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| USNA > SEC Filings for USNA > Form 10-Q on 11-Aug-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
11-Aug-2009
Quarterly Report
The following discussion and analysis of USANA's financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto that are contained in this quarterly report, as well as Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations that are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 3, 2009, and our other filings, including Current Reports on Form 8-K, that have been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") through the date of this report.
Our fiscal year end is the Saturday closest to December 31st of each year. Fiscal year 2009 will end on January 2, 2010 and is a 52-week year. Fiscal year 2008 ended on January 3, 2009 and was a 53-week year.
Overview
We develop and manufacture high-quality nutritional and personal care products that are distributed internationally through a network marketing system, which is a form of direct selling. Our customer base comprises two types of customers; "Associates" and "Preferred Customers." Associates are independent distributors of our products who also purchase our products for their personal use. Preferred Customers purchase our products strictly for their personal use and are not permitted to resell or to distribute the products. As of July 4, 2009, we had approximately 200,000 active Associates and approximately 69,000 active Preferred Customers worldwide. For purposes of this report, we only count as active customers those Associates and Preferred Customers who have purchased product from USANA at any time during the most recent three-month period, either for personal use or for resale.
We have ongoing operations in the following markets, which are grouped and presented as follows:
† North America
† United States
† Canada
† Mexico
† Asia Pacific
† Southeast Asia/Pacific - Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Malaysia, and the Philippines*
† East Asia - Hong Kong and Taiwan
† North Asia - Japan and South Korea
Because we have operations in multiple markets, with sales and expenses being generated and incurred in multiple currencies, our reported U.S. dollar sales and earnings can be significantly affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates. In general, our reported sales and earnings are affected positively by a weakening of the U.S. dollar and negatively by a strengthening of the U.S. dollar.
Our primary product lines consist of USANA† Nutritionals and Sensé - beautiful science† (Sensé), which is our line of personal care products. The USANA Nutritionals product line is further categorized into three separate classifications: Essentials, Optimizers, and USANA Foods (formerly Macro Optimizers). The following tables summarize the approximate percentage of total product revenue that has been contributed by our major product lines and our top-selling products for the current and prior-year periods indicated:
Six Months Ended
June 28, July 4,
Product Line 2008 2009
USANA® Nutritionals
Essentials 35 % 33 %
Optimizers 40 % 43 %
USANA Foods 13 % 12 %
Sensé - beautiful science® 10 % 9 %
All Other * 2 % 3 %
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Six Months Ended
June 28, July 4,
Key Product 2008 2009
USANA® Essentials 20 % 19 %
HealthPak 100 ™ 12 % 12 %
Proflavanol® 10 % 11 %
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As a manufacturer of nutritional and personal care products utilizing direct
selling for the distribution of our products, we compete within two industries:
direct selling and nutrition. We believe that the most significant factors
affecting us are the aging of the worldwide population, the general public's
heightened awareness and understanding of the connection between diet and
health, and the growing desire for a secondary source of income, all of which
affect our ability to attract and retain Associates and Preferred Customers to
sell and consume our products.
The number of active Associates and Preferred Customers is used by management as a key non-financial measure because the number of customers purchasing our products is a leading indicator for product sales. Associate sales account for the majority of our product sales, representing 89% of product sales during the six months ended July 4, 2009. Typically, changes in product sales are not significantly affected by changes in product price, but rather, they are affected by variations in product sales volumes principally relating to changes in the number of active Associates and Preferred Customers purchasing our products. Notably, the volume of average monthly product purchases by our active Associates and Preferred Customers, in their local currencies, remains relatively constant over time. Accordingly, sales growth in local currencies is driven primarily by an increased number of active Associates and Preferred Customers.
We believe that our high-quality products and our financially rewarding Associate compensation plan ("Compensation Plan") are the key components to attracting and retaining Associates. To support our Associates in building their businesses, we sponsor meetings and events throughout the year, which offer information about our products and our network marketing system. These meetings are designed to assist Associates in their business development and to provide a forum for interaction with some of our Associate leaders and members of the USANA management team. We also provide low cost sales tools, which we believe are an integral part of building and maintaining a successful home-based business for our Associates.
