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NATH > SEC Filings for NATH > Form 10-K on 7-Jun-2012All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for NATHANS FAMOUS INC


7-Jun-2012

Annual Report


Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations.

Introduction

We are engaged primarily in the marketing of the "Nathan's Famous" brand and the sale of products bearing the "Nathan's Famous" trademarks through several different channels of distribution. Historically, our business has been operating and franchising quick-service restaurants featuring Nathan's World Famous Beef Hot Dogs, crinkle-cut French-fries, and a variety of other menu offerings. Our Company-owned and franchised units operate under the name "Nathan's Famous," the name first used at our original Coney Island restaurant opened in 1916. Nathan's licensing program began in 1978 by selling packaged hot dogs and other meat products to retail customers through supermarkets or grocery-type retailers for off-site consumption. During fiscal 1998, we introduced our Branded Product Program, which enables foodservice retailers to sell some of Nathan's proprietary products outside of the realm of a traditional franchise relationship. In conjunction with this program, foodservice operators are granted a limited use of the Nathan's Famous trademark with respect to the sale of Nathan's World Famous Beef Hot Dogs and certain other proprietary food items and paper goods. During fiscal 2008, we launched our Branded Menu Program, under which foodservice operators may sell a greater variety of Nathan's Famous menu items than under the Branded Product Program.

Our revenues are generated primarily from selling products under Nathan's Branded Product Program, operating Company-owned restaurants, franchising the Nathan's restaurant concept (including under the Branded Menu Program) and licensing agreements for the sale of Nathan's products within supermarkets and club stores, the manufacture of certain proprietary spices and the sale of Nathan's products directly to other foodservice operators.


In addition to plans for expansion through franchising, licensing and our Branded Product Program, Nathan's continues to co-brand within its restaurant system. At March 25, 2012, the Arthur Treacher's brand was being sold within 57 Nathan's restaurants.

The following summary reflects the franchise openings and closings of the Nathan's franchise system for the fiscal years ended March 25, 2012, March 27, 2011, March 28, 2010, March 29, 2009 and March 30, 2008.

                                   March 25,       March 27,       March 28,       March 29,       March 30,
                                     2012            2011            2010            2009            2008
Franchised restaurants
operating at the beginning of
the period                                264             246             249             224             196
Franchised restaurants opened
during the period                          67              40              33              46              46
Franchised restaurants closed
during the period                         (32 )           (22 )           (36 )           (21 )           (18 )
Franchised restaurants
operating at the end of the
period                                    299             264             246             249             224

At March 25, 2012, our franchise system consisted of 299 Nathan's Famous franchised units located in 27 states and eight foreign countries. We also operated five Company-owned Nathan's units, including one seasonal location, within the New York metropolitan area.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements and the notes to our consolidated financial statements contain information that is pertinent to management's discussion and analysis. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. We believe the following critical accounting policies involve additional management judgment due to the sensitivity of the methods, assumptions and estimates necessary in determining the related asset and liability amounts.

Revenue Recognition

Sales by Company-owned restaurants, which are typically paid in cash by the customer, are recognized upon the performance of services. Sales are presented net of applicable sales tax.

In connection with its franchising operations, Nathan's receives initial franchise fees, development fees, royalties, and in certain cases, revenue from sub-leasing restaurant properties to franchisees.

Franchise and area development fees, which are typically received prior to completion of the revenue recognition process, are recorded as deferred revenue. Initial franchise fees, which are non-refundable, are recognized as income when substantially all services to be performed by Nathan's and conditions relating to the sale of the franchise have been performed or satisfied, which generally occurs when the franchised restaurant commences operations. The following services are typically provided by Nathan's prior to the opening of a franchised restaurant:

· Approval of all site selections to be developed.

· Provision of architectural plans suitable for restaurants to be developed.

· Assistance in establishing building design specifications, reviewing construction compliance and equipping the restaurant.

· Provision of appropriate menus to coordinate with the restaurant design and location to be developed.

· Provision of management training for the new franchisee and selected staff.

