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LSBI > SEC Filings for LSBI > Form 10-Q on 14-May-2012All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for LSB FINANCIAL CORP


14-May-2012

Quarterly Report


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Executive Summary

LSB Financial Corp., an Indiana corporation ("LSB Financial" or the "Company"), is the holding company of Lafayette Savings Bank, FSB ("Lafayette Savings" or the "Bank"). LSB Financial has no separate operations and its business consists only of the business of Lafayette Savings. References in this Quarterly Report to "we," "us" and "our" refer to LSB Financial and/or Lafayette Savings as the context requires.

Lafayette Savings is, and intends to continue to be, an independent, community-oriented financial institution. The Bank has been in business for 142 years and differs from many of our competitors in having a local board and local decision-making in all areas of business. In general, our business consists of attracting or acquiring deposits and lending that money out primarily as real estate loans to construct and purchase single-family residential properties, multi-family and commercial properties and to fund land development projects. We also make a limited number of commercial business and consumer loans.

We have an experienced and committed staff and enjoy a good reputation for serving the people of the community, for understanding their financial needs and for finding a way to meet those needs. We contribute time and money to improve the quality of life in our market area and many of our employees volunteer for local non-profit agencies. We believe this sets us apart from the other 22 banks and credit unions that compete with us. We also believe that operating independently under the same name for over 142 years is a benefit to us-especially as local offices of large banks often have less local authority as their companies strive to consolidate. Focusing time and resources on acquiring customers who may be feeling disenfranchised by their no-longer-local or very large bank has proved to be a successful strategy.

In these extraordinary economic times, we find ourselves in a community that to some extent has been sheltered from the worst effects of the slowdown. The Greater Lafayette area enjoys diverse employment including major manufacturers such as Subaru/Toyota, Caterpillar, and Wabash National; a strong education sector with Purdue University and a large local campus of Ivy Tech Community College; government offices of Lafayette, West Lafayette and Tippecanoe County; a growing high-tech presence with the Purdue Research Park; and the growth of a new medical corridor spurred by the building of two new hospitals. The area's diversity did not make us immune to the effects of the recession, but we were spared its worst effects. Current signs of recovery, based on a report from Greater Lafayette Commerce, include increasing manufacturing employment, a continuing commitment to new facilities and renovations at Purdue University, and signs of renewed activity in residential development projects. Capital investments announced and/or made in 2011 totaled $444 million compared to $640 million in 2010 and $341 million in 2009. Wabash National, the area's second largest industrial employer, continues to hire and intends to employ up to 200 more for a new line for production of bulk liquid storage containers. Subaru, the area's largest industrial employer and producer of the Subaru Legacy, Outback and Tribeca, has increased employment and is investing between $14 million and $19 million for the 2013 Legacy and Outback engine model. Nanshan America will be opening an aluminum extrusion plant in Lafayette in 2012 employing 200 people. Alcoa will be adding a 115,000 square foot aluminum lithium plant to begin production in 2014. Growth in the medical corridor has continued with numerous clinics and specialized care facilities underway, which along with the two new hospitals makes Greater Lafayette a regional healthcare hub. In the education sector, Purdue's West Lafayette 2012 enrollment was down slightly from last year to just under 40,000 students and Ivy Tech's was over 7,600 students. The Purdue Research Park includes 110 high-tech and life science businesses and has more than 3,700 employees earning an average annual wage of $54,000. The Park has about 364,000 square feet of incubation space, making it the largest business incubator complex in the state. The Tippecanoe County unemployment rate peaked at 10.6% in July 2009 and ended the first quarter of 2012 at 7.2% compared to 8.2% for Indiana and nationally.


The housing market has remained fairly stable for the last several years with no price bubble and no resulting price swings. As of the fourth quarter 2011 results provided by the Federal Housing Finance Agency, the five year percent change in house prices for the Lafayette Metropolitan Statistical Area was a negative -0.42% decrease with the one-year change a -1.90% decrease. For the fourth quarter, the most recent report available, housing prices decreased -1.00%. The number of houses sold in the county in 2011 was stable, down about 1.4% from last year. Building permits for single family residences were up substantially, from 381 in 2010 to 462 in 2011, a 21% increase.

