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| NLY > SEC Filings for NLY > Form 10-Q on 5-Nov-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
5-Nov-2009
Quarterly Report
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements contained in this quarterly report, and certain statements contained in our future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC" or the "Commission"), in our press releases or in our other public or shareholder communications may not be based on historical facts and are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements, which are based on various assumptions, (some of which are beyond our control) may be identified by reference to a future period or periods, or by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as "may," "will," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "continue," or similar terms or variations on those terms, or the negative of those terms. Actual results could differ materially from those set forth in forward-looking statements due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, changes in interest rates, changes in the yield curve, changes in prepayment rates, the availability of mortgage-backed securities and other securities for purchase, the availability of financing, and, if available, the terms of any financings, changes in the market value of our assets, changes in business conditions and the general economy, changes in governmental regulations affecting our business, and our ability to maintain our classification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, and risks associated with the investment advisory business of our subsidiaries, including the removal by their clients of assets they manage, their regulatory requirements, and competition in the investment advisory business, and risks associated with the broker dealer business of our subsidiary. For a discussion of the risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements, see our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. We do not undertake and specifically disclaim any obligation, to publicly release the result of any revisions which may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.
Overview
We are a REIT that owns and manages a portfolio of principally mortgage-backed securities. Our principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to our stockholders from the spread between the interest income on our investment securities and the costs of borrowing to finance our acquisition of investment securities and from dividends we receive from our taxable REIT subsidiaries. FIDAC and Merganser are our wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiaries that are registered investment advisors that generate advisory and service fee income. RCap is our wholly-owned broker dealer taxable REIT subsidiary which generates fee income.
We are primarily engaged in the business of investing, on a leveraged basis, in mortgage pass-through certificates, collateralized mortgage obligations and other mortgage-backed securities representing interests in or obligations backed by pools of mortgage loans issued or guaranteed by Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac"), Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae") and the Government National Mortgage Association ("Ginnie Mae") (collectively, "Mortgage-Backed Securities"). We also invest in Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB"), Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae debentures. The Mortgage-Backed Securities and agency debentures are collectively referred to herein as "Investment Securities."
Under our capital investment policy, at least 75% of our total assets must be comprised of high-quality mortgage-backed securities and short-term investments. High quality securities means securities that (1) are rated within one of the two highest rating categories by at least one of the nationally recognized rating agencies, (2) are unrated but are guaranteed by the United States government or an agency of the United States government, or (3) are unrated but we determine them to be of comparable quality to rated high-quality mortgage-backed securities.
The remainder of our assets, comprising not more than 25% of our total assets, may consist of other qualified REIT real estate assets which are unrated or rated less than high quality, but which are at least "investment grade" (rated "BBB" or better by Standard & Poor's Corporation ("S&P") or the equivalent by another nationally recognized rating agency) or, if not rated, we determine them to be of comparable credit quality to an investment which is rated "BBB" or better. In addition, we may directly or indirectly invest part of this remaining 25% of our assets in other types of securities, including without limitation, unrated debt, equity or derivative securities, to the extent consistent with our REIT qualification requirements. The derivative securities in which we invest may include securities representing the right to receive interest only or a disproportionately large amount of interest, as well as inverse floaters, which may have imbedded leverage as part of their structural characteristics.
We may acquire Mortgage-Backed Securities backed by single-family residential mortgage loans as well as securities backed by loans on multi-family, commercial or other real estate related properties. To date, all of the Mortgage-Backed Securities that we have acquired have been backed by single-family residential mortgage loans.
We have elected to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. Pursuant to the current federal tax regulations, one of the requirements of maintaining our status as a REIT is that we must distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and by excluding any net capital gain) to our stockholders, subject to certain adjustments.
The results of our operations are affected by various factors, many of which are beyond our control. Our results of operations primarily depend on, among other things, our net interest income, the market value of our assets and the supply of and demand for such assets. Our net interest income, which reflects the amortization of purchase premiums and accretion of discounts, varies primarily as a result of changes in interest rates, borrowing costs and prepayment speeds, the behavior of which involves various risks and uncertainties. Prepayment speeds, as reflected by the Constant Prepayment Rate, or CPR, and interest rates vary according to the type of investment, conditions in financial markets, competition and other factors, none of which can be predicted with any certainty. In general, as prepayment speeds on our Mortgage-Backed Securities portfolio increase, related purchase premium amortization increases, thereby reducing the net yield on such assets. The CPR on our Mortgage-Backed Securities portfolio averaged 21% and 11% for the quarters ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Since changes in interest rates may significantly affect our activities, our operating results depend, in large part, upon our ability to effectively manage interest rate risks and prepayment risks while maintaining our status as a REIT.
