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KOPN > SEC Filings for KOPN > Form 10-Q on 6-Aug-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for KOPIN CORP


6-Aug-2009

Quarterly Report


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, without limitation, statements made relating to our belief that we are a leading developer and manufacturer of advanced semiconductor materials and miniature displays, our belief that our products enable our customers to develop and market an improved generation of products; our belief that the decline in demand from our customers for use in wireless headset applications was a result of both lower demand and customers reducing inventory; our belief that customers' reduction in inventory levels was in reaction to their expectation of lower demand in 2009; our belief that lower demand for our eyewear products is a result of the current depressed global economy and an inability by our customers to obtain financing; our expectation that sales for our display products for military applications will increase during the remainder of 2009; our expectation that total revenues for the year ended December 26, 2009 will be between $90 million and $110 million; our expectation that military revenues will increase in fiscal year 2009 compared to fiscal year 2008; our expectation that sales of our CyberDisplay products for digital still camera and camcorder applications will decline significantly in fiscal year 2009 compared to fiscal year 2008; our expectation that the average sales price of our III-V products will decline approximately 10% for the remainder of 2009; our belief that we have opportunities to increase III-V sales with certain customers in the second half of 2009; our expectation that Kowon's revenues to us and to Samsung will decline in fiscal year 2009 compared to fiscal year 2008 levels; our expectation that our largest HBT customer will migrate to six inch GaAs wafers in fiscal year 2009; our belief that our revenues could decline significantly if we are not able to get reactors qualified or can not manufacturer the required quantity on six inch GaAs wafers; our expectation that revenue from display products in fiscal year 2009 will decline compared to fiscal year 2008; our expectation that Kowon may have a loss from operations in 2009; our expectation that we may have to record an impairment charge on Kowon's long lived assets if sales of our display products for consumer electronic applications do not increase; our belief that one of the benefits of our display technology is the ability to produce high resolution display in small form factors; our expectation that in order to generate display revenues with above average gross margins, we will need to increase sales to customers who buy our higher resolution display products; our expectation that we have enough cash resources to support our operations and capital needs for at least the next twelve months; our expectation that we will


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spend between $4.0 and $8.0 million on capital expenditures over the next twelve months; our expectation that our third quarter will be our strongest sales quarter for displays to customers who use them in consumer electronic products, followed by our second quarter then our fourth quarter and our first quarter; our expectation that we will sell more display products for military applications which we would not expect to have historical sales trends; our expectation that changes in near-term interest rates will not be material to our cash flows or income; our expectation that market risk associated with our international operations is unlikely to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operation. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about the industries in which we operate, management's beliefs, and assumptions made by management. In addition, other written or oral statements, which constitute forward-looking statements, may be made by or on behalf of us. Words such as "expects", "anticipates", "intends", "plans", "believes", "could", "seeks", "estimates", and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions, which are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences in outcomes and results include, but are not limited to, those set forth in our other periodic filings filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2008.

Critical Accounting Policies

Management's discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our unaudited consolidated financial statements. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We continually evaluate our estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements, including those related to revenue recognition under the percentage of completion method, bad debts, inventories, warranty reserves, investment valuations, valuation of stock compensation awards, recoverability of deferred tax assets, liabilities for uncertain tax positions and contingencies. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions. Further detail regarding our critical accounting policies can be found in "Item 7. Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 27, 2008.

Business Matters

We are a leading developer and manufacturer of advanced semiconductor materials and miniature displays. We use our proprietary semiconductor material technology to design, manufacture and market our III-V and display products for use in highly demanding commercial wireless communications and high-resolution portable consumer electronic applications. Our products enable our customers to develop and market an improved generation of products for these target applications.

We have two principal sources of revenues: product revenues and research and development revenues. Product revenues consist of sales of our CyberDisplay products and our III-V products, principally gallium arsenide (GaAs) HBT transistor wafers. Research


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and development revenues consist primarily of development contracts with agencies of the U.S. government. For the three and six months ended June 27, 2009, research and development revenues were $2.1 million and $3.0 million respectively. This contrasted with $1.7 million and $3.8 million for the corresponding periods in 2008.

Results of Operations

The three and six month periods ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008 are referred to as 2009 and 2008, respectively. The year ended periods December 26, 2009, December 27, 2008 and December 29, 2007 are referred to as fiscal year 2009, fiscal year 2008 and fiscal year 2007, respectively.

