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GSAT > SEC Filings for GSAT > Form 10-Q on 6-Nov-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for GLOBALSTAR, INC.


6-Nov-2009

Quarterly Report


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained in or incorporated by reference into this Report, other than purely historical information, including, but not limited to, estimates, projections, statements relating to our business plans, objectives and expected operating results, and the assumptions upon which those statements are based, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements generally are identified by the words "believe," "project," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "intend," "strategy," "plan," "may," "should," "will," "would," "will be," "will continue," "will likely result," and similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties which may cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements, such as the statements regarding our ability to develop and expand our business, our ability to manage costs, our ability to exploit and respond to technological innovation, the effects of laws and regulations (including tax laws and regulations) and legal and regulatory changes, the opportunities for strategic business combinations and the effects of consolidation in our industry on us and our competitors, our anticipated future revenues, our anticipated capital spending (including for future satellite procurements and launches), our anticipated financial resources, our expectations about the future operational performance of our satellites (including their projected operational lives), the expected strength of and growth prospects for our existing customers and the markets that we serve, and our ability to obtain additional financing, if needed and other statements contained in this Report regarding matters that are not historical facts, involve predictions. Risks and uncertainties that could cause or contribute to such differences include, without limitation, those in Part II. Item 1A. Risk Factors in this Report or incorporated by reference into this Report, including those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.

Although we believe that the forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this Report are based upon reasonable assumptions, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this Report may not occur, and actual results could differ materially from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.

New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events or performance. We cannot assure you that the events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.

This "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition" should be read in conjunction with the "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition" and information included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.

Overview

We are a provider of mobile voice and data communication services via satellite. Our communications platform extends telecommunications beyond the boundaries of terrestrial wireline and wireless telecommunications networks to serve our customer's desire for connectivity. Using in-orbit satellites and ground stations, which we call gateways, we offer voice and data communications services to government agencies, businesses and other customers in over 120 countries.


Material Trends and Uncertainties. Our satellite communications business, by providing critical mobile communications to our subscribers, serves principally the following markets: government, public safety and disaster relief; recreation and personal; oil and gas; maritime and fishing; natural resources, mining and forestry; construction; utilities; and transportation. Our industry has been growing as a result of:

· favorable market reaction to new pricing plans with lower service charges;

· awareness of the need for remote communication services;

· increased demand for communication services by disaster and relief agencies and emergency first responders;

· improved voice and data transmission quality;

· a general reduction in prices of user equipment; and

· innovative data products and services.

Nonetheless, as further described under Part II. Item 1A "Risk Factors," we face a number of challenges and uncertainties, including:

· Constellation life and health. Our current satellite constellation is aging. We successfully launched our eight spare satellites in 2007. All of our satellites launched prior to 2007 have experienced various anomalies over time, one of which is a degradation in the performance of the solid-state power amplifiers of the S-band communications antenna subsystem (our "two-way communication issues"). The S-band antenna provides the downlink from the satellite to a subscriber's phone or data terminal. Degraded performance of the S-band antenna amplifiers reduces the availability of two-way voice and data communication between the affected satellites and the subscriber and may reduce the duration of a call. When the S-band antenna on a satellite ceases to be functional, two-way communication is impossible over that satellite, but not necessarily over the constellation as a whole. We continue to provide two-way subscriber service because some of our satellites are fully functional but at certain times in any given location it may take longer to establish calls and the average duration of calls may be reduced. There are periods of time each day during which no two-way voice and data service is available at any particular location. The root cause of our two-way communication issues is unknown, although we believe it may result from irradiation of the satellites in orbit caused by the space environment at the altitude that our satellites operate.

The decline in the quality of two-way communication does not affect adversely our one-way Simplex data transmission services, including our SPOT satellite GPS messenger products and services, which utilize only the L-band uplink from a subscriber's Simplex terminal to the satellites. The signal is transmitted back down from the satellites on our C-band feeder links, which are functioning normally, not on our S-band service downlinks.

We continue to work on plans, including new products and services and pricing programs to mitigate the effects of reduced service availability upon our customers and operations until our second-generation satellites are deployed. See "Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors-Our satellites have a limited life and some have failed, which causes our network to be compromised and which materially and adversely affects our business, prospects and profitability."

