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| JACK > SEC Filings for JACK > Form 10-K on 21-Nov-2012 | All Recent SEC Filings |
21-Nov-2012
Annual Report
• Financial reporting - a discussion of changes in presentation.
• Results of operations - an analysis of our consolidated statements of earnings for the three years presented in our consolidated financial statements.
• Liquidity and capital resources - an analysis of cash flows including capital expenditures, aggregate contractual obligations, share repurchase activity, known trends that may impact liquidity, and the impact of inflation.
• Discussion of critical accounting estimates - a discussion of accounting policies that require critical judgments and estimates.
• Future application of accounting principles - a discussion of new accounting pronouncements, dates of implementation and impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations, if any.
OVERVIEW
As of September 30, 2012, we operated and franchised 2,250 Jack in the Box
restaurants, primarily in the western and southern United States, and 627 Qdoba
restaurants throughout the United States.
Our primary source of revenue is from retail sales at Jack in the Box and Qdoba
company-operated restaurants. We also derive revenue from Jack in the Box and
Qdoba franchise restaurants, including royalties (based upon a percent of
sales), rents and franchise fees. Historically, we also generated revenue from
distribution sales of food and packaging commodities to franchisees; however
this function has been outsourced, and franchisees who previously utilized our
distribution services now purchase product directly from our distribution
service providers or other approved suppliers. In addition, we recognize gains
from the sale of company-operated restaurants to franchisees, which are
presented as a reduction of operating costs and expenses, net in the
accompanying consolidated statements of earnings.
The following summarizes the most significant events occurring in fiscal 2012
and certain trends compared to prior years:
• Restaurant Sales. Sales at restaurants open more than one year ("same-store sales") changed as follows:
2012 2011 2010
Jack in the Box:
Company 4.6 % 3.1 % (8.6 )%
Franchise 3.0 % 1.3 % (7.8 )%
System 3.4 % 1.8 % (8.2 )%
Qdoba:
Company 2.8 % 5.1 % 0.8 %
Franchise 1.9 % 5.4 % 3.6 %
System 2.4 % 5.3 % 2.8 %
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• Commodity Costs. Commodity costs at Jack in the Box and Qdoba company restaurants increased approximately 2.7% and 4.3%, respectively, as compared to last year. We expect overall commodity costs to increase approximately 2%-3% in fiscal 2013 compared to fiscal 2012.
• New Unit Development. We continued to grow our brands with the opening of new company and franchise-operated restaurants. In 2012, we opened 37 Jack in the Box and 58 Qdoba locations system-wide.
• Franchising Program. We refranchised 97 Jack in the Box restaurants, while Jack in the Box franchisees opened a total of 18 restaurants in 2012. Our Jack in the Box system was approximately 76% franchised at the end of fiscal 2012, and we plan to ultimately increase franchise ownership to approximately 80%. During fiscal 2012, we acquired 46 Qdoba franchised restaurants and Qdoba franchisees opened a total of 32 restaurants.
• Restructuring Costs. During fiscal 2012, we engaged in a comprehensive review of our organization structure, including evaluating opportunities for outsourcing, restructuring of certain functions and workforce reductions. As a result, restructuring charges of $15.5 million were recorded during fiscal 2012.
• Distribution Outsourcing. During the fourth quarter of 2012, we began outsourcing our Jack in the Box distribution business. As a result, we recorded after-tax charges totaling $5.3 million, or $0.12 per diluted share, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012.
• Share Repurchases. Pursuant to share repurchase programs authorized by our Board of Directors, in 2012, we repurchased 1.2 million shares of our common stock at an average price of $24.36 per share, including the cost of brokerage fees.
