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| JLL > SEC Filings for JLL > Form 10-Q on 7-Aug-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
7-Aug-2009
Quarterly Report
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, included herein, and Jones Lang LaSalle's audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, which are included in our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and also available on our website (www.joneslanglasalle.com). You should also refer to Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, contained in our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The following discussion and analysis contains certain forward-looking statements which are generally identified by the words anticipates, believes, estimates, expects, plans, intends and other similar expressions. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause Jones Lang LaSalle's actual results, performance, achievements, plans and objectives to be materially different from any future results, performance, achievements, plans and objectives expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. See the Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements in Part II, Item 5. Other Information.
We present our quarterly Management's Discussion and Analysis in five sections, as follows:
(1) A summary of our critical accounting policies and estimates,
(2) Certain items affecting the comparability of results and certain market and
other risks that we face,
(3) The results of our operations, first on a consolidated basis and then for
each of our business segments,
(4) Consolidated cash flows, and
(5) Liquidity and capital resources.
Summary of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
An understanding of our accounting policies is necessary for a complete analysis of our results, financial position, liquidity and trends. See Note 2 of notes to consolidated financial statements in our 2008 Annual Report for a summary of our significant accounting policies.
The preparation of our financial statements requires management to make certain critical accounting estimates that impact the stated amount of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. These accounting estimates are based on management's judgment and are considered to be critical because of their significance to the financial statements and the possibility that future events may differ from current judgments, or that the use of different assumptions could result in materially different estimates. We review these estimates on a periodic basis to ensure reasonableness. Although actual amounts likely differ from such estimated amounts, we believe such differences are not likely to be material.
Asset Impairments
Within the balances of property and equipment used in our business, we have
computer equipment and software; leasehold improvements; furniture, fixtures and
equipment; and automobiles. We have recorded goodwill and other identified
intangibles from a series of acquisitions. We also invest in certain real estate
ventures that own and operate commercial real estate. Typically, these are
co-investments in funds that our Investment Management business establishes in
the ordinary course of business for its clients. These investments include
non-controlling ownership interests generally ranging from less than 1% to
48.78% of the respective ventures. We generally account for these interests
under the equity method of accounting in the accompanying consolidated financial
statements due to the nature of our non-controlling ownership.
Property and Equipment- We review property and equipment owned or under capital lease for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset group may not be recoverable. If impairment exists due to the inability to recover the carrying value of an asset group, we record an impairment loss to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value. We did not recognize an impairment loss related to property and equipment in the first six months of 2009 or 2008.
Goodwill -Goodwill is not amortized, but instead evaluated for impairment at least annually. To accomplish this annual evaluation, which we complete in the third quarter of each year, we determine the carrying value of each reporting unit by assigning assets and liabilities, including the existing goodwill, to those reporting units as of the date of evaluation. We define reporting units as Americas IOS, EMEA IOS, Asia Pacific IOS and Investment Management. We then determine the fair value of each reporting unit on the basis of a discounted cash flow methodology and compare it to the reporting unit's carrying value. The result of the 2008 evaluation was that the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying amount, and therefore we did not recognize an impairment loss.
In addition to our annual impairment evaluation, we evaluate whether events or circumstances have occurred in the period subsequent to our annual impairment testing which indicate that it is more likely than not an impairment loss has occurred. In the fourth quarter of 2008, we evaluated the continued applicability of our annual evaluation in light of the deterioration in the global economy and corresponding fall in our stock price during that quarter, the first quarter in which our book value exceeded our market capitalization. We updated that evaluation in the first quarter of 2009, as our book value also exceeded our market capitalization on March 31, 2009. There were no changes in our conclusion, in either period, that goodwill is not impaired, based on our forecasts of continued annual profitability and EBITDA generated by each of our reporting units sufficient to support the book values of net assets of each of these reporting units at industry-specific multiples.
In June 2009, we completed a public offering of our common stock at a price which indicated that our market capitalization exceeds our book value. On June 30, 2009, our market capitalization also exceeded our book value. With no significant changes in our long-term outlook of annual profitability and EBITDA generation, we continue to maintain our conclusion that goodwill is not impaired. However, it is possible our determination that goodwill for a reporting unit is not impaired could change in the future if economic conditions deteriorate for an extended period of time. Management will continue to monitor the relationship between the Company's market capitalization and book value, as well as the ability of our reporting units to deliver current and projected EBITDA and cash flows sufficient to support the book values of the net assets of their respective businesses.
