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CLCT > SEC Filings for CLCT > Form 10-K on 4-Sep-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for COLLECTORS UNIVERSE INC


4-Sep-2009

Annual Report


ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the "Selected Consolidated Financial Data" and our Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes, included elsewhere in Part II of this Annual Report. This discussion also should be read in conjunction with the information in Item IA of Part I of this Report, entitled "Risk Factors," which contains information about certain risks and uncertainties that can affect our business and our financial performance in the future.

Introduction and Overview

Our Business

We provide grading and authentication services to dealers and collectors of high-value coins, trading cards, event tickets, autographs, memorabilia and stamps ("collectibles"). We believe that our authentication and grading services add value to these collectibles by enhancing their marketability and thereby providing increased liquidity to the dealers, collectors and consumers that own, buy and sell them.

Once we have authenticated and assigned a grade to a collectible, we encapsulate it in a tamper-evident, clear plastic holder, or issue a certificate of authenticity, that (i) identifies the specific collectible, (ii) sets forth the quality grade we have assigned to it and (iii) bears one of our brand names and logos: "PCGS" for coins, "PSA" for trading cards and event tickets, "PSA/DNA" for autographs and memorabilia and "PSE" for stamps. Additionally, we warrant our certification of the authenticity and the quality grade that we assign to the coins, trading cards, currency and stamps bearing our brands. We do not warrant the authenticity determinations we make with respect to autographs.

We principally generate revenues from the fees paid for our authentication and grading services. To a much lesser extent, we generate revenues from other related services consisting of: (i) the sale of advertising on our websites;
(ii) the sale of printed publications and collectibles price guides and advertising in such publications and on our website; (iii) the sale of membership subscriptions in our Collectors Club, which is designed principally to attract interest in high-value collectibles among new collectors; (iv) the sale of subscriptions to our CCE dealer-to-dealer Internet bid-ask market for certified coins; and (v) the collectibles trade show conventions that we conduct. We also generate revenues from sales of our collectibles inventory, which is comprised primarily of collectible coins that we have purchased under our coin grading warranty program; however, these activities are not the focus of or an integral part of our business.

Acquired Businesses in our Continuing Operations. On July 14, 2005, we purchased, for an aggregate purchase price of $515,000 in cash, substantially all the assets of CoinFacts.com, which operated an Internet website on which it published detailed proprietary information and history on U.S. Coins.

On September 2, 2005, we acquired, for an aggregate purchase price of $2,377,000 in cash, the common stock of Certified Coin Exchange ("CCE"), which operates a subscription-based dealer-to-dealer Internet bid-ask market for third-party certified coins. An affiliated, but unrelated business, CTP, was acquired as part of this acquisition and was disposed of by us in November 2005.

Effective July 1, 2006 we acquired, for an aggregate purchase price of $2,475,000 in cash, all of the outstanding ownership interests of Expos Unlimited LLC ("Expos"), a California limited liability company engaged in the business of owning and conducting collectibles trade shows and conventions.

Discontinued Operations

During the period from fiscal 2006 through the latter part of fiscal 2009, we were also engaged in the business of authenticating and grading diamonds and colored gemstones (the "jewelry businesses") and currency.

In the second quarter of fiscal 2009, the Board of Directors approved a plan to dispose of our currency grading and authentication business, which we sold in February, 2009.


In March, 2009 our Board of Directors adopted a plan to dispose of our jewelry businesses in order to focus our financial and managerial resources, and expertise, on our collectible coin, trading card, autographs and memorabilia and stamp authentication and grading businesses (our "collectibles businesses"). The decision to implement this plan was based on a number of factors and considerations that included, among others, the continued operating losses of the jewelry businesses, which had proved to be disappointing and had not met expectations; the current economic climate prevailing in the United States, which has materially and adversely affected the jewelry and other luxury goods markets; and the additional capital that would be required to grow the jewelry businesses in comparison to the lower capital requirements of our collectibles grading and authentication businesses. See BUSINESS-Recent Developments-Discontinued Operations of Collectibles Sales Businesses" in Part I of this Report. Pursuant to that plan, in March 2009 we discontinued our jewelry businesses and have disposed of substantially all the assets of our jewelry businesses.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2009, the Board of Directors decided that we cease internal development of the business or assets of the Gemprint identification technologies, which we acquired in fiscal 2006, and we are currently in the process of selling the Gemprint assets.