We continue to work with borrowers who have fallen behind on their loans. We have seen progress in our problem loans as more borrowers who had fallen behind on their loans are qualifying for troubled debt restructures, have resumed payments or we have acquired control of their properties. The majority of our delinquent loans are secured by real estate and we believe we have sufficient reserves to cover incurred losses. The challenge is to get delinquent borrowers back on a workable payment schedule or if that is not feasible, to get control of their properties through an overburdened court system. In the first quarter of 2012, we acquired 1 property through a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure and sold 21 OREO properties.

The funds we use to make loans come primarily from deposits from customers in our market area, from brokered deposits and from Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") advances. In addition we maintain an investment portfolio of available-for-sale securities to provide liquidity as needed. Our preference is to rely on local deposits unless the cost is not competitive, but if the need is immediate we will acquire pre-payable FHLB advances which are immediately available for member banks within their borrowing tolerance and can then be replaced with local or brokered deposits as they become available. We will also consider purchasing fixed term FHLB advances or brokered deposits as needed. We generally prefer brokered deposits over FHLB advances when the cost of raising money locally is not competitive. The deposits are available with a range of terms, there is no collateral requirement and the money is predictable as it cannot be withdrawn early except in the case of the death of a depositor and there is no option to have the money rollover at maturity. In the first quarter of 2012 total deposits increased by over $6.0 million, from $308.4 million to $314.6 million. This increase consisted primarily of an increase in our core deposits, primarily because of depositors' preference for immediate access to their accounts if needed. Our reliance on brokered funds remained unchanged at $16.2 million as we had no maturities during the period. While we always welcome local deposits, the cost and convenience of brokered funds make them a useful alternative. We will also continue to rely on FHLB advances to provide immediate liquidity and help manage interest rate risk.

Our primary source of income is net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on our loan and investment portfolio and the interest expense incurred on deposits and borrowings. Our net interest income depends on the balance of our loan and investment portfolios and the size of our net interest margin - the difference between the income generated from loans and the cost of funding. Our net interest income also depends on the shape of the yield curve. The Federal Reserve has held short-term rates at almost zero for the last two years while long-term rates have fallen to the 3.0% range. Because deposits are generally tied to shorter-term market rates and loans are generally tied to longer-term rates this would typically be viewed as a positive step and in fact our net interest margin has been increasing. Our expectation for 2012 is that deposits rates will remain at these low levels as the Federal Reserve continues to focus on strengthening the economy. Overall loan rates are expected to stay low or rise slightly.

Rate changes can typically be expected to have an impact on interest income. Because the Federal Reserve has stated it intends to keep rates low, we expect to see little change in the money supply or market rates in 2012. Low rates generally increase borrower preference for fixed rate products which we typically sell on the secondary market. Some existing adjustable rate loans can be expected to reprice to lower rates which could be expected to have a negative impact on our interest income, although many of our loans have already reached their interest rate floors. While we would expect to sell the majority of our fixed rate loans on the secondary market, we expect to book some higher quality loans to replace runoff in the portfolio. Although new loans put on the books in 2012 will be at comparatively low rates we expect they will provide a return above any other opportunities for investment.


Our primary expense is interest on deposits and FHLB advances which are used to fund loan growth. We offer customers in our market area time deposits for terms ranging from three months to 66 months, checking accounts and savings accounts. We also purchase brokered deposits and FHLB advances as needed to provide funding or improve our interest rate risk position. Generally when interest rates are low, depositors will choose shorter-term products and conversely when rates are high, depositors will choose longer-term products.

