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MAC > SEC Filings for MAC > Form 10-K on 24-Feb-2012All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for MACERICH CO


24-Feb-2012

Annual Report


ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Management's Overview and Summary

The Company is involved in the acquisition, ownership, development, redevelopment, management and leasing of regional and community shopping centers located throughout the United States. The Company is the sole general partner of, and owns a majority of the ownership interests in, the Operating Partnership. As of December 31, 2011, the Operating Partnership owned or had an ownership interest in 65 regional shopping centers and 14 community shopping centers totaling approximately 66 million square feet of GLA. These 79 regional and community shopping centers are referred to hereinafter as the "Centers," unless the context otherwise requires. The Company is a self-administered and self-managed REIT and conducts all of its operations through the Operating Partnership and the Management Companies.

The following discussion is based primarily on the consolidated financial statements of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009. It compares the results of operations and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2011 to the results of operations and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2010. Also included is a comparison of the results of operations and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2010 to the results of operations and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2009. This information should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.

Acquisitions and Dispositions:

The financial statements reflect the following acquisitions, dispositions and changes in ownership subsequent to the occurrence of each transaction.

In June 2009, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $1.0 million related to the anticipated loss on the sale of Village Center, a 170,801 square foot urban village property, in July 2009. The Company subsequently sold the property on July 14, 2009 for $11.9 million in total proceeds, resulting in a gain of $0.1 million related to a change in estimate in transaction costs. The Company used the proceeds from the sale to pay down the term loan and for general corporate purposes.

On July 30, 2009, the Company sold a 49% ownership interest in Queens Center to a third party for approximately $152.7 million, resulting in a gain on sale of assets of $154.2 million. The Company used the proceeds from the sale of the ownership interest in the property to pay down the Company's term loan and for general corporate purposes. As of the date of the sale, the Company has accounted for the operations of Queens Center under the equity method of accounting.

On September 3, 2009, the Company formed a joint venture with a third party whereby the Company sold a 75% interest in FlatIron Crossing. As part of this transaction, the Company issued three warrants for an aggregate of 1,250,000 shares of common stock of the Company (See Note 15-Stockholders' Equity in the Notes to Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.) The Company received $123.8 million in cash proceeds for the overall transaction, of which $8.1 million was attributed to the warrants. The proceeds attributable to the interest sold exceeded the Company's carrying value in the interest sold by $28.7 million. However, due to certain contractual rights afforded to the buyer of the interest in FlatIron Crossing, the Company has only recognized a gain on sale of $2.5 million. The Company used the proceeds from the sale of the ownership interest to pay down the term loan and for general corporate purposes. As of the date of the sale, the Company has accounted for the operations of FlatIron Crossing under the equity method of accounting.

Queens Center and FlatIron Crossing are referred to herein as the "Joint Venture Centers."


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During the fourth quarter of 2009, the Company sold five non-core community centers for $71.3 million, resulting in an aggregate loss on sales of $16.9 million. The Company used the proceeds from these sales to pay down the Company's line of credit and for general corporate purposes.

On February 24, 2011, the Company increased its ownership interest in Kierland Commons, a 434,642 square foot community center in Scottsdale, Arizona, from 24.5% to 50%. The Company's share of the purchase price for this transaction was $34.2 million in cash and the assumption of $18.6 million of existing debt.

On February 28, 2011, the Company, in a 50/50 joint venture, acquired The Shops at Atlas Park, a 377,924 square foot community center in Queens, New York, for a total purchase price of $53.8 million. The Company's share of the purchase price was $26.9 million and was funded from the Company's cash on hand.

On February 28, 2011, the Company acquired the additional 50% ownership interest in Desert Sky Mall, an 893,863 square foot regional shopping center in Phoenix, Arizona, that it did not own. The total purchase price was $27.6 million, which included the assumption of the third party's pro rata share of the mortgage note payable on the property of $25.7 million. Concurrent with the purchase of the partnership interest, the Company paid off the $51.5 million loan on the property.

On April 29, 2011, the Company purchased a fee interest in a freestanding Kohl's store at Capitola Mall in Capitola, California for $28.5 million. The purchase price was paid from cash on hand.

On June 3, 2011, the Company acquired an additional 33.3% ownership interest in Arrowhead Towne Center, a 1,197,006 square foot regional shopping center in Glendale, Arizona, an additional 33.3% ownership interest in Superstition Springs Center, a 1,204,540 square foot regional shopping center in Mesa, Arizona, and an additional 50% ownership interest in the land under Superstition Springs Center in exchange for the Company's ownership interest in six anchor stores, including five former Mervyn's stores and a cash payment of $75.0 million. The cash purchase price was funded from borrowings under the Company's line of credit. This transaction is referred herein as the "GGP Exchange".

