows.

Property Operations:

Portfolio Information:                                    Years Ended December 31,
                                                      2012          2011          2010
Occupancy % - Total Portfolio - MH and Perm RV          87.3 %        85.3 %        84.3 %
Occupancy % - Same Site - MH and Perm RV                86.3 %        85.5 %        84.3 %
Funds from operations excluding certain items(1)   $    3.19     $    3.13     $    2.97
NOI(1) - Total Portfolio                           $ 167,715     $ 146,876     $ 135,222
NOI(1) - Same Site                                 $ 147,821     $ 140,058     $ 135,222
Homes Sold                                             1,742         1,439         1,375
Number of Occupied Rental Homes                        8,110         7,047         6,141

(1) Refer to Item 7, Supplemental Measures, for information regarding the presentation of the NOI financial measure and funds from operations excluding certain items financial measure.

Our same site properties continue to achieve revenue and occupancy increases which drive continued NOI growth. Home sales are at their historical high and we expect to continue to increase the number of homes sold in our portfolio.

Acquisition Activity:

We acquired seven manufactured housing communities comprised of 4,350 developed sites, five RV communities comprised of 1,799 developed sites, and two communities with both manufactured housing and RV sites comprised of 2,361 developed sites for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $249.3 million, net of approximately $62.8 million of assumed debt encumbering six of the acquired properties.

Besides the noted activity in 2012, we acquired 23 communities, or $121.9 million of Properties, net of assumed debt in 2011. We continue to experience an active pipeline of acquisition opportunities and will seek to enhance the growth of the company through continued selective acquisitions.

Development Activity:

We expanded 354 sites at three properties in 2012.

We continue to expand our properties and expect to construct approximately 1,300 to 1,400 additional sites in 2013, located primarily in Texas and Colorado which have current occupancies in excess of 95 percent.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Capital Activity:

We closed two underwritten registered public offerings totaling 7.6 million shares of common stock with net proceeds of approximately $289.7 million after deducting offering related expenses.

We closed an underwritten registered public offering of 3.4 million shares of Series A Preferred Stock with net proceeds of approximately $82.2 million after deducting offering related expenses.

Proceeds from capital raises allowed for not only the acquisition of properties but also, strengthening our balance sheet by taking measured steps to de-lever our assets. We have improved our leverage and coverage ratios and may opportunistically access capital markets to improve liquidity and further improve credit metrics in the future.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discuss our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"). The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. In preparing these financial statements, management has made its best estimate and judgment of certain amounts included in the financial statements. Nevertheless, actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Management believes the following significant accounting policies, among others, affect its more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements:

Investment Property

Investment property is recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. We review the carrying value of long-lived assets to be held and used for impairment quarterly or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a possible impairment. Circumstances that may prompt a test of recoverability may include a significant decrease in the anticipated market price, an adverse change to the extent or manner in which an asset may be used or in its physical condition or other such events that may significantly change the value of the long-lived asset. An impairment loss is recognized when a long-lived asset's carrying value is not recoverable and exceeds estimated fair value. We estimate the fair value of our long lived assets based on future cash flows and any potential disposition proceeds for a given asset. Forecasting cash flows requires management to make estimates and assumptions about such variables as the estimated holding period, rental rates, occupancy, development and operating expenses during the holding period, as well as disposition proceeds. Management uses its best judgment when developing these estimates and assumptions, but the development of the projected future cash flows is based on subjective variables. Future events could occur which would cause us to conclude that impairment indicators exist, and significant adverse changes in national, regional, or local market conditions or trends may cause us to change the estimates and assumptions used in our impairment analysis. The results of an impairment analysis could be material to our financial statements.

Capitalized Costs

We capitalize certain costs incurred in connection with the development, redevelopment, capital enhancement and leasing of our properties. Management is required to use professional judgment in determining whether such costs meet the criteria for immediate expense or capitalization. The amounts are dependent on the volume and timing of such activities and the costs associated with such activities. Maintenance, repairs and minor improvements to properties are expensed when incurred. Renovations and improvements to properties are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives and construction costs related to the development of new community or expansion sites are capitalized until the property is substantially complete. Costs incurred to renovate repossessed homes for our Rental Program are capitalized and costs incurred to refurbish the homes at turnover and repair the homes while occupied are expensed. Certain expenditures to dealers and residents related to obtaining lessees in our communities are capitalized and amortized over a seven year period based on the anticipated term of occupancy of a resident. Costs associated with implementing our computer systems are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful lives of the related software and hardware. Costs incurred to obtain new financing are capitalized and amortized over the terms of the related loan agreement using the straight-line method (which approximates the effective interest method).


