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FITB > SEC Filings for FITB > Form 10-Q on 11-May-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for FIFTH THIRD BANCORP


11-May-2009

Quarterly Report

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Item 2)

The following is management's discussion and analysis of certain significant factors that have affected Fifth Third Bancorp's ("Bancorp" or "Fifth Third") financial condition and results of operations during the periods included in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which are a part of this filing. Reference to the Bancorp incorporates the parent holding company and all consolidated subsidiaries.

TABLE 1: Selected Financial Data

                                                                                                           Percent
For the three months ended March 31 ($ in millions, except per share data)       2009           2008       Change
Income Statement Data
Net interest income (a)                                                        $     781           826          (5 )%
Noninterest income                                                                   697           864         (19 )
Total revenue (a)                                                                  1,478         1,690         (13 )
Provision for loan and lease losses                                                  773           544          42
Noninterest expense                                                                  962           715          35
Net income                                                                            50           286         (83 )
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders                                   (26 )         286          NM (k)

Common Share Data
Earnings per share, basic                                                          ($.04 )         .54          NM
Earnings per share, diluted                                                         (.04 )         .54          NM
Cash dividends per common share                                                      .01           .44         (98 )%
Book value per share                                                               13.61         17.56         (22 )

Financial Ratios
Return on assets                                                                     .17 %        1.03         (83 )%
Return on average common equity                                                     (1.4 )        12.3          NM
Average equity as a percent of average assets                                      10.18          8.43          21
Tangible equity (h)(j)                                                              7.89          6.19          27
Tangible common equity (i)(j)                                                       4.23          6.19         (32 )
Net interest margin (a)                                                             3.06          3.41         (10 )
Efficiency (a)                                                                      65.1          42.3          54

Credit Quality
Net losses charged off                                                         $     490           276          78 %
Net losses charged off as a percent of average loans and leases                     2.37 %        1.37          73
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percent of loans and leases                3.71          1.49         149
Allowance for credit losses as a percent of loans and leases (b)                    3.99          1.62         146
Nonperforming assets as a percent of loans, leases and other assets,
including other real estate owned (c)(d)                                            3.19          1.81          76

Average Balances
Loans and leases, including held for sale                                      $  85,829        84,912           1 %
Total securities and other short-term investments                                 17,835        12,597          42
Total assets                                                                     118,681       111,291           7
Transaction deposits (e)                                                          52,347        53,458          (2 )
Core deposits (f)                                                                 66,848        64,342           4
Wholesale funding (g)                                                             34,902        33,219           5
Shareholders' equity                                                              12,084         9,379          29

Regulatory Capital Ratios
Tier I capital                                                                     10.93 %        7.72          42 %
Total risk-based capital                                                           15.13         11.34          33
Tier I leverage                                                                    10.29          8.28          24

(a) Amounts presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis. The taxable equivalent adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were $5 million and $6 million, respectively.

(b) The allowance for credit losses is the sum of the allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments.

(c) Excludes nonaccrual loans held for sale.

(d) During the first quarter of 2009, the Bancorp modified its nonaccrual policy to exclude troubled debt restructuring (TDR) loans less than 90 days past due as they were performing in accordance with restructuring terms. For comparability purposes, prior periods were adjusted to reflect this reclassification.

(e) Includes demand, interest checking, savings, money market and foreign office deposits of commercial customers.

(f) Includes transaction deposits plus other time deposits.

(g) Includes certificates $100,000 and over, other deposits, federal funds purchased, short-term borrowings and long-term debt.

(h) The tangible equity ratio is calculated as tangible equity (shareholders' equity less goodwill, intangible assets and accumulated other comprehensive income) divided by tangible assets (total assets less goodwill, intangible assets and tax effected accumulated other comprehensive income.)

(i) The tangible common equity ratio is calculated as tangible common equity (shareholders' equity less preferred stock, goodwill, intangible assets and accumulated other comprehensive income) divided by tangible assets (defined above.)

(j) The tangible equity and tangible common equity ratios, while not required by GAAP, are considered to be critical metrics with which to analyze banks. The ratios have been included herein to facilitate a greater understanding of the Bancorp's capital structure and financial condition.

