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| HKN > SEC Filings for HKN > Form 10-Q on 5-Nov-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
5-Nov-2009
Quarterly Report
The following discussion is intended to assist you in understanding our business and the results of our operations. It should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this report as well as our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008. Certain statements made in our discussion may be forward looking. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and a number of factors could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from our expectations. These risks, uncertainties, and other factors include, among others, the risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as other risks described in this Quarterly Report. Unless the context requires otherwise, when we refer to "we," "us" and "our," we are describing HKN, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
Our business strategy is focused on enhancing value for our stockholders through the development of a well-balanced portfolio of energy-based assets. Currently, the majority of the value of our assets is derived from our ownership of Gulf Coast oil and gas properties. During 2009, commodity pricing for both crude oil and natural gas has continued to average well below pricing from the respective prior year period. We believe in the long-term fundamentals of our industry, therefore during periods of low pricing, we have focused on cutting our operating, general and administrative costs to allow our operations to continue to generate cash from operating activities until pricing rebounds.
During 2009, we have focused on enhancing the value of our Main Pass 35 field, located offshore Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico, by performing various process and structural upgrades and improvements to the facility and its equipment. We believe our Main Pass 35 asset has unique characteristics such as low-decline oil production, behind-pipe development potential as well as third-party oil, gas and water processing and handling services for neighboring fields in the area. We continue to focus on improving operational efficiencies, reducing maintenance costs and reducing the third-party dependency of our Main Pass 35 asset.
During 2009, we acquired an interest in a private company which holds patents to the emulsion breaking "OHSOL" technology. This environmentally-clean process can be used to purify oilfield emulsions by breaking and separating the emulsions into oil, water and solids. This technology has been successfully tested with a mobile OHSOL unit in a demonstration in Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, which demonstrated the effectiveness of the OHSOL emulsion breaking technology to recover valuable hydrocarbons and reduce wastes. We are currently pursuing opportunities to commercialize the OHSOL technology by performing emulsion testing of the OHSOL plant equipment both internationally and domestically.
We are also seeking to identify further investment opportunities in undervalued energy-based companies which could provide future value for our shareholders.
Focus on Efficient Operations
Our revenues are primarily derived from sales from our Gulf Coast oil and gas producing properties. During 2009, our oil and gas revenue has been comprised approximately 82% from oil sales and 18% from natural gas sales. During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, oil commodity pricing was approximately 53% lower than the prior year period, and natural gas commodity pricing was approximately 63% lower than the prior year period. If oil and gas commodity pricing and economic conditions continue to decline in the future, our revenue will continue to be adversely affected.
In spite of the challenging commodity pricing markets, we continue to be in a financially-stable position. During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we had positive cash flow from our operations. We have no debt outstanding, and we have a cash balance of approximately $11.3 million at September 30, 2009. We also anticipate our operating cash flow and other capital resources, if needed, will adequately fund our planned capital expenditures and other capital uses. Our capital expenditures are discretionary and can be curtailed if sufficient funds are not available.
Gulf Coast Oil and Gas Properties
During the third quarter 2009, our results of operations reflect decreased oil and natural gas revenues which are primarily the result of decreased commodity prices in 2009. Substantially all of our production is concentrated in twelve oil and gas fields along the onshore and offshore Texas and Louisiana Gulf Coast.
Our revenues are primarily derived from sales from our oil and gas properties. Approximately 52% of our production comes from our operated properties all located in the United States. These revenues are a function of the oil and gas volumes produced and the prevailing commodity price at the time of production, and certain quality and transportation discounts. The commodity prices for crude oil and natural gas as well as the timing of production volumes have a significant impact on our operating income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, our net domestic production rate averaged approximately 623 barrels of oil equivalent ("boe") per day.
The following field data updates the status of our operations through September 30, 2009:
Main Pass, Plaquemines Parish - Louisiana
We have a 90% interest in Main Pass and are the field operator. This field contains a ten-platform facility complex including separation, injection, compression, processing and transportation terminals for oil, water and gas. The field also contains 66 wellbores (60 oil and 6 injection wells), of which 33 are active, and an eight mile oil transport line with pump/metering facilities. Our Main Pass 35 facility is located approximately six miles offshore in state waters off the Gulf Coast of Louisiana. We currently have license to 21 square miles of 3D seismic data covering the area held by productive leases. Gross production during the third quarter 2009 averaged approximately 389 boe per day. In order to lower our gas lift expense in the field, we are currently performing a recompletion project of at least one gas zone expected to be completed in the fourth quarter 2009.
Lapeyrouse Field, Terrebonne Parish - Louisiana
We hold an average non-operated working interest of approximately 18% in the production from nine wells in this field. Gross field production averaged approximately 147 boe per day for the third quarter 2009. Evaluation efforts by the operator are still ongoing with additional diagnostic work planned by the operator to address the field pressure decline and to utilize all available wellbores.