On July 22, 2011, the Company acquired the Fashion Outlets of Niagara, a 529,059 square foot outlet center in Niagara Falls, New York. The initial purchase price of $200.0 million was funded by a cash payment of $78.6 million and the assumption of the mortgage note payable of $121.4 million. The cash purchase price was funded from borrowings under the Company's line of credit. The purchase and sale agreement includes contingent consideration based on the performance of the Fashion Outlets of Niagara from the acquisition date through July 21, 2014 that could increase the purchase price from the initial $200.0 million up to a maximum of $218.7 million. The Company estimated the fair value of the contingent consideration as of December 31, 2011 to be $14.8 million, which has been included in other accrued liabilities.

On December 31, 2011, the Company and its joint venture partner reached agreement for the distribution and conveyance of interests in SDG Macerich that owned 11 regional malls in a 50/50 partnership. Six of the eleven assets were distributed to the Company on December 31, 2011. The Company received 100% ownership of Eastland Mall in Evansville, Indiana, Lake Square Mall in Leesburg, Florida, SouthPark Mall in Moline, Illinois, Southridge Mall in Des Moines, Iowa, NorthPark Mall in Davenport, Iowa and Valley Mall in Harrisonburg, Virginia (collectively referred to herein as the "SDG Acquisition Properties"). These wholly-owned assets were recorded at fair value at the date of transfer, which resulted in a gain of $188.3 million. The gain reflected the fair value of the net assets received in excess of the book value of the Company's interest in SDG Macerich. The distribution and conveyance of the properties from SDG Macerich to the Company is referred to herein as the "SDG Transaction".


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Desert Sky Mall, the Kohl's store at Capitola Mall, the land under Superstition Springs Center and the Fashion Outlets of Niagara are referred to herein as the "Acquisition Properties".

Mervyn's:

In December 2007, the Company purchased a portfolio of ground leasehold interest and/or fee interests in 39 freestanding Mervyn's stores located in the Southwest United States. In January 2008, the Company purchased a ground leasehold interest in a freestanding Mervyn's store located in Hayward, California and in February 2008, the Company purchased a fee simple interest in a freestanding Mervyn's store located in Monrovia, California. These former Mervyn's stores are referred to herein as the "Mervyn's Properties." Mervyn's filed for bankruptcy protection in July 2008 and rejected all of its leases during the remainder of the year.

In June 2009, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $26.0 million, as it relates to the fee and/or ground leasehold interests in five former Mervyn's stores due to the anticipated loss on the sale of these properties in July 2009. The Company subsequently sold the properties in July 2009 for $52.7 million in total proceeds, resulting in an additional $0.5 million loss related to transaction costs. The Company used the proceeds from the sales to pay down the Company's term loan and for general corporate purposes.

On September 29, 2009, the Company sold a leasehold interest in a former Mervyn's store for $4.5 million, resulting in a gain on sale of $4.1 million. The Company used the proceeds from the sale to pay down the Company's line of credit and for general corporate purposes.

On March 4, 2011, the Company sold a fee interest in a former Mervyn's store for $3.7 million, resulting in a loss on sale of $1.9 million. The Company used the proceeds from the sale for general corporate purposes.

On June 3, 2011, the Company disposed of five former Mervyn's stores in connection with the GGP Exchange (See "Acquisitions").

On October 14, 2011, the Company sold a former Mervyn's store in Salt Lake City, Utah, for $8.1 million, resulting in a gain of $3.8 million. The proceeds from the sale were used for general corporate purposes.

On November 30, 2011, the Company sold a former Mervyn's store in West Valley City, Utah, for $2.3 million, resulting in a loss of $0.2 million. The proceeds from the sale were used for general corporate purposes.

As of December 31, 2011, five former Mervyn's stores in the Company's portfolio remain vacant. The Company is currently seeking replacement tenants for these spaces.

Other Transactions and Events:

On July 15, 2010, a court appointed receiver assumed operational control of Valley View Center and responsibility for managing all aspects of the property. The Company anticipates the disposition of the asset, which is under the control of the receiver, will be executed through foreclosure, deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, or by some other means, and will be completed in the near future. Although the Company is no longer funding any cash shortfall, it continues to record the operations of Valley View Center until the title for the Center is transferred and its obligation for the loan is discharged. Once title to the Center is transferred, the Company will remove the net assets and liabilities from the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The mortgage note payable on Valley View Center is non-recourse to the Company.


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On April 1, 2011, the Company's joint venture in SDG Macerich conveyed Granite Run Mall to the mortgage note lender by a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. The mortgage note was non-recourse. The Company's pro rata share of gain on early extinguishment of debt was $7.8 million.