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Notes and Other Receivables

We provide financing to purchasers of manufactured homes generally located in our communities. The notes are collateralized by the underlying manufactured home sold. Notes receivable include both installment loans retained by the Company as well as transferred loans that have not met the requirements for sale accounting which are presented herein as collateralized receivables (See Note 5 to our financial statements for additional information). For purposes of accounting policy, all notes receivable are considered one homogeneous segment, as the notes are typically underwritten using the same requirements and terms. Notes receivable are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balance adjusted for an allowance for loan loss. Interest income is accrued based upon the unpaid principal balance of the loans.

Past due status of our notes receivable is determined based upon the contractual terms of the note. When a note receivable becomes 60 days delinquent, we stop accruing interest on the note receivable. The interest on nonaccrual loans is accounted for on the cash basis until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. Loans on a nonaccrual status were immaterial at December 31, 2012 and 2011. The ability to collect our notes receivable is measured based on current and historical information and events. We consider numerous factors including: length of delinquency, estimated costs to lease or sell, and repossession history. Our experience supports a high recovery rate for notes receivable; however there is some degree of uncertainty about the recoverability of our investment in these notes receivable. We are generally able to recover our recorded investment in uncollectible notes receivable by repossessing the homes on the notes retained by us and repurchasing the homes on the collateralized receivables, and subsequently selling or leasing these homes to potential residents in our communities. We have established a loan loss reserve based on our estimated unrecoverable costs associated with repossessed/repurchased homes. We estimate our unrecoverable costs to be the repurchase price of the home collateralizing the note receivable plus repair and remarketing costs in excess of the estimated selling price of the home being repossessed. A historical average of this excess cost is calculated based on prior repossessions/repurchases and is applied to our estimated annual future repossessions to create the allowance for both installment and collateralized notes receivable. See Note 6 to our financial statements for additional information.

We evaluate the collectability of a loan based on our ability to collect the scheduled payments of principal and interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. We generally see that if the obligor is delinquent on the loan they are also delinquent on site rent. If the scheduled payment is delinquent more than five to seven days, dependent on state law, we begin the repossession and eviction process simultaneously. This process generally takes 30 to 45 days; due to the short time frame from delinquent loan to repossession we do not evaluate the notes receivables for impairments. No loans were considered impaired as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.

We evaluate the credit quality of our notes receivable at the inception of the receivable. We consider the following factors in order to determine the credit quality of the applicant - rental payment history; home debt to income ratio; total debt to income ratio; length of employment; previous landlord references; and FICO scores.

Other receivables are generally comprised of amounts due from residents for rent and related charges, home sale proceeds receivable from sales near year end and various other miscellaneous receivables. Accounts receivable from residents are typically due within 30 days and stated at amounts due from residents net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. We evaluate the recoverability of our receivables whenever events occur or there are changes in circumstances such that management believes it is probable that it will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan and lease agreements. Receivables related to community rents are reserved when we believe that collection is less than probable, which is generally after a resident balance reaches 60 to 90 days past due.

Investment in Affiliates

Investments in affiliates in which we do not have a controlling direct or indirect voting interest, but can exercise significant influence over the entity with respect to its operations and major decisions, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The carrying value of our investment is adjusted for our proportionate share of the affiliate's net income or loss and reduced by distributions received. We review the carrying value of our investment in affiliates for other than temporary impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a possible impairment. Financial condition, operational performance, and other economic trends are some of the factors we consider when we evaluate the existence of impairment indicators. When we have a carrying value of zero for our investment, we suspend the equity method of accounting until such time that the affiliate's net income equals or exceeds the share of net losses not recognized during the time in which the equity method of accounting was suspended.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Revenue Recognition