Lake Raccourci Field, Lafourche Parish - Louisiana
We hold an average 40% operated working interest in each of our Lake Raccourci wells. Gross production for this field averaged 35 boe per day for the third quarter 2009. Production decreased significantly this quarterly period primarily due to the fact that the SL 14284-1 well ceased production in February 2009. Diagnostic work indicated that the well ceased production due to sand build up in the tubing. Coiled tubing work was carried out, but failed to restore production. We are currently evaluating the economic potential of a recompletion to the Tex 16 zone behind pipe, as well as several other zones in our two other producing wells in the field.
Point-a-la-Hache Field, Plaquemines Parish - Louisiana
We maintain a 25% operated working interest in one producing well in this field. Average gross production for the third quarter 2009 was approximately 38 boe per day. Production remains steady from this one well field.
Creole Field, Terrebonne Parish - Louisiana
We hold an average 15% non-operated working interest in this offshore field. Gross daily production from the wells (eight completions) was approximately 1,099 boe per day during the third quarter 2009. Three completions in two wells drilled in late 2008 were put on production in 2009 after significant weather delays.
East Lake Verret, Assumption Parish - Louisiana
We have an average 5% non-operated working interest in this field. Gross daily production from the two development wells on this project was approximately 501 boe per day during the third quarter 2009.
Point-au-Fer Field, Terrebonne Parish - Louisiana
We own a 12.5% non-operated working interest in this approximate 56 square mile area. Gross production for this field was approximately 27 boe per day for the third quarter 2009. Several prospects have been identified in the area, but due to the low oil and gas pricing, we expect additional drilling and work over activity will be delayed by the operator.
Branville Bay Field, St. Bernard Parish - Louisiana
We own a 12.5% non-operated working interest in two state leases in the Branville Bay area of Chandeleur Sound Block 71. Gross production for this field was approximately 192 boe per day for the third quarter 2009.
BP 2D Texas Gulf Coast Project, Various Counties - Texas
We own a 25% non-operated working interest in the Boquillas #1 well. Gross production from this well is steady and was approximately 193 boe per day for the third quarter 2009.
NW Speaks Field, Lavaca County - Texas
We own approximately 2% to 10% in various leases in the NW Speaks area. Current gross production for this field averaged approximately 70 boe per day during the third quarter 2009 from two wells.
Allen Ranch Field, Colorado County - Texas
We own an 11.25% non-operated working interest in this area. Gross production for this field was approximately 57 boe per day during the third quarter 2009 primarily from the initial well, the Hancock Gas Unit #1 which is the only well currently producing from the field. Another development location has been identified, but future development of the field is currently on hold pending higher natural gas pricing.
Raymondville Field, Willacy County - Texas
We own a 27% non-operated working interest in this area. Current gross production for this field averaged approximately 164 boe per day during the third quarter 2009. Field production continues to decline as fewer behind pipe zones remain. Several wells ceased production in 2009 and have no remaining recompletion potential.
Lucky Field, Matagorda County - Texas
We own a 7.5% non-operated working interest in this area. Current gross production for this field averaged approximately 30 boe per day during the third quarter 2009.
Coalbed Methane Prospects - Indiana and Ohio
We hold two exploration and development agreements in Indiana and Ohio which provide for an area of mutual interest of approximately 400,000 acres, respectively. The agreements provide for a phased delineation, pilot and development program, with corresponding staged expenditures. Contracted third parties with a long track record in successful Coalbed Methane development provide expert advice for these projects.
On the Indiana Posey Prospect, we are currently in the second pilot well phase of Phase II (Exploratory Phase) of the project. The extent of water influx from the first pilot wells is under evaluation to enhance desorption efforts. Alternative design stimulations are also under evaluation as pumpdown continues while the initial fracture treatments are evaluated.
As part of the second pilot well phase, we drilled five pilot producers and completed a water disposal well with specialized fracture stimulation. The proprietary fracture stimulation is currently being evaluated for continued application. Upon completion of the fracturing program, pumpdown for desorption of the second Posey pilot will begin. Following an evaluation period of these two pilot areas, we will evaluate a Phase III - Development election and funding of a development well program as contemplated by the agreements.
On the Ohio Cumberland Prospect, the Phase II project has been temporarily suspended until such time as oil and gas commodity pricing increases. We are focusing our efforts in 2009 on the Indiana Posey Contract.
With the decline in oil and gas commodity prices, resource plays, such as coalbed methane prospects, can become uneconomical in low price environments. Our discretionary capital expenditures, including costs related to our coalbed methane prospects, may be curtailed at our discretion in the future. Such expenditure curtailments could result in us losing certain prospect acreage or reducing our interest in future development projects.
