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| MELI > SEC Filings for MELI > Form 10-Q on 6-Nov-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
6-Nov-2009
Quarterly Report
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements regarding our future performance made in this report are
forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended. Forward-looking statements may relate to such matters as:
• continued growth of online commerce and Internet usage in Latin America;
• our ability to expand our operations and adapt to rapidly changing technologies;
• government regulation;
• litigation and legal liability;
• systems interruptions or failures;
• our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel;
• consumer trends; security breaches and illegal uses of our services;
• competition;
• reliance on third-party service providers;
• enforcement of intellectual property rights;
• our ability to attract new customers, retain existing customers and increase revenues;
• seasonal fluctuations; and
• political, social and economic conditions in Latin America in general, and Venezuela and Argentina in particular, specifically if Venezuela becomes a highly inflationary economy.
These statements are based on currently available information and our current assumptions, expectations and projections about future events. While we believe that our assumptions, expectations and projections are reasonable in view of the currently available information, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance. They are subject to future events, risks and uncertainties - many of which are beyond our control - as well as potentially inaccurate assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations and projections. Some of the material risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations and projections are described in "Item 1A - Risk Factors" in Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 27, 2009, as updated by the discussion in "Item 1A - Risk Factors" in Part II of our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2009 and June 30, 2009 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 11, 2009 and August 7, 2009. You should read that information in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Item 2 of Part I of this report and our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes in Item 1 of Part I of this report. We note such information for investors as permitted by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. There also may be other factors that we cannot anticipate or that are not described in this report, generally because we do not perceive them to be material that could cause results to differ materially from our expectations.
Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we do
not undertake to update these forward-looking statements except as may be
required by law. You are advised, however, to review any further disclosures we
make on related subjects in our periodic filings with the Securities and
Exchange Commission.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations
has been organized to present the following:
• a brief overview of our company;
• a discussion of our principal trends and results of operations for the quarters and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2009;
• a review of our financial presentation and accounting policies, including our critical accounting policies;
• a discussion of the principal factors that influence our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity;
• a discussion of our liquidity and capital resources, capital expenditures and contractual obligations; and
• a discussion of the market risks that we face.
Overview
MercadoLibre, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries "us", "we", "our" or the
"company") hosts the largest online commerce platform in Latin America focused
on enabling e-commerce and its related services. Our services are designed to
provide our users with mechanisms to buy, sell, pay for and collect on
e-commerce transactions effectively and efficiently. With a population of over
550 million people and a region with one of the fastest-growing Internet
penetration rates, we provide buyers and sellers with a robust online commerce
environment that fosters the development of a large and growing e-commerce
community. We offer a technological and commercial solution that addresses the
distinctive cultural and geographic challenges of operating an online commerce
platform in Latin America.
In August 2007, we successfully completed our initial public offering through
which 16,077,185 shares of our common stock were sold at an initial public
offering price of $18.00 per share less an underwriting discount of 4.5%. Out of
that total, 2,608,696 shares of common stock were sold by us and 13,468,489 were
sold by selling shareholders. We, along with certain shareholders, granted to
the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from August 9, 2007, to
purchase up to 2,411,577 additional shares at the public offering price less the
underwriting discount. The option was exercised in full, and of that total, an
additional 391,304 shares were sold by us and 2,020,273 were sold by the selling
shareholders.
We offer our users two principal services:
The MercadoLibre marketplace: The MercadoLibre marketplace, which we sometimes
refer to as our Marketplace business, is a fully-automated, topically-arranged
and user-friendly online commerce service. This service permits both businesses
and individuals to list items and conduct their sales and purchases online in
either a fixed-price or auction-based format. Additionally, through online
classified listings, our registered users can list and purchase motor vehicles,
vessels, aircraft, real estate and services. Users and advertisers are also able
to place display and/or text advertisements on our web pages in order to promote
their brands and offerings. Any Internet user can browse through the various
products and services that are listed on our web site and register with
MercadoLibre to list, bid for and purchase items and services.
The MercadoPago online payments solution: To complement the MercadoLibre
marketplace, we developed MercadoPago, an integrated online payments solution,
which we sometimes refer to as our Payments business. MercadoPago is designed to
facilitate transactions both on and off the MercadoLibre marketplace by
providing a mechanism that allows our users to securely, easily and promptly
send and receive payments online.
We operate in six reporting segments, five of which related to our Marketplace
business and the remainder which relates to our Payment business. Within our
marketplace business, we separately report our operations in each of Brazil,
Argentina, Mexico, Venezuela and other countries (Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Panama, Peru and Uruguay). The operations of our
Payments business, which is available in each of Brazil, Argentina, Mexico,
Chile, Colombia, and Venezuela, are reported in one segment. In addition, we
operate a real estate classifieds platform that covers some areas of Florida,
U.S.A. which is included in our Marketplace business.
