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PDFS > SEC Filings for PDFS > Form 10-Q on 9-May-2012All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for PDF SOLUTIONS INC


9-May-2012

Quarterly Report


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "may," "could," "should," "expect," "plan," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "potential", "target" or "continue," the negative effect of terms like these or other similar expressions. Any statement concerning future financial performance (including future revenues, earnings or growth rates), ongoing business strategies or prospects, and possible actions taken by us or our subsidiaries, which may be provided by us are also forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are only predictions. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and projections about future events and are inherently subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated or projected. All forward-looking statements included in this document are based on information available to us on the date of filing and we further caution investors that our business and financial performance are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties. We assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. In evaluating these statements, you should specifically consider various factors, including the risk factors set forth at the end of Item 1A in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 15, 2012.

Overview

We analyze our customers' IC design and manufacturing processes to identify, quantify, and correct the issues that cause yield loss to improve our customers' profitability by improving time-to-market, increasing yield and reducing total design and manufacturing costs. We package our solutions in various ways to meet our customers' specific business and budgetary needs, each of which provides us various revenue streams. We receive a mix of fixed fees and variable, performance-based fees for the vast majority of our yield improvement solutions. The fixed fees are typically reflective of the length of time and the resources needed to characterize a customer's manufacturing process and receive preliminary results of proposed yield improvement suggestions. The variable fee, or what we call gainshare, usually depends on our achieving certain yield targets by a deadline. Variable fees are currently typically tied to wafer volume on the node, size of the manufacturing facility where we performed the yield improvement solutions. We receive license fees and service fees for related installation, integration, training, and maintenance and support services for our software that we license on a stand-alone basis.


Industry Trend

We believe that logic foundries were running at or near capacity at times during 2010, and a supply constraint at advanced nodes developed. Further, we believe that logic foundries invested in leading edge nodes and capacity in 2010 and 2011, even though utilization rates fluctuated in 2011. This investment trend resulted in an increase in our business and improved results of operations in 2010, 2011, and the first quarter of 2012.

Generally, the demand for consumer electronics and communications devices continues to drive technological innovation in the semiconductor industry as the need for products with greater performance, lower power consumption, reduced costs and smaller size continues to grow with each new product generation. In addition, advances in computing systems and mobile devices have fueled demand for higher capacity memory chips. To meet these demands, IC manufacturers and designers are constantly challenged to improve the overall performance of their ICs by designing and manufacturing ICs with more embedded applications to create greater functionality while lowering cost per transistor. As a result, both logic and memory manufacturers have migrated to more and more advanced manufacturing nodes, capable of integrating more devices with higher performance, higher density, and lower power. As this trend continues, companies will continually be challenged to improve process capabilities to optimally produce ICs with minimal random and systematic yield loss, which is driven by the lack of compatibility between the design and its respective manufacturing process. We believe that as volume production of deep submicron ICs continues to grow, the difficulties of integrating IC designs with their respective processes and ramping new manufacturing processes will create a greater need for products and services that address the yield loss and escalating cost issues the semiconductor industry is facing today and will face in the future.

Financial Highlights

Financial highlights for the three months ended March 31, 2012 were as follows:

• Total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was $20.6 million, an increase of $5.6 million, or 37%, compared to total revenues of $15.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Design-to-silicon-yield solutions revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was $13.4 million, an increase of $2.8 million, or 27%, compared to $10.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The increase in Design-to-silicon-yield solutions revenues was primarily the result of increased bookings. Gainshare performance incentives revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was $7.2 million, an increase of $2.8 million, or 63%, compared to gainshare performance incentive revenues of $4.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. This increase was primarily due to higher number of projects reaching performance measures for achieving gainshare.

• Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was $3.5 million, compared to a net loss of $(0.8) million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The increase in net income was primarily attributable to a significant increase in revenues.

• Net income per basic and diluted share was $0.12 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to net loss per basic and diluted share of $(0.03) for the three months ended March 31, 2011, an increase in net income of $0.15 per basic and diluted share.

• Cash, cash equivalents and non-current investments decreased $0.5 million from $46.8 million at December 31, 2011 to $46.3 million at March 31, 2012, primarily due to cash used in operating activities, partially offset by cash from financing activities during the period.