INVESTMENT IN GLOBAL
At September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we owned approximately 34% of
Global's ordinary shares. Our investment in Global was equal to the market value
of our 11.9 million shares of Global's common stock as follows (in thousands,
except for share amounts):
September 30, 2009 December 31, 2008
Shares of Global Stock held by HKN 11,893,463 11,893,463
Closing price of Global Stock £ 0.68 £ 0.68
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate 1.6104 1.4619
Market Value of Investment in Global $ 13,066 $ 11,824
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The foreign currency translation adjustment of approximately $671 thousand and the unrealized loss on investment of $571 thousand for these changes in market value between the two periods were recorded to other comprehensive income in stockholders' equity during the nine months ended September 30, 2009.
INVESTMENT IN SPITFIRE
At September 30, 2009, we owned 10 million common shares of Spitfire and 1.3 million warrants to acquire common shares of Spitfire. Our common share holdings represent approximately 26% of the outstanding Spitfire common shares. In 2009, we have sold approximately 1.1 million of our Spitfire shares in the market for cash proceeds of $187 thousand.
INVESTMENT IN OHSOL TECHNOLOGY (UniPure)
Under UniPure's Operating Agreement, effective June 30, 2009, we are the Managing Member of UniPure and, as such, possess the legal power to direct the operating policies and procedures of UniPure. Therefore, we have determined that our OHSOL investment meets the requirements of ASC 810-10, Consoldiation, and we are the primary beneficiary, as defined. Therefore, we have consolidated the assets and liabilities of UniPure as of the investment date. The results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2009 have been consolidated in our results of operations. Please see Note 2 - Investment in OHSOL Technology (UniPure) for additional information.
INVESTMENT IN CANERGY FUND
HKN is currently the sole member of both the Canergy Fund and Canergy Management. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, there was no trading activity related to the Canergy Growth Fund recorded on our consolidated condensed statement of operations.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS
Our consolidated condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP which requires us to use estimates and make assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Our estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience, industry conditions and various other factors which we believe are appropriate. Actual results could vary significantly from our estimates and assumptions as additional information becomes known. The more significant critical accounting estimates and assumptions are described below.
Full-Cost Ceiling Test - At the end of each quarterly period, the unamortized cost of oil and natural gas properties, after deducting the asset retirement obligation, net of related deferred income taxes, is limited to the sum of the estimated future net revenues from proved properties using period-end prices, discounted at 10%, and the lower of cost or fair value of unproved properties adjusted for related income tax effects.
The calculation of the ceiling test and the provision for depletion are based on estimates of proved reserves. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of proved reserves and in projecting the future rates of production, timing, and plan of development. The accuracy of any reserves estimate is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. Results of drilling, testing, and production subsequent to the date of the estimate may justify a revision of such estimate. Accordingly, reserve estimates are often different from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered.
Based on the September 30, 2009 commodity pricing of $4.84 per Mmbtu for natural gas and $70.61 per barrel for crude oil, we did not have an impairment of our oil and natural gas properties under the full cost method of accounting. Due to the imprecision in estimating oil and natural gas revenues as well as the potential volatility in oil and natural gas prices and their effect on the carrying value of our proved oil and natural gas reserves, there can be no assurance that write-downs in the future will not be required as a result of factors that may negatively affect the present value of proved oil and natural gas reserves and the carrying value of oil and natural gas properties, including volatile oil and natural gas prices, downward revisions in estimated proved oil and natural gas reserve quantities and unsuccessful drilling activities.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Financial instruments are stated at fair value as determined in good faith by management. Factors considered in valuing individual investments include, without limitation, available market prices, reported net asset values, type of security, purchase price, purchases of the same or similar securities by other investors, marketability, restrictions on disposition, current financial position and operating results, and other pertinent information. We carry our financial instruments including cash and our investment in ordinary shares of Global at their estimated fair values. The fair value of our investment in the ordinary shares of Global is based on prices quoted in an active market.
Equity Method Investments - For investments in which we have the ability to exercise significant influence but do not control, we follow the equity method of accounting. Initial investments are recorded at cost and adjusted by the proportionate share of the investee's earnings and capital transactions. Our share of investee earnings are recorded to our income statement and our share of their capital transactions are recorded in our shareholders' equity. We evaluate these investments for other-than-temporary declines in value each quarter; any impairment found is recognized through earnings. We reflect our investment in Spitfire as an equity method investment.
Translation of Non-U.S. Currency Amounts - Assets and liabilities of our equity investment in Spitfire Energy, whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at each balance sheet date. Revenue and expense items are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the periods. Our investment in Global is also subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk as our ownership of Global's ordinary shares are denominated in British sterling pounds. Translation adjustments are included in other comprehensive income until the investment is sold.