In addition to Company-sponsored meetings and sales tools, we maintain a website exclusively for our Associates where they can keep up-to-date on the latest USANA news, obtain training materials, manage their personal information, enroll new customers, shop, and register for Company-sponsored events. Additionally, through this website, Associates can access other online services to which they may subscribe. For example, we offer an online business management service, which includes a tool that helps Associates track and manage their business activity, a personal webpage to which their prospects or retail customers can be directed, e-cards for advertising, and a tax management tool.
The tables below summarize the changes in our active customer base by geographic region. These numbers have been rounded to the nearest thousand as of the dates indicated.
Active Associates By Region
As of As of Change from Percent
June 28, 2008 July 4, 2009 Prior Year Change
North America:
United States 57,000 33.7 % 65,000 32.5 % 8,000 14.0 %
Canada 26,000 15.4 % 26,000 13.0 % - 0.0 %
Mexico 13,000 7.7 % 15,000 7.5 % 2,000 15.4 %
North America Total 96,000 56.8 % 106,000 53.0 % 10,000 10.4 %
Asia Pacific:
Southeast Asia/Pacific 39,000 23.1 % 46,000 23.0 % 7,000 17.9 %
East Asia 27,000 16.0 % 40,000 20.0 % 13,000 48.1 %
North Asia 7,000 4.1 % 8,000 4.0 % 1,000 14.3 %
Asia Pacific Total 73,000 43.2 % 94,000 47.0 % 21,000 28.8 %
169,000 100.0 % 200,000 100.0 % 31,000 18.3 %
Active Preferred Customers By Region
As of As of Change from Percent
June 28, 2008 July 4, 2009 Prior Year Change
North America:
United States 49,000 63.6 % 42,000 60.9 % (7,000 ) (14.3 )%
Canada 17,000 22.1 % 15,000 21.7 % (2,000 ) (11.8 )%
Mexico 3,000 3.9 % 3,000 4.3 % - 0.0 %
North America Total 69,000 89.6 % 60,000 86.9 % (9,000 ) (13.0 )%
Asia Pacific:
Southeast Asia/Pacific 6,000 7.8 % 7,000 10.1 % 1,000 16.7 %
East Asia 1,000 1.3 % 1,000 1.5 % - 0.0 %
North Asia 1,000 1.3 % 1,000 1.5 % - 0.0 %
Asia Pacific Total 8,000 10.4 % 9,000 13.1 % 1,000 12.5 %
77,000 100.0 % 69,000 100.0 % (8,000 ) (10.4 )%
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Total Active Customers By Region
As of As of Change from Percent
June 28, 2008 July 4, 2009 Prior Year Change
North America:
United States 106,000 43.1 % 107,000 39.8 % 1,000 0.9 %
Canada 43,000 17.5 % 41,000 15.2 % (2,000 ) (4.7 )%
Mexico 16,000 6.5 % 18,000 6.7 % 2,000 12.5 %
North America Total 165,000 67.1 % 166,000 61.7 % 1,000 0.6 %
Asia Pacific:
Southeast Asia/Pacific 45,000 18.3 % 53,000 19.7 % 8,000 17.8 %
East Asia 28,000 11.4 % 41,000 15.2 % 13,000 46.4 %
North Asia 8,000 3.2 % 9,000 3.4 % 1,000 12.5 %
Asia Pacific Total 81,000 32.9 % 103,000 38.3 % 22,000 27.2 %
246,000 100.0 % 269,000 100.0 % 23,000 9.3 %
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Our primary growth strategy includes continuing to attract and retain Associates through increased investment in Associate events and the marketing of our Compensation Plan. This includes continued Associate education on our Compensation Plan and the two enhancements that were announced during the third quarter of 2008 - the Elite Bonus and the Matching Bonus. Other growth opportunities that we frequently evaluate include entering new markets, introducing new products, re-formulating existing products, strategic acquisitions, and capital investments that will help support our growth.