Rental income attributable to site and home leases is recorded on a straight-line basis when earned from tenants. Leases entered into by tenants are generally for one year terms but may range from month-to-month to two years and are renewable by mutual agreement from us and the resident, or in some cases, as provided by state statute. Revenue from the sale of manufactured homes is recognized upon transfer of title at the closing of the sales transaction. Interest income on notes receivable is recorded on a level yield basis over the life of the notes. We report certain taxes collected from the resident and remitted to taxing authorities in revenue. These taxes include certain Florida property and fire taxes.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Useful lives are 30 years for land improvements and buildings, 10 years for rental homes, seven to 15 years for furniture, fixtures and equipment, and seven years for intangible assets.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

We have three derivative contracts consisting of one interest rate swap agreement with a total notional amount of $20.0 million, and two interest rate cap agreements with an aggregate notional amount of $162.4 million as of December 31, 2012. We do not enter into derivative instruments for speculative purposes. For those hedges that qualify for cash flow hedge accounting, we adjust our balance sheet on a quarterly basis to reflect current fair market value of our derivatives. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recorded in earnings or comprehensive income (loss), as appropriate. The ineffective portion of these hedges are immediately recognized in earnings to the extent that the change in value of a derivative does not perfectly offset the change in value of the instrument being hedged. The effective portion of these hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). We use standard market conventions to determine the fair values of derivative instruments, including the quoted market prices or quotes from brokers or dealers for the same or similar instruments. All methods of assessing fair value result in a general approximation of value and such value may never actually be realized.

Income Taxes

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT as defined under Section 856(c) of the Code. In order for us to qualify as a REIT, at least ninety-five percent (95%) of our gross income in any year must be derived from qualifying sources. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes at the corporate level if we distribute at least ninety percent (90%) of our REIT ordinary taxable income to our stockholders. From the time we started paying dividends, we have distributed greater than 100% of our taxable income to our shareholders and intend to continue to do so for the foreseeable future. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to Federal income tax (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) on our taxable income at regular corporate rates. We remain subject to certain state and local taxes on our income and property as well as Federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income.

We are subject to certain state taxes that are considered income taxes and have certain subsidiaries that are taxed as regular corporations. Deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements and net operating loss carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using currently enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance is established if based on available evidence it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-03, "Reconsideration of Effective Control for Repurchase Agreements" (ASU 2011-03) which amends ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing. The updated guidance in ASC Topic 860 removes from the assessment of effective control (1) the criterion requiring the transferor to have the ability to repurchase or redeem the financial assets on substantially the agreed terms, even in the event of default by the transferee, and (2) the collateral maintenance implementation guidance related to that criterion. The updated guidance in ASC Topic 860 is effective for the first interim or annual period beginning on or after December 15, 2011. Early adoption was not permitted. The adoption of this guidance did not have any impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, "Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs" (ASU 2011-04) which amends ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. The updated guidance in ASC Topic 820 changes the wording used to describe the requirements in U.S. GAAP for measuring fair value and


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

for disclosing information about fair value measurements. The updated guidance in ASC Topic 820 is effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption was not permitted. The adoption of this guidance did not have any impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

SUPPLEMENTAL MEASURES

In addition to the results reported in accordance with GAAP, we have provided information regarding Net Operating Income ("NOI") in the following tables. NOI is derived from revenues minus property operating and maintenance expenses and real estate taxes. We use NOI as the primary basis to evaluate the performance of our operations. A reconciliation of NOI to net income (loss) attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. is included in "Results of Operations" below.

We believe that NOI is helpful to investors and analysts as a measure of operating performance because it is an indicator of the return on property investment, and provides a method of comparing property performance over time. We use NOI as a key management tool when evaluating performance and growth of particular properties and/or groups of properties. The principal limitation of NOI is that it excludes depreciation, amortization, interest expense, and non-property specific expenses such as general and administrative expenses, all of which are significant costs, and therefore, NOI is a measure of the operating performance of our properties rather than of the Company overall. We believe that these costs included in net income (loss) often have no effect on the market value of our property and therefore limit its use as a performance measure. In addition, such expenses are often incurred at a parent company level and therefore are not necessarily linked to the performance of a real estate asset.

NOI should not be considered a substitute for the reported results prepared in accordance with GAAP. NOI should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss) as an indicator of our financial performance, or to cash flows as a measure of liquidity; nor is it indicative of funds available for our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions. NOI, as determined and presented by us, may not be comparable to related or similarly titled measures reported by other companies.

