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MCD > SEC Filings for MCD > Form 10-Q on 8-May-2012All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for MCDONALDS CORP


8-May-2012

Quarterly Report


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

The Company franchises and operates McDonald's restaurants. Of the 33,517 restaurants in 119 countries at March 31, 2012, 27,074 were licensed to franchisees (including 19,487 franchised to conventional franchisees, 3,965 licensed to developmental licensees and 3,622 licensed to foreign affiliates (affiliates) - primarily Japan) and 6,443 were operated by the Company. Under our conventional franchise arrangement, franchisees provide a portion of the capital required by initially investing in the equipment, signs, seating and dιcor of their restaurant businesses, and by reinvesting in the business over time. The Company owns the land and building or secures long-term leases for both Company-operated and conventional franchised restaurant sites. This maintains long-term occupancy rights, helps control related costs and assists in alignment with franchisees. In certain circumstances, the Company participates in reinvestment for conventional franchised restaurants. Under our developmental license arrangement, licensees provide capital for the entire business, including the real estate interest, and the Company has no capital invested. In addition, the Company has an equity investment in a limited number of affiliates that invest in real estate and operate and/or franchise restaurants within a market.

We view ourselves primarily as a franchisor and believe franchising is important to delivering great, locally-relevant customer experiences and driving profitability. However, directly operating restaurants is paramount to being a credible franchisor and is essential to providing Company personnel with restaurant operations experience. In our Company-operated restaurants, and in collaboration with franchisees, we further develop and refine operating standards, marketing concepts and product and pricing strategies, so that only those that we believe are most beneficial are introduced in the restaurants. We continually review, and as appropriate adjust, our mix of Company-operated and franchised (conventional franchised, developmental licensed and foreign affiliated) restaurants to help optimize overall performance.

The Company's revenues consist of sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from restaurants operated by franchisees. Revenues from conventional franchised restaurants include rent and royalties based on a percent of sales along with minimum rent payments, and initial fees. Revenues from restaurants licensed to affiliates and developmental licensees include a royalty based on a percent of sales, and generally include initial fees. Fees vary by type of site, amount of Company investment, if any, and local business conditions. These fees, along with occupancy and operating rights, are stipulated in franchise/license agreements that generally have 20-year terms.

The business is managed as distinct geographic segments. Significant reportable segments include the United States (U.S.), Europe, and Asia/Pacific, Middle East and Africa (APMEA). In addition, throughout this report we present "Other Countries & Corporate" that includes operations in Canada and Latin America, as well as Corporate activities. The U.S., Europe and APMEA segments account for 32%, 39% and 24% of total revenues, respectively.

Strategic Direction and Financial Performance

The strength of the alignment between the Company, its franchisees and suppliers (collectively referred to as the System) has been key to McDonald's success. This business model enables McDonald's to consistently deliver locally-relevant restaurant experiences to customers and be an integral part of the communities we serve. In addition, it facilitates our ability to identify, implement and scale innovative ideas that meet customers' changing needs and preferences.

McDonald's customer-focused Plan to Win-which concentrates on being better, not just bigger-provides a common framework for our global business while allowing for local adaptation. Through the execution of multiple initiatives surrounding the five elements of our Plan to Win-People, Products, Place, Price and Promotion-we have enhanced the restaurant experience for customers worldwide and grown comparable sales and customer visits in each of the last eight years. This Plan, combined with financial discipline, has delivered strong results for our shareholders.

The Company's growth priorities under the Plan to Win include: optimizing the menu with the right food and beverage offerings, modernizing the customer experience by upgrading nearly every aspect of our restaurants from service to designs, and broadening our accessibility through continued convenience and value initiatives. The combination of all of these efforts successfully resonated with consumers, driving increases in comparable sales and customer visits in many countries despite a challenging global economy and relatively flat or contracting Informal Eating Out (IEO) market. As a result, for the first quarter 2012 every area of the world contributed to global comparable sales and guest counts, which increased 7.3% and 4.8%, respectively.