Revenues. For the three and six month periods ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008, our revenues, which include product sales and amounts earned from research and development contracts, were as follows (in millions):

                                                Three Months Ended                         Six Months Ended
Revenues (in millions ):                 June 27, 2009       June 28, 2008       June 27, 2009         June 28, 2008
Cyber Display                           $          17.9     $          13.6     $           32.5     $            30.7
III-V                                              10.3                12.2                 17.2                  24.3


Total revenues                          $          28.2     $          25.8     $           49.7     $            55.0

The decrease in our III-V revenues resulted from a decrease in unit demand for our HBT transistor wafers from customers that use them in wireless handset applications and price declines of our HBT products. We believe the decline in demand from our customers for use in wireless handset applications was a result of both lower current demand for wireless handsets and our customers reducing their inventories of our products. We believe the reduction of inventory levels was in reaction to their expectation of lower demand in 2009 for wireless handsets as compared to the same period last year. The increase in display revenues in 2009 compared to 2008 resulted primarily from an increase in sales of our CyberDisplay products to customers that use them for military applications partially offset by a decline in sales of our displays for consumer electronic and eyewear applications. The decline in sales of displays for consumer electronic applications was primarily as a result of our strategy to withdraw from offering our display products for use in lower margin products, particularly low and mid-range digital still cameras. The decline in sales of our display products for eyewear applications is a result of both lower demand, attributable to the current depressed global economic situation and, according to our customers, the current inability of our eyewear product customers to finance their working capital needs. Our increase in profitability is primarily the result of the increase in sales of our displays for military applications. We expect sales of our display products for military applications to increase during the remainder of 2009. During the second quarter of 2009, a significant portion of our display sales for military applications was to a customer who is in the process of qualifying their product with the U.S. government. If this customer is unable to get their product qualified or any of our other customers loose qualified status with the U.S. government, our revenues may decline and we may not be profitable. Display revenues for consumer and military applications for 2009 and 2008 were as follows:

                                                             Three Months Ended                          Six Months Ended
Display Revenues by Category (in millions )          June 27, 2009        June 28, 2008        June 27, 2009          June 28, 2008
Consumer Electronic Applications                    $           2.1      $           3.8      $            4.3      $            10.1
Military Application                                           13.7                  6.7                  25.0                   14.0
Eyewear Application                                             0.3                  1.6                   0.7                    3.2
Research & Development                                          1.8                  1.5                   2.5                    3.4


Total                                               $          17.9      $          13.6      $           32.5      $            30.7

Revenues of our Korean subsidiary, Kowon, are included in CyberDisplay revenues and sales are primarily to us and Samsung Electronics for camcorder applications. Kowon's revenues decreased as a result of lower demand from us due to lower sales of displays to customers that use them for digital still camera applications and a decline in demand from Samsung for displays for camcorder applications. Kowon's ability to increase sales is dependent on products which are currently in development and their ability to obtain qualification of these new products with their customers. Total revenues by segment for 2009 and 2008 were as follows:


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                                               Three Months Ended                         Six Months Ended
Revenues by Segment (in millions )     June 27, 2009        June 28, 2008        June 27, 2009        June 28, 2008
Kopin U.S. revenues                              $ 28.2               $ 23.9               $ 49.5               $ 52.2
Kowon revenues to other customers
Kowon revenues                       $  1.8               $  4.8               $  3.9               $ 11.4
Kowon sales to Kopin                   (1.8 )        -      (2.9 )       1.9     (3.7 )       0.2     (8.6 )       2.8

Total Revenues                                   $ 28.2               $ 25.8               $ 49.7               $ 55.0

For the year ending December 26, 2009 we expect total revenues to be in the range of $90 million to $110 million. We expect military revenues to increase in fiscal year 2009 as compared to fiscal year 2008. We have been reducing our emphasis on sales of our display products for digital still camera and camcorder applications because of the low gross profit margins from these sales, and, as a result of this strategy and the impact on sales of consumer electronic products from the global economic downturn, we expect sales of our CyberDisplay products for digital still camera and camcorder applications to decline significantly in fiscal year 2009 as compared to fiscal year 2008 levels. Therefore, in order to increase display product revenues in fiscal year 2009 over fiscal year 2008, the increase in revenues from the sale of military products must exceed the decline in sales of our displays for consumer electronic applications. For our III-V products we anticipate that our average sales price will decline approximately 10% for the remainder of 2009. We believe we have opportunities with certain customers who purchase our III-V products to increase our share of these customer's purchases of III-V products in the second half of 2009. Accordingly, sales of our III-V products for 2009 will be dependent on our ability to increase sales of our products to certain customers to offset the impact of the decline in the average sales price of our III-V products and the overall industry expected decline in sales of wireless handset in 2009. As a result of the decline in sales of our display products for consumer electronic applications, we expect Kowon's revenues to us and to Samsung to decline in fiscal year 2009 as compared to fiscal year 2008 levels. However, as a result of the historic declines in the United Stated and global economies, our ability to forecast is very limited. These forecasts are based on our discussions with customers and our expectations about the future global economy and are not based on firm non-cancellable orders.