FINANCIAL REPORTING
The losses for our distribution business are reflected as discontinued
operations for all periods presented. Refer to Note 2, Discontinued Operations,
in the notes to our consolidated financial statements for more information.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table presents certain income and expense items included in our
consolidated statements of earnings as a percentage of total revenues, unless
otherwise indicated. Percentages may not add due to rounding.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS DATA
Fiscal Year
2012 2011 2010
Revenues:
Company restaurant sales 78.9 % 83.0 % 87.8 %
Franchise revenues 21.1 % 17.0 % 12.2 %
Total revenues 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
Operating costs and expenses, net:
Company restaurant costs:
Food and packaging (1) 32.8 % 33.4 % 31.8 %
Payroll and employee benefits (1) 29.0 % 30.0 % 30.3 %
Occupancy and other (1) 23.1 % 23.9 % 23.9 %
Total company restaurant costs (1) 84.9 % 87.3 % 85.9 %
Franchise costs (1) 51.0 % 48.3 % 45.4 %
Selling, general and administrative expenses 14.7 % 13.5 % 12.8 %
Impairment and other charges, net 2.1 % 0.8 % 2.6 %
Gains on the sale of company-operated restaurants (1.9 )% (3.7 )% (2.9 )%
Earnings from operations 7.3 % 8.7 % 6.5 %
Income tax rate (2) 32.7 % 36.3 % 34.0 %
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(2) As a percentage of earnings from continuing operations and before income taxes.
The following table presents Jack in the Box and Qdoba company restaurant sales,
costs and costs as a percentage of the related sales. Percentages may not add
due to rounding.
SUPPLEMENTAL COMPANY-OPERATED RESTAURANTS STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS DATA
(dollars in thousands)
Fiscal Year
2012 2011 2010
Jack in the Box:
Company restaurant sales $ 943,990 $ 1,181,961 $ 1,518,434
Company restaurant costs:
Food and packaging 319,415 33.8 % 403,209 34.1 % 488,179 32.2 %
Payroll and employee benefits 278,464 29.5 % 358,917 30.4 % 463,625 30.5 %
Occupancy and other 205,134 21.7 % 271,432 23.0 % 353,056 23.3 %
Total company restaurant costs $ 803,013 85.1 % $ 1,033,558 87.4 % $ 1,304,860 85.9 %
Qdoba:
Company restaurant sales $ 275,224 $ 198,312 $ 150,093
Company restaurant costs:
Food and packaging 80,597 29.3 % 57,581 29.0 % 42,434 28.3 %
Payroll and employee benefits 75,677 27.5 % 55,546 28.0 % 41,513 27.7 %
Occupancy and other 76,382 27.8 % 58,334 29.4 % 45,010 30.0 %
Total company restaurant costs $ 232,656 84.5 % $ 171,461 86.5 % $ 128,957 85.9 %
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The following table summarizes the changes in the number and mix of Jack in the Box ("JIB") and Qdoba company and franchise restaurants in each fiscal year:
2012 2011 2010
Company Franchise Total Company Franchise Total Company Franchise Total
Jack in the Box:
Beginning of
year 629 1,592 2,221 956 1,250 2,206 1,190 1,022 2,212
New 19 18 37 15 16 31 30 16 46
Refranchised (97 ) 97 - (332 ) 332 - (219 ) 219 -
Acquired from
franchisees - - - - - - 1 (1 ) -
Closed (4 ) (4 ) (8 ) (10 ) (6 ) (16 ) (46 ) (6 ) (52 )
End of year 547 1,703 2,250 629 1,592 2,221 956 1,250 2,206
% of JIB system 24 % 76 % 100 % 28 % 72 % 100 % 43 % 57 % 100 %
% of
consolidated
system 63 % 85 % 78 % 72 % 82 % 79 % 84 % 79 % 81 %
Qdoba:
Beginning of
year 245 338 583 188 337 525 157 353 510
New 26 32 58 25 42 67 15 21 36
Acquired from
franchisees 46 (46 ) - 32 (32 ) - 16 (16 ) -
Closed (1 ) (13 ) (14 ) - (9 ) (9 ) - (21 ) (21 )
End of year 316 311 627 245 338 583 188 337 525
% of Qdoba
system 50 % 50 % 100 % 42 % 58 % 100 % 36 % 64 % 100 %
% of
consolidated
system 37 % 15 % 22 % 28 % 18 % 21 % 16 % 21 % 19 %
Consolidated:
Total system 863 2,014 2,877 874 1,930 2,804 1,144 1,587 2,731
% of
consolidated
system 30 % 70 % 100 % 31 % 69 % 100 % 42 % 58 % 100 %
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Revenues
As we execute our Jack in the Box refranchising strategy, which includes the
sale of restaurants to franchisees, we expect the number of company-operated
restaurants and the related sales to decrease while revenues from franchise
restaurants increase. As such, company restaurant sales decreased $161.1 million
in 2012 and $288.3 million in 2011 as compared with the respective prior year.