In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard ("SFAS") No. 144, the assets and related liabilities of these businesses and their related operating results were classified as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements and prior period financial statements have been restated on that same basis. See "Selected Financial Data" and our Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 in Part II of this Report.

Additionally, as a result of our divestiture of our jewelry and currency authentication and grading businesses and their classification as discontinued operations, our collectibles authentication and grading businesses comprise our continuing operations and the discussion that follows focuses almost entirely on those businesses

Factors That Can Affect Operating Results and our Financial Position

Factors that Can Affect our Revenues. Our revenues generated by our continuing operations are comprised of (i) fees generated by our authentication and grading of high-value collectibles, and (ii) to a lesser extent, revenues from sales of collectibles club memberships, advertising on our websites and in printed publications and collectibles price guides, subscription-based revenues primarily generated by our CCE dealer-to-dealer Internet bid-ask market for collectible coins that have been authenticated and graded (collectively, "certified") and fees earned from the management, operation and promotion of collectibles trade shows and conventions. Our revenues also include revenues from sales of products, which consist primarily of coins that we purchase under our warranty policy. However, those revenues, which vary from period to period depending on the volume and dollar amounts of the coin warranty claims we receive, are not the focus and do not constitute an integral part of our business.

Our authentication and grading fees accounted for approximately 80% of our total net revenues in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively, and 84% in fiscal 2007. The amounts of such revenues are primarily affected by
(i) the volume and mix of authentication and grading submissions among coins and trading cards, on the one hand, and other collectibles on the other hand,
(ii) in the case of coins and trading cards, the "turn-around" times requested by our customers, because we charge higher fees for faster service times, and
(iii) the mix of authentication and grading submissions between vintage or "classic" coins and trading cards, on the one hand, and modern coins and trading cards, on the other hand, because dealers generally request faster turn-around times for vintage or classic coins and trading cards than they do for modern submissions, as vintage or classic collectibles are of significantly higher value and are more saleable by dealers than modern coins and trading cards.

Our revenues also are affected by the level of coin authentication and grading submissions we receive at collectibles trade shows where we provide on-site authentication and grading services to show attendees, because they typically request higher priced same-day turn-around for the coins they submit at those shows. The level of trade show submissions will vary from period to period depending upon a number of factors, including the number and the timing of the shows, the volume of collectible coins bought or sold at those shows by dealers and collectors, and short-term decisions made by dealers during shows, In addition, the number of such submissions and, therefore, the revenues we generate from the authentication and grading of coins at trade shows can be impacted by short-term changes in the price of gold that sometimes occur around the time of the shows, which can affect the volume of coin transactions that take place at the shows.


Five of our coin authentication and grading customers accounted, in the aggregate, for approximately 10% of our total net revenues in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009. As a result, the loss of any of those customers, or a significant decrease in the volume of grading submissions from any of them to us, would cause our net revenues to decline and, therefore, could adversely affect our results of operations.

Factors Affecting our Gross Profit Margins. The gross profit margins we earn on collectibles authentication and grading submissions also are primarily affected by (i) the volume and mix of those submissions among coins, trading cards and other collectibles, because we generally realize higher margins on coin submissions than on submissions of other collectibles; (ii) in the case of coins and trading cards, the "turn-around" times requested by our customers, because we charge higher fees for faster service times, and (iii) the mix of authentication and grading submissions between vintage or "classic" coins and trading cards, on the one hand, and modern coins and trading cards, on the other hand, because dealers generally request faster turn-around times for vintage or classic coins and trading cards than they do for modern submissions. Furthermore, because a significant proportion of our costs of sales are fixed in nature in the short-term, our gross profit margin is also affected by the overall volume of collectibles that we authenticate and grade in any period.