The table below provides quarterly information regarding our average balances, interest income, yield on assets, average repurchase agreement balances, interest expense, cost of funds, net interest income and net interest rate spreads for the quarterly periods presented.
Average Yield on Average Net
Investment Total Average Balance Average Net Interest
Securities Interest Investment of Repurchase Interest Cost of Interest Rate
Held (1) Income Securities Agreements Expense Funds Income Spread
(ratios for the quarters have been annualized, dollars in thousands)
Quarter Ended
September30, 2009 $ 60,905,025 $ 744,523 4.89% $ 54,914,435 $ 307,777 2.24 % $ 436,746 2.65 %
Quarter Ended
June 30, 2009 $ 56,420,189 $ 710,401 5.04% $ 50,114,663 $ 322,596 2.57 % $ 387,805 2.47 %
Quarter Ended
March 31, 2009 $ 54,763,268 $ 716,015 5.23% $ 48,497,444 $ 378,625 3.12 % $ 337,390 2.11 %
Quarter Ended
December 31, 2008 $ 53,838,665 $ 740,282 5.50% $ 47,581,332 $ 450,805 3.79 % $ 289,477 1.71 %
Quarter Ended
September 30, 2008 $ 57,694,277 $ 810,659 5.62% $ 51,740,645 $ 458,250 3.54 % $ 352,409 2.08 %
Quarter Ended
June 30, 2008 $ 56,197,550 $ 773,359 5.50% $ 50,359,825 $ 442,251 3.51 % $ 331,108 1.99 %
Quarter Ended
March 31, 2008 $ 56,119,584 $ 791,128 5.64% $ 51,399,101 $ 537,606 4.18 % $ 253,522 1.46 %
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(1) Does not reflect unrealized gains/(losses).
The following table presents the CPR experienced on our Mortgage-Backed Securities portfolio, on an annualized basis, for the quarterly periods presented.
Quarter Ended CPR September 30, 2009 21 % June 30, 2009 19 % March 31, 2009 16 % December 31, 2008 10 % September 30, 2008 11 % |
We believe that the CPR in future periods will depend, in part, on changes in and the level of market interest rates across the yield curve, with higher CPRs expected during periods of declining interest rates and lower CPRs expected during periods of rising interest rates.
We continue to explore alternative business strategies, alternative investments and other strategic initiatives to complement our core business strategy of investing, on a leveraged basis, in high quality Investment Securities. No assurance, however, can be provided that any such strategic initiative will or will not be implemented in the future.
For the purposes of computing ratios relating to equity measures, throughout this report, equity includes Series B preferred stock, which has been treated under GAAP as temporary equity. In the Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, net income attributable to controlling interest is referred to as net income.
Recent Developments
The liquidity crisis which commenced in August 2007 continues through the third quarter of 2009. During this period of market dislocation, fiscal and monetary policymakers have established new liquidity facilities for primary dealers and commercial banks, reduced short-term interest rates, and passed legislation that is intended to address the challenges of mortgage borrowers and lenders. This legislation, the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, seeks to forestall home foreclosures for distressed borrowers and assist communities with foreclosure problems. Although these aggressive steps are intended to protect and support the US housing and mortgage market, we continue to operate under very difficult market conditions.
Subsequent to June 30, 2008, there were increased market concerns about Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae's ability to withstand future credit losses associated with securities held in their investment portfolios, and on which they provide guarantees, without the direct support of the U.S. Government. In September 2008 Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were placed into the conservatorship of the Federal Housing Finance Agency, or FHFA, their federal regulator, pursuant to its powers under The Federal Housing Finance Regulatory Reform Act of 2008, a part of the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008. As the conservator of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the FHFA controls and directs the operations of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and may (1) take over the assets of and operate Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac with all the powers of the shareholders, the directors, and the officers of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and conduct all business of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; (2) collect all obligations and money due to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; (3) perform all functions of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac which are consistent with the conservator's appointment; (4) preserve and conserve the assets and property of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; and (5) contract for assistance in fulfilling any function, activity, action or duty of the conservator.
In addition to FHFA becoming the conservator of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, (i) the U.S. Department of Treasury, or Treasury, and FHFA have entered into preferred stock purchase agreements between the U.S. Department of Treasury and Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac pursuant to which the U.S. Department of Treasury will ensure that each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac maintains a positive net worth; (ii) the U.S. Department of Treasury has established a new secured lending credit facility which will be available to Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and the FHLBs, which is intended to serve as a liquidity backstop, which will be available until December 2009; and (iii) the U.S. Department of Treasury has initiated a temporary program to purchase mortgage-backed securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Given the highly fluid and evolving nature of these events, it is unclear how our business will be impacted. Based upon the further activity of the U.S. government or market response to developments at Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, our business could be adversely impacted.