We currently manufacture and sell HBT wafers on either four or six inch gallium arsenide (GaAs) wafers. Our largest customer, which accounted for approximately 29% of our fiscal year 2008 total revenues (see Item 1A, Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended December 27, 2008, for an explanation of percent of revenue calculation), purchases our HBT products on four inch GaAs wafers and we expect this customer to migrate to using six inch GaAs wafers in its manufacturing process in fiscal year 2009. If we are unable to get reactors qualified by our largest and other customers or if we are able to get the reactors qualified but can not manufacture the quantity our customers require or can not manufacture on six inch GaAs wafers in a cost effective manner, our revenues and results of operations could decline significantly.

The back-end packaging manufacturing process of our displays which are sold for consumer applications is performed at Kowon. As discussed above, we expect sales of our display products in fiscal 2009 to decline as compared to fiscal year 2008 levels. Kowon had net income of $3.2 million and $1.5 million before intercompany eliminations for fiscal year 2008 and fiscal year 2007, respectively. We anticipate that sales of our display products for use in consumer electronic applications may decline such that Kowon may have a loss from operations in 2009. If sales of our display products for consumer electronic applications do not increase or new markets are not identified, we may have to record impairment charges on Kowon's long lived assets, which are recorded in our financial statements at $2.7 million at June 27, 2009.

International sales represented 14% and 34% of product revenues for the six months ended June 27, 2009 and June 28, 2008, respectively. The decrease in international sales percentage is primarily attributable to an increase in sales of our CyberDisplay products for U.S. military applications and a decline in sales of our display products for digital still camera and camcorder applications to Asian customers. We expect this trend to continue in 2009. International sales are primarily sales of CyberDisplay products to consumer electronic manufacturers primarily located in Japan, Korea and China. Our international sales are primarily denominated in U.S. currency. Consequently, a strengthening of the U.S. dollar could increase the price in local currencies of our products in foreign markets and make our products relatively more expensive than competitors' products that are denominated in local currencies, leading to a reduction in sales or profitability in those foreign markets. In addition, sales of our CyberDisplay products in Korea are transacted through Kowon. Kowon's sales are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars. However, Kowon's local operating costs are primarily denominated in Korean won. Kowon also holds U.S. dollars in order to pay various expenses. As a result, our financial position and results of operations are subject to exchange rate fluctuation in transactional and functional currency. We have not taken any protective measures against exchange rate fluctuations, such as purchasing hedging instruments with respect to such fluctuations, because of the historically stable exchange rate between the Japanese yen, Korean won and the U.S. dollar.


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Cost of Product Revenues.



                                                        Three Months Ended                                Six Months Ended
Cost of product revenues :                    June 27, 2009            June 28, 2008           June 27, 2009             June 28, 2008
Cost of product revenues (in millions):      $          19.4          $          18.7         $           34.0          $          39.0
Cost of product revenues as a % of net
product revenues                                        74.3 %                   77.3 %                   72.8 %                   76.2 %

Cost of product revenues, which is comprised of materials, labor and manufacturing overhead related to our products, decreased approximately $5.0 million or 13% from 2008 to 2009. Our gross margin is affected by increases or decrease in the sales prices of our products, changes in raw material prices, unit volume of sales, manufacturing efficiencies and the mix of products sold. As discussed above, our sales prices for our HBT wafers and displays sold for commercial applications historically decline on an annual basis. Our overhead costs and, to a lesser extent, our labor costs are normally stable and do not fluctuate significantly during a three or twelve month period. Essentially, we consider labor and overhead costs to be fixed in nature over the short term and therefore profitability is very dependent on the sales prices of our products and volume of sales. Gross margin as measured in dollars decreased in 2009, as compared to 2008, because of the decline in sales volume of our III-V products and display products for consumer electronic and eyewear applications and a decline in the average sales price of our III-V products partially offset by an increase in sales of our display products for military applications. Gross margins as a percentage of revenues increased because sales of our display products for military applications, which have higher gross margins than our other products, increased as a percentage of our total revenues in 2009 as compared to 2008. We anticipate that the average sales price of our III-V products will continue to decline in 2009 and if we are unable to increase sales volume of either our display products for military applications or our III-V products our gross margins will be negatively impacted.