Critical Accounting Policies

There were no significant changes in our critical accounting policies. Please refer to Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. The following is a brief discussion of the more significant accounting policies and methods that we use.

General

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Our preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. We based our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. The most significant estimates and assumptions relate to revenue recognition, stock-based compensation and the realization of deferred tax assets. Actual amounts may differ from such estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Revenue Recognition

We derive revenues from two sources: Design-to-silicon-yield Solutions, which include services and software licenses, and Gainshare Performance Incentives.


Design-to-Silicon-Yield Solutions - Revenues that are derived from Design-to-silicon-yield solutions comes from services and software licenses. We recognize revenue for each element of Design-to-silicon-yield solutions as follows:

We generate a significant portion of our Design-to-Silicon-Yield solutions revenues from fixed-price solution implementation service contracts delivered over a specific period of time. These contracts require reliable estimation of costs to perform obligations and the overall scope of each engagement. Revenues under project-based contracts for solution implementation services are recognized as services are performed using the cost-to-cost percentage of completion method of contract accounting. Revenues under certain time-based contracts for solution implementation services are recognized under the proportional performance method. Losses on solution implementation contracts are recognized in the period when they become evident. Revisions in profit estimates are reflected in the period in which the conditions that require the revisions become known and can be estimated. If we do not accurately estimate the resources required or the scope of work to be performed, or do not manage the projects properly within the planned period of time or satisfy our obligations under contracts, resulting contract margins could be materially different than those anticipated when the contracts were executed. Any such reductions in contract margin could have a material negative impact on our operating results. On occasion, we license our software products as a component of our fixed price service contracts. In such instances, the software products are licensed to customers over a specified term of the agreement with support and maintenance to be provided at each customer's option over the license term. The amount of product and service revenue recognized in a given period is affected by our judgment as to whether an arrangement includes multiple deliverables and, if so, our determination of the fair value of each deliverable. In general, vendor-specific objective evidence of selling price ("VSOE") does not exist for our solution implementation services and software products and because our services and products include our unique technology, we are not able to determine third-party evidence of selling price ("TPE"). Therefore, we will use best estimated selling prices ("BESP") in our allocation of arrangement consideration. In determining BESP, we apply significant judgment as we weigh a variety of factors, based on the facts and circumstances of the arrangement. We typically arrive at BESP for a product or service that is not sold separately by considering company-specific factors such as geographies, internal costs, gross margin objectives, pricing practices used to establish bundled pricing, and existing portfolio pricing and discounting. After fair value is established for each deliverable, the total transaction amount is allocated to each deliverable based upon its relative fair value. Fees allocated to solution implementation services are recognized using the cost-to-cost percentage of completion method of contract accounting. Fees allocated to software and related support and maintenance are recognized under software revenue recognition guidance.

We also license our software products separately from our solution implementation services. For software license arrangements that do not require significant modification or customization of the underlying software, software license revenue is recognized under the residual method when (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (2) delivery has occurred, (3) the fee is fixed or determinable, (4) collectability is probable, and (5) the arrangement does not require services that are essential to the functionality of the software. When arrangements include multiple elements such as support and maintenance, consulting (other than for our fixed price solution implementations), installation, and training, revenue is allocated to each element of a transaction based upon its fair value as determined by our VSOE and such services are recorded as services revenues. VSOE for maintenance is generally established based upon negotiated renewal rates while VSOE for consulting, installation, and training services is established based upon our customary pricing for such services when sold separately. Revenues for software licenses with extended payment terms are not recognized in excess of amounts due. For software license arrangements that require significant modification or customization of the underlying software, the software license revenues are recognized as services are performed using the cost-to-cost percentage of completion method of contract accounting, and such revenues are recorded as services revenue.

