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| NFLX > SEC Filings for NFLX > Form 10-K on 1-Feb-2013 | All Recent SEC Filings |
1-Feb-2013
Annual Report
Overview
We are the world's leading Internet television network with more than 33 million members in over 40 countries enjoying more than one billion hours of TV shows and movies per month, including original series. For one low monthly price, our members can watch as much as they want, anytime, anywhere, on nearly any Internet-connected screen. Additionally, in the U.S., our subscribers can receive standard definition DVDs, and their high definition successor, Blu-ray discs (collectively referred to as "DVD"), delivered quickly to their homes.
We are a pioneer in the Internet delivery of TV shows and movies, launching our streaming service in 2007. Since this launch, we have developed an ecosystem for Internet-connected devices and have licensed increasing amounts of content that enable consumers to enjoy TV shows and movies directly on their TVs, computers and mobile devices. As a result of these efforts, we have experienced growing consumer acceptance of and interest in the delivery of TV shows and movies directly over the Internet. Historically, our acquisition of new subscriptions has been seasonal with the first and fourth quarters representing our strongest net subscription additions and our second quarter representing the lowest net subscription additions in a calendar year.
Results of Operations
The following represents our consolidated performance highlights for the years
ended December 31:
2012 2011 2010 Change
(in thousands, except per share data) 2012 vs. 2011 2011 vs. 2010
Revenues $ 3,609,282 $ 3,204,577 $ 2,162,625 13 % 48 %
Contribution profit 498,687 762,038 511,431 (35 )% 49 %
Operating income 49,992 376,068 283,641 (87 )% 33 %
Net income 17,152 226,126 160,853 (92 )% 41 %
Diluted earnings per share 0.29 4.16 2.96 (93 )% 41 %
Free cash flow (1) (58,151 ) 186,550 131,007 NM 42 %
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(1) See "Liquidity and Capital Resources" for a definition of "free cash flow" and a reconciliation of "free cash flow" to "net cash provided by operating activities."
Consolidated revenues for 2012 increased as compared to prior years due to
growth in streaming subscriptions. Operating income and Net income in 2012 both
declined as compared to prior year reflective of increases in both cost of
revenues due to streaming content investments and marketing to support our
launch into new International markets.
Free cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2012 decreased $244.7 million as
compared to 2011 to negative $58.2 million. Significant uses of cash in the year
were cash payments for content (in excess of the expense), and cash payments
related to income taxes. These uses of cash were partially offset by net income
excluding the impact of non-cash stock compensation and deferred revenue. We
expect excess content payments over expense to continue to fluctuate over time
both domestically and internationally. Payment terms for certain streaming
licenses, especially programming that initially airs in the
applicable territory on our service ("original programming") or that is considered output content, will typically require more up-front cash payments than other licensing agreements. Due to the expected receipt timing of original programming content, content cash payments in excess of expense and free cash flow will be materially more negative in the first quarter of 2013 as compared to the fourth quarter of 2012, but free cash flow is expected to improve in subsequent quarters.
Prior to July 2011, in the U.S., our streaming and DVDs-by-mail operations were combined and subscribers could receive both streaming content and DVDs under a single "hybrid" plan. In July 2011, we introduced DVD only plans and separated the combined plans, making it necessary for subscribers who wish to receive both streaming services and DVDs-by-mail to have two separate subscription plans. As subscribers were able to receive both streaming and DVDs-by-mail under a single hybrid plan prior to the fourth quarter of 2011, it is impracticable to allocate revenues and expenses to the Domestic streaming and Domestic DVD segments prior to the fourth quarter of 2011.
Our core strategy is to grow a streaming subscription business domestically and internationally. We are continuously improving the customer experience, with a focus on expanding our streaming content, enhancing our user interface and extending our streaming service to even more Internet-connected devices, while staying within the parameters of our consolidated net income (loss) and operating segment contribution profit (loss) targets. As we grow our streaming subscription segments, we have shifted spending away from the Domestic DVD segment to invest more in streaming content and marketing our streaming services.
• We define contribution profit as revenues less cost of revenues and marketing expenses. We believe this is an important measure of our operating segment performance.
• For the Domestic and International streaming segments, content licensing expenses, which includes the amortization of the streaming content library and other expenses associated with the licensing of streaming content, represent the vast majority of cost of revenues. Streaming content rights are generally specific to a geographic region and accordingly our international expansion will require us to obtain additional streaming content licenses to support new international markets. Other cost of revenues such as content delivery expenses, customer service and payment card fees tend to be lower as a percentage of total cost of revenues. We utilize both our own and third-party content delivery networks to help us efficiently stream content in high volume to our subscribers over the Internet. Content delivery expenses therefore also include equipment costs related to Open Connect and all third-party costs associated with delivering streaming content over the Internet. Cost of revenues in the Domestic DVD segment consists primarily of expenses related to the acquisition of content including amortization of DVD content library and revenue sharing expenses, content delivery and other expenses associated with our DVD processing and customer service centers. Content delivery expenses for the Domestic DVD segment consist of the postage costs to mail DVDs to and from our paying subscribers and the packaging and label costs for the mailers.