· Launch delays. Thales Alenia Space has informed us of a force majeure event that has affected its satellite delivery schedule which will result in a satellite delivery delay. A major earthquake in Italy in April 2009 damaged its satellite component fabrication facility in l'Aquila, Italy, but none of Globalstar's satellites nor its components. We believe that this delay will not have a material adverse effect on our operations and business plan because we are able to defer a significant portion of our capital expense unrelated to the launch and construction of our satellites. Thales Alenia Space may be able to accelerate the satellite delivery schedule over the next few months. We believe this result is achievable. We currently expect the launch of the first six second-generation satellites to take place in the summer of 2010 with the launch campaign, consisting of a total of 24 satellites, to be completed in the spring of 2011.


· The economy. The current recession and its effects on credit markets and consumer spending is adversely affecting sales of our products and services.

· Competition and pricing pressures. We face increased competition from both the expansion of terrestrial-based cellular phone systems and from other mobile satellite service providers. For example, Inmarsat plans to commence offering satellite services to handheld devices in the United States in 2010, and several competitors, such as ICO Global and TerreStar, are constructing or have launched geostationary satellites that provide mobile satellite service. Increased numbers of competitors, and the introduction of new services and products by competitors, increases competition for subscribers and pressures all providers, including us, to reduce prices. Increased competition may result in loss of subscribers, decreased revenue, decreased gross margins, higher churn rates, and, ultimately, decreased profitability and cash.

· Technological changes. It is difficult for us to respond promptly to major technological innovations by our competitors because substantially modifying or replacing our basic technology, satellites or gateways is time-consuming and very expensive. Approximately 71% of our total assets at September 30, 2009 represented fixed assets. Although we plan to procure and deploy our second-generation satellite constellation and upgrade our gateways and other ground facilities, we may nevertheless become vulnerable to the successful introduction of superior technology by our competitors.

· Capital Expenditures. We have incurred significant capital expenditures from 2007 through September 30, 2009, and we expect to incur additional significant expenditures through 2013 to complete and launch our second-generation constellation and related upgrades.

· Introduction of new products. We work continuously with the manufacturers of the products we sell to offer our customers innovative and improved products. Virtually all engineering, research and development costs of these new products are paid by the manufacturers. However, to the extent the costs are reflected in increased inventory costs to us, and we are unable to raise our prices to our subscribers correspondingly, our margins and profitability would be reduced.

Simplex Products (Personal Tracking Services and Emergency Messaging). In early November 2007, we introduced the SPOT satellite GPS messenger, aimed at attracting both the recreational and commercial markets that require personal tracking, emergency location and messaging solutions for users that require these services beyond the range of traditional terrestrial and wireless communications. Using the Globalstar Simplex network and web-based mapping software, this device provides consumers with the capability to trace or map the location of the user on Google Maps™. The product enables users to transmit messages to specific preprogrammed email addresses, phone or data devices, and to request assistance in the event of an emergency. On July 21, 2009, we introduced our SPOT 2.0 with new features and improved functionality. We are continuing to work on additional SPOT-like applications.

· SPOT Satellite GPS Messenger Addressable Market

We believe the addressable market for our SPOT satellite GPS messenger products and services in North America alone is approximately 50 million units consisting primarily of outdoor enthusiasts. Our objective is to capture 2-3% of that market in the next few years. The reach of our Simplex System, on which our SPOT satellite GPS messenger products and services rely, covers approximately 60% of the world population. We intend to market our SPOT satellite GPS messenger products and services aggressively in our overseas markets including South and Central America, Western Europe, and through independent gateway operators in their respective territories.

· SPOT Satellite GPS Messenger Pricing

We intend the pricing for SPOT satellite GPS messenger products and services and equipment to be very attractive in the consumer marketplace. Annual service fees, depending whether they are for domestic or international service, currently range from $99.99 to approximately $150.00 for our basic level plan, and $149.98 to approximately $168.00 with additional tracking capability. The equipment is sold to end users at $149.99 to approximately $225.00 per unit (subject to foreign currency rates). Our distributors set their own retail prices for SPOT satellite GPS messenger equipment.


· SPOT Satellite GPS Messenger Distribution

We are distributing and selling our SPOT satellite GPS messenger through a variety of existing and new distribution channels. We have distribution relationships with a number of "Big Box" retailers and other similar distribution channels including Amazon.com, Bass Pro Shops, Best Buy, Pep Boys, Big 5 Sporting Goods, Big Rock Sports, Cabela's, Campmor, London Drugs, Gander Mountain, REI, Sportsman's Warehouse, Wal-Mart.com, West Marine, DBL Distributing, D.H. Distributing, and CWR Electronics. We currently sell SPOT satellite GPS messenger products through approximately 10,000 distribution points. We also sell directly using our existing sales force into key vertical markets and through our direct e-commerce website (www.findmespot.com).

SPOT satellite GPS messenger products and services have been on the market for only twenty-three months in North America and their commercial introduction and their commercial success globally cannot be assured.

· Fluctuations in currency rates. A substantial portion of our revenue (31% and 34% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2009, respectively) is denominated in foreign currencies. In addition, certain obligations under the contracts for our second-generation constellation and related control network facility are denominated in Euros. Any decline in the relative value of the U.S. dollar may adversely affect our revenues and increase our capital expenditures. See "Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk" for additional information.

· Ancillary Terrestrial Component (ATC). ATC is the integration of a satellite-based service with a terrestrial wireless service resulting in a hybrid mobile satellite service. The ATC network would extend our services to urban areas and inside buildings in both urban and rural areas where satellite services currently are impractical. We believe we are at the forefront of ATC development and expect to be the first market entrant through our contract with Open Range described below. In addition, we are considering a range of options for rollout of our ATC services. We are exploring selective opportunities with a variety of media and communication companies to capture the full potential of our spectrum and U.S. ATC license.

On October 31, 2007, we entered into an agreement with Open Range Communications, Inc. that permits Open Range to deploy service in certain rural geographic markets in the United States under our ATC authority. Open Range will use our spectrum to offer dual mode mobile satellite based and terrestrial wireless WiMAX services to over 500 rural American communities. On December 2, 2008, we amended our agreement with Open Range. The amended agreement reduced our preferred equity commitment to Open Range from $5 million to $3 million (which investment was made in the form of bridge loans that converted into preferred equity at the closing of Open Range's equity financing). Under the agreement as amended, Open Range will have the right to use a portion of our spectrum within the United States and, if Open Range so elects, it can use the balance of our spectrum authorized for ATC services, to provide these services. Open Range has options to expand this relationship over the next six years, some of which are conditional upon Open Range electing to use all of the licensed spectrum covered by the agreement. Commercial availability is expected to begin in selected markets in the first half of 2010. The initial term of the agreement of up to 30 years is co-extensive with our ATC authority and is subject to renewal options exercisable by Open Range. Either party may terminate the agreement before the end of the term upon the occurrence of certain events, and Open Range may terminate it at any time upon payment of a termination fee that is based upon a percentage of the remaining lease payments. Based on Open Range's business plan used in support of its $267 million loan under a federally authorized loan program, the fixed and variable payments to be made by Open Range over the initial term of 30 years indicate a value for this agreement between $0.30 and $0.40/MHz/POP. Open Range satisfied the conditions to implementation of the agreement on January 12, 2009 when it completed its equity and debt financing, consisting of a $267 million broadband loan from the Department of Agriculture Rural Utilities Program and equity financing of $100 million. Open Range has remitted to us its initial down payment of $2 million. Open Range's annual payments in the first six years of the agreement will range from approximately $0.6 million to up to $10.3 million, assuming it elects to use all of the licensed spectrum covered by the agreement. The amount of the payments that we will receive from Open Range will depend on a number of factors, including the eventual geographic coverage of and the number of customers on the Open Range system.

In addition to our agreement with Open Range, we hope to exploit additional ATC monetization strategies and opportunities in urban markets or in suburban areas that are not the subject of our agreement with Open Range. Our system is flexible enough to allow us to use different technologies and network architectures in different geographic areas.


Service and Equipment Sales Revenues. The table below sets forth amounts and percentages of our revenue by type of service and equipment sales for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 (dollars in thousands).

                                Three months ended                 Three months ended                 Nine months ended                  Nine months ended
                                September 30, 2009                 September 30, 2008                 September 30, 2009                 September 30, 2008
                                             % of Total                         % of Total                         % of Total                         % of Total
                            Revenue           Revenue          Revenue           Revenue          Revenue           Revenue          Revenue           Revenue

Service Revenue:
Mobile                    $      7,215                41 %   $      9,976                44 %   $     20,501                42 %   $     33,199                49 %
Fixed                              571                 3              920                 4            1,821                 4            2,817                 4
Data                               160                 1              174                 1              450                 1              600                 1
Simplex                          3,684                21            1,838                 8            9,246                19            4,239                 6
IGO                                (33 )               -              889                 4              803                 2            2,617                 4
Other(1)                         1,663                10            2,353                10            4,132                 8            5,361                 8
Total Service Revenue           13,260                76           16,150                71           36,953                76           48,833                72

Equipment Sales:
Mobile                             492                 3            2,043                 9            2,111                 4            6,383                 9
Fixed                               46                 -              162                 1              159                 -            1,053                 2
Data and Simplex                 1,840                11            1,936                 9            6,136                13            6,471                10
Accessories                      1,883                10            2,234                10            3,041                 7            4,918                 7
Total Equipment Sales            4,261                24            6,375                29           11,447                24           18,825                28

Total Revenue             $     17,521               100 %   $     22,525               100 %   $     48,400               100 %   $     67,658               100 %



(1) Includes engineering services and activation fees

Subscribers and ARPU for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008. The following table set forth our average number of subscribers and ARPU for retail, IGO and Simplex customers for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008. The following numbers are subject to immaterial rounding inherent in calculating averages.

                                  Three months ended                          Nine months ended
                                    September 30,                               September 30,
                                                      % Net                                       % Net
                          2009          2008          Change          2009          2008          Change
Average number of
subscribers for the
period:

Retail                    111,203       119,222             (7 )%     112,792       178,448            (37 ) %
IGO                        67,545        76,101            (11 )       72,538       120,488            (40 )
Simplex                   198,151       127,328             56        181,026       161,802             12

ARPU (monthly):

Retail                  $   27.60     $   35.32            (22 )    $   25.49     $   37.34            (32 )
IGO                     $   (0.16 )   $    3.89            N/A      $    1.23     $    3.62            (66 )
Simplex                 $    6.11     $    4.85             26      $    5.63     $    4.36             29



                                  September 30,        September 30,
                                       2009                 2008           % Net Change
 Ending number of subscribers:

 Retail                                   110,293              118,802                (7 )%
 IGO                                       65,598               74,272               (12 )
 Simplex                                  206,422              136,314                51
 Total                                    382,313              329,388                16 %

The total number of net subscribers increased from 329,388 at September 30, 2008 to 382,313 at September 30, 2009. Although we experienced a net increase in our total customer base of 16% from September 30, 2008 to September 30, 2009, our total service revenue decreased for the same period. This is due primarily to reduction of our prices in response to our two-way communication issues in addition to the change in our product mix.


Independent Gateway Acquisition Strategy

Currently, 13 of the 27 gateways in our network are owned and operated by unaffiliated companies, which we call independent gateway operators, some of whom operate more than one gateway. Except for the new gateway in Nigeria, in which we will hold a 30% equity interest, we have no financial interest in these independent gateway operators other than arms' length contracts for wholesale minutes of service. Some of these independent gateway operators have been unable to grow their businesses adequately due in part to limited resources. Old Globalstar initially developed the independent gateway operator acquisition strategy to establish operations in multiple territories with reduced demands on its capital. In addition, there are territories in which for political or other reasons, it is impractical for us to operate directly. We sell services to the independent gateway operators on a wholesale basis and they resell them to their customers on a retail basis.

We have acquired, and intend to continue to pursue the acquisition of, independent gateway operators when we believe we can do so on favorable terms and the current independent operator has expressed a desire to sell its assets to us, subject to capital availability. We believe that these acquisitions can enhance our results of operations in three respects. First, we believe that, with our greater financial and technical resources, we can grow our subscriber base and revenue faster than some of the independent gateway operators. Second, we realize greater margin on retail sales to individual subscribers than we do on wholesale sales to independent gateway operators. Third, we believe expanding the territory we serve directly will better position us to market our services directly to multinational customers who require a global communications provider.

However, acquisitions of independent gateway operators do require us to commit capital for acquisition of their assets, as well as management resources and working capital to support the gateway operations, and therefore increase our risk in operating in these territories directly rather than through the independent gateway operators. In addition, operating the acquired gateways increases our marketing, general and administrative expenses. Our Facility Agreement limits to $25.0 million the aggregate amount of cash we may invest in foreign acquisitions without the consent of our lenders and requires us to satisfy certain conditions in connection with any acquisition.

In March 2008, we acquired an independent gateway operator that owns three satellite gateway ground stations in Brazil for $6.5 million, paid in shares of our Common Stock. We also incurred transaction costs of $0.3 million related to this acquisition. On June 24, 2009, we entered into a business transfer agreement with LG Dacom, the independent gateway operator in Korea, to acquire its gateway and other Globalstar assets for approximately $1 million in cash. No closing has been set for the Korean acquisition. We are unable to predict the timing or cost of further acquisitions because independent gateway operations vary in size and value.

Performance Indicators

Our management reviews and analyzes several key performance indicators in order to manage our business and assess the quality of and potential variability of our earnings and cash flows. These key performance indicators include:

· total revenue, which is an indicator of our overall business growth;

· subscriber growth and churn rate, which are both indicators of the satisfaction of our customers;

· average monthly revenue per unit, or ARPU, which is an indicator of our pricing and ability to obtain effectively long-term, high-value customers. We calculate ARPU separately for each of our retail, IGO and Simplex businesses;

. . .

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