· Assistance with the initial operations and marketing of restaurants being developed.


Development fees are non-refundable and the related agreements require the franchisee to open a specified number of restaurants in the development area within a specified time period or Nathan's may cancel the agreements. Revenue from development agreements is deferred and recognized ratably over the term of the agreement or as restaurants in the development area commence operations on a pro rata basis to the minimum number of restaurants required to be open, or at the time the development agreement is effectively canceled.

Nathan's recognizes franchise royalties on a monthly basis, which are generally based upon a percentage of sales made by Nathan's franchisees, when they are earned and deemed collectible. Franchise fees and royalties that are not deemed to be collectible are not recognized as revenue until paid by the franchisee, or until collectibility is deemed to be reasonably assured.

Nathan's recognizes revenue from the Branded Product Program when it is determined that the products have been delivered via third party common carrier to Nathan's customers. Rebates to customers are recorded as a reduction to sales. Nathan's recognizes revenue from its Branded Menu Program either upon its sale of hot dogs or royalty income when it has been determined that other qualifying products have been sold by the manufacturer to Nathan's Branded Menu Program franchisees.

Revenue from sub-leasing properties is recognized as income as the revenue is earned and becomes receivable and deemed collectible. Sub-lease rental income is presented net of associated lease costs in the consolidated statements of earnings.

Nathan's recognizes revenue from royalties on the licensing of the use of its intellectual property in connection with certain products produced and sold by outside vendors. The use of the Nathan's intellectual property must be approved by Nathan's prior to each specific application to ensure proper quality and project a consistent image. Revenue from license royalties is recognized on a monthly basis when it is earned and deemed collectible.

In the normal course of business, we extend credit to franchisees and licensees for the payment of ongoing royalties and to trade customers of our Branded Product Program. Accounts and other receivables, net, as shown on our consolidated balance sheets are net of allowances for doubtful accounts. An allowance for doubtful accounts is determined through analysis of the aging of accounts receivable at the date of the financial statements, assessment of collectibility based upon historical trends and an evaluation of the impact of current and projected economic conditions. In the event that the collectibility of a receivable at the date of the transaction is doubtful, the associated revenue is not recorded until the facts and circumstances change in accordance with the applicable accounting standards. The Company writes off accounts receivable when they are deemed uncollectible.

Impairment of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized but tested annually (or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable) for impairment. The most significant assumptions, which are used in this test, are estimates of future cash flows. We typically use the same assumptions for this test as we use in the development of our business plans. If these assumptions differ significantly from actual results, impairment charges may be required in the future. We conducted our annual impairment tests and no goodwill or other intangible assets were determined to be impaired during the fifty-two week periods ended March 25, 2012, March 27, 2011 or March 28, 2010.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We make judgments regarding the future operating and disposition plans for under-performing assets, and estimates of expected realizable values for assets to be sold. We evaluate possible impairment of each restaurant individually and record an impairment charge whenever we determine that impairment factors exist. We consider a history of restaurant operating losses to be the primary indicator of potential impairment of a restaurant's carrying value. No impairment charges on long-lived assets were recorded during the fifty-two week periods ended March 25, 2012, March 27, 2011 or March 28, 2010.


Stock-Based Compensation

As discussed in Note K of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we have various share-based compensation plans that provide stock options and restricted stock awards for certain employees and non-employee directors to acquire shares of our common stock. We consider the following factors in determining the value of stock-based compensation:

(a) expected option term based upon expected termination behavior;

(b) volatility based upon historical price changes of the Company's common stock over a period equal to the expected life of the option;

(c) expected dividend yield; and

(d) risk free interest rate on date of grant.

(See Note K of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of assumptions used to determine the fair value of share-based compensation.)

Income Taxes

The Company's current provision for income taxes is based upon its estimated taxable income in each of the jurisdictions in which it operates, after considering the impact on our taxable income of temporary differences resulting from different treatment of items for tax and financial reporting purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Uncertain Tax Positions

Financial Accounting Standards establish guidance for the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. The Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Financial Accounting Standards also provide guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods and disclosure requirements. (See Note J of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.)

Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements

We do not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective accounting standards, if adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements.

In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued a number of amendments in order to align the fair value measurement and disclosure requirements in U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("US GAAP") and International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"). The amendments change the wording used to describe many of the requirements in US GAAP for measuring fair value or disclosing information about fair value measurements. Some of the amendments clarify the FASB's intent about the application of existing fair value measurement requirements. Other amendments modify a particular principle or requirement for measuring fair value or for disclosing fair value measurements. The amended guidance was effective for Nathan's beginning with the first interim or annual reporting period beginning after December 15, 2011; early application was not permitted. We adopted these amendments during our fiscal period ended March 25, 2012, and these amendments did not have a material effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial position.


In June 2011, the FASB issued guidance covering the presentation of comprehensive income. Under this guidance, an entity has the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and components of other comprehensive income ("OCI") either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. Irrespective of the format that is chosen, an entity is required to present each component of net income along with total net income, each component of OCI along with a total for OCI, and a total for comprehensive income. Entities were also required to present on the face of the financial statements reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from OCI to net income in the statement(s) where components of net income and components of OCI are presented. However, the implementation of this last requirement was deferred by the FASB in December 2011. All other guidance would be effective for Nathan's beginning with the first annual reporting period, and interim periods within that fiscal year, beginning after December 15, 2011 and will be applied retrospectively, however, early adoption is permitted. Nathan's has elected to early adopt this accounting standard at March 25, 2012. The adoption of this new accounting standard modified the required disclosures, but did not have a material effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial position.

Results of Operations

Fiscal year ended March 25, 2012 compared to fiscal year ended March 27, 2011

Revenues

Total sales increased by 17.3% to $52,369,000 for the fifty-two weeks ended March 25, 2012("fiscal 2012") as compared to $44,634,000 for the fifty-two weeks ended March 27, 2011 ("fiscal 2011"). Foodservice sales from the Branded Product Program increased by 26.3% to $38,506,000 for fiscal 2012 as compared to sales of $30,497,000 in fiscal 2011. This increase was primarily attributable to a 13.3% increase in the volume of products ordered in part from the addition of new accounts added during fiscal 2012, the full year impact of new accounts added in fiscal 2011 and the impact of price increases that took effect during fiscal 2012. Total Company-owned restaurant sales, which was comprised of five comparable Nathan's restaurants in both periods (including one seasonal restaurant), increased by $202,000 to $13,209,000 during fiscal 2012 as compared to $13,007,000 during fiscal 2011. The weather conditions during the second quarter of fiscal 2012 negatively impacted sales at our Company-owned restaurants, as we experienced significantly more rain than the second quarter of fiscal 2011, particularly on weekends, and a cold Labor Day weekend which we believe further hurt sales particularly at our Coney Island locations. We were also forced to temporarily close our restaurants during Tropical Storm Irene for the weekend of August 27, 2011. We estimate that sales of approximately $172,000 were lost during that weekend. During the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2012 we experienced more favorable weather conditions than the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2011. Beginning December 2011, we experienced relatively warm weather as compared to the historical norm with the month being one of the warmest Decembers on record. This trend continued throughout the winter of 2012. In addition to the historically higher temperatures, there wasn't any meaningful snow in 2012 as compared to the 2011 winter which saw historic levels of snowfall. Overall, we experienced higher check averages of approximately 7.7% partly offset by lower customer counts of approximately 4.0% resulting from these weather conditions that primarily impacted our Coney Island restaurants during the second quarter fiscal 2012 as compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2011. During fiscal 2012, sales to our television retailer were approximately $476,000 lower than fiscal 2011. Nathan's products were on air 29 times during fiscal 2012 as compared to 62 times during fiscal 2011. Over the past few years, Nathan's sales and profits to our television retailer have continued to decline and Nathan's provided our television retailer notice that we would not renew our agreement effective March 12, 2012.