The decrease in restaurant sales in both years is due primarily to decreases in
the average number of Jack in the Box company-operated restaurants, partially
offset by an increase in the number of Qdoba company-operated restaurants and
increases in average unit volumes ("AUVs") at our Jack in the Box and Qdoba
restaurants. The following table presents the approximate impact of these
increases (decreases) on company restaurant sales and the effect of additional
sales from a 53rd week in 2010 (in millions):
2012 vs. 2011 2011 vs. 2010
Decrease in the average number of Jack in the Box restaurants $ (365.8 ) $ (431.7 )
Jack in the Box AUV increase 127.8 120.8
Increase in the average number of Qdoba restaurants 65.2 45.0
Qdoba AUV increase 11.7 6.5
53rd week - (28.9 )
Total decrease in company restaurant sales $ (161.1 ) $ (288.3 )
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Same-store sales at Jack in the Box company-operated restaurants increased 4.6% in 2012 and 3.1% in 2011, primarily driven by transaction growth and price increases. Same-store sales at Qdoba company-operated restaurants increased 2.8% in 2012 and 5.1% in 2011 primarily driven by price increases in 2012 and a combination of transaction growth, pricing and higher catering sales in 2011. The following table summarizes the change in company-operated same-store sales.
Increase/(Decrease)
2012 vs. 2011 2011 vs. 2010
Jack in the Box transactions 2.3 % 3.2 %
Jack in the Box average check (1) 2.3 % (0.1 )%
Jack in the Box change in same-store sales 4.6 % 3.1 %
Qdoba change in same-store sales (2) 2.8 % 5.1 %
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(2) Includes price increases of approximately 3.8% and 1.7% in 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Franchise revenues increased $43.7 million and $51.0 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively, as compared with the respective prior year. The increase in franchise revenues in both years primarily reflects an increase in the average number of Jack in the Box franchise restaurants, which contributed additional royalties and rents of approximately $48.2 million in 2012 and $53.5 million in 2011. In 2012, higher AUVs at Jack in the Box franchised restaurants also contributed to the increase and were more than offset by lower revenues from initial franchise fees of $10.4 million related to a decrease in the number of restaurants sold to and developed by franchisees. In 2011, the change in franchise revenues as compared with 2010 was also impacted by higher franchise fees from increases in the number of restaurants sold to and developed by franchises, an increase in re-image contributions to franchisees, which are recorded as a reduction of franchise revenues, and additional revenues in 2010 of $4.6 million from a 53rd week. The following table reflects the detail of our franchise revenues in each year and other information we believe is useful in analyzing the change in franchise revenues (dollars in thousands):
2012 2011 2010
Royalties $ 127,887 $ 109,422 $ 91,216
Rents 195,746 161,279 128,143
Re-image contributions to franchisees (7,124 ) (8,208 ) (1,455 )
Franchise fees and other 9,303 19,573 13,123
Franchise revenues $ 325,812 $ 282,066 $ 231,027
% increase 15.5 % 22.1 %
Average number of franchise restaurants 1,952 1,707 1,424
% increase 14.4 % 19.9 %
Increase in franchise-operated same-store sales:
Jack in the Box 3.0 % 1.3 %
Qdoba 1.9 % 5.4 %
Royalties as a percentage of estimated franchise
restaurant sales:
Jack in the Box 5.3 % 5.3 % 5.3 %
Qdoba 5.0 % 5.0 % 5.0 %
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Operating Costs and Expenses
Food and packaging costs were 32.8% of company restaurant sales in 2012, 33.4%
in 2011 and 31.8% in 2010. In 2012, higher commodity costs were more than offset
by the benefit of price increases and a greater proportion of Qdoba company
restaurants which generally have lower food and packaging costs than our Jack in
the Box company restaurants. The increase in 2011 primarily relates to higher
commodity costs and the unfavorable impact of product mix and promotions,
partially offset by the benefit of selling price increases. Commodity costs
increased as follows compared with the prior year:
2012 vs. 2011 2011 vs. 2010
Jack in the Box 2.7% 4.7%
Qdoba 4.3% 7.0%
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In 2012, commodity cost increases were driven by higher costs for most
commodities other than produce and pork. In 2011, higher costs for beef, cheese,
pork, dairy, eggs and shortening were partially offset by lower costs for
poultry and bakery. Beef represents the largest portion, or approximately 20%,
of the Company's overall commodity spend, and we typically do not enter into
fixed price contracts for our beef needs. For fiscal 2013, we currently expect
beef costs to increase approximately 4%-5%, and overall commodities to be 2%-3%
higher compared with fiscal 2012.