Gainshare Performance Incentives - When we enter into a contract to provide yield improvement services, the contract usually includes two components: (1) a fixed fee for performance by us of services delivered over a specific period of time; and (2) a gainshare performance incentives component where the customer may pay a variable fee, usually after the fixed fee period has ended. Revenues derived from gainshare performance incentives represent profit sharing and performance incentives earned based upon our customers reaching certain defined operational levels established in related solution implementation service contracts. Gainshare performance incentives periods are usually subsequent to the delivery of all contractual services and therefore have no cost to us. Due to the uncertainties surrounding attainment of such operational levels, we recognize gainshare performance incentives revenues (to the extent of completion of the related solution implementation services) upon receipt of performance reports or other related information from our customers supporting the determination of amounts and probability of collection. Gainshare performance incentives revenues are dependent on many factors which are outside our control, which can include among others, continued production of the related ICs by our customers, sustained yield improvements by our customers, and our ability to enter into new Design-to-silicon-yield solutions contracts containing provisions for gainshare performance incentives.


Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation is estimated at the grant date based on the award's fair value and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting periods of the applicable stock purchase rights and stock options, generally four years. As stock-based compensation expense recognized is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

We have elected to use the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, which incorporates various assumptions including volatility, expected life and interest rates. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of our common stock over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected life of stock options. The expected life of an award is based on historical experience and on the terms and conditions of the stock awards granted to employees. The interest rate assumption is based upon observed Treasury yield curve rates appropriate for the expected life of stock options.

Income Taxes

Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on our ability to generate future taxable income and utilize tax planning strategies. We have recorded a deferred tax asset in the amount that is more likely than not to be realized based on current estimations and assumptions. We evaluate the valuation allowance on a quarterly basis. Any resulting changes to the valuation allowance will result in an adjustment to income in the period the determination is made.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Accounting Changes

See Note 2 of "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a description of recent accounting pronouncements and accounting changes, including the expected dates of adoption and estimated effects, if any, on our consolidated financial statements.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the percentage of
total revenues represented by the line items reflected in our condensed
consolidated statements of operations:

                                                       Three Months Ended
                                                            March 31,
                                                      2012            2011
Revenues:
Design-to-silicon-yield solutions                          65 %            70 %
Gainshare performance incentives                           35              30
Total revenues                                            100 %           100 %
Cost of design-to-silicon-yield solutions:
Direct costs of design-to-silicon-yield solutions          41              43
Amortization of acquired technology                         1               1
Total cost of design-to-silicon-yield solutions            42              44
Gross margin                                               58              56
Operating expenses:
Research and development                                   15              26
Selling, general and administrative                        24              32
Amortization of other acquired intangible assets            -               -
Restructuring charges                                       -               -
Total operating expenses                                   39              58
Income (loss) from operations                              19              (2 )
Interest and other income (expense), net                   (1 )            (2 )
Income (loss) before taxes                                 18              (4 )
Income tax provision                                        1               1
Net income (loss)                                          17 %            (5 )%


Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011

                                      Three Months Ended March 31,              $               %
Revenues                                2012                 2011            Change           Change
(in thousands, except for
percentages)
Design-to-silicon-yield
solutions                          $       13,386       $       10,567     $     2,819               27 %
Gainshare performance incentives            7,257                4,450           2,807               63 %
Total                              $       20,643       $       15,017     $     5,626               37 %

Design-to-Silicon-Yield Solutions. Design-to-silicon-yield solutions revenue is derived from services (including solution implementations, software support and maintenance, consulting, and training) and software licenses, provided during our customer yield improvement engagements as well as during solution product sales. Design-to-silicon-yield solutions revenue increased $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011, primarily due to an increase in fixed fee integrated solutions, the result of increased bookings. Our Design-to-Silicon-Yield revenues may fluctuate in the future and are dependent on a number of factors, including the semiconductor industry's acceptance of our products, the timing of purchases by existing customers, and our ability to attract new customers and penetrate new markets including photovoltaic and LED, and further penetration of our current customer base.

Gainshare Performance Incentives. Gainshare performance incentives revenues represent profit sharing and performance incentives earned based upon our customers reaching certain defined operational levels. Revenue derived from gainshare performance incentives increased $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011. This increase was primarily due to higher number of projects reaching performance measures for achieving gainshare. The revenue from gainshare performance incentives was generated from six customers and nine engagements for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and six customers and six engagements for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Our gainshare performance incentives revenue may continue to fluctuate from period to period. Gainshare performance incentives revenue is dependent on many factors that are outside our control, including among others, continued production of ICs by our customers, sustained yield improvements by our customers, and our ability to enter into new Design-to-silicon-yield solutions contracts containing provisions for gainshare performance incentives.