We consider expected changes in interest rates when structuring our interest-earning assets and our interest-bearing liabilities. When rates are expected to increase we try to book shorter-term assets that will reprice relatively quickly to higher rates over time, and book longer-term liabilities that will remain for a longer time at lower rates. Conversely, when rates are expected to fall, we would like our balance sheet to be structured such that loans will reprice more slowly to lower rates and deposits will reprice more quickly. We currently offer a three-year and a five-year certificate of deposit that allows depositors one opportunity to have their rate adjusted to the market rate at a future date to encourage them to choose longer-term deposit products. However, since we are not able to predict market interest rate fluctuations, our asset/liability management strategy may not prevent interest rate changes from having an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our results of operations may also be affected by general and local competitive conditions, particularly those with respect to changes in market rates, government policies and actions of regulatory authorities.

The level of turmoil in the financial services industry does present unusual risks and challenges for the Company, as described in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Possible Implications of Current Events" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.

Also, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Dodd-Frank Act") has made sweeping changes to the United States financial system. The Dodd-Frank Act eliminated the Office of Thrift Supervision (the "OTS") as of July 21, 2011. The Dodd-Frank Act transferred to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the "OCC") all functions and all rulemaking authority of the OTS relating to federal savings associations. The Dodd-Frank Act also transferred to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve") all functions of the OTS relating to savings and loan holding companies and their non-depository institution subsidiaries. Thus, the Bank is being supervised by the OCC and the Company is being supervised by the Federal Reserve from and after July 21, 2011. The OCC and the Federal Reserve have published regulations that will apply to the entities that they are regulating for the first time. OTS guidance, orders, interpretations, and policies to which federal savings associations like the Bank and savings and loan holding companies like the Company are subject are to remain in effect until they are suspended.

Critical Accounting Policies

Generally accepted accounting principles are complex and require management to apply significant judgments to various accounting, reporting and disclosure matters. Management of LSB Financial must use assumptions and estimates to apply these principles where actual measurement is not possible or practical. For a complete discussion of LSB Financial's significant accounting policies, see Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2011 included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. Certain policies are considered critical because they are highly dependent upon subjective or complex judgments, assumptions and estimates. Changes in such estimates may have a significant impact on the financial statements. Management has reviewed the application of these policies with the Audit Committee of LSB Financial's Board of Directors. These policies include the following:


Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses represents management's estimate of probable losses inherent in Lafayette Savings' loan portfolios. In determining the appropriate amount of the allowance for loan losses, management makes numerous assumptions, estimates and assessments.

The strategy also emphasizes diversification on an industry and customer level, regular credit quality reviews and quarterly management reviews of large credit exposures and loans experiencing deterioration of credit quality.

Lafayette Savings' allowance consists of three components: probable losses estimated from individual reviews of specific loans, probable losses estimated from historical loss rates, and probable losses resulting from economic or other deterioration above and beyond what is reflected in the first two components of the allowance.

Larger commercial loans that exhibit probable or observed credit weaknesses and all loans that are rated substandard or lower are subject to individual review. Where appropriate, reserves are allocated to individual loans based on management's estimate of the borrower's ability to repay the loan given the availability of collateral, other sources of cash flow and legal options available to the Bank. Included in the review of individual loans are those that are impaired as provided in FASB ASC 310-10 (formerly FAS 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan). Any allowances for impaired loans are determined by the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or fair value of the underlying collateral based on the discounted appraised value. Historical loss rates are applied to other commercial loans not subject to specific reserve allocations.

Homogenous smaller balance loans, such as consumer installment and mortgage loans secured by various property types are not individually risk graded. Reserves are established for each pool of loans based on the expected net charge-offs. Loss rates are based on the average net charge-off history by loan category.

Historical loss rates for commercial and consumer loans may be adjusted for significant factors that, in management's judgment, reflect the impact of any current conditions on loss recognition. Factors which management considers in the analysis include the effects of the national and local economies, trends in the nature and volume of loans (delinquencies, charge-offs and nonaccrual loans), changes in mix, asset quality trends, risk management and loan administration, changes in the internal lending policies and credit standards, collection practices, examination results from bank regulatory agencies and Lafayette Savings' internal loan review.

Allowances on individual loans are reviewed quarterly and historical loss rates are reviewed annually and adjusted as necessary based on changing borrower and/or collateral conditions and actual collection and charge-off experience.