Growth in comparable sales is driven by changes in guest counts and average check, which is affected by changes in pricing and product mix. Generally, the goal is to achieve a balanced contribution from both guest counts and average check.

In the U.S., first quarter 2012 comparable sales of 8.9% were driven by the ongoing popularity of McDonald's core favorites, menu innovations such as Chicken McBites, the enhanced customer experience of McDonald's reimaged restaurants and favorable weather. Ongoing U.S. initiatives include balancing core menu classics with new products and promotional food events; providing everyday value; modernizing our restaurants through the major remodel program and technology enhancements; and broadening accessibility with expanded hours and additional staffing at peak hours. Despite ongoing sales momentum in the U.S., we expect to face continued cost pressures that will impact Company-operated margins at least through the second quarter.

Europe's emphasis on everyday affordability, premium product innovation and restaurant reimaging contributed to 5.0% comparable sales growth for the first quarter 2012. Europe's strategic priorities include increasing local relevance by complementing our tiered menu with a variety of promotional food events, enhancing the customer experience through ongoing restaurant reimaging and technology initiatives, and reducing our impact on the environment with energy management tools. Although our European business will continue to face headwinds due to economic uncertainty and government-initiated austerity measures, we remain confident that our business model will continue to drive profitable growth.

APMEA's comparable sales increase of 5.5% in the first quarter 2012 reflected a strong execution of the segment's core menu, compelling value and convenience strategies. APMEA will continue efforts to become our customers' first choice for eating out by providing robust value platforms, focusing on menu variety and the restaurant experience, and executing convenience initiatives, such as expanding delivery service and extended operating hours. In addition, APMEA will grow our business by opening approximately 750 new restaurants and reimaging existing restaurants, while elevating the focus on service and operations to drive efficiencies.

Operating Highlights Included:

• Global comparable sales increased 7.3% for the quarter, and benefited from one additional day due to leap year.

• Consolidated operating income increased 8% (9% in constant currencies) for the quarter.

• Diluted earnings per share was $1.23 for the quarter, up 7% (8% in constant currencies). Foreign currency translation had a negative impact of $0.01 on diluted earnings per share.

• For the three months ended March 31, 2012, the Company repurchased 8.1 million shares for $802.8 million and paid total dividends of $0.70 per share or $712.3 million.

Outlook

While the Company does not provide specific guidance on earnings per share, the following information is provided to assist in forecasting the Company's future results.

• Changes in Systemwide sales are driven by comparable sales and net restaurant unit expansion. The Company expects net restaurant additions to add approximately 2 percentage points to 2012 Systemwide sales growth (in constant currencies), most of which will be due to the 872 net traditional restaurants added in 2011.

• The Company does not generally provide specific guidance on changes in comparable sales. However, as a perspective, assuming no change in cost structure, a 1 percentage point increase in comparable sales for either the U.S. or Europe would increase annual diluted earnings per share by about 3-4 cents.

• With about 75% of McDonald's grocery bill comprised of 10 different commodities, a basket of goods approach is the most comprehensive way to look at the Company's commodity costs. For the full year 2012, the total basket of goods cost is expected to increase 4.5-5.5% in the U.S. and 2.5-3.5% in Europe, with more pressure expected in the first half.

• The Company expects full-year 2012 selling, general & administrative expenses to increase approximately 6% in constant currencies, driven by certain technology investments, primarily to accelerate future restaurant capabilities, and costs related to the 2012 Worldwide Owner/Operator Convention and Olympics. The Company expects the magnitude of the increase to be confined to 2012. Fluctuations will be experienced between quarters due to the timing of certain items such as the Worldwide Owner/Operator Convention in the second quarter and the Olympics in the third quarter.

• Based on current interest and foreign currency exchange rates, the Company expects interest expense for the full year 2012 to increase between 8% and 10% compared with 2011.