On May 11, 2011, the non-recourse mortgage note payable on Shoppingtown Mall went into maturity default. As a result of the maturity default and the corresponding reduction of the estimated holding period, the Company recognized an impairment charge of $35.7 million to write-down the carrying value of the long-lived assets to its estimated fair value. On September 14, 2011, the Company exercised its right and redeemed the outside ownership interests in Shoppingtown Mall for a cash payment of $11.4 million. On December 30, 2011, the Company conveyed Shoppingtown Mall to the mortgage note lender by a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. As a result of the conveyance, the Company recognized an additional $3.9 million loss on the disposal of the property.

As of December 1, 2011, the Prescott Gateway non-recourse loan was in maturity default. The Company is negotiating with the lender and the outcome is uncertain at this time.

Redevelopment and Development Activity:

In August 2011, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with a subsidiary of AWE/Talisman for the development of the Fashion Outlets of Chicago in the Village of Rosemont, Illinois. The Company will own 60% of the joint venture and AWE/Talisman will own 40%. The Center will be a fully enclosed two level, 528,000 square foot outlet center. The site is located within a mile of O'Hare International Airport. The project broke ground in November, 2011 and is expected to be completed in Summer 2013. The total estimated project cost is approximately $200.0 million.

Inflation:

In the last five years, inflation has not had a significant impact on the Company because of a relatively low inflation rate. Most of the leases at the Centers have rent adjustments periodically throughout the lease term. These rent increases are either in fixed increments or based on using an annual multiple of increases in the Consumer Price Index ("CPI"). In addition, approximately 6% to 15% of the leases expire each year, which enables the Company to replace existing leases with new leases at higher base rents if the rents of the existing leases are below the then existing market rate. The Company has generally entered into leases that require tenants to pay a stated amount for operating expenses, generally excluding property taxes, regardless of the expenses actually incurred at any Center, which places the burden of cost control on the Company. Additionally, certain leases require the tenants to pay their pro rata share of operating expenses.

Seasonality:

The shopping center industry is seasonal in nature, particularly in the fourth quarter during the holiday season when retailer occupancy and retail sales are typically at their highest levels. In addition, shopping malls achieve a substantial portion of their specialty (temporary retailer) rents during the holiday season and the majority of percentage rent is recognized in the fourth quarter. As a result of the above, earnings are generally higher in the fourth quarter.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.


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Some of these estimates and assumptions include judgments on revenue recognition, estimates for common area maintenance and real estate tax accruals, provisions for uncollectible accounts, impairment of long-lived assets, the allocation of purchase price between tangible and intangible assets, and estimates for environmental matters. The Company's significant accounting policies are described in more detail in Note 2-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company's Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. However, the following policies are deemed to be critical.

Revenue Recognition:

Minimum rental revenues are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the related lease. The difference between the amount of rent due in a year and the amount recorded as rental income is referred to as the "straight line rent adjustment." Currently, 62% of the Mall Store and Freestanding Store leases contain provisions for CPI rent increases periodically throughout the term of the lease. The Company believes that using an annual multiple of CPI increases, rather than fixed contractual rent increases, results in revenue recognition that more closely matches the cash revenue from each lease and will provide more consistent rent growth throughout the term of the leases. Percentage rents are recognized when the tenants' specified sales targets have been met. Estimated recoveries from certain tenants for their pro rata share of real estate taxes, insurance and other shopping center operating expenses are recognized as revenues in the period the applicable expenses are incurred. Other tenants pay a fixed rate and these tenant recoveries' revenues are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the related leases.

Property:

The Company capitalizes costs incurred in redevelopment and development of properties. The costs of land and buildings under development include specifically identifiable costs. The capitalized costs include pre-construction costs essential to the development of the property, development costs, construction costs, interest costs, real estate taxes, salaries and related costs and other costs incurred during the period of development. Capitalized costs are allocated to the specific components of a project that are benefited. The Company considers a construction project as completed and held available for occupancy and ceases capitalization of costs when the areas under development have been substantially completed.

Maintenance and repair expenses are charged to operations as incurred. Costs for major replacements and betterments, which includes HVAC equipment, roofs, parking lots, etc., are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Gains and losses are recognized upon disposal or retirement of the related assets and are reflected in earnings.

Property is recorded at cost and is depreciated using a straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

                    Buildings and improvements   5 - 40 years
                    Tenant improvements           5 - 7 years
                    Equipment and furnishings     5 - 7 years

Accounting for Acquisitions:

The Company first determines the value of land and buildings utilizing an "as if vacant" methodology. The Company then assigns a fair value to any debt assumed at acquisition. The Company then allocates the purchase price based on fair value of the land, building, tenant improvements and identifiable intangible assets received and liabilities assumed. Tenant improvements represent the tangible assets associated with the existing leases valued on a fair value basis at the acquisition date prorated over the remaining lease terms. The tenant improvements are classified as an asset under