The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, or EESA, was also enacted. The EESA provides the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury with the authority to establish a Troubled Asset Relief Program, or TARP, to purchase from financial institutions up to $700 billion of equity or preferred securities, residential or commercial mortgages and any securities, obligations, or other instruments that are based on or related to such mortgages, that in each case was originated or issued on or before March 14, 2008, as well as any other financial instrument that the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury, after consultation with the Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, determines the purchase of which is necessary to promote financial market stability, upon transmittal of such determination, in writing, to the appropriate committees of the U.S. Congress. The EESA also provides for a program that would allow companies to insure their troubled assets.
In addition, the U.S. Government, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, or Federal Reserve, and other governmental and regulatory bodies have taken or are considering taking other actions to address the financial crisis. The Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility, or TALF, was first announced by the U.S. Department of Treasury, or the Treasury, on November 25, 2008, and has been expanded in size and scope since its initial announcement. Under the TALF, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York makes non-recourse loans to borrowers to fund their purchase of eligible assets, currently certain asset-backed securities but not residential mortgage-backed securities. On March 23, 2009, the U.S. Treasury announced preliminary plans to expand the TALF beyond non-mortgage ABS to include legacy securitization assets, including non-Agency RMBS and CMBS that were originally rated AAA and issued prior to January 1, 2009. On May 1, 2009, the Federal Reserve published the terms for the expansion of TALF to CMBS and announced that, beginning in June 2009, up to $100 billion of TALF loans would be available to finance purchases of CMBS. The Federal Reserve has also announced that, beginning in July 2009, eligible legacy CMBS may also be purchased under the TALF. Many legacy CMBS, however, have had their ratings downgraded, and at least one rating agency, S&P, has announced that further downgrades are likely in the future as property values have declined. These downgrades may significantly reduce the quantity of legacy CMBS that are TALF eligible. There can be no assurance that we will be able to utilize this program successfully or at all.
In addition, on March 23, 2009 the government announced that the Treasury in conjunction with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, and the Federal Reserve, would create the Public-Private Investment Program, or PPIP. The PPIP aims to recreate a market for specific illiquid residential and commercial loans and securities through a number of joint public and private investment funds. The PPIP is designed to draw new private capital into the market for these securities and loans by providing government equity co-investment and attractive public financing. As these programs are still in early stages of operations, it is not possible for us to predict how these programs will impact our business.
There can be no assurance that the EESA, TALF, PPIP or other policy initiatives will have a beneficial impact on the financial markets, including current extreme levels of volatility. We cannot predict whether or when such actions may occur or what impact, if any, such actions could have on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The liquidity crisis could adversely affect one or more of our lenders and could cause one or more of our lenders to be unwilling or unable to provide us with additional financing. This could potentially increase our financing costs and reduce liquidity. If one or more major market participants fails, it could negatively impact the marketability of all fixed income securities, including agency mortgage securities, and this could negatively impact the value of the securities in our portfolio, thus reducing its net book value. Furthermore, if many of our lenders are unwilling or unable to provide us with additional financing, we could be forced to sell our Investment Securities at an inopportune time when prices are depressed. Even with the current situation in the mortgage sector we do not anticipate having difficulty converting our assets to cash or extending financing, due to the fact that our investment securities have an actual or implied "AAA" rating and principal payment is guaranteed.
Critical Accounting Policies
Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on the amounts reported in our financial statements. These financial statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP. In preparing the financial statements, management is required to make various judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could have a material effect on our financial statements. The following is a summary of our policies most affected by management's judgments, estimates and assumptions.
Fair Value of Investment Securities: All assets classified as available-for-sale are reported at fair value, based on market prices. Although we generally intend to hold most of our Investment Securities until maturity, we may, from time to time, sell any of our Investment Securities as part our overall management of our portfolio. Accordingly, we are required to classify all of our Investment Securities as available-for-sale. Our policy is to obtain fair values from independent sources. Fair values from independent sources are compared to internal prices for reasonableness. Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. The determination of whether a security is other-than-temporarily impaired involves judgments and assumptions based on subjective and objective factors. Consideration is given to (1) our intent to sell the Investment Securities, (2) whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the Investment Securities before recovery, or (3) whether we do not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the Investment Securities. Further, the security is analyzed for credit loss (the difference between the present value of cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis). The credit loss, if any, will then be recognized in the statement of earnings, while the balance of impairment related to other factors will be recognized in other comprehensive income ("OCI").