Franchise fees and royalties were $5,586,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $4,989,000 in fiscal 2011. Total royalties were $4,666,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $4,326,000 in fiscal 2011. Royalties earned under the Branded Menu program were $708,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $410,000 in fiscal 2011 due principally to the additional units in operation. Franchise restaurant sales, excluding sales by franchisees under our Branded Menu Program, increased to $90,022,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $89,401,000 in fiscal 2011. (Franchise restaurant sales, excludes sales by Branded Menu Product units. Royalties earned under the Branded Menu Program are not based upon a percentage of restaurant sales but are based on a percentage of the manufacturers' sales). Comparable domestic franchise sales (consisting of 116 Nathan's outlets, excluding sales under the Branded Menu Program) were $67,150,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $67,944,000 in fiscal 2011, a decrease of 1.2%. Franchise sales within our travel venues declined by approximately 3.6% and sales at our and entertainment venues decreased by approximately 1.2% as compared to fiscal 2011. These declines were partly offset by sales at our free-standing units of 3.9% and at malls of 0.3%. We believe that the decline in comparable sales is primarily due to consumers continuing concerns over the economic environment throughout the year. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, we realized increased sales at our mall locations of 8.6% and a decline in sales at our airport and travel locations of 5.9%. During the second quarter of fiscal 2012, most of our franchised locations in the Northeast were negatively affected by Tropical Storm Irene. Comparable international franchise sales, increased by approximately $258,000 or 9.0%, during fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011.


At March 25, 2012, 299 domestic and international franchised or Branded Menu Program franchise outlets were operating as compared to 264 domestic and international franchised or Branded Menu Program franchise outlets at March 27, 2011. There were 178 franchised outlets and 121 Branded Menu outlets at March 25, 2012 as compared to 176 franchised outlets and 88 Branded Menu outlets at March 27, 2011. Total franchise fee income was $846,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $633,000 in fiscal 2011. Domestic franchise fee income was $547,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $539,000 in fiscal 2011. International franchise fee income was $299,000 in fiscal 2012, as compared to $94,000 during fiscal 2011. We recognized forfeitures of $74,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $30,000 in fiscal 2011. During fiscal 2012, 67 new franchised outlets opened, including two locations in Canada, China, Jamaica, Kuwait and the Dominican Republic and 43 Branded Menu Program outlets, including 28 units operated by Kmart. During fiscal 2011, 40 new franchised outlets opened, including one re-franchised location, two units in China and 22 Branded Menu Program outlets, including one on the Kandahar Air Force Base, Afghanistan.

License royalties were $7,586,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $6,787,000 in fiscal 2011. Total royalties earned on sales of hot dogs from our retail and foodservice license agreements increased 12.4% to $6,037,000 from $5,372,000 primarily due to higher sales volume from our primary licensee, SMG, primarily from the retail sale of hot dogs. Royalties earned from SMG, were $4,503,000 during fiscal 2012 as compared to $3,907,000 during fiscal 2011. Royalties earned from our foodservice licensee, substantially from sales of hot dogs to Sam's Club and Krogers, were $1,534,000 during fiscal 2012 as compared to $1,465,000 during fiscal 2011. Royalties earned from all other licensing agreements for the manufacture and sale of Nathan's products increased by $134,000 during fiscal 2012, as compared to fiscal 2011. We recovered $75,000 of license royalties from one licensee that had previously been deemed unrealizable during second quarter fiscal 2011.

Interest income was $573,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $808,000 in fiscal 2011, primarily due to lower interest income of approximately $178,000 earned on maturing securities and lower interest earned on the MSC Note of approximately $57,000. On June 29, 2011, we completed the sale of the MSC Note and are no longer earning interest income of 8.5% on the note. As additional notes mature or are called by the issuer and we are unable to earn similar returns upon reinvestment, we would anticipate lower investment income in the future.

Other income was $108,000 during fiscal 2012 as compared to $37,000 during fiscal 2011. In November 2011, Nathan's received $125,000 in full satisfaction of Nathan's rights under the irrevocable direction entered into in connection with its May 2007, sale of Miami Subs. (Refer to Note G of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).