• A significant part of the Company's operating income is generated outside the U.S., and about 40% of its total debt is denominated in foreign currencies. Accordingly, earnings are affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly the Euro, British Pound, Australian Dollar and Canadian Dollar. Collectively, these currencies represent approximately 65% of the Company's operating income outside the U.S. If all four of these currencies moved by 10% in the same direction, the Company's annual diluted earnings per share would change by about 24 cents.

• The Company expects the effective income tax rate for the full-year 2012 to be 31% to 33%. Some volatility may be experienced between the quarters resulting in a quarterly tax rate that is outside the annual range.

• The Company expects capital expenditures for 2012 to be approximately $2.9 billion. About half of this amount will be used to open new restaurants. The Company expects to open more than 1,300 restaurants including about 450 restaurants in affiliated and developmental licensee markets, such as Japan and Latin America, where the Company does not fund any capital expenditures. The Company expects net additions of about 900 restaurants. The remaining capital will be used for reinvestment in existing restaurants. Nearly half of this reinvestment will be used to reimage more than 2,400 locations worldwide, some of which will require no capital investment from the Company.

The Following Definitions Apply to These Terms as Used Throughout This Form 10-Q:

• Information in constant currency is calculated by translating current year results at prior year average exchange rates. Management reviews and analyzes business results excluding the effect of foreign currency translation and bases incentive compensation plans on these results because they believe this better represents the Company's underlying business trends.

• Systemwide sales include sales at all restaurants, whether operated by the Company or by franchisees. While franchised sales are not recorded as revenues by the Company, management believes the information is important in understanding the Company's financial performance because these sales are the basis on which the Company calculates and records franchised revenues and are indicative of the financial health of the franchisee base.

• Comparable sales represent sales at all restaurants and comparable guest counts represent the number of transactions at all restaurants, whether operated by the Company or by franchisees, in operation at least thirteen months including those temporarily closed. Some of the reasons restaurants may be temporarily closed include reimaging or remodeling, rebuilding, road construction and natural disasters. Comparable sales exclude the impact of currency translation. Growth in comparable sales is driven by changes in guest counts and average check, which is affected by changes in pricing and product mix. Management reviews the increase or decrease in comparable sales and comparable guest counts compared with the same period in the prior year to assess business trends. The number of weekdays and weekend days, referred to as the calendar shift/trading day adjustment, can impact comparable sales and guest counts. In addition, the timing of holidays can also impact comparable sales and guest counts.


CONSOLIDATED OPERATING RESULTS





                                                           Quarter Ended
       Dollars in millions, except per share data         March 31, 2012
                                                     Amount         % Increase
       Revenues
       Sales by Company-operated restaurants        $ 4,432.2                 7
       Revenues from franchised restaurants           2,114.4                 8
       Total revenues                                 6,546.6                 7
       Operating costs and expenses
       Company-operated restaurant expenses           3,654.4                 7
       Franchised restaurants-occupancy expenses        374.7                 6
       Selling, general & administrative expenses       592.5                 5
       Other operating (income) expense, net            (39.6 )              19
       Total operating costs and expenses             4,582.0                 7
       Operating income                               1,964.6                 8
       Interest expense                                 128.9                 7
       Nonoperating (income) expense, net               (11.8 )             n/m
       Income before provision for income taxes       1,847.5                 9
       Provision for income taxes                       580.8                19
       Net income                                   $ 1,266.7                 5
       Earnings per common share-basic              $    1.24                 7
       Earnings per common share-diluted            $    1.23                 7

n/m Not meaningful


Impact of Foreign Currency Translation

While changes in foreign currency exchange rates affect reported results, McDonald's mitigates exposures, where practical, by financing in local currencies, hedging certain foreign-denominated cash flows, and purchasing goods and services in local currencies. Management reviews and analyzes business results excluding the effect of foreign currency translation and bases certain incentive compensation plans on these results because they believe this better represents the Company's underlying business trends. Results excluding the effect of foreign currency translation (also referred to as constant currency) are calculated by translating current year results at prior year average exchange rates.