• For the Domestic and International streaming segments, marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising expenses and payments made to our affiliates and consumer electronics partners and also include payroll related expenses. Advertising expenses include promotional activities such as television and online advertising as well as allocated costs of revenues relating to free trial periods. Payments to our affiliates and consumer electronics partners may be in the form of a fixed fee or may be a revenue sharing payment. Marketing costs as a percentage of revenues are higher for the Domestic and International streaming segments given our focus on building consumer awareness of the streaming offerings. Marketing costs are immaterial for the Domestic DVD segment.
• As a result of our focus on growing the streaming segments, contribution margins for the Domestic and International streaming segments are lower than for our Domestic DVD segment. Also impacting the Domestic streaming segment was a loss of subscribers resulting from the negative consumer reaction to the pricing and plan changes announced in July 2011. We expect that the investments in content and marketing associated with the Domestic and International streaming segments will slow relative to revenues to allow for contribution margin expansion over time.
Domestic Segments
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Table of Contents
As of /Year Ended December 31, Change
2012 2011 2012 vs. 2011
(in thousands, except percentages)
Subscriptions:
Domestic Streaming
Net additions 5,475 n/a
Subscriptions at end of
period 27,146 21,671 25 %
Paid subscriptions at end
of period 25,471 20,153 26 %
Domestic DVD
Net losses (2,941 ) n/a
Subscriptions at end of
period 8,224 11,165 (26 )%
Paid subscriptions at end
of period 8,049 11,039 (27 )%
Subscribers:
Unique Domestic
Net additions 4,973 4,894 2 %
Subscribers at end of
period 29,368 24,395 20 %
Paid subscribers at end of
period 27,613 22,858 21 %
Contribution profit:
Domestic Streaming
Revenues $ 2,184,868 n/a
Cost of revenues 1,558,864 n/a
Marketing 276,072 n/a
Contribution profit 349,932 n/a
Contribution margin 16 %
Domestic DVD
Revenues $ 1,136,872 n/a
Cost of revenues 591,432 n/a
Marketing 7,374 n/a
Contribution profit 538,066 n/a
Contribution margin 47 %
Total Domestic
Revenues $ 3,321,740 $ 3,121,727 6 %
Cost of revenues 2,150,296 1,932,419 11 %
Marketing 283,446 324,121 (13 )%
Contribution profit 887,998 865,187 3 %
Contribution margin 27 % 28 %
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2012 Domestic Segment Results
Revenues
In the Domestic streaming segment, we derive revenues from services consisting solely of streaming content offered through a subscription plan priced at $7.99 per month. In the Domestic DVD segment, we derive revenues from our DVDs-by-mail subscription services. The price per plan for DVDs-by-mail varies from $4.99 to $43.99 per month based on the number of DVDs that a subscriber may have out at any given point. Customers electing access to high definition Blu-ray discs in addition to standard definition DVDs pay a surcharge ranging from $2 to $4 per month for our most popular plans.
The $200.0 million increase in our domestic revenues in 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily due to the 15% growth in the domestic average number of unique paying subscribers driven by new streaming subscriptions. This increase was offset in part by an 8% decline in domestic average monthly revenue per unique paying subscriber, resulting from the decline in DVD subscriptions. We expect streaming subscriptions domestically to continue to grow while DVD subscription declines continue to moderate.
Cost of Revenues
The $217.9 million increase in domestic cost of revenues in 2012 as compared to 2011 was primarily due to the following factors:
• Content acquisition and licensing expenses increased by $397.7 million. This increase was primarily attributable to continued investments in existing and new streaming content available for viewing to our subscribers as compared to the prior year.
• Content delivery expenses decreased by $162.0 million primarily due to a 41% decrease in the number of DVDs mailed to paying subscribers driven by a decline in the number of DVD subscriptions.
• Other costs associated with content processing and customer service center expenses decreased by $13.9 million primarily due to a decrease in hub operation expenses resulting from the declines in DVD shipments, offset partially by increases in customer service center expenses to support our growth in domestic subscriptions.
Marketing
Marketing expenses decreased $40.7 million in 2012 as compared to 2011 primarily due to a decrease in marketing program spending in television, radio and direct mail advertising partially offset by increases in online advertising.