Investments in Real Estate Ventures-We apply the provisions of APB 18, SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5-M, "Other Than Temporary Impairment of Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities" ("SAB 59"), SFAS 144 and EITF Issue No. 08-6, "Equity Method Investment Accounting Considerations," when evaluating investments in real estate ventures for impairment, including impairment evaluations of the individual assets underlying our investments. We review investments in real estate ventures on a quarterly basis for indications of whether the carrying value of the real estate assets underlying our investments in real estate ventures may not be recoverable or whether our investment in these co-investments is other than temporarily impaired. When events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a real estate asset underlying one of our investments in real estate ventures may be impaired, we review the recoverability of the carrying amount of the real estate asset in comparison to an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the underlying asset. When the carrying amount of the real estate asset is in excess of the future undiscounted cash flows, we use a discounted cash flow approach to determine the fair value of the asset in computing the amount of the impairment. We then record the portion of the impairment loss related to our investment in the reporting period. Additionally, we consider a number of factors, including our share of co-investment cash flows and the fair value of our co-investments in determining whether or not our investment is other than temporarily impaired.
Due to further declines in real estate markets, which we expect are having an adverse impact on rental income assumptions and forecasted exit capitalization rates, we determined that certain real estate investments had become impaired in the first six months of 2009. The results of these impairment analyses were primarily responsible for the recognition of $43.8 million of non-cash charges in the first six months of 2009 included in equity losses from real estate ventures, representing our equity share of these charges. It is reasonably possible that if real estate values continue to decline we may sustain additional impairment charges on our investments in real estate ventures in future periods. We recognized $0.6 million of impairment charges in the first six months of 2008.
Interim Period Accounting for Incentive Compensation An important part of our overall compensation package is incentive compensation, which we typically pay to our employees in the first or second quarter of the year after it is earned. In our interim financial statements, we accrue for most incentive compensation based on (1) a percentage of compensation costs and (2) an adjusted operating income recorded to date, relative to forecasted compensation costs and adjusted operating income for the full year, as substantially all incentive compensation pools are based upon full year results. As noted in "Interim Information" of Note 1 of the notes to consolidated financial statements, quarterly revenues and profits have historically tended to be higher in the third and fourth quarters of each year than in the first two quarters. The impact of this incentive compensation accrual methodology is that we accrue smaller percentages of incentive compensation in the first half of the year compared to the percentage of our incentive compensation we accrue in the third and fourth quarters. We adjust the incentive compensation accrual in those unusual cases where we have paid earned incentive compensation to employees. We exclude incentive compensation pools that are not subject to the normal performance criteria from the standard accrual methodology and accrue for them on a straight-line basis.
Certain employees receive a portion of their incentive compensation in the form of restricted stock units of our common stock. We recognize this compensation over the vesting period of these restricted stock units, which has the effect of deferring a portion of incentive compensation to later years. We recognize the benefit of deferring certain compensation under the stock ownership program in a manner consistent with the accrual of the underlying incentive compensation expense.
Given that we do not finalize individual incentive compensation awards until after year-end, we must estimate the portion of the overall incentive compensation pool that will qualify for this restricted stock program. This estimation factors in the performance of the Company and individual business units, together with the target bonuses for qualified individuals. Then, when we determine and announce compensation in the year following that to which the incentive compensation relates, we true-up the estimated stock ownership program deferral and related amortization.
The table below sets forth the deferral estimated at year end, and the adjustment made in the first quarter of the following year to true-up the deferral and related amortization ($ in millions):
December 31, December 31,
2008 2007
Deferral of compensation, net of related amortization
expense $ 14.3 24.3
Change in estimated deferred compensation in the first
quarter of the following year (1.2 ) (1.0 )
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The table below sets forth the amortization expense related to the stock ownership program for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 ($ in millions):
Three Months Three Months Six Months Six Months
Ended Ended Ended Ended
June 30, June 30, June 30, June 30,
2009 2008 2009 2008
Current compensation expense
amortization for prior year programs $ 6.2 6.7 14.4 14.7
Current deferral of compensation net of
related amortization (2.5 ) (4.8 ) (3.5 ) (8.0 )
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Self-insurance Programs
In our Americas business, and in common with many other American companies, we
have chosen to retain certain risks regarding health insurance and workers'
compensation rather than purchase third-party insurance. Estimating our exposure
to such risks involves subjective judgments about future developments. We
supplement our traditional global insurance program by the use of a captive
insurance company to provide professional indemnity and employment practices
insurance on a "claims made" basis. As professional indemnity claims can be
complex and take a number of years to resolve, we are required to estimate the
ultimate cost of claims.