Interest Income: Interest income is accrued based on the outstanding principal amount of the Investment Securities and their contractual terms. Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of the Investment Securities are amortized or accreted into interest income over the projected lives of the securities using the interest method. Our policy for estimating prepayment speeds for calculating the effective yield is to evaluate historical performance, Wall Street consensus prepayment speeds, and current market conditions. If our estimate of prepayments is incorrect, we may be required to make an adjustment to the amortization or accretion of premiums and discounts that would have an impact on future income.
Derivative Financial Instruments/Hedging Activity - Prior to the fourth quarter of 2008, we designated interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges, whereby the swaps were recorded at fair value on our balance sheet as assets and liabilities with any changes in fair value recorded in OCI. In a cash flow hedge, a swap would exactly match the pricing date of the relevant repurchase agreement. Through the end of the third quarter of 2008 we continued to be able to effectively match the swaps with the repurchase agreements therefore entering into effective hedge transactions. However, due to the volatility of the credit markets, it is no longer practical to match the pricing dates of both the swaps and the repurchase agreements.
As a result, we voluntarily discontinued hedge accounting after the third quarter of 2008 through a combination of de-designating previously defined hedge relationships and not designating new contracts as cash flow hedges. The de-designation of cash flow hedges requires that the net derivative gain or loss related to the discontinued cash flow hedge should continue to be reported in accumulated OCI, unless it is probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur by the end of the originally specified time period or within an additional two-month period of time thereafter. We continue to hold repurchase agreements in excess of swap contracts and have no indication that interest payments on the hedged repurchase agreements are in jeopardy of discontinuing. Therefore, the deferred losses related to these derivatives that have been de-designated will not be recognized immediately and will remain in OCI. These losses are reclassified into earnings during the contractual terms of the swap agreements starting as of October 1, 2008. Changes in the unrealized gains or losses on the interest rate swaps subsequent to September 30, 2008 are reflected in our statement of operations.
Repurchase Agreements: We finance the acquisition of our Investment Securities through the use of repurchase agreements. Repurchase agreements are treated as collateralized financing transactions and are carried at their contractual amounts, including accrued interest, as specified in the respective agreements. Repurchase agreements entered into by RCap are matched with reverse repurchase agreements and are recorded on trade date with the duration of such repurchase agreements mirroring those of the matched reverse repurchase agreements. These repurchase agreements entered into by RCap are recorded at the contract amount and margin calls are filled by RCap as required based on any deficiencies in collateral versus the contract price. The repurchase agreements are recorded at the contract amount and margin calls are filled by RCap as required based on any deficiencies in collateral versus the contract price. RCap generates income from the spread between what is earned on the reverse repurchase agreements and what is paid on the repurchase agreements. Intercompany transactions are eliminated in the statement of financial condition, statement of operations, and statement of cash flows. Cash flows related to RCap's repurchase agreements are included in cash flows from operating activity.
Income Taxes: We have elected to be taxed as a REIT and intend to comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or the Code), with respect thereto. Accordingly, we will not be subjected to federal income tax to the extent of our distributions to shareholders and as long as certain asset, income and stock ownership tests are met. We, FIDAC, Merganser, and RCap have made separate joint elections to treat FIDAC, Merganser, and RCap as taxable REIT subsidiaries. As such, FIDAC, Merganser, and RCap are taxable as domestic C corporations and subject to federal and state and local income taxes based upon their taxable income.
Impairment of Goodwill and Intangibles: Our acquisition of FIDAC and Merganser were accounted for using the purchase method. The cost of FIDAC and Merganser were allocated to the assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets and the liabilities assumed, based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of cost over the fair value of the net assets acquired was recognized as goodwill. Goodwill and finite-lived intangible assets are periodically reviewed for potential impairment. This evaluation requires significant judgment.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements:
General Principles
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (ASC 105)
In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued The Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (Codification) which revises the framework for selecting the accounting principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements that are presented in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP"). The objective of the Codification is to establish the FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") as the source of authoritative accounting principles recognized by the FASB. Codification is effective September 30, 2009. In adopting the Codification, all non-grandfathered, non-SEC accounting literature not included in the Codification is superseded and deemed non-authoritative. Codification requires any references within the consolidated financial statements be modified from FASB issues to ASC. However, in accordance with the FASB Accounting Standards Codification Notice to Constituents (v 2.0), we will not reference specific sections of the ASC but will use broad topic references.
Our recent accounting pronouncements section has been reformatted to reflect the same organizational structure as the ASC. Broad topic references will be updated with pending content as they are released.
Assets
Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (ASC 320)
New guidance was provided to make impairment guidance more operational and to improve the presentation and disclosure of other-than-temporary impairments ("OTTI") on debt and equity securities in financial statements. This guidance was also the result of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") . . .
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