Impact of Economic Conditions on our Financial Performance. We generate all of our revenues from continuing operations from the collectibles markets. As a result, the demand for our services and, therefore, our revenues, depend to a great extent on the volume of purchases and sales of the high-value collectibles that we authenticate, because dealers and collectors most often submit collectibles to us for authenticating and grading in anticipation of or in connection with their sales and purchases of those collectibles ("collectibles transactions"). The volume of collectibles transactions is, in turn, primarily affected by (i) the disposable income available to collectors and their confidence about future economic conditions, because high-value collectibles are generally viewed as luxury goods and are purchased with disposable income;
(ii) the cash flows generated by collectibles dealers and their confidence about future economic conditions, which affect the willingness of such dealers to purchase collectibles for resale; (iii) the availability and cost of borrowings because collectibles dealers often rely on borrowings to fund their purchases of collectibles, (iv) prevailing and anticipated rates of inflation, because the threat of and actual increases in inflation often lead investors and consumers to purchase gold and silver coins as a hedge against inflation, and (v) the performance and volatility of the gold and other precious metals markets and the stock markets, which affects the level of purchases and sales of collectible coins, because investors and consumers will often increase their purchases of gold coins if they believe that the market prices of gold will increase or the prices of stock will decline. As a result, generally, collectibles transactions and, as a result, the demand for our authentication and grading services, increase during periods characterized by economic growth, accessibility to lower cost borrowings, or increases in inflation or in gold prices. By contrast, collectibles transactions and, therefore, the demand for our services generally decline during periods characterized by economic downturns or recessions, declines in consumer and business confidence, an absence of inflationary pressure, or declines in the market prices of gold. However, these conditions can sometimes counteract each other as it is not uncommon, for example, for investors to shift funds from gold to stocks during periods of economic growth and consumer and business confidence.

The current economic recession in the United States, continued uncertainty about the ultimate severity and duration of that recession, declines in cash flow that is available to collectibles dealers as a result of the credit crisis (which has made it difficult for collectibles dealers to obtain borrowings to fund their purchases) and the carrying costs of maintaining an inventory of high-value collectibles, combined to reduce the volume of collectibles transactions and the demand for our services during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009. As a result, during that year, we experienced declines in the demand for and in the revenues generated by all of our authentication and grading businesses.

The following tables provide information regarding the respective number of coins, trading cards, autographs and stamps that we graded or authenticated in the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009, 2008, and 2007.

                                             Units Processed
                        2009                      2008                      2007
Coins             1,456,100        52 %     1,474,900        48 %     1,558,700        51 %
Trading cards     1,171,600        41 %     1,329,500        43 %     1,262,700        41 %
Autographs          168,100         6 %       199,600         7 %       169,800         6 %
Stamps               25,700         1 %        53,000         2 %        66,200         2 %
Total             2,821,500       100 %     3,057,000       100 %     3,057,400       100 %


The following table sets forth the estimated values at which our customers insured the coins, trading cards, autographs and stamps that they submitted to us for grading or authentication.

                                          Declared Values (000)
                        2009                      2008                      2007
Coins           $ 1,119,000        91 %   $ 1,327,000        90 %   $ 1,435,000        92 %
Trading cards        79,000         6 %        90,000         6 %        88,000         6 %
Autographs           15,000         1 %        26,000         2 %        24,000         1 %
Stamps               22,000         2 %        25,000         2 %        12,000         1 %
Total           $ 1,235,000       100 %   $ 1,468,000       100 %   $ 1,559,000       100 %

Factors That Can Affect our Financial Position. A substantial number of our authentication and grading customers prepay our authentication and grading fees when they submit their collectibles to us for authentication and grading. As a result, historically, we have been able to rely on internally generated cash and have never incurred borrowings to fund our continuing operations. We expect that internally generated cash flow will be sufficient to fund our continuing operations.