Forward-Looking Statements and Certain Risks
The statements contained in this report that are not purely historical are considered to be "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act. These statements represent our expectations, hopes, beliefs, anticipations, commitments, intentions, and strategies regarding the future. They may be identified by the use of words or phrases such as "believes," "expects," "anticipates," "should," "plans," "estimates," and "potential," among others. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements contained in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations regarding our financial performance, revenue, and expense levels in the future and the sufficiency of our existing assets to fund our future operations and capital spending needs. Readers are cautioned that actual results could differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations that are expressed in these forward-looking statements for the reasons that are detailed in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. The fact that some of these risk factors may be the same or similar to those in our past SEC reports means only that the risks are present in multiple periods. We believe that many of the risks detailed here and in our other SEC filings are part of doing business in the industry in which we operate and will likely be present in all periods reported. The fact that certain risks are common in the industry does not lessen their significance. The forward-looking statements contained in this report, are made as of the date of this report, and we assume no obligation to update them or to update the reasons why our actual results could differ from those that we have projected. Among others, risks and uncertainties that may affect our business, financial condition, performance, development, and results of operations include:
† Our ability to attract and maintain a sufficient number of Associates;
† Our dependence upon a network marketing system to distribute our products;
† Activities of our independent Associates;
† Our planned expansion into international markets, including delays in commencement of sales in any new market, delays in compliance with local marketing or other regulatory requirements, or changes in target markets;
† Rigorous government scrutiny of network marketing practices;
† Potential political events, natural disasters, or other events that may negatively affect economic conditions;
† Potential effects of adverse publicity regarding the Company, nutritional supplements, or the network marketing industry;
† Reliance on key management personnel;
† Extensive government regulation of the Company's products, manufacturing, and network marketing system;
† Potential inability to sustain or manage growth, including the failure to continue to develop new products;
† An increase in the amount of Associate incentives;
† Our reliance on the use of information technology;
† The adverse effect of the loss of a high-level sponsoring Associate, together with a group of leading Associates, in that person's downline;
† The loss of product market share or Associates to competitors;
† Potential adverse effects of customs, duties, taxation, and transfer pricing regulations, including regulations governing distinctions between and Company responsibilities to employees and independent contractors;
† The fluctuation in the value of foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar;
† Our reliance on outside suppliers for raw materials and certain manufactured items;
† Shortages of raw materials that we use in certain of our products;
† Significant price increases of our key raw materials;
† Product liability claims and other risks that may arise with our manufacturing activity;
† Intellectual property risks;
† Liability claims that may arise with our "Athlete Guarantee" program;
† Continued compliance with debt covenants;
† Disruptions to shipping channels that are used to distribute our products to international warehouses; and
† The outcome of regulatory and litigation matters.
Results of Operations
Summary of Financial Results and Recent Developments
Net sales for the second quarter of 2009 increased $2.9 million to $112.1 million, compared with $109.2 million in the second quarter of 2008. Net sales during the first six months of 2009 decreased $1.4 million to $209.4 million, compared with $210.8 million for the same period in 2008. The most significant items impacting net sales during the second quarter and first six months of 2009 were negative changes in currency exchange rates (i.e. a significant strengthening of the U.S. dollar when compared to prior year exchange rates) and changes in product sales driven by an 18.3% increase in the number of active Associates and a 10.4% decrease in the number of active Preferred Customers. Net sales were also impacted by the commencement of our
operations in the Philippines in January, which added $1.6 million to net sales for the quarter and $3.3 million for the first six months of 2009, and to a lesser extent, an increase in product prices in certain of our markets.