IMPACT OF FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
Dollars in millions, except per share data
                                                                                        Currency
                                                                                     Translation
                                                                                        Benefit/
                                                                                          (Cost)
Quarters Ended March 31,                             2012              2011                 2012
Revenues                                       $  6,546.6        $  6,111.6        $       (74.6 )
Company-operated margins                            777.8             736.0                 (8.8 )
Franchised margins                                1,739.7           1,604.6                (19.1 )
Selling, general & administrative expenses          592.5             563.6                  4.5
Operating income                                  1,964.6           1,825.9                (22.7 )
Net income                                        1,266.7           1,209.0                (15.5 )
Earnings per share-diluted                           1.23              1.15                (0.01 )

Foreign currency translation had a negative impact on consolidated operating results for the quarter driven by the weaker Euro.

Net Income and Diluted Earnings per Common Share

For the first quarter 2012, net income increased 5% (6% in constant currencies) to $1,266.7 million and diluted earnings per share increased 7% (8% in constant currencies) to $1.23. Foreign currency translation had a negative impact of $0.01 per share on diluted earnings per share.

For the quarter, the growth rates on net income and diluted earnings per share were negatively impacted by an increase in the effective income tax rate, while the growth rate on diluted earnings per share benefited from a decrease in diluted weighted average shares outstanding.

During the quarter, the Company repurchased 8.1 million shares of its stock for $802.8 million and paid a quarterly dividend of $0.70 per share or $712.3 million.


Revenues

Revenues consist of sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from restaurants operated by franchisees. Revenues from conventional franchised restaurants include rent and royalties based on a percent of sales along with minimum rent payments and initial fees. Revenues from franchised restaurants that are licensed to affiliates and developmental licensees include a royalty based on a percent of sales and generally include initial fees.

  REVENUES
  Dollars in millions
                                                                                    % Inc/
                                                                                     (Dec)
                                                                                 Excluding
                                                                 % Inc/           Currency
  Quarters Ended March 31,           2012            2011         (Dec)        Translation
  Company-operated sales
  U.S.                          $ 1,089.6       $ 1,004.6             8                  8
  Europe                          1,834.6         1,758.6             4                  9
  APMEA                           1,306.5         1,181.0            11                  8
  Other Countries & Corporate       201.5           208.5            (3 )               (2 )
  Total                         $ 4,432.2       $ 4,152.7             7                  8
  Franchised revenues
  U.S.                          $ 1,012.7       $   921.2            10                 10
  Europe                            700.9           681.4             3                  7
  APMEA                             250.1           219.5            14                 10
  Other Countries & Corporate       150.7           136.8            10                 13
  Total                         $ 2,114.4       $ 1,958.9             8                  9
  Total revenues
  U.S.                          $ 2,102.3       $ 1,925.8             9                  9
  Europe                          2,535.5         2,440.0             4                  8
  APMEA                           1,556.6         1,400.5            11                  8
  Other Countries & Corporate       352.2           345.3             2                  4
  Total                         $ 6,546.6       $ 6,111.6             7                  8

Consolidated revenues increased 7% (8% in constant currencies) for the quarter. The constant currency growth was driven primarily by strong comparable sales as well as expansion.

In the U.S., revenues increased for the quarter due to strong comparable sales. Comparable sales were driven by classic core favorites, menu innovations such as Chicken McBites, the enhanced customer experience due to reimaged restaurants and favorable weather.

In Europe, the constant currency increase in revenues for the quarter was primarily driven by strong comparable sales increases in Russia (which is entirely Company-operated) and the U.K., as well as expansion in Russia. France and Germany also contributed to the increase in revenues.

In APMEA, the constant currency increase in revenues for the quarter was primarily driven by comparable sales increases in China, Australia and most other markets, as well as expansion in China.