Costs and Expenses

Overall, our cost of sales increased by $7,539,000 to $42,106,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $34,567,000 in fiscal 2011. Our gross profit (representing the difference between sales and cost of sales) was $10,263,000 or 19.6% of sales during fiscal 2012 as compared to $10,067,000 or 22.6% of sales during fiscal 2011. The reduced margin was primarily due to the higher cost of hot dogs for our Branded Product Program.

Cost of sales in the Branded Product Program increased by approximately $7,909,000 during fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011, primarily as a result of the higher sales volume and our approximately 13.9% increased cost of hot dogs. During fiscal 2012, the market price of hot dogs was approximately 12.9% higher than during fiscal 2011. This increase is due to the reduced impact that the Company's purchase commitments had on the results in fiscal 2012 as approximately 90.0% of our product was purchased at prevailing market prices as compared to approximately 83.5% during fiscal 2011. The purchase commitments enabled us to reduce our beef costs by approximately $0.019 per lb. during fiscal 2012 and approximately $0.033 per lb. during fiscal 2011. During fiscal 2012, our purchase commitments yielded savings of approximately $275,000. During fiscal 2011, our purchase commitments yielded savings of approximately $423,000. If the cost of beef and beef trimmings increases and we are unable to pass on these higher costs through price increases or otherwise mitigate any increase in our costs through the use of purchase commitments, our margins will be adversely impacted.


With respect to our Company-owned restaurants, our cost of sales during fiscal 2012 was $7,767,000 or 58.8% of restaurant sales, as compared to $7,700,000 or 59.2% of restaurant sales in fiscal 2011. The decrease in the cost of sales percentage in fiscal 2012 was due primarily to the impact of lower restaurant incentive compensation costs which were partly offset by higher food costs during the third quarter fiscal 2012. Despite increases in commodity costs, we were able to minimize the impact of rising food costs as a percentage of sales due to our menu re-engineering efforts and certain price increases. We were able to achieve lower labor costs as a percentage of sales during the fourth quarter fiscal 2012 due to the higher than normal sales at our Company-owned restaurants. Cost of sales to our television retailer declined by $437,000 in fiscal 2012, primarily due to fewer airings.

Restaurant operating expenses were $3,115,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $3,092,000 in fiscal 2011. The difference in restaurant operating costs was primarily due to higher occupancy costs of $74,000 partly offset by lower maintenance costs of $54,000. Utility costs were approximately $11,000 or 1.7% lower during fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011, which we attribute in part to the warmer winter that we experienced in 2012, however, we continue to be concerned about the volatile market conditions for oil and natural gas.

Depreciation and amortization was $965,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $915,000 in fiscal 2011. This increase is primarily attributable to higher depreciation on newly-added consigned equipment by our Branded Product Program and higher restaurant depreciation.

General and administrative expenses decreased by $573,000 or 5.7% to $9,552,000 in fiscal 2012 as compared to $10,125,000 in fiscal 2011. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to the reduced cost of the SMG litigation during fiscal 2012 of $592,000. During fiscal 2011, we incurred costs associated with the SMG litigation of $628,000 in connection for the trial that began in October 2010. Excluding the impact of the SMG litigation costs, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately $19,000 or 0.2% during fiscal 2012, primarily due to higher compensation costs of $148,000 which were partly offset by lower marketing expenses of $129,000.

During fiscal 2011, we recorded a litigation accrual of $4,910,000 as a result of the unfavorable ruling by the court in connection with our litigation with SMG (refer to Note L of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements) representing the damages awarded by the court.

Interest expense of $477,000 during fiscal 2012 and $63,000 during fiscal 2011 primarily represents accrued interest in connection with Nathan's appeal of the SMG damages award calculated at the New York State statutory rate of 9% per annum. In connection with its appeal, on March 31, 2011, Nathan's was required to enter into both a security agreement and a blocked deposit account control agreement and to deposit approximately $4,910,000 into the account and agree to deposit additional amounts monthly in an amount equal to the post-judgment . . .

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