Net earnings during the second quarter of 2009 decreased 12.8% to $8.8 million from $10.1 million in the second quarter of 2008. Net earnings during the first six months of 2009 decreased 11.2% to $15.4 million from $17.4 million during the same period of the prior year. These decreases were due primarily to the negative effect of currency exchange rates and higher Associate incentives expense relative to net sales, which were offset in part by lower selling, general and administrative expense and a lower effective tax rate.
Quarters Ended June 28, 2008 and July 4, 2009
Net Sales
The following table summarizes the changes in our net sales by geographic region
for the quarters ended as of the dates indicated:
Net Sales by Region Change
(in thousands) Change Impact of excluding
Quarter Ended from prior Percent currency the impact
June 28, 2008 July 4, 2009 year change exchange of currency
North America:
United States $ 40,125 36.8 % $ 39,908 35.6 % $ (217 ) (0.5 )% N/A (0.5 )%
Canada 19,527 17.9 % 16,454 14.7 % (3,073 ) (15.7 )% (2,482 ) (3.0 )%
Mexico 6,269 5.7 % 6,379 5.7 % 110 1.8 % (1,742 ) 29.5 %
North America
Total 65,921 60.4 % 62,741 56.0 % (3,180 ) (4.8 )% (4,224 ) 1.6 %
Asia Pacific:
Southeast
Asia/Pacific 24,170 22.1 % 24,518 21.9 % 348 1.4 % (4,116 ) 18.5 %
East Asia 15,057 13.8 % 19,649 17.5 % 4,592 30.5 % (375 ) 33.0 %
North Asia 4,060 3.7 % 5,185 4.6 % 1,125 27.7 % (372 ) 36.9 %
Asia Pacific
Total 43,287 39.6 % 49,352 44.0 % 6,065 14.0 % (4,863 ) 25.2 %
$ 109,208 100.0 % $ 112,093 100.0 % $ 2,885 2.6 % $ (9,087 ) 11.0 %
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The decrease in net sales in North America was primarily due to the impact of negative currency exchange rates on net sales in Canada and Mexico. Negative changes to currency decreased net sales in these two markets by $4.2 million in the second quarter of 2009 when compared with the second quarter of 2008. Excluding changes in currency exchange rates, sales in Mexico increased by 29.5% when compared with the second quarter of 2008; however sales in Canada decreased by 3.0%. These changes were due to the fluctuations in product sales related to changes in the number of active Associates and Preferred Customers in each of these markets.
Although the number of active Associates in the United States increased 14.0% in the second quarter of 2009 when compared with the second quarter of 2008, net sales in this market declined slightly. We believe that this is due primarily to a decrease in product sales to Preferred Customers, since the number of active Preferred Customers decreased by 14.3% in the second quarter of 2009 when compared with the second quarter of 2008. We have also seen a slight decrease in the average product order amount from new Associates on their initial purchase. We believe that both of these decreases are due primarily to current economic conditions. For the first time in over a year, however, the number of active Preferred Customers in the United States increased slightly on a sequential quarter basis.
The increase in net sales in Asia Pacific was due mainly to higher product sales resulting from a 28.8% increase in the number of active Associates in the second quarter of 2009 when compared with the second quarter of 2008. Most of this increase in the number of active Associates came from double-digit growth in Hong Kong, Malaysia, and South Korea, and also the commencement of our operations in the Philippines. Sales growth in this region was partially offset by negative changes to currency exchange rates, which reduced net sales by $4.9 million. Similar to the United States, we have also seen a slight decrease in the average product order amount from new Associates on their initial purchase in certain markets within this region. Sales in this region were also affected, to a lesser extent, by an increase in product prices in certain of our markets.
Gross Profit
Gross profit decreased to 78.8% of net sales for the quarter ended July 4, 2009, from 80.0% for the same quarter in 2008. This decrease in gross profit margin can be attributed primarily to negative changes in currency exchange rates and increased costs of certain raw materials. This decrease, however, was partially offset by product price increases, mostly in our Asia Pacific region, and lower relative freight costs on shipments to our customers.