Recent Developments
On July 15, 2009, our board of directors adopted the 2009 Long Term Retention
Plan (the "2009 LTRP"). If earned, payments to eligible employees under the 2009
LTRP will be in addition to payments of base salary and cash bonus, if earned,
made to these employees.
In order to receive an award under the 2009 LTRP, each eligible employee must
satisfy the performance conditions established by the board of directors for him
or her. If these conditions are satisfied, the eligible employee will, subject
to his or her continued employment as of each applicable payment date, receive
the full amount of his or her 2009 LTRP bonus, payable as follows:
• the eligible employee will receive a fixed cash payment equal to 6.25% of
his or her 2009 LTRP bonus once a year for a period of eight years
starting in 2010 (the "Annual Fixed Payment"); and
• on each date we pay the Annual Fixed Payment to an eligible employee, he or she will also receive a cash payment (the "Variable Payment") equal to the product of (i) 6.25% of the applicable 2009 LTRP bonus and (ii) the quotient of (a) divided by (b), where (a), the numerator, equals the Applicable Year Stock Price (as defined below) and (b), the denominator, equals the 2008 Stock Price, defined as $13.81, which was the average closing price of the Company's common stock on the NASDAQ Global Market during the final 60 trading days of 2008. The "Applicable Year Stock Price" shall equal the average closing price of the Company's common stock on the NASDAQ Global Market during the final 60 trading days of the year preceding the applicable payment date.
The compensation cost related to the Annual Fixed Payments is recognized on a straight line basis using the equal annual accrual method. The compensation cost related to the Variable Payments is recognized in accordance with the graded-vesting attribution method and is accrued up to each payment day. As of September 30, 2009, the total compensation cost of the 2009 LTRP amounts to approximately $4.5 million and the related accrued compensation expense for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2009 was $823,801. Principal trends in Results of Operations Growth in net revenue over comparable periods from year to year Since our inception, we have consistently generated revenue growth from the MercadoLibre marketplace and from MercadoPago, driven by the growth of our key operational metrics. Our net revenues for the three-month period ended September 30, 2009, as compared to the same period for 2008, increased by 16.9% and 58.3% for the MercadoLibre marketplace and MercadoPago payments platform, respectively. We believe that the growth in net revenues should continue in the future. However, despite this positive historical trend, current weak global macro-economic conditions, coupled with devaluations of certain local currencies in Latin America versus the U.S. dollar, and high interest rates, could lead to declining year-to-year net revenues, particularly as measured in U.S. dollars.
Increased diversification of revenues
Revenues from our Payments business have been increasing at a faster rate than
our revenues from our Marketplace business, and we anticipate this trend to
continue long term. For the three-month periods ended September 30, 2009 and
2008, payments represented 26.7% and 21.2% of net revenues, respectively.
However, this trend is sensitive to macroeconomic fluctuations, including
interest rate fluctuations for consumer credit. Accordingly, this revenue
diversification trend may be interrupted during economic periods where there are
higher costs of lending.
Gross profit margins
Our business has generated sustained high gross profit margins over time, as
defined by total net revenues minus total cost of net revenues, as a percentage
of net revenues. Historically, gains in gross profit margins have been mainly
attributable to increased economies of scale in customer service, Internet
Service Provider ("ISP") connectivity and site operations, improved economic
terms obtained from payment processors as well as increases in interest fees
that we charge our MercadoPago buyers.
Our gross profit margin was 79.5% for the three-month period ended September 30,
2009 as compared to 79.7% for the same period in 2008, mainly as a result of a
faster growth in our Payments business as compared to our marketplace business.
Our Payments business has a lower gross profit margin than our Marketplace
business. In the future, gross profit margins could continue to decline if the
cost of net revenues as a percentage of net revenues increases as our Payments
business grows faster than our Marketplace business, if we cannot sustain the
economies of scale that we have achieved, or if we decrease the interest fees
charged.
Additionally in the third quarter of 2009, our gross profit margin was
negatively impacted by the re-measurement of U.S. dollar denominated expenses of
our Venezuelan subsidiaries discussed in detail below.
Operating income margins
We have generated and expect to continue generating economies of scale in
operating expenses. For the three-month period ended September 30, 2009, our
operating income margins, defined as income from operations as a percentage of
net revenues, increased from 29.0% in the third quarter of 2008, to 37.5% in the
third quarter of 2009 driven by the impact of these economies of scale.
For the three-month period ended September 30, 2009, our operating expense
margins, defined as operating expenses as a percentage of net revenues,
decreased from 50.7% during the third quarter in 2008 to 41.9% in the third
quarter 2009. We anticipate, however, that as we continue to invest in product
development, sales and marketing and human resources in order to promote our
services and capture the long term business opportunity offered by the Internet
in Latin America, it is increasingly difficult to sustain growth in operating
income margins, and at some point in the future we could experience decreasing
operating income margins.