Consolidation of variable interest entities - Our investment in OHSOL technology (UniPure) is considered to be a variable interest, as defined in ASC 810-10, Consolidation. ASC 810-10-25 requires the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity's ("VIE") activities to consolidate the VIE. ASC 810-10-15 defines a VIE as an entity in which the equity investors do not have substantive voting rights and there is not sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support. We have determined that our OHSOL investment meets the requirements of ASC 810-10, and we are the primary beneficiary, as defined. Accordingly, we have consolidated the assets and liabilities of UniPure as of the investment date. The results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2009 are consolidated in our results of operations.
As of September 30, 2009, we owned less than a majority of the common shares of Global and did not possess the legal power to direct the operating policies and procedures of Global. In addition, we have concluded that Global was not a VIE at September 30, 2009 as contemplated by ASC 810-10.
Income Taxes - We account for income taxes under the liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets and liabilities represent the future tax return consequences of those differences, which will either be taxable or deductible when the assets and liabilities are recovered or settled. We measure and record income tax contingency accruals in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes.
We recognize liabilities for uncertain income tax positions based on a two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as we must determine the probability of various possible outcomes. We reevaluate these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis or when new information becomes available to management. These reevaluations are based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, successfully settled issues under audit, expirations due to statutes, and new audit activity. Such a change in recognition or measurement could result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an increase to the tax accrual.
We classify interest related to income tax liabilities as income tax expense, and if applicable, penalties are recognized as a component of income tax expense. The income tax liabilities and accrued interest and penalties that are anticipated to be due within one year of the balance sheet date are presented as current liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
In December 2007, FASB issued guidance related to Business Combinations under ASC 805, Business Combinations, and guidance related to the accounting and reporting of noncontrolling interest under ASC 810-10-65-1, Consolidation. This guidance significantly changes the accounting for and reporting of business combination transactions and noncontrolling (minority) interests in consolidated financial statements. This guidance became simultaneously effective January 1, 2009. We applied this guidance to our investment in OHSOL technology (UniPure). Please see Note 2 - Investment in OHSOL Technology for additional information.
In March 2008, the FASB issued guidance related to the disclosures about derivative instruments and hedging activities under ASC 815-10-50, Derivatives and Hedging. This guidance requires companies to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why they use derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under applicable guidance, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect a company's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. These disclosure requirements are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. Our adoption of ASC 815-10-50 on January 1, 2009 did not have a material impact on our consolidated condensed financial statements. See Note 7 - Derivative Instruments for additional information.
In June 2008, the FASB issued guidance to evaluate whether an instrument (or embedded feature) is indexed to an entity's own stock under ASC 815-40-15, Derivatives and Hedging. The guidance requires entities to evaluate whether an equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded feature) is indexed to its own stock in order to determine if the instrument should be accounted for as a derivative under the scope of ASC 815-10-15. This guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and interim periods within those fiscal years. We adopted ASC 815-40-15 beginning January 1, 2009. We applied this guidance to the conversion feature in our Series M Convertible Preferred Stock ("Series M Preferred"). See Note 7 - Derivative Instruments for additional information.
In November 2008, the FASB issued guidance related to accounting considerations for equity method investments under ASC 323-10-35, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures. This guidance states that an equity method investor shall account for a share issuance by an investee as if the investor had sold a proportionate share of its investment. Any gain or loss to the investor resulting from an investee's share issuance should be recognized in earnings. Previous to this, changes in equity for both issuances and repurchases were recognized in equity. This guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and interim periods within those fiscal years. We adopted ASC 323-10-35 beginning January 1, 2009. We applied this guidance to our equity investment in Spitfire Energy. See Note 4 - Equity Investment in Spitfire Energy for additional information.
In December 2008, the Securities and Exchange Commission published a Final Rule, "Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting". The new rule will permit the use of new technologies to determine proved reserves if those technologies have been demonstrated to lead to reliable conclusions about reserves volumes. The new requirements also will allow companies to disclose their probable and possible reserves to investors. In addition, the new disclosure requirements require companies to: (a) report the independence and qualifications of its reserves preparer or auditor; (b) file reports when a third party is relied upon to prepare reserves estimates or conducts a reserves audit; and (c) report oil and gas reserves using an average price based upon the prior 12-month period rather than year-end prices. The use of average prices will affect future impairment and depletion calculations. The new disclosure requirements are effective for annual reports on Form 10-K for fiscal years ending on or after December 31, 2009. A company may not apply the new rules to disclosures in quarterly reports prior to the first annual report in which the revised disclosures are required. We have not yet determined the impact of this Final Rule, which will vary . . .
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