Associate Incentives
As a percentage of net sales, Associate incentives increased to 44.9% during the second quarter of 2009, compared with 41.8% for the second quarter of 2008. This increase was due to the Compensation Plan enhancements (the Elite Bonus and Matching Bonus) that were implemented in the third quarter of 2008.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased to 22.1% of net sales for the quarter ended July 4, 2009, compared with 23.6% for the comparable quarter in 2008. In absolute terms, our selling, general, and administrative expenses decreased by $1.0 million. The most significant components of this decrease in absolute terms were as follows:
† A decrease in legal and other professional fees of approximately $0.9 million; and
† A decrease in promotional expenses of approximately $0.5 million.
The decreases in selling, general and administrative expenses listed above were partially offset by an increase in equity-based compensation expense of approximately $0.7 million.
The decrease in selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of net sales can be attributed to the decreases listed above, combined with slightly higher sales.
Income Taxes
Income taxes totaled 34.5% of earnings before income taxes for the second quarter of 2009, compared with 36.6% for the same quarter in 2008. This decrease was due to reduced tax reserves related to uncertain tax positions, a lower effective state tax rate, and benefits recognized for amended tax returns.
Diluted Earnings Per Share
Diluted earnings per share decreased $0.04, or 6.6%, to $0.57 in the second quarter of 2009, compared with second quarter 2008 earnings per share of $0.61. This decrease was primarily due to the negative effect of currency exchange rates. Additionally, higher Associate Incentives expense and lower gross profit margins contributed to this decrease. This decrease was partially offset by lower absolute selling, general and administrative expenses, a lower number of average shares outstanding, and a lower effective tax rate.
Six Months Ended June 28, 2008 and July 4, 2009
Net Sales
The following table summarizes the changes in our net sales by geographic region
for the six month periods ended as of the dates indicated:
Net Sales by Region Change
(in thousands) Change Impact of excluding
Six Months Ended from prior Percent currency the impact
June 28, 2008 July 4, 2009 year change exchange of currency
North America:
United States $ 78,675 37.3 % $ 76,397 36.5 % $ (2,278 ) (2.9 )% N/A (2.9 )%
Canada 38,110 18.1 % 31,390 15.0 % (6,720 ) (17.6 )% (6,056 ) (1.7 )%
Mexico 11,411 5.4 % 10,849 5.2 % (562 ) (4.9 )% (3,206 ) 23.2 %
North America
Total 128,196 60.8 % 118,636 56.7 % (9,560 ) (7.5 )% (9,262 ) (0.2 )%
Asia Pacific:
Southeast
Asia/Pacific 45,715 21.7 % 44,456 21.2 % (1,259 ) (2.8 )% (8,807 ) 16.5 %
East Asia 28,672 13.6 % 36,604 17.5 % 7,932 27.7 % (702 ) 30.1 %
North Asia 8,195 3.9 % 9,696 4.6 % 1,501 18.3 % (764 ) 27.6 %
Asia Pacific
Total 82,582 39.2 % 90,756 43.3 % 8,174 9.9 % (10,273 ) 22.3 %
$ 210,778 100.0 % $ 209,392 100.0 % $ (1,386 ) (0.7 )% $ (19,535 ) 8.6 %
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The decrease in net sales in North America was primarily due to the impact of negative currency exchange rates on net sales in Canada and Mexico and to a decrease in net sales in the United States. Negative changes to currency decreased net sales in Canada and Mexico by $9.3 million in the first six months of 2009, when compared with the same period in 2008. Excluding changes in currency exchange rates; however sales in Mexico increased by 23.2% and sales in Canada decreased by 1.7% when compared with the first six months of 2008. These changes were due to the fluctuations in product sales related to the changes in the number of active Associates and Preferred Customers in each of these markets.
Although the number of active Associates in the United States has increased, net sales in this market declined slightly during the first six months of 2009 compared with the same period in 2008. We believe that this is due primarily to a decrease in product sales to Preferred Customers related to a decrease in the number of active customers in this group. We have also seen a slight decrease . . .
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