The following table presents the percent change in comparable sales for the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:

                  COMPARABLE SALES
                                                     % Increase
                  Quarters Ended March 31,*       2012        2011
                  U.S.                             8.9         2.9
                  Europe                           5.0         5.7
                  APMEA                            5.5         3.2
                  Other Countries & Corporate     11.6         7.8
                  Total                            7.3         4.2

* On a consolidated basis, comparable guest counts increased 4.8% and 3.6% for the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

The following table presents the percent change in Systemwide sales for the quarter ended March 31, 2012:

             SYSTEMWIDE SALES
                                                                  % Inc
                                                              Excluding
                                                               Currency
             Quarter Ended March 31, 2012     % Inc         Translation
             U.S.                                10                  10
             Europe                               4                   8
             APMEA                               13                  10
             Other Countries & Corporate         10                  14
             Total                                9                  10

Franchised sales are not recorded as revenues by the Company, but are the basis on which the Company calculates and records franchised revenues and are indicative of the health of the franchisee base. The following table presents Franchised sales and the related increases:

FRANCHISED SALES
Dollars in millions
                                                                                      % Inc
                                                                                  Excluding
                                                                                   Currency
Quarters Ended March 31,            2012             2011         % Inc         Translation
U.S.                          $  7,377.5       $  6,714.6            10                  10
Europe                           3,985.8          3,863.1             3                   7
APMEA                            3,425.7          3,023.4            13                  11
Other Countries & Corporate      1,889.1          1,685.9            12                  16
Total*                        $ 16,678.1       $ 15,287.0             9                  10

* Sales from developmental licensed restaurants or foreign affiliated markets where the Company earns a royalty based on a percent of sales were $3,891.9 million and $3,423.6 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively. The remaining balance of franchised sales is derived from conventional franchised restaurants where the Company earns rent and royalties based primarily on a percent of sales.


Restaurant Margins



FRANCHISED AND COMPANY-OPERATED RESTAURANT MARGINS
Dollars in millions
                                                                                                                    % Inc
                                                                                                                Excluding
                                                                                                                 Currency
Quarters Ended March 31,                   Percent                      Amount                  % Inc         Translation
                                      2012         2011            2012            2011
Franchised
U.S.                                  83.4         82.8       $   844.4       $   762.3            11                  11
Europe                                77.9         77.7           545.7           529.5             3                   7
APMEA                                 88.6         89.2           221.6           195.9            13                  10
Other Countries & Corporate           85.0         85.5           128.0           116.9             9                  13
Total                                 82.3         81.9       $ 1,739.7       $ 1,604.6             8                  10
Company-operated
U.S.                                  18.8         19.5       $   204.7       $   196.2             4                   4
Europe                                17.5         17.2           321.7           303.1             6                  11
APMEA                                 16.9         17.5           220.4           206.8             7                   4
Other Countries & Corporate           15.4         14.4            31.0            29.9             4                   6
Total                                 17.5         17.7       $   777.8       $   736.0             6                   7

Franchised margin dollars increased $135.1 million or 8% (10% in constant currencies) for the quarter.

• In the U.S., the franchised margin percent increased for the quarter primarily due to strong comparable sales, partly offset by higher depreciation, mostly related to reimaging.

• In Europe, the franchised margin percent increased for the quarter primarily due to positive comparable sales, partly offset by higher rent expense due to contractual escalations.

• In APMEA, while the franchised margin dollars increased for the quarter resulting from positive comparable sales, the margin percent decreased primarily due to the 2012 change in classification of certain amounts from revenues to restaurant occupancy expenses in Australia. Although the change in classification results in a decrease to the franchised margin percentage, there is no impact on the reported franchised margin dollars.

Company-operated margin dollars increased $41.8 million or 6% (7% in constant currencies) for the quarter.

• In the U.S., the Company-operated margin percent for the quarter decreased . . .

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