- Health Insurance - We self-insure our health benefits for all U.S.-based employees, although we purchase stop loss coverage on an annual basis to limit our exposure. We self-insure because we believe that on the basis of our historic claims experience, the demographics of our workforce and trends in the health insurance industry, we incur reduced expense by self-insuring our health benefits as opposed to purchasing health insurance through a third party. We estimate our likely full-year health costs at the beginning of the year and expense this cost on a straight-line basis throughout the year. In the fourth quarter, we estimate the required reserve for unpaid health costs required at year-end.
Given the nature of medical claims, it may take up to 24 months for claims to be processed and recorded. The reserve balances for the programs related to 2009 and 2008 are $5.9 million and $0.7 million, respectively, at June 30, 2009.
The table below sets out certain information related to the cost of this program for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 ($ in millions):
Three Months Three Months Six Months Six Months
Ended Ended Ended Ended
June 30, June 30, June 30, June 30,
2009 2008 2009 2008
Expense to Company $ 6.1 4.5 12.4 9.4
Employee contributions 1.5 1.1 3.1 2.4
Adjustment to prior year reserve (0.4 ) (0.9 ) (0.4 ) (1.8 )
Total program cost $ 7.2 4.7 15.1 10.0
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- Workers' Compensation Insurance - Given our belief, based on historical experience, that our workforce has experienced lower costs than is normal for our industry, we have been self-insured for workers' compensation insurance for a number of years. We purchase stop loss coverage to limit our exposure to large, individual claims. On a periodic basis we accrue using various state rates based on job classifications. On an annual basis in the third quarter, we engage in a comprehensive analysis to develop a range of potential exposure, and considering actual experience, we reserve within that range. We accrue the estimated adjustment to income for the differences between this estimate and our reserve. The credits taken to income through the three months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 were $0.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively. The credits taken to income through the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 were $1.8 million and $1.7 million, respectively.
The reserves, which can relate to multiple years, were $14.2 million and $12.1 million, as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.
- Captive Insurance Company - In order to better manage our global insurance program and support our risk management efforts, we supplement our traditional insurance program by the use of a wholly-owned captive insurance company to provide professional indemnity and employment practices liability insurance coverage on a "claims made" basis. The level of risk retained by our captive is up to $2.5 million per claim (depending upon the location of the claim) and up to $12.5 million in the aggregate.
Professional indemnity insurance claims can be complex and take a number of years to resolve. Within our captive insurance company, we estimate the ultimate cost of these claims by way of specific claim reserves developed through periodic reviews of the circumstances of individual claims, as well as reserves against current year exposures on the basis of our historic loss ratio. The increase in the level of risk retained by the captive means we would expect that the amount and the volatility of our estimate of reserves will be increased over time. With respect to the consolidated financial statements, when a potential loss event occurs, management estimates the ultimate cost of the claims and accrues the related cost in accordance with SFAS 5, "Accounting for Contingencies."
The reserves for professional indemnity insurance claims, which relate to multiple years, were $3.5 million and $6.2 million, net of receivables from third party insurers, as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method. We recognize
deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable
to (i) differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing
assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and (ii) operating loss
and tax credit carryforwards. We measure deferred tax assets and liabilities
using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in
which we expect those temporary differences to be recovered or settled. We
recognize the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax
rates in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
Because of the global and cross border nature of our business, our corporate tax position is complex. We generally provide for taxes in each tax jurisdiction in which we operate based on local tax regulations and rules. Such taxes are provided on net earnings and include the provision of taxes on substantively all differences between financial statement amounts and amounts used in tax returns, excluding certain non-deductible items and permanent differences.
Our global effective tax rate is sensitive to the complexity of our operations as well as to changes in the mix of our geographic profitability, as local statutory tax rates range from 10% to 42% in the countries in which we have significant operations. We evaluate our estimated annual effective tax rate on a quarterly basis to reflect forecasted changes in:
(i) Our geographic mix of income,
(ii) Legislative actions on statutory tax rates,
(iii) The impact of tax planning to reduce losses in jurisdictions where we cannot recognize the tax benefit of those losses, and
(iv) Tax planning for jurisdictions affected by double taxation.
We continuously seek to develop and implement potential strategies and/or actions that would reduce our overall effective tax rate. We reflect the benefit from tax planning actions when we believe that they meet the recognition criteria under FIN 48, which usually requires that certain actions have been initiated. We provide for the effects of income taxes on interim financial statements based on our estimate of the effective tax rate for the full year.