                                     Three Months Ended March 31,             $               %
Cost of Design-to-Silicon-Yield
Solutions                              2012                2011            Change           Change
(in thousands, except for
percentages)
Direct costs of
design-to-silicon-yield
solutions                          $       8,572       $       6,438     $     2,134               33 %
Amortization of acquired
technology                                   156                 156               -                - %
Total                              $       8,728       $       6,594     $     2,134               32 %

Costs of Design-to-Silicon-Yield Solutions. Costs of Design-to-silicon-yield solutions consist of costs incurred to provide and support our services, costs recognized in connection with licensing our software, and amortization of acquired technology.

Direct Costs of Design-to-Silicon-Yield Solutions. Direct costs of Design-to-silicon-yield solutions consist of services costs and software licenses costs. Services costs consist of material, labor, overhead costs, and stock-based compensation charges associated with solution implementations. Costs include purchased materials, employee compensation and related benefits, travel and facilities-related costs. Software license costs consist of costs associated with licensing third-party software sold in conjunction with our software products and expenses incurred to produce and distribute our product documentation. Direct costs of Design-to-silicon-yield solutions increased $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $1.8 million in personnel expense as a result of additional headcount to support the growth in revenue-generating engagements, an increase of $0.2 million in travel expense related to increased project activity and an increase of $0.1 million of subcontractor costs.

Amortization of Acquired Technology. Amortization of acquired technology consists of amortization of intangible assets acquired as a result of certain business combinations. Amortization of acquired technology expense was $156,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. We anticipate amortization of acquired technology to be $104,000 for the remaining nine months in 2012 and zero thereafter.


                                     Three Months Ended March 31,             $                 %
Research and Development               2012                2011             Change            Change
(in thousands, except for
percentages)
Research and development           $       3,157       $       3,827     $       (670 )             (18 )%

Research and Development. Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs to support product development activities, including compensation and benefits, outside development services, travel and facilities cost allocations, and stock-based compensation charges. Research and development expenses decreased $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011, primarily due to the decrease in personnel-related and outside service expenses, a result of the decrease in research and development activities due to the timing of research and development projects. We anticipate our expenses in research and development will fluctuate in absolute dollars from period to period as a result of cost control initiatives and the timing of when we hire personnel as a result of the size and the timing of product development projects.

                                     Three Months Ended March 31,             $                 %
Selling, General and
Administrative                         2012                2011             Change           Change
(in thousands, except for
percentages)
Selling, general and
administrative                     $       4,905       $       4,839     $         66                 1 %

Selling, General and Administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits for sales, marketing and general and administrative personnel in addition to outside sales commissions, legal and accounting services, marketing communications, travel and facilities cost allocations, and stock-based compensation charges. Selling, general and administrative expenses remained relatively flat for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011. Personnel-related expense increased $0.5 million primarily due to increase in headcount, stock-based compensation charges increased $0.1 million, while legal and accounting fees decreased $0.5 million due to decrease in legal-related activities. We anticipate our selling, general and administrative expenses will fluctuate in absolute dollars from period to period as a result of cost control initiatives and to support increased selling efforts in the future.

                                        Three Months Ended March 31,                  $                  %
Amortization of Other Acquired
Intangible Assets                       2012                     2011              Change             Change
(in thousands, except for
percentages)
Amortization of other acquired
intangible assets                  $           51           $           51     $            -                  - %

Amortization of Other Acquired Intangible Assets. Amortization of other acquired intangible assets consists of amortization of intangibles acquired as a result of certain business combinations. Amortization of other acquired intangible assets remained flat for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011. We anticipate amortization of other acquired intangible assets to be $124,000 for the remaining months in 2012, $74,000 in 2013, and $30,000 in 2014.

                                         Three Months Ended March 31,                  $                %
Restructuring Charges (Credits)         2012                     2011               Change            Change
(in thousands, except for
. . .
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