We also provide information regarding Funds From Operations ("FFO"). We consider FFO an appropriate supplemental measure of the financial performance of an equity REIT. Under the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts ("NAREIT") definition, FFO represents net income, excluding extraordinary items (as defined under GAAP), and gain (loss) on sales of depreciable property, plus real estate related depreciation and amortization (excluding amortization of financing costs), and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. Management also uses FFO excluding certain items, a non-GAAP financial measure, which excludes certain gain and loss items that management considers unrelated to the operational and financial performance of our core business. We believe that this provides investors with another financial measure of our operating performance that is more comparable when evaluating period over period results. A discussion of FFO, FFO excluding certain items, a reconciliation of FFO to net income (loss), and FFO to FFO excluding certain items are included in the presentation of FFO in "Results of Operations" following the "Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011".


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

We report operating results under two segments: Real Property Operations and Home Sales and Rentals. The Real Property Operations segment owns, operates, and develops manufactured housing communities and RV communities concentrated in the midwestern, southern, and southeastern United States and is in the business of acquiring, operating, and expanding manufactured housing and RV communities. The Home Sales and Rentals segment offers manufactured home sales and leasing services to tenants and prospective tenants of our communities. We evaluate segment operating performance based on NOI and Gross Profit.

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those applied in the Consolidated Financial Statements, except for the use of NOI. We may allocate certain common costs, primarily corporate functions, between the segments differently than we would for stand alone financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. These allocated costs include expenses for shared services such as information technology, finance, communications, legal, and human resources. We do not allocate interest expense and certain other corporate costs not directly associated with the segments' NOI and Gross Profit.

COMPARISON OF THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011

REAL PROPERTY OPERATIONS - TOTAL PORTFOLIO

The following tables reflect certain financial and other information for our
Total Portfolio as of and for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011:
                                                Years Ended December 31,
Financial Information (in thousands)    2012         2011       Change     % Change
Income from Real Property            $ 255,761    $ 223,613    $ 32,148       14.4 %
Property operating expenses:
Payroll and benefits                    19,410       16,503       2,907       17.6 %
Legal, taxes, & insurance                3,216        3,200          16        0.5 %
Utilities                               29,445       25,146       4,299       17.1 %
Supplies and repair                     10,085        8,852       1,233       13.9 %
Other                                    6,683        5,489       1,194       21.8 %
Real estate taxes                       19,207       17,547       1,660        9.5 %
Property operating expenses             88,046       76,737      11,309       14.7 %
Real Property NOI                    $ 167,715    $ 146,876    $ 20,839       14.2 %



                                                             As of December 31,
Other Information                                       2012         2011       Change
Number of properties                                      173          159         14
Developed sites                                        63,697       54,811      8,886
Occupied sites (1) (2)                                 50,412       44,204      6,208
Occupancy % (1)                                          87.3 %       85.3 %      2.0 %
Weighted average monthly site rent - MH (3)           $   434     $    420     $   14
Weighted average monthly site rent - Permanent RV (3) $   406     $    418        (12 )
Sites available for development                         6,969        6,443        526

(1) Occupied sites and occupancy % include manufactured housing and permanent RV sites, and exclude transient RV sites.

(2) Occupied sites include 4,814 sites acquired during 2011 and 5,139 sites acquired in 2012.

(3) Weighted average rent pertains to manufactured housing and permanent RV sites and excludes transient RV sites.

Real Property NOI increased $20.8 million, from $146.9 million to $167.7 million or 14.2 percent. The growth in NOI is primarily due to $13.0 million from newly acquired properties and $7.8 million from same site properties as detailed below.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

REAL PROPERTY OPERATIONS - SAME SITE

A key management tool used when evaluating performance and growth of our properties is a comparison of Same Site communities. Same Site communities consist of properties owned and operated for the same period in both years for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. The Same Site data may change from time-to-time depending on acquisitions, dispositions, management discretion, significant transactions, or unique situations.

In order to evaluate the growth of the Same Site communities, management has classified certain items differently than our GAAP statements. The reclassification difference between our GAAP statements and our Same Site portfolio is the reclassification of water and sewer revenues from income from . . .

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