Besides the day to day operating performance of our business, our overall financial position can also be affected by the Company's capital raising or stock buyback activities, the dividend policy adopted by the Board of Directors from time to time, and the Company's decisions to invest in and to fund the acquisition of new established businesses and or early-stage businesses. In addition, our financial position reflects the Company's tax position in that the Company may only be required to pay minimum taxes, when it has net operating losses available to offset current period taxable income and the investment policy adopted for its cash balances, as this will impact the level of interest income earned on those cash balances.

Trends and Challenges in and Opportunities for our Businesses

The principal trends affecting our business are the economic recession and credit crisis, and uncertainties as to the ultimate severity and duration are continuing to adversely affect collectibles commerce and, as a result, the demand for our services and, hence, our revenues.

We do not know and cannot predict, with any level of assurance, the changes in the spending and savings habits of consumers and collectibles dealers and the effect of these changes on our business. As a result, we will continue to focus on (i) achieving further reductions in our cost structure for cost of sales and our selling, general and administrative expenses during fiscal 2010 as a means to offset the potential impact of the economic recession and credit crisis on our net revenues and (ii) developing new sources of revenues within the collectibles market, in order to increase our net revenues and, together with costs savings, to increase our profitability.


Overview of Fiscal 2009 Operating Results

The following table sets forth comparative financial data for the years ended
June 30, 2009 and 2008.

                                                Year Ended June 30, 2009                Year Ended June 30, 2008
                                                                  Percent of                              Percent of
                                               Amount              Revenues             Amount             Revenues
Net revenues                               $       35,914                100.0 %    $       39,505              100.0 %
Cost of revenues                                   16,385                 45.6 %            19,779               50.1 %
Gross profit                                       19,529                 54.4 %            19,726               49.9 %
Selling and marketing expenses                      4,306                 12.0 %             5,137               13.0 %
General and administrative expenses                11,615                 32.4 %            12,793               32.4 %
Impairment losses                                     649                  1.8 %                 -                  -
Amortization of intangible assets                     871                  2.4 %               490                1.2 %
Operating income                                    2,088                  5.8 %             1,306                3.3 %
Interest income, net                                  284                  0.8 %             1,138                2.9 %
Other income                                           14                    -                   6                  -
Income before provision for income taxes            2,386                  6.6 %             2,450                6.2 %
Provision for income taxes                          1,183                  3.3 %             2,155                5.5 %
Income from continuing operations                   1,203                  3.3 %               295                0.7 %
Loss from discontinued operations                 (18,126 )              (50.4 )%          (15,927 )            (40.3 )%
Net loss                                   $      (16,923 )              (47.1 )%   $      (15,632 )            (39.6 )%
Net loss per diluted share:
Income from continuing operations          $         0.13                           $         0.03
Loss from discontinued operations                   (1.98 )                                  (1.69 )
Net loss                                   $        (1.85 )                         $        (1.66 )

As the above table indicates, despite a $3.6 million, or 9.1% decrease in net revenues in fiscal 2009, as compared to fiscal 2008, our gross profits declined by only $197,000, or 1%, and our operating income (inclusive of an impairment loss of $649,000), increased by $782,000, or 60%, in fiscal 2009, compared with 2008.

Due primarily to an $854,000 decrease in interest income in fiscal 2009, as compared to 2008, which more than offset the increase in operating income that we achieved, our pre-tax income decreased by $64,000, or 2.6%, in 2009, compared to 2008. That decrease in interest income was attributable to the combined effects of declines in our average cash balances and prevailing interest rates during fiscal 2009.

The improved operating performance primarily reflects cost reductions and efficiencies implemented in fiscal 2009 and the absence of the increased warranty costs of $822,000 that we recognized in fiscal 2008. See "Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates - Grading Warranty Costs" below.

The loss from discontinued operations in fiscal 2009 of $18,126,000 was, primarily, the result of the operating losses, impairment losses and losses we recognized on the closure and disposal of our former jewelry authentication and grading businesses and our currency grading business that we exited in fiscal 2009. The losses on the closure and disposal of our jewelry businesses included $4,000,000 for on-going lease commitments and other charges that we will have to pay under leases for office facilities, in New York City, that had been occupied by our jewelry businesses prior to our discontinuance of and exit from those businesses. At June 30, 2009, the amount of such accrual was $4,454,000.