Lafayette Savings' primary market area for lending is Tippecanoe County, Indiana and to a lesser extent the eight surrounding counties. When evaluating the adequacy of the allowance, consideration is given to this regional geographic concentration and the closely associated effect of changing economic conditions on Lafayette Savings' customers.


Mortgage Servicing Rights

Mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) associated with loans originated and sold, where servicing is retained, are capitalized and included in other intangible assets in the consolidated balance sheet. The value of the capitalized servicing rights represents the present value of the future servicing fees arising from the right to service loans in the portfolio. Critical accounting policies for MSRs relate to the initial valuation and subsequent impairment tests. The methodology used to determine the valuation of MSRs requires the development and use of a number of estimates, including anticipated principal amortization and prepayments of that principal balance. Events that may significantly affect the estimates used are changes in interest rates, mortgage loan prepayment speeds and the payment performance of the underlying loans. The carrying value of the MSRs is periodically reviewed for impairment based on a determination of fair value. For purposes of measuring impairment, the servicing rights are compared to a valuation prepared based on a discounted cash flow methodology, utilizing current prepayment speeds and discount rates. Impairment, if any, is recognized through a valuation allowance and is recorded as amortization of intangible assets.

Accounting for Foreclosed Assets

Assets acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are held for sale and are initially recorded at fair value less cost to sell at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and the assets are carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Revenue and expenses from operations and changes in the valuation allowance are included in net income or expense from foreclosed assets.

Financial Condition

                                    SELECTED FINANCIAL CONDITION DATA
                                          (Dollars in Thousands)

                               March 31,        December 31,            $                  %
                                 2012               2011           Difference         Difference

       Total assets          $     371,555     $      364,290     $       7,265          1.99 %

       Loans receivable,
       including loans
       held for sale, net          295,495            305,630           (10,135 )       (3.32 )
       1-4 family
       residential
       mortgage loans              110,560            111,987            (1,427 )       (1.27 )
       Home equity lines
       of credit                    17,653             17,330               323          1.86
       Other real estate
       loans net of
       undisbursed portion
       of loans                    161,622            169,855            (8,233 )       (4.85 )
       Commercial business
       loans                        12,504             14,366            (1,862 )      (12.96 )
       Consumer loans                1,185              1,162                23          1.98
       Loans sold (for
       quarter and year,
       respectively)                14,359             52,700

       Non-performing
       loans over 90 days
       past due                      6,383              6,764              (381 )       (5.63 )
       Loans past due 90
       days, still
       accruing                        ---                ---               ---           ---
       Loans less than 90
       days past due, not
       accruing                      5,812              5,295               517          9.76
       Other real estate
       owned                           599              1,746            (1,147 )      (65.69 )
       Non-performing
       assets                       12,794             13,805            (1,011 )       (7.32 )

       Cash and due from
       banks                        34,735             18,552            16,183         87.23
       Available-for-sale
       securities                   16,335             13,845             2,490         17.98
       Interest bearing
       depostis                      2,669              3,156              (487 )      (15.43 )

       Deposits                    314,627            308,433             6,194          2.01
       Core deposits               160,619            155,223             5,398          3.48
       Time accounts               154,008            153,154               854          0.56
       Brokered deposits            16,244             16,244               ---           ---

       FHLB advances                18,000             18,000               ---           ---
       Shareholders'
       equity (net)                 36,780             36,174               606          1.68


Comparison of Financial Condition at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011

Our total assets increased $7.3 million, or 1.99%, during the three months from December 31, 2011 to March 31, 2012. Primary components of this increase were a $16.2 million increase in cash and due from banks and a $2.5 million increase in available for sale securities. These increases were offset by a $10.1 million decrease in net loans receivable including loans held for sale, a $1.6 million decrease in other assets and a $487,000 decrease in interest bearing deposits. Deposits increased $6.2 million and Federal Home Loan Bank advances remain unchanged. The increase in cash was generally due to the paydown of loans as borrowers continued to take advantage of unprecedented low rates to refinance their mortgages to lower rate fixed rate mortgages which we sell on the secondary market, and to our continuing efforts to encourage overextended borrowers to pay down their loans or move their relationship to another bank, and to continuing low loan demand. In addition, despite the very low rates on deposits we continued to see increases in core transaction and savings accounts as depositors' uncertainty about the economy led them to place the money in accounts where it was readily available if needed. The decrease in other assets was primarily due to the sale of $1.1 million of OREO properties which also added to the increase in cash.