Growth in Net Income
We have generated growth in our net income as a consequence of the
abovementioned trends. For the three-month period ended September 30, 2009 and
2008, net income was $9.9 million and $5.9 million, respectively, a growth of
$4.0 million or 67.7% from the 2008 third quarter to the 2009 third quarter.
However, as mentioned above, if any of these trends were to revert, our net
income growth could be affected, or could even become negative on a year-to-year
basis.
Description of line items
Net revenues
We recognize revenues in each of our reporting segments. The MercadoLibre
Marketplace segments include Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Venezuela and other
countries (Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Panama,
Peru and Uruguay). The MercadoPago segment includes our regional payments
platform consisting of our MercadoPago business.
Historically, we have generated revenues from the MercadoLibre marketplace
segments from:
• listing fees;
• optional feature fees;
• final value fees; and
• online advertising fees.
During the third quarter of 2009, we modified our pricing structure by replacing
our previous listing fees and optional feature fees for consolidated up-front
fees which bundle these features. We now offer three types of up-front fees for
three different combinations of placement and features. Up-front fees are
charged at the time the listing is uploaded onto our platform and is not subject
to successful sale of the items listed. Following this fee structure
modification, revenues for the MercadoLibre marketplace segments are now
generated by:
• up front fees;
• final value fees; and
• online advertising fees.
The following table summarizes our business margin for the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2009 and 2008:
Nine Months Ended Three Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2009 2008 2009 2008
Net Revenues breakdown by businesses
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Revenues generated by our Payments business are attributable to commissions
charged to buyers and sellers for the use of MercadoPago. We generate revenues
from our MercadoPago Payments segment by charging users a commission and a
financial charge when the user elects to pay in installments, which we
recognize, in both cases, once the transaction is completed. During the
three-month period ended September 30, 2009, commission and installment-related
financial charges averaged 6.2% and 5.7%, respectively, of the payment amounts
made by the user through MercadoPago.
We have a highly fragmented customer revenue base given the large numbers of
sellers and buyers who use our platforms. For the three-month and nine-month
period ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, no single customer accounted for more
than 1.0% of our net revenues in our MercadoLibre Marketplace business or our
MercadoPago Payments business. Our MercadoLibre marketplace is available in
twelve countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela), and MercadoPago
is available in six countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and
Venezuela). The functional currency in each country's operations is the local
currency. See "Critical accounting policies and estimates - Foreign Currency
Translation" included in this report. Therefore, our net revenues are generated
in multiple foreign currencies and then translated into U.S. dollars at the
average monthly exchange rate.
Our subsidiaries in Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela and Colombia are subject to
certain taxes on revenues which are classified as costs of net revenues. These
taxes represented 6.3% of net revenues for the three-month period ended
September 30, 2009.
Cost of net revenues
Cost of net revenues primarily represents bank and credit card processing
charges for transactions and fees paid with credit cards and other payment
methods, certain taxes on revenues, compensation for customer support personnel,
ISP connectivity charges, depreciation and amortization and hosting and site
operation fees.
Product and technology development expenses
Our product and technology development related expenses consist primarily of
depreciation and amortization costs related to product and technology
development, compensation for our engineering and web-development staff,
telecommunications costs and payments to third-party suppliers who provide
technology maintenance services to our company.
Sales and marketing expenses
Our sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of marketing costs for our
platforms through online and offline advertising, bad debt charges, the salaries
of employees involved in these activities, public relations costs, marketing
activities for our users and depreciation and amortization costs.
We carry out the vast majority of our marketing efforts on the Internet. In that
context, we enter in agreements with portals, search engines, ad networks and
other sites in order to attract Internet users to the MercadoLibre marketplace
and convert them into confirmed registered users and active traders on our
platform. Additionally, we invest a portion of our marketing budget on cable
television advertising in order to improve our brand awareness and to complement
our online efforts.
We also work intensively on attracting, developing and growing our seller
community through our supply efforts. We have dedicated professionals in most of
our operations that work with sellers, through trade show participation,
seminars and meetings to provide them with important tools and skills to become
effective sellers on our platform.
General and administrative expenses
Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries for
management and administrative staff, compensation for outside directors, long
term retention plan compensation, expenses for legal, accounting and other
professional services, insurance expenses, office space rental expenses, travel
and business expenses, as well as depreciation and amortization costs. General
and administrative expenses include the costs of the following areas of our
company: general management, finance, administration, accounting, legal and
human resources.
Compensation Cost related to acquisitions
As part of our acquisition of Classified Media Group, Inc. ("CMG"), which closed
in the second quarter of 2008, we entered into a management escrow agreement to
secure the obligations of the CMG shareholders that remained as managers. We
accrued those compensation expenses as operating expenses, instead of
considering them part of the purchase price. (See Note 4 to our unaudited
condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report).