(k) NM: Not meaningful


Table of Contents

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

OVERVIEW

This overview of management's discussion and analysis highlights selected information in the financial results of the Bancorp and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. For a more complete understanding of trends, events, commitments, uncertainties, liquidity, capital resources and critical accounting policies and estimates, you should carefully read this entire document. Each of these items could have an impact on the Bancorp's financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The Bancorp is a diversified financial services company headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio. At March 31, 2009, the Bancorp had $119.3 billion in assets, operated 16 affiliates with 1,311 full-service banking centers including 95 Bank Mart ® locations open seven days a week inside select grocery stores and 2,354 Jeanie® ATMs in the Midwestern and Southeastern regions of the United States. The Bancorp reports on five business segments: Commercial Banking, Branch Banking, Consumer Lending, Fifth Third Processing Solutions (FTPS) and Investment Advisors.

The Bancorp believes that banking is first and foremost a relationship business where the strength of the competition and challenges for growth can vary in every market. Its affiliate operating model provides a competitive advantage by keeping the decisions close to the customer and by emphasizing individual relationships. Through its affiliate operating model, individual managers from the banking center to the executive level are given the opportunity to tailor financial solutions for their customers.

The Bancorp's revenues are dependent on both net interest income and noninterest income. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, net interest income, on a fully taxable equivalent (FTE) basis, and noninterest income provided 53% and 47% of total revenue, respectively. Changes in interest rates, credit quality, economic trends and the capital markets are primary factors that drive the performance of the Bancorp. As discussed later in the Risk Management section, risk identification, measurement, monitoring, control and reporting are important to the management of risk and to the financial performance and capital strength of the Bancorp.

Net interest income is the difference between interest income earned on assets such as loans, leases and securities, and interest expense incurred on liabilities such as deposits, short-term borrowings and long-term debt. Net interest income is affected by the general level of interest rates, the relative level of short-term and long-term interest rates, changes in interest rates and changes in the amount and composition of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Generally, the rates of interest the Bancorp earns on its assets and pays on its liabilities are established for a period of time. The change in market interest rates over time exposes the Bancorp to interest rate risk through potential adverse changes to net interest income and financial position. The Bancorp manages this risk by continually analyzing and adjusting the composition of its assets and liabilities based on their payment streams and interest rates, the timing of their maturities and their sensitivity to changes in market interest rates. Additionally, in the ordinary course of business, the Bancorp enters into certain derivative transactions as part of its overall strategy to manage its interest rate and prepayment risks. The Bancorp is also exposed to the risk of losses on its loan and lease portfolio as a result of changing expected cash flows caused by loan defaults and inadequate collateral due to a weakening economy within the Bancorp's footprint.

Net interest income, net interest margin, net interest rate spread and the efficiency ratio are presented in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations on an FTE basis. The FTE basis adjusts for the tax-favored status of income from certain loans and securities held by the Bancorp that are not taxable for federal income tax purposes. The Bancorp believes this presentation to be the preferred industry measurement of net interest income as it provides a relevant comparison between taxable and non-taxable amounts.

Noninterest income is derived primarily from financial institution and merchant transaction processing fees, card interchange, fiduciary and investment management fees, corporate banking revenue, service charges on deposits and mortgage banking revenue. Noninterest expense is primarily driven by personnel costs and occupancy expenses, in addition to expenses incurred in the processing of credit and debit card transactions for its customers and financial institution and merchant clients.

On March 30, 2009, the Bancorp and Advent International (Advent) announced an agreement under which Advent will acquire a 51% interest in the Bancorp's processing business through the formation of a joint venture that values the new company at approximately $2.35 billion before valuation adjustments by either party. Pursuant to the agreement, Fifth Third Bank (Ohio), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Bancorp, will contribute the assets and operations of the Bancorp's merchant acquiring and financial institutions processing business to a new limited liability company (LLC). The LLC's capitalization prior to the purchase of this interest will include senior secured notes payable to subsidiaries of the Bancorp in the amount of $1.25 billion. Advent will pay the Bancorp $561 million in cash for the 51% ownership interest in the equity of the LLC and for certain put rights. Additionