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PLUS > SEC Filings for PLUS > Form 10-Q on 5-Nov-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for EPLUS INC


5-Nov-2009

Quarterly Report


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This discussion is intended to further the reader's understanding of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations. It should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2009 (the "2009 Annual Report"). These historical financial statements may not be indicative of our future performance. This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains a number of forward-looking statements, all of which are based on our current expectations and could be affected by the uncertainties and risks described in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors," in our 2009 Annual Report.

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

Business Description

ePlus and its consolidated subsidiaries provide leading IT products and services, flexible leasing solutions, and enterprise supply management to enable our customers to optimize their IT infrastructure and supply chain processes. Our revenues are composed of sales of product and services, sales of leased equipment, lease revenues, fee and other income. Our operations are conducted through two business segments: our technology sales business unit and our financing business unit.

Financial Summary

During the three months ended September 30, 2009, total revenue decreased 12.3% to $172.7 million compared to the same period in 2008, as a result of an overall softening in the economy, which delayed our customers' investment in capital equipment. Total revenue included patent and license settlement income of $3.4 million for a patent infringement lawsuit that we filed against several parties. The earnings from these types of transactions in a particular period may not be indicative of the earnings that can be expected in future periods. During the three months ended September 30, 2009, total costs and expenses decreased 11.9% to $163.9 million while net earnings decreased 22.1% to $5.0 million as compared to the same period in 2008. During the six months ended September 30, 2009, total revenue decreased 14.2% to $325.1 million, total costs and expenses decreased 13.5% to $313.0 million while net earnings decreased 31.8% to $6.9 million as compared to the same period in 2008.

Gross margin for product and services was 14.6% during the three months ended September 30, 2009 as compared to 14.0% during the three months ended September 30, 2008. Gross margin for product and services was 14.4% during the six months ended September 30, 2009 as compared to 13.6% during the six months ended September 30, 2008. Our gross margin on sales of product and services was affected by our customers' investment in technology equipment, the mix and volume of products sold and changes in incentives provided to us by manufacturers. Cash decreased $19.4 million or 18.0% to $88.3 million at September 30, 2009 compared to March 31, 2009. The decrease in cash was due, in part, to a gradual increase in sales during the current fiscal year, which increased accounts receivable and inventory; the deferment of non-recourse financing associated with certain lease investments to increase interest earnings and a corresponding growth in lease investments; and our share repurchase program.

The United States and other countries around the world have been experiencing deteriorating economic conditions, including unprecedented financial market disruption. As a result of the financial crisis in the credit markets, softness in the housing markets, difficulties in the financial services sector and continuing economic uncertainties, the direction and relative strength of the U.S. economy has become increasingly uncertain. This has caused our current and potential customers to delay or reduce technology purchases, which has reduced sales of our products and services. Continuing deterioration of economic conditions could cause our current and potential customers to further delay or reduce technology purchases and result in longer sales cycles, slower adoption of new technologies and increased price competition. Restrictions on credit may impact economic activity and our results. Credit risk associated with our customers and vendors may also be adversely impacted. In addition, although we do not anticipate the need for additional capital in the near term due to our current financial position, financial market disruption may adversely affect our access to additional capital.


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Business Unit Overview

Technology Sales Business Unit

The technology sales business unit sells information technology equipment and software and related services primarily to corporate customers, state and local governments, and higher education institutions on a nationwide basis, with geographic concentrations relating to our physical locations. The technology sales business unit also provides Internet-based business-to-business supply chain management solutions for information technology products.

Our technology sales business unit derives revenue from the sales of new equipment and service engagements. These revenues are reflected on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations under sales of product and services and fee and other income. Customers who purchase information technology equipment from us may have Master Purchase Agreements ("MPAs") with us which stipulate the terms and conditions of our relationship. Some MPAs contain pricing arrangements. However, the MPAs do not contain purchase volume commitments and most have 30-day termination for convenience clauses. Our other customers place orders using purchase orders without an MPA in place or with other documentation customary for the business. Our services engagements are often governed by Master Services Agreements ("MSAs") which may contain specific Statements of Work ("SOWs") and other terms and conditions customary in the business. Often, our work with governments is based on public bids and our written bid responses. A substantial portion of our sales of product and services are from sales of CISCO, Hewlett Packard and Sun Microsystem products, which represented approximately 40%, 18% and 5% of sales of products and services, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2009, as compared to 42%, 19% and 4% of sales of products and services, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2008.

Included in the sales of product and services in our technology sales business unit are certain service revenues that are bundled with sales of equipment and are integral to the successful delivery of such equipment. Our service engagements are generally governed by SOWs and MSAs, and are primarily fixed price (with allowance for changes); however, some service agreements are based on time and materials.

We endeavor to minimize the cost of sales in our technology sales business unit through vendor consideration programs provided by manufacturers and other incentives provided by our distributors. The programs are generally governed by our reseller authorization level with the manufacturer. The authorization level we achieve and maintain governs the types of products we can resell as well as such items as pricing received, funds provided for the marketing of these products and other special promotions. These authorization levels are achieved by us through sales volume, certifications held by sales executives or engineers and/or contractual commitments by us. The authorizations are costly to maintain and these programs continually change and, therefore, there is no guarantee of future reductions of costs provided by these vendor consideration programs. We currently maintain the following authorization levels with our major manufacturers:


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       Manufacturer           Manufacturer Authorization Level

       Hewlett Packard        HP Preferred Elite Partner (National)
       Cisco Systems          Cisco Gold DVAR (National)
                              Advanced Wireless LAN
                              Advanced Unified Communications
                              Advanced Data Center Storage Networking
                              Advanced Routing and Switching
                              Advanced Security
                              ATP Video Surveillance
                              ATP Telepresence
                              ATP Rich Media Communications
                              Master Security Specialization
                              Master UC Specialization
                              Master Managed Services Partner
       Microsoft              Microsoft Gold (National)
       Sun Microsystems       Sun SPA Executive Partner (National)
                              Sun National Strategic Data Center Authorized
       IBM                    Premier IBM Business Partner (National)
       Lenovo                 Lenovo Premium (National)
       NetApp                 NetApp STAR Partner
       Citrix Systems, Inc.   Citrix Gold (National)

We also generate revenue in our technology sales business unit through hosting arrangements and sales of our software. These revenues are reflected on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations under fee and other income. In addition, fee and other income may result from: (1) income from events that occur after the initial sale of a financial asset; (2) remarketing fees; (3) brokerage fees earned for the placement of financing transactions; (4) agent fees received from various manufacturers; (5) settlement fees related to disputes or litigation; and (6) interest and other miscellaneous income.

Financing Business Unit

The financing business unit offers lease financing solutions to corporations and governmental entities nationwide. The financing business unit derives revenue from leasing primarily information technology equipment and sales of leased equipment. These revenues are reflected on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations under lease revenues and sales of leased equipment.

Lease revenues consist of rentals due under operating leases, amortization of unearned income on direct financing and sales-type leases and sales of leased assets to lessees. The types of revenue and costs recognized by us are determined by each lease contract's individual classification. Each lease is classified as either a direct financing lease, sales-type lease, or operating lease, as appropriate.

· For direct financing and sales-type leases, we record the net investment in leases, which consists of the sum of the minimum lease payments, initial direct costs (direct financing leases only), and unguaranteed residual value (gross investment) less the unearned income. The difference between the gross investment and the cost of the leased equipment for direct financing leases is recorded as unearned income at the inception of the lease. The unearned income is amortized over the life of the lease using the interest method. Under sales-type leases, the difference between the fair value and cost of the leased property plus initial direct costs (net margins) is recorded as revenue at the inception of the lease.

· For operating leases, rental amounts are accrued on a straight-line basis over the lease term and are recognized as lease revenue.

In some direct financing lease transactions, where the non-recourse debt associated with the lease may be assigned to a lender, and the transfer of financial assets in these transactions meet the criteria for surrender of control, the
lease and non-recourse debt, if any, is accounted for as a sale for financial reporting purposes.


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Sales of leased equipment represent revenue from the sales to a third party other than the lessee of equipment subject to a lease in which we are the lessor. Such sales of equipment may have the effect of increasing revenues and net income during the quarter in which the sale occurs, and reducing revenues and net income otherwise expected in subsequent quarters. If the rental stream on such lease has non-recourse debt associated with it, sales revenue is recorded at the amount of consideration received, net of the amount of debt assumed by the purchaser. If there is no non-recourse debt associated with the rental stream, sales revenue is recorded at the amount of gross consideration received, and costs of sales is recorded at the book value of the lease.

Fluctuations in Revenues

Our results of operations are susceptible to fluctuations for a number of reasons, including, without limitation, customer demand for our products and services, supplier costs, interest rate fluctuations, and differences between estimated residual values and actual amounts realized related to the equipment we lease. Operating results could also fluctuate as a result of the sale of equipment in our lease portfolio prior to the expiration of the lease term to the lessee or to a third party and changes in incentive programs provided by manufacturers.