Other income (expenses)
Other income (expenses) consists of interest expense (interest expense relating
to the working capital requirements for our MercadoPago operations are recorded
as interest expense and not as cost of net revenues) and other financial
charges, interest income derived primarily from our investments and cash
equivalents, foreign currency gains or losses, the effect of changes in the fair
value of derivative instruments, and other non-operating results.
Income and asset tax
We are subject to federal and state taxes in the United States, as well as
foreign taxes in the multiple jurisdictions where we operate. Our tax
obligations consist of current and deferred income taxes and asset taxes
incurred in these jurisdictions. We account for income taxes following the
liability method of accounting. Therefore, our income tax expense consists of
taxes currently payable, if any (given that in certain jurisdictions we still
have net operating loss carry-forwards), plus the change during the period in
our deferred tax assets and liabilities.
Critical accounting policies and estimates
The preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and
related notes requires us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that
affect our reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and
related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We have based our
estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we
believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the
basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities
that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our management has discussed
the development, selection and disclosure of these estimates with our audit
committee and board of directors. Actual results may differ from these estimates
under different assumptions or conditions.
An accounting policy is considered to be critical if it requires an accounting
estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain
at the time the estimate is made, and if different estimates that reasonably
could have been used, or changes in the accounting estimates that are reasonably
likely to occur periodically, could materially impact our condensed consolidated
financial statements. We believe that the following critical accounting policies
reflect the more significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation
of our condensed consolidated financial statements. You should read the
following descriptions of critical accounting policies, judgments and estimates
in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements,
the notes there to and other disclosures included in this report.
Foreign Currency Translation
All of our foreign operations have determined the local currency as their
functional currency. Accordingly, these foreign subsidiaries translate assets
and liabilities from their local currencies to U.S. dollars using period/year
end exchange rates while income and expense accounts are translated at the
average rates in effect during the period/year. The resulting translation
adjustment is recorded as part of other comprehensive income (loss), a component
of shareholders' equity. Gains and losses resulting from transactions
denominated in non-functional currencies are recognized in earnings. Net foreign
currency transaction losses are included in the consolidated statements of
income under the caption "Foreign currency loss".
The Venezuelan subsidiaries maintain a foreign currency denominated asset in the
form of US dollar denominated cash and cash equivalents. In accordance with our
stated accounting policy, this investment should first be re-measured into its
functional currency "Bolivares Fuertes". Upon re-measurement into its functional
currency, the investment will then be translated into the reporting currency of
the Company (US Dollar). These assets were re-measured at the September 30, 2009
parallel exchange rate of 5.42 "Bolivares Fuertes" per US dollar (at
December 31, 2008 the parallel exchange rate was 5.4 "Bolivares Fuertes" per US
dollar). Further, the Venezuelan subsidiaries assets, liabilities, income and
expense accounts were translated at the rate applicable for dividend
remittances, which at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 was the official
rate of 2.15 "Bolivares Fuertes" per US dollar. According to the International
Practices Task Force Joint Meeting with SEC Staff of June 2, 2008, the existence
of a parallel market does not constitute unusual circumstances potentially
justifying the use of an exchange rate other than the official rate for purposes
of foreign currency translation. Accordingly, the foreign currency effect on
assets is included in "Other non-current assets" in the consolidated balance
sheet, and is the result of applying the Company's accounting policy for the
related asset.
In May 2009, the International Practices Task Force discussed the highly
inflationary status of the Venezuelan economy as regarding inflation. In the
event a country's cumulative three year inflation rate exceeds 100%, it would
qualify as a "highly inflationary economy" and the accounting rules would
require that the reporting currency of the parent be assumed to be the
functional currency of a foreign entity. Historically, the Task Force has used
the Consumer Price Index (CPI) when considering the inflationary status of the
Venezuelan economy. The CPI has existed since 1984. However, the CPI covers only
the cities of Caracas and Maracaibo. Commencing on January 1, 2008, the National
Consumer Price Index (NCPI) was established to cover the entire country of
Venezuela. Since inflation data is not available to compute a cumulative three
year inflation rate for the entire country solely based on the NCPI, our
accounting policy is to use a blended rate using the NCPI and CPI to calculate
Venezuelan inflation rate.
The cumulative three year inflation rate as of September 30, 2009 was calculated
using the CPI information for periods before January 1, 2008 and NCPI
information for the periods after January 1, 2008. The resulting three-year
cumulative inflation rate ("blended NCPI and CPI rate") is 97.41% for the period
ending September 30, 2009. When NCPI data is available for the three years
ending December 31, 2010 and thereafter, the NCPI will be used to calculate
Venezuelan inflationary status because it represents a broader-based measure of
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