Contribution Profit
Our Domestic streaming segment had a contribution margin of 16% for 2012 and our
Domestic DVD segment had a contribution margin of 47%. The Domestic segments
collectively had a contribution margin of 27% in 2012 down slightly from 28% in
2011 with the decrease driven primarily by investments in our streaming content.
We expect contribution margins for the Domestic DVD segment to decline
sequentially due to a seasonal increase in usage in the first quarter of 2013
and the expected USPS rate increase of $0.01 each way which takes effect in
January 2013. Contribution margins for the Domestic streaming segment are
expected to expand as investments in domestic content and marketing grow slower
than domestic streaming revenues and contribution profit may exceed the Domestic
DVD contribution profit in the first quarter of 2013.
As of /Year Ended December 31, Change
2011 2010 2011 vs. 2010
(in thousands, except percentages)
Subscribers:
Unique Domestic
Net additions 4,894 7,233 (32 )%
Subscribers at end of period 24,395 19,501 25 %
Paid subscribers at end of period 22,858 17,935 27 %
Total Domestic
Revenues $ 3,121,727 $ 2,159,008 45 %
Cost of revenues 1,932,419 1,350,542 43 %
Marketing 324,121 284,917 14 %
Contribution profit 865,187 523,549 65 %
Contribution margin 28 % 24 %
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2011 Domestic Segment Results
Revenues
The $962.7 million increase in our domestic revenues in 2011 as compared to 2010
was primarily due to the 49% growth in the domestic average number of unique
paying subscribers driven by new streaming subscriptions. This increase was
offset in part by a 3% decline in domestic average monthly revenue per unique
paying subscriber, resulting from the popularity of the streaming subscription
plans (introduced in November 2010) and a decline in the percentage of unique
paying subscribers electing both a streaming and a DVD subscription following
the pricing changes announced in July 2011.
Cost of Revenues
The $581.9 million increase in domestic cost of revenues in 2011 as compared to
2010 was due to the following factors:
• Content acquisition and licensing expenses increased by $584.3 million.
This increase was primarily attributable to continued investments in
streaming content resulting in an increase in the streaming content
available for viewing to our domestic subscribers as compared to the prior
year.
• Content delivery expenses decreased $41.8 million primarily due to a 14% decrease in the number of DVDs mailed to paying subscribers. The decrease in the number of DVDs mailed was driven by a 22% decline in monthly DVD rentals per average paying DVD subscriber primarily attributed to the migration of our DVD subscribers toward lower priced plans. The decrease in DVD delivery expenses was partially offset by an increase in costs associated with our use of third-party delivery networks resulting from an increase in the total number of hours of streaming content viewed by our subscribers.
• Other costs increased due to a $28.9 million increase in credit card fees as a result of the growth in revenues, and a $19.1 million increase in costs associated with customer service call centers to support our growing subscriber population. These increases were partially offset by an $8.6 million decrease in expenses related to content processing due primarily to the 14% decrease in the number of DVDs mailed to paying subscribers.
Marketing
Marketing expenses increased $39.2 million in 2011 as compared to 2010 primarily due to an increase in marketing program spending in television, radio and online advertising coupled with an increase in payments to our affiliates. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in direct mail and inserts, and payments made to our consumer electronic partners. The increase in marketing program spending was partially offset by decreases in the costs of free trials.
International Streaming Segment
As of /Year Ended December 31, Change
2012 2011 2012 vs. 2011
(in thousands, except percentages)
Subscriptions:
Net additions 4,263 1,349 216 %
Subscriptions at end of
period 6,121 1,858 229 %
Paid subscriptions at end
of period 4,892 1,447 238 %
Contribution profit:
Revenues $ 287,542 $ 82,850 247 %
Cost of revenues 475,570 107,482 342 %
Marketing 201,283 78,517 156 %
Contribution loss (389,311 ) (103,149 ) 277 %
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2012 International Streaming Segment Results
Revenues
In the International streaming segment, we derive revenues from services
consisting solely of streaming content offered through a subscription plan
priced at approximately the equivalent of USD 8.00 per month. In September 2010,
we began international operations in Canada. We expanded to Latin America in
September 2011 and the U.K. and Ireland in January 2012. In October 2012, we
launched our streaming service in Finland, Denmark, Sweden and Norway.
The $204.7 million increase in our international revenues in 2012 as compared to
2011 was primarily due to the 260% growth in the international average number of
unique paying subscribers driven by a full year of service offering in Latin
America as well as our launches in the U.K. and Ireland and Nordic regions.
International streaming subscriptions account for 18% of total streaming
subscriptions at the end of 2012. We expect international streaming
subscriptions to continue to grow.
Cost of Revenues
International cost of revenues increased by $368.1 million in 2012 as compared to 2011 primarily due to a $347.5 million increase in content licensing costs resulting from the continued investments in streaming content available for viewing in Canada and Latin America and to support our launches in the U.K. and Ireland and Nordic regions.