Non-performing assets, which include non-accruing loans and foreclosed assets, decreased from $13.8 million at December 31, 2011 to $12.8 million at March 31, 2012. Non-accruing loans at March 31, 2012 were comprised of $5.4 million, or 44.39%, of commercial property loans, $3.5 million, or 28.16%, of one- to four-family residential real estate loans, $1.9 million, or 15.57%, of loans on land, $1.0 million, or 8.51%, multi-family property loans, and $411,000, or 3.37%, of non real estate and consumer loans including $68,000 of Home Equity loans. Non-performing assets at March 31, 2012 also include $599,000 of foreclosed assets compared to $1.7 million at December 30, 2011. At March 31, 2012, our allowance for loan losses equaled 1.80% of total loans compared to 1.74% at December 31, 2011. The allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2012 totaled 41.46% of non-performing assets compared to 38.62% at December 31, 2011, and 43.50% of non-performing loans at March 31, 2012 compared to 44.21% at December 31, 2011. Our non-performing assets equaled 3.44% of total assets at March 31, 2012 compared to 3.79% at December 31, 2011. Non-performing loans totaling $631,000 were charged off in the first three months of 2012, offset by $5,000 of recoveries. These charge offs were primarily due to the Bank charging off impairments on non-performing loans due to lower appraisal values.

When a loan is added to our classified loan list, an impairment analysis is completed to determine expected losses upon final disposition of the property. An adjustment to loan loss reserves is made at that time for any anticipated losses. This analysis is updated quarterly thereafter. It may take up to two years to move a foreclosed property through the system to the point where we can obtain title to the property and dispose of it. We attempt to acquire properties through deeds in lieu of foreclosure if there are no other liens on the properties. We acquired one property in the first quarter of 2012 through a deed in lieu of foreclosure. Although we believe we use the best information available to determine the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary, and net income could be significantly affected if circumstances and/or economic conditions cause substantial changes in the estimates we use in making the determinations about the levels of the allowance for losses. Additionally, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses. These agencies may require the recognition of additions to the allowance based upon their judgments of information available at the time of their examination. Effective August 31, 2010, the Bank entered into a Supervisory Agreement (the "Supervisory Agreement") with the OTS requiring the Bank, among other things, to submit for review by the OTS revised policies and procedures related to the allowance for loan losses. The Bank has implemented the revised policy which it presumes will address the concerns expressed by the OTS and has not been notified of any concerns. The Supervisory Agreement did not require an additional provision for loan loss reserves. As noted above, as of July 21, 2011, all functions and all rulemaking authority of the OTS relating to federal savings associations were transferred to the OCC. As a result, the OCC will now enforce the Supervisory Agreement with the Bank.

Shareholders' equity increased from $36.2 million at December 31, 2011 to $36.8 million at March 31, 2012, an increase of $606,000, or 1.68%, primarily as a result of net income of $595,000. Shareholders' equity to total assets was 9.90% at March 31, 2012 compared to 9.93% at December 31, 2011.


Average Balances, Interest Rates and Yields

The following two tables present, for the periods indicated, the total dollar
amount of interest income earned on average interest-earning assets and the
resulting yields on such assets, as well as the interest expense paid on average
interest-bearing liabilities, and the rates paid on such liabilities. No tax
equivalent adjustments were made. All average balances are monthly average
balances. Non-accruing loans have been included in the table as loans carrying a
zero yield.

                                 Three months ended March 31, 2012             Three months ended March 31, 2011
                                Average         Interest                      Average         Interest
                              Outstanding        Earned/       Yield/       Outstanding        Earned/       Yield/
. . .
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