Payroll and employee benefit costs were 29.0% of company restaurant sales in
2012, 30.0% in 2011 and 30.3% in 2010. The decrease in 2012 reflects leverage
from same-store sales increases, the benefits of refranchising and the favorable
impact of recent Qdoba restaurant acquisitions. In 2011, the decrease relates to
same-store sales increases and lower insurance costs, offset by increases in
unemployment taxes and higher levels of staffing designed to improve the guest
experience at our Jack in the Box restaurants.
Occupancy and other costs were 23.1% of company restaurant sales in 2012 and
23.9% in 2011 and 2010. The lower percent in 2012 and in 2011 are due primarily
to leverage from same-store sales increases, the benefits of refranchising Jack
in the Box restaurants and the favorable impact of recent acquisitions of Qdoba
franchised restaurants. These benefits were partially offset in both years by
higher depreciation expense related to the Jack in the Box re-image program. In
2012, the percentages were impacted by higher debit card fees and costs
associated with the new menu board and uniform program at Jack in the Box
restaurants.
Franchise costs, principally rents and depreciation on properties leased to Jack
in the Box franchisees, increased $29.9 million in 2012 and $31.3 million in
2011, due primarily to our refranchising strategy. Franchise costs increased to
51.0% of the related
revenues in 2012 from 48.3% in 2011 and 45.4% in 2010. The higher percentage in
2012 as compared with 2011 is primarily due to a decline in revenue from
franchise fees and higher rent and depreciation expenses resulting from an
increase in the percentage of locations we lease to franchisees, partially
offset by lower re-image contributions to franchisees. The percent of sales
increase in 2011 versus 2010 is primarily due to higher PSA depreciation expense
for refranchised locations relating to our re-image program, an increase in
re-image contributions to franchisees and higher rent and depreciation expense
resulting from an increase in the percentage of locations we lease to
franchisees. These increases were partially offset by the leverage provided from
same-store sales growth and higher franchise fee revenue.
The following table presents the change in selling, general and administrative
("SG&A") expenses in each year compared with the prior year (in thousands):
Increase/(Decrease)
2012 vs. 2011 2011 vs. 2010
Advertising $ (10,800 ) $ (17,867 )
Refranchising strategy (6,277 ) (5,857 )
Incentive compensation 12,291 2,202
Cash surrender value of COLI policies, net (6,327 ) 2,818
Pension and postretirement benefits 2,893 (5,295 )
Pre-opening costs 1,902 (512 )
Qdoba general and administrative costs 4,131 4,430
Hurricane Ike insurance proceeds - 4,223
53rd week - (3,597 )
Other 4,537 655
$ 2,350 $ (18,800 )
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Our refranchising strategy has resulted in a decrease in the number of Jack in
the Box company-operated restaurants and the related overhead expenses to manage
and support those restaurants, including advertising costs, which are primarily
contributions to our marketing funds determined as a percentage of restaurant
sales. As such, advertising costs decreased at Jack in the Box and were
partially offset by higher advertising expenses at Qdoba due to an increase in
the number of company-operated restaurants, as well as same-store sales growth
at Jack in the Box and Qdoba restaurants.