Based on our forecasted results for the full year, we have estimated an effective tax rate of 15.0% for 2009. We believe that this is an achievable rate due to the mix of our income and the impact of tax planning activities. For the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2009, we used an effective tax rate of 15.0%; we ultimately achieved an effective tax rate of 24.9% for the year ended December 31, 2008. The estimated rate for 2009 differs from the prior year rate primarily due to a lower earnings forecast in high tax jurisdictions compared to last year.
Items Affecting Comparability
Macroeconomic Conditions
Our results of operations and the variability of these results are significantly
influenced by macroeconomic trends, the global and regional real estate markets
and the financial and credit markets. Recent restrictions on credit and the
general decline of the global economy have significantly impacted the global
real estate market and our results of operations. These trends have had, and we
expect to continue to have, a significant impact on the variability of our
results of operations.
LaSalle Investment Management Revenues
Our investment management business is in part compensated through the receipt of
incentive fees where performance of underlying funds' investments exceeds
agreed-to benchmark levels. Depending upon performance and the contractual
timing of measurement periods with clients, these fees can be significant and
vary substantially from period to period.
"Equity in (losses) earnings from real estate ventures" may also vary
substantially from period to period for a variety of reasons, including as a
result of: (i) impairment charges, (ii) realized gains on asset dispositions, or
(iii) incentive fees recorded as equity earnings. The timing of recognition of
these items may impact comparability between quarters, in any one year, or
compared to a prior year.
The comparability of these items can be seen in Note 4 of the notes to consolidated financial statements and is discussed further in Segment Operating Results included herein.
Transactional-Based Revenues
Transactional-based services for real estate investment banking, capital markets
activities and other transactional-based services within our Investor and
Occupier Services businesses increase the variability of the revenues we receive
that relate to the size and timing of our clients' transactions. During 2008 and
into 2009, capital market transactions decreased significantly due to
deteriorating economic conditions and the global credit crisis. The timing and
the magnitude of these fees can vary significantly from year to year and quarter
to quarter.
Foreign Currency
We conduct business using a variety of currencies, but report our results in
U.S. dollars, as a result of which our reported results may be positively or
negatively impacted by the volatility of currencies against the U.S. dollar.
This volatility can make it more difficult to perform period-to-period
comparisons of the reported U.S. dollar results of operations; as such results
demonstrate a growth rate that might not have been consistent with the real
underlying growth or decline rate in the local operations. As a result, we
provide information about the impact of foreign currencies in the
period-to-period comparisons of the reported results of operations in our
discussion and analysis of financial condition in the Results of Operations
section below.
Seasonality
Historically, our revenue and profits have tended to be higher in the third and
fourth quarters of each year than in the first two quarters. This is the result
of a general focus in the real estate industry on completing or documenting
transactions by calendar-year-end and the fact that certain expenses are
constant throughout the year.
Our Investment Management segment generally earns investment-generated performance fees on clients' real estate investment returns and co-investment equity gains when assets are sold, the timing of which is geared towards the benefit of our clients.
Within our Investor and Occupier Services segments, revenue for capital markets activities relates to the size and timing of our clients' transactions and can fluctuate significantly from period to period. Non-variable operating expenses, which we treat as expenses when they are incurred during the year, are relatively constant on a quarterly basis. Consequently, the results for the periods ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 are not indicative of the results to be obtained for the full fiscal year.
Results of Operations
Reclassifications
We report "Equity in (losses) earnings from unconsolidated ventures" in the
consolidated statement of earnings after "Operating (loss) income." However, for
segment reporting we reflect "Equity in (losses) earnings from real estate
ventures" within "Total revenue." See Note 4 of the notes to consolidated
financial statements for "Equity in (losses) earnings from real estate ventures"
reflected within segment revenues, as well as discussion of how the Chief
Operating Decision Maker (as defined in Note 4) measures segment results with
"Equity in (losses) earnings from real estate ventures" included in segment
revenues.
Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended
June 30, 2008
In order to provide more meaningful year-to-year comparisons of our reported
results, we have included in the table below the U.S. dollar and local currency
movements in the consolidated statements of earnings ($ in millions).
Three Three
Months Months
Ended Ended % Change
June 30, June 30, Change in in Local
($ in millions) 2009 2008 U.S. dollars Currency
Revenue $ 576.1 659.5 (83.4 ) (13 %) (6 %)
Compensation and benefits 381.4 431.2 (49.8 ) (12 %) (6 %)
Operating, administrative and other 140.6 171.9 (31.3 ) (18 %) (11 %)
. . .
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