We have expanded our product and service offerings under our comprehensive set of solutions which represents the continued evolution of our original implementation of our e-commerce products entitled ePlusSuite. The expansion to our bundled solution is a framework that combines our IT sales and professional services, leasing and financing services, asset management software and services, procurement software, and electronic catalog content management software and services.

We expect to expand or open new sales locations and hire additional staff for specific targeted market areas in the near future whenever we can find both experienced personnel and qualified geographic areas.

ACCOUNTING STANDARDS UPDATES - In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("Codification") established the Codification as the source of authoritative U.S. GAAP, recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. The FASB will no longer issue new standards in the form of statements, FASB Staff Positions, or Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts; instead, it will issue Accounting Standards Updates. The FASB will not consider Accounting Standards Updates as authoritative in their own right; these updates will serve only to update the Codification, provide background information about the guidance, and provide bases for conclusions on the change(s) in the Codification. The Codification is effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. We have updated our disclosures and condensed consolidated financial statements to reflect the new Codification. In the description of the Codification and Accounting Standards Updates throughout the report, references in italics relate to Codification Topics and Subtopics, and their descriptive titles, as appropriate.

In August 2009, the FASB issued an update which amends Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure in the Codification. This update clarifies that when a quoted price in an active market for the identical liability is not available, a reporting entity should measure fair value using a valuation technique that uses the quoted price of the identical or similar liability when traded as an asset, or another valuation technique that is consistent with the principles of Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure such as an income approach (such as a present value technique), or a market approach (such as a technique that is based on the amount at the measurement date that the reporting entity would pay to transfer the identical liability or would receive to enter into the identical liability). This update is effective for the first reporting period, including interim periods beginning after issuance on August 26, 2009, which for us, is the quarter ended September 30, 2009. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on our financial statements.


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RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS UPDATES NOT YET EFFECTIVE -In June 2009, the FASB issued an update to amend Transfers and Servicing in the Codification. This update removes the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity and clarifies the determination of whether a transferor and all of the entities included in the transferor's financial statements being presented have surrendered control over the transferred financial assets. That determination must consider the transferor's continuing involvement in the transferred financial asset, including all arrangements or agreements made contemporaneously with, or in contemplation of, the transfer, even if they were not entered into at the time of the transfer. This update will be effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after November 15, 2009. We are currently evaluating the future impact this update will have on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In October 2009, the FASB issued an update to amend Revenue Recognition in the Codification. This update removes the fair value criterion from the separation criteria that we use to determine whether a multiple deliverable arrangement involves more than one unit of accounting. It also replaces references to "fair value" with "selling price" to distinguish from the fair value measurements required under Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures in the Codification, provides a hierarchy that entities must use to estimate the selling price, eliminates the use of the residual method for allocation, and expands the ongoing disclosure requirements. This update is effective for us beginning April 1, 2011 and can be applied prospectively or retrospectively. We are currently evaluating the effect that adoption of this update will have on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to use judgment in the application of accounting policies, including making estimates and assumptions. If our judgment or interpretation of the facts and circumstances relating to various transactions had been different, or different assumptions were made, it is possible that alternative accounting policies would have been applied, resulting in a change in financial results. On an ongoing basis, we reevaluate our estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, residuals, vendor consideration, lease classification, goodwill and intangibles, reserves for credit losses and income taxes specifically relating to uncertain tax positions. Estimates in the assumptions used in the valuation of our share-based compensation expense are updated periodically and reflect conditions that existed at the time of each new issuance of equity based compensation. We base estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. For all of these estimates, we caution that future events rarely develop exactly as forecasted, and therefore, these estimates routinely require adjustment.

We consider the following accounting policies important in understanding the potential impact of our judgments and estimates on our operating results and financial condition. Our significant accounting policies, including the critical policies and practices listed below, are more fully described and discussed in the notes to consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year 2009 included in the 2009 Annual Report.

REVENUE RECOGNITION. The majority of our revenues are derived from three sources: sales of products and services, lease revenues and sales of our software. Our revenue recognition policies vary based upon these revenue sources. Generally, sales are recognized when the title and risk of loss are passed to the customer, there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement for sale, delivery has occurred and/or services have been rendered, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Using these tests, the vast majority of our product sales are recognized upon delivery due to our sales terms with our customers and with our vendors. For proper cutoff, we estimate the product delivered to our customers at the end of each quarter based upon historical delivery dates.