These, as well as other factors affecting our operating results in the fiscal 2009, are described in more detail below. See "Results of Operations".

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

General. In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), we record our assets at the lower of cost or fair value. In determining the fair value of certain of our assets, principally accounts and notes receivable and inventories, we must make judgments, estimates and assumptions regarding circumstances or trends that could affect the value of those assets, such as economic conditions or trends that could impact our ability to fully collect our accounts receivable or realize the value of our inventories in future periods. Those judgments, estimates, and assumptions are based on current information available to us at that time. Many of those conditions, trends and circumstances, however, are outside of our control and, if changes were to occur in the events,


trends or other circumstances on which our judgments or estimates were based, or other unanticipated events were to happen that might affect our operations, we may be required under GAAP to adjust our earlier estimates. Changes in such estimates may require that we reduce the carrying value of the affected assets on our balance sheet (which are commonly referred to as "write-downs" of the assets involved).

It is our practice to establish reserves or allowances to record such downward adjustments or write-downs in the carrying value of assets, such as (for example) accounts and notes receivable and inventory. Such write-downs are recorded as charges to income or increases in expense in our statement of operations in the periods when those reserves or allowances are established or increased to take account of changed conditions or events. As a result, our judgments, estimates and assumptions about future events and changes in the conditions, events or trends upon which those estimates and judgments were made, can and will affect not only the amounts at which we record such assets on our balance sheet, but also our results of operations.

The decisions as to the timing of adjustments or write-downs of this nature also require subjective evaluations or assessments about the effects and duration of events or changes in circumstances. For example, it is difficult to predict whether events or conditions, such as increases in interest rates or economic slowdowns, will have short or longer term consequences for our business, and it is not uncommon for it to take some time after the occurrence of an event or the onset of changes in economic circumstances for their full effects to be recognized. Therefore, management makes such estimates based upon the information available at that time and reevaluates and adjusts its reserves and allowances for potential write-downs on a quarterly basis.

During fiscal year 2006 and in the first quarter of fiscal year 2007, we acquired certain businesses and assets (some of which are now classified as part of discontinued operations, as we have closed, or disposed of or are in the process of selling such assets) and, in accordance with GAAP, we accounted for those acquisitions using the purchase method of accounting. That accounting method required us to allocate amounts paid for those businesses in excess of the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed, and to classify that excess as goodwill. In accordance with GAAP, we evaluate goodwill for impairment at least annually or more frequently if we believe that goodwill has been impaired in the interim due to changing facts or events (see "Goodwill" below). Other intangible assets that are separable from goodwill and have definite lives are subject to amortization over their remaining useful lives (see "Long-Lived Assets Other Than Goodwill" below). Indefinite-lived intangible assets are subject to on-going evaluation for impairment. Management formally evaluates the carrying value of its goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on the anniversary date of each of the business acquisitions that gave rise to the recording of such assets. In the event it is determined, from any such impairment analysis, that the estimated fair value of any such assets has declined below their carrying values, it would become necessary for us to recognize an impairment charge that would have the effect of reducing our income in the period when that charge is recognized.

We also estimate losses associated with the disposal of a business or the sale of assets when a decision has been made to dispose of or discontinue such business. In accordance with GAAP, assets available for sale are stated at the lower of costs or their net realizable value. In addition, the estimated fair value of liabilities for employee terminations is recognized as of the date such terminations are communicated to the affected employees and for lease obligations as of the date we cease using the real property or equipment subject to the lease.

In making our estimates and assumptions, we follow GAAP in order to enable us to make fair and consistent estimates of the fair value of assets and to establish adequate reserves or allowances for possible write-downs in the carrying values of our assets.

Set forth below is a summary of the accounting policies and critical estimates that we believe are material to an understanding of our financial condition and results of operations.

. . .

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