Marketing
Marketing expenses incurred by our International streaming segment have been
significant and will fluctuate dependent upon the number of International
territories in which our streaming service is offered and the timing of the
launch of new territories.
International marketing expenses increased $122.8 million in 2012 as compared to
2011 primarily due to increases in marketing program spending online and in
television and radio advertising to support our launches in the U.K. and Ireland
and Nordic regions.
Contribution Loss
Our International streaming segment does not benefit from the established
subscriber base that exists for the Domestic segments. As a result of having to
build a member base from zero, investments in streaming content and marketing
for our International segment are larger initially relative to revenues, in
particular as new territories are launched. The contribution losses for our
International segment have been significant and increased due to increased
investments in streaming content and marketing programs to drive more membership
growth and viewing in existing and new markets. We expect a sequential
improvement in International contribution loss in the first quarter of 2013 with
more modest sequential improvements expected in subsequent quarters. However,
contribution losses will continue to be significant as we expand
internationally.
2011 International Streaming Segment Results
As of /Year Ended December 31, Change
2011 2010 2011 vs. 2010
(in thousands, except percentages)
Subscriptions:
Net additions 1,349 509 165 %
Subscriptions at end of
period 1,858 509 265 %
Paid subscriptions at end
of period 1,447 333 335 %
Contribution profit:
Revenues $ 82,850 $ 3,617 2,191 %
Cost of revenues 107,482 6,813 1,478 %
Marketing 78,517 8,922 780 %
Contribution loss (103,149 ) (12,118 ) 751 %
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Revenues
The $79.2 million increase in our international revenues in 2011 as compared to
2010 reflects a full year of service offering in Canada as well as our launch in
Latin America.
Cost of Revenues
International cost of revenues increased by $100.7 million in 2011 as compared to 2010 primarily due to an increase of $90.1 million in content licensing costs resulting from the continued investments in streaming content available for viewing in Canada and to support our launch in Latin America.
Marketing
International marketing expenses increased $69.6 million in 2011 as compared to
2010 primarily due to increases in marketing program spending in television and
online to support our launch in Latin America.
Consolidated Operating Expenses
Technology and Development
Technology and development expenses consist of payroll and related costs
incurred in making improvements to our service offering, including testing,
maintaining and modifying our user interface, our recommendation, merchandising,
and content delivery technology, as well as, our telecommunications systems and
infrastructures. Technology and development expenses also include costs
associated with computer hardware and software.
Year Ended December 31, Change
2012 2011 2012 vs. 2011
(in thousands, except percentages)
Technology and development $ 329,008 $ 259,033 27 %
As a percentage of revenues 9 % 8 %
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The $70.0 million increase in technology and development expenses was primarily the result of a $63.4 million increase in personnel-related costs, including a $12.7 million increase in stock-based compensation. These increases are primarily due to a 35% growth in average headcount supporting continued improvements in our streaming service and international expansion.
Year Ended December 31, Change
2011 2010 2011 vs. 2010
(in thousands, except percentages)
Technology and development $ 259,033 $ 163,329 59 %
As a percentage of revenues 8 % 8 %
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The $95.7 million increase in technology and development expenses was primarily
the result of an $83.0 million increase in personnel-related costs, including an
$18.7 million increase in stock-based compensation expense. These increases are
primarily due to a 54% growth in average headcount supporting continued
improvements in our streaming service and international expansion.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses consist of payroll and related expenses for
executive and administrative personnel, as well as professional fees and other
general corporate expenses. General and administrative expenses also include the
gain on disposal of DVDs.
Year Ended December 31, Change
2012 2011 2012 vs. 2011
(in thousands, except percentages)
General and administrative $ 119,687 $ 126,937 (6 )%
As a percentage of revenues 3 % 4 %
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The $7.3 million decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to a $9.0 million expense in 2011 related to the settlement of a legal claim related to our compliance with the Video Privacy Protection Act, a $5.8 million increase in the gain on sale of previously viewed DVDs, and a $8.6 million decrease in miscellaneous expenses related to the use of outside and professional services, taxes, insurance costs and to costs associated with various legal claims against us. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in personnel-related costs of $16.1 million attributed to an 11% increase in average headcount and a $3.5 million increase in stock-based compensation. We expect legal costs to continue at a high level for the foreseeable future as we defend claims against us.
Year Ended December 31, Change
2011 2010 2011 vs. 2010
(in thousands, except percentages)
General and administrative $ 126,937 $ 64,461 97 %
As a percentage of revenues 4 % 3 %
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The $62.5 million increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to an increase in personnel-related costs of $33.6 million . . .
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