The higher levels of incentive compensation reflect improvements in the
Company's results compared with performance goals in 2012 and 2011. The cash
surrender value of our Company-owned life insurance ("COLI") policies, net of
changes in our non-qualified deferred compensation obligation supported by these
policies, are subject to market fluctuations. The changes in market values had a
positive impact of $6.2 million in 2012 compared with a negative impact of $0.1
million in 2011 and a positive impact of $2.7 million in 2010. In 2012, the
increase in pension and postretirement benefits principally relates to a
decrease in the discount rate as compared with a year ago. In 2011, the decrease
in pension and postretirement benefits expense principally relates to the
curtailment of the Company's qualified pension plan, whereby participants will
no longer accrue benefits after December 31, 2015.
The increase in fiscal 2012 pre-opening costs primarily relates to higher
expenses associated with restaurant openings in two new Jack in the Box markets,
as well as an increase in the number of new Jack in the Box and Qdoba
company-operated restaurants. In 2011, the decrease in pre-opening costs is
primarily due to a decrease in the number of new company restaurants compared
with fiscal 2010. Qdoba general and administrative costs increased primarily due
to higher overhead to support our growing number of company-operated
restaurants.
Impairment and other charges, net increased $20.3 million in 2012 and decreased
$36.3 million in 2011 as compared to the respective prior year. The following
table presents the components of impairment and other charges, net in each year
(in thousands):
2012 2011 2010
Impairment charges $ 3,112 $ 1,367 $ 12,970
Losses on disposition of property and equipment,
net 6,027 7,561 10,734
Costs of closed restaurants (primarily lease
obligations) and other 8,332 3,655 25,160
Restructuring costs 15,461 - -
$ 32,932 $ 12,583 $ 48,864
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The increase in 2012 primarily relates to restructuring costs incurred in connection with the comprehensive review of our organization structure, including evaluating opportunities for outsourcing, restructuring of certain functions and workforce reductions. Restructuring costs consist primarily of pension benefits and severance expenses related to a voluntary early retirement program ("VERP") offered by the Company and involuntary employee termination costs. We expect to see the benefits of our
restructuring activities, including our early retirement plan, in our cost structure beginning in fiscal 2013. To a lesser extent, adjustments made to certain sublease assumptions associated with our lease obligations for closed locations also contributed to the increase in 2012 versus a year ago. Fiscal 2010 included a charge of $28.0 million (primarily including future lease obligations of $19.0 million and property and equipment impairment charges of $8.4 million) related to the closure of 40 underperforming Jack in the Box restaurants. After consideration of the fiscal 2010 closure charge, impairment and other charges, net decreased an additional $8.2 million in 2011 due primarily to declines in costs related to our restaurant re-image and new logo program as this program neared completion and lower impairment charges for underperforming Jack in the Box restaurants as compared with 2010. Gains on the sale of company-operated restaurants to franchisees, net are detailed in the following table (dollars in thousands):
2012 2011 2010
Number of restaurants sold to franchisees 97 332 219
Gains on the sale of company-operated restaurants $ 29,145 $ 61,125 $ 54,988
Average gain on restaurants sold $ 300 $ 184 $ 251
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In 2012, gains on the sale of company-operated restaurants include additional
gains of $2.2 million recognized upon the extension of the underlying franchise
and lease agreements related to four restaurants sold in a prior year. Gains
were impacted by the number of restaurants sold and changes in average gains
recognized, which relate to the specific sales and cash flows of those
restaurants. The lower average gains in 2011 relate to the sale of markets with
lower-than-average sales volumes and cash flows.
Interest Expense, Net
Interest expense, net is comprised of the following (in thousands):
2012 2011 2010
Interest expense $ 20,953 $ 18,165 $ 17,011
Interest income (2,079 ) (1,310 ) (1,117 )
Interest expense, net $ 18,874 $ 16,855 $ 15,894
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Interest expense, net increased $2.0 million in 2012 and $1.0 million in 2011.
In 2012, the increase versus a year ago relates principally to higher average
borrowings. The increase in 2011 is primarily attributable to an increase in the
amortization of deferred finance fees related to the refinancing of our credit
facility in 2010 and higher average borrowings, offset in part by lower average
interest rates.
Income Taxes
. . .
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