There are a number of different display technologies which can produce displays in small form factors. We believe one of the benefits of our display technology is the ability to produce high resolution displays in small form factors. The camcorder and digital still camera markets are mature and the majority of these devices use low-resolution display products which results in our having limited, if any, competitive advantage over our competitors and therefore the ability to sell displays into these markets is very price dependent. Accordingly, for us to generate display revenues with above average gross margins, we will need to increase sales to customers who buy our higher resolution display products, such as the military, or develop new categories, such as displays for higher performance Bridge Cameras, Digital SLR cameras and eyewear.

Research and Development. Research and development (R&D) expenses are incurred in support of internal display and III-V product development programs or programs funded by agencies or prime contractors of the U.S. government and commercial partners. R&D revenues associated with funded programs are presented separately in revenue in the statement of operations. Research and development costs include staffing, purchases of materials and laboratory supplies, circuit design costs, fabrication and packaging of display products, and overhead. For 2009 and 2008, R&D expense was as follows (in millions):

                                                                 Three Months Ended                           Six Months Ended
Research and development expense (in millions ):         June 27, 2009         June 28, 2008         June 27, 2009         June 28, 2008
Funded                                                  $           1.1       $           1.1       $           1.6       $           2.3
Internal                                                            2.7                   2.6                   5.3                   6.5

Total research and development expense                  $           3.8       $           3.7       $           6.9       $           8.8

Funded R&D expense decreased in 2009 as compared to the prior year primarily because of a decrease in funded programs from agencies and prime contractors of the U.S. government.

The decrease in internal research and development expenses was primarily attributed to lower costs for the development of certain eyewear products.

Selling, General and Administrative. Selling, general and administrative (S,G&A) expenses consist of the expenses incurred by our sales and marketing personnel and related expenses, and administrative and general corporate expenses.


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                                                Three Months Ended                              Six Months Ended
                                       June 27, 2009           June 28, 2008          June 27, 2009           June 28, 2008
Selling, general and
administration expense (in
millions):                            $           2.6         $           5.1        $           7.0         $           8.9
Selling, general and
administration expense as a % of
revenues                                          9.0 %                  19.6 %                 14.1 %                  16.2 %

The decrease in S,G&A expenses in 2009 as compared to 2008 is attributable to decreases of approximately $0.6 million in allowance for bad debts, $0.7 million of labor and stock based compensation expense and $0.5 million of professional fees.

Other Income and Expense.



                                             Three Months Ended                       Six Months Ended
                                      June 27, 2009       June 28, 2008       June 27, 2009       June 28, 2008
Other income and expense (in
millions):                           $           1.5     $           0.5     $           4.8     $           1.9

Other income and expense, net, is composed of interest income, foreign currency transaction and remeasurement gains and losses incurred by our Korean subsidiary Kowon, other-than temporary impairment on marketable debt securities and license fees. In the six months ended June 27, 2009, we recorded $0.1 million of foreign currency gains as compared to $0.8 million of foreign currency gains for the six months ended June 28, 2008. Other income and expense, net for the six months ended June 27, 2009 also includes an expense of $0.9 million from an impairment write-down of certain marketable debt securities which were deemed other-than-temporarily impaired. The impairment in the securities occurred primarily because the issuers of the securities offered to buy the securities at prices significantly below the prices at which the securities were previously trading in the market. This resulted in an overall decline in the fair market value of the securities based upon required valuation techniques.

In fiscal year 2008 we entered into an agreement wherein we agreed to sell certain patents we were no longer using, to a party which would attempt to sub-license the patents. Under the terms of the agreement the amount we would receive for the sale of the patents was a percentage of any license fees, after expenses, from the sublicense. In the three and six months ended June 27, 2009, we recorded $1.5 million and $4.1 million respectively of license fees from the sale of these patents.

In 2008, we reviewed the carrying value of our investment in Kenet and recorded an impairment charge of $0.7 million to adjust the carrying amount of the investment to fair value, as we deemed the decline in the value of the assets to be other-than-temporary. The investment in Kenet was subsequently sold in 2008.

Equity Loss in Unconsolidated Affiliate. For the three and six months ended June 27, 2009, the equity loss in unconsolidated affiliate consists of our approximate 19% share of the losses of KoBrite. For the three and six months ended June 28, 2008, the equity loss is a result of our approximate 28% interest in the operating results of KoBrite.

Tax provision. For the three and six months ended June 27, 2009 we have recorded a provision for income taxes of $367,000 and $636,000, respectively, compared to provisions of $208,000 and $419,000 for the three and six month periods ended June 28, 2008. Our provision for income taxes is comprised of our estimated alternative minimum tax and state income tax liabilities on our domestic taxable earnings and estimated foreign taxes due on our Korean subsidiary's taxable earnings.

Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest. We own approximately 78% of the equity of Kowon Technology Co. Ltd. (Kowon). Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest on the consolidated statement of . . .

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