We also sell services that are performed in conjunction with product sales, and recognize revenue from delivered items only when the delivered item(s) has value to the client on stand-alone basis, there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered item(s), and delivery of the undelivered item(s) is probable and substantially under our control. For most of the arrangements with multiple deliverables (hardware and services), we generally cannot establish reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered items. Therefore, the majority of revenue from these services and hardware sold in conjunction with the services is recognized when the service is complete and we have received an acceptance certificate. However, in some cases, we do not receive an acceptance certificate and we estimate the completion date based upon our records.


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RESIDUAL VALUES. Residual values represent our estimated value of the equipment at the end of the initial lease term. The residual values for direct financing and sales-type leases are included as part of the investment in direct financing and sales-type leases. The residual values for operating leases are included in the leased equipment's net book value and are reported in the investment in leases and leased equipment-net. Our estimated residual values will vary, both in amount and as a percentage of the original equipment cost, and depend upon several factors, including the equipment type, manufacturer's discount, market conditions and the term of the lease.

We evaluate residual values on a quarterly basis and record any required changes in which impairments of residual value, other than temporary, are recorded in the period in which the impairment is determined. Residual values are affected by equipment supply and demand and by new product announcements by manufacturers.

We seek to realize the estimated residual value at lease termination mainly through renewal or extension of the original lease or the sale of the equipment either to the lessee or on the secondary market. The difference between the proceeds of a sale and the remaining estimated residual value is recorded as a gain or loss in lease revenues when title is transferred to the lessee, or, if the equipment is sold on the secondary market, in sales of product and services and cost of sales, product and services when title is transferred to the buyer.

ASSUMPTIONS RELATED TO GOODWILL. We account for our acquisitions using the purchase method of accounting. This method requires estimates to determine the fair values of assets and liabilities acquired including udgments to determine any acquired intangible assets such as customer-related intangibles, as well as assessments of the fair value of existing assets such as property and equipment. Liabilities acquired can include balances for litigation and other contingency reserves established prior to or at the time of acquisition, and require judgment in ascertaining a reasonable value. Third-party valuation firms may be used to assist in the appraisal of certain assets and liabilities, but even those determinations are based on significant estimates provided by us, such as forecasted revenues or profits on contract-related intangibles. Numerous factors are typically considered in the purchase accounting assessments. Changes in assumptions and estimates of the acquired assets and liabilities would result in changes to the fair values, resulting in an offsetting change to the goodwill balance associated with the business acquired.

We review our goodwill for impairment annually, or more frequently, if indicators of impairment exist. Goodwill has been assigned to four reporting units for purposes of impairment testing. We believe that for the purpose of testing for impairment, we have four distinct reporting units: leasing, technology, software procurement and software document management. In determining reporting units, we consider factors such as nature of products, nature of production, type of customer, management and the availability of separate and distinct financial statements for each entity.

A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining if an indicator of impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include, among others: a significant decline in our expected future cash flows; a sustained, significant decline in our stock price and market capitalization; a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate; unanticipated competition; the testing for recoverability of a significant asset group within a reporting unit; and slower growth rates. Any adverse change in these factors could have a significant impact on the recoverability of these assets and could have a material impact on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The goodwill impairment test involves a two-step process. The first step is a comparison of each reporting unit's fair value to its carrying value. We estimate fair value using the best information available, including market information. We employ the discounted cash flow method and the guideline company method, and compute a weighted average to determine the fair value of each reporting unit. The discounted cash flow method uses a reporting unit's projection of estimated operating results and cash flows that is discounted using a weighted- average cost of capital that reflects current market conditions. The projection uses management's best estimates of economic and market conditions over the projected period including growth rates in sales, costs, estimates of future expected changes in operating margins and cash expenditures. Other significant estimates and assumptions include terminal value growth rates, future estimates of capital expenditures and changes in future working capital requirements. We validate our estimates of fair value under the discounted cash flow method by comparing the values to fair value estimates using the guideline company method. The guideline company method estimates fair value by applying earnings multiples to the reporting unit's operating performance. The multiples are derived from publicly traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as our reporting units.


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If the carrying value of the reporting unit is higher than its fair value, there is an indication that impairment may exist and the second step must be performed to measure the amount of impairment loss. The amount of impairment is determined by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit's goodwill to the carrying value of the goodwill in the same manner as if the reporting unit was being acquired in a business combination. Specifically, we would allocate the fair value to all of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit, including any unrecognized intangible assets, in a hypothetical analysis that would calculate the implied fair value of goodwill. If the implied fair value of goodwill is less than the recorded goodwill, we would record an impairment charge for the difference.

VENDOR CONSIDERATION. We receive payments and credits from vendors, including . . .

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