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property and are depreciated over the remaining lease terms. Identifiable intangible assets and liabilities relate to the value of in-place operating leases which come in three forms: (i) leasing commissions and legal costs, which represent the value associated with "cost avoidance" of acquiring in-place leases, such as lease commissions paid under terms generally experienced in the Company's markets; (ii) value of in-place leases, which represents the estimated loss of revenue and of costs incurred for the period required to lease the "assumed vacant" property to the occupancy level when purchased; and (iii) above or below market value of in-place leases, which represents the difference between the contractual rents and market rents at the time of the acquisition, discounted for tenant credit risks. Leasing commissions and legal costs are recorded in deferred charges and other assets and are amortized over the remaining lease terms. The value of in-place leases are recorded in deferred charges and other assets and amortized over the remaining lease terms plus an estimate of renewal of the acquired leases. Above or below market leases are classified in deferred charges and other assets or in other accrued liabilities, depending on whether the contractual terms are above or below market, and the asset or liability is amortized to minimum rents over the remaining terms of the leases.

The allocated values of above and below-market leases are amortized into minimum rents on a straight-line basis over the individual remaining lease terms. The remaining lease terms of below-market leases may include certain below-market fixed-rate renewal periods. In considering whether or not a lessee will execute a below-market fixed-rate lease renewal option, the Company evaluates economic factors and certain qualitative factors at the time of acquisition such as tenant mix in the center, the Company's relationship with the tenant and the availability of competing tenant space.

Asset Impairment:

The Company assesses whether an indicator of impairment in the value of its properties exists by considering expected future operating income, trends and prospects, as well as the effects of demand, competition and other economic factors. Such factors include projected rental revenue, operating costs and capital expenditures as well as estimated holding periods and capitalization rates. If an impairment indicator exists, the determination of recoverability is made based upon the estimated undiscounted future net cash flows, excluding interest expense. The amount of impairment loss, if any, is determined by comparing the fair value, as determined by a discounted cash flows analysis, with the carrying value of the related assets. The Company generally holds and operates its properties long-term, which decreases the likelihood of its carrying values not being recoverable. Properties classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.

The Company reviews its investments in unconsolidated joint ventures for a series of operating losses and other factors that may indicate that a decrease in the value of its investments has occurred which is other-than-temporary. The investment in each unconsolidated joint venture is evaluated periodically, and as deemed necessary, for recoverability and valuation declines that are other than temporary.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments:

The fair value hierarchy distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity and the reporting entity's own assumptions about market participant assumptions.

Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, as well as inputs that are observable for the asset or liability (other than quoted prices), such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Level 3 inputs are


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unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which is typically based on an entity's own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

The Company calculates the fair value of financial instruments and includes this additional information in the notes to consolidated financial statements when the fair value is different than the carrying value of those financial instruments. When the fair value reasonably approximates the carrying value, no additional disclosure is made.

Deferred Charges:

Costs relating to obtaining tenant leases are deferred and amortized over the initial term of the agreement using the straight-line method. As these deferred leasing costs represent productive assets incurred in connection with the Company's provision of leasing arrangements at the Centers, the related cash flows are classified as investing activities within the Company's Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Costs relating to financing of shopping center properties are deferred and amortized over the life of the related loan using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective interest method. In-place lease values are amortized over the remaining lease term plus an estimate of the renewal term. Leasing commissions and legal costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the individual remaining lease years. The ranges of the terms of the agreements are as follows:

Deferred lease costs                 1 - 15 years
Deferred financing costs             1 - 15 years
                                     Remaining lease term plus an estimate for
In-place lease values                renewal
Leasing commissions and legal        5 - 10 years
costs

Results of Operations

Many of the variations in the results of operations, discussed below, occurred due to the foregoing transactions involving the Acquisition Properties, the Joint Venture Centers, the Mervyn's Properties and the Redevelopment Center(s), as defined below. For the comparison of the year ended December 31, 2011 to the year ended December 31, 2010, the "Same Centers" include all Consolidated Centers, excluding the Mervyn's Properties, the Acquisition Properties and the Redevelopment Center as defined below. For the comparison of the year ended December 31, 2010 to the year ended December 31, 2009, the "Same Centers" include all Consolidated Centers, excluding the Mervyn's Properties, the Joint Venture Centers and the Redevelopment Centers as defined below.

For the comparison of the year ended December 31, 2011 to the year ended December 31, 2010, the "Redevelopment Center" is Santa Monica Place. For the comparison of the year ended December 31, 2010 to the year ended December 31, 2009, the "Redevelopment Centers" include Northgate Mall and Santa Monica Place.

One of the principal reasons for the changes in the results of operations, discussed below, from the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009 is because of the change in how the Company classified the Joint Venture Centers. The Joint Venture Centers were classified as Consolidated Centers until the sale of a partial ownership interest in Queens Center and FlatIron Crossing on July 30, 2009 and September 3, 2009, respectively. Therefore, the results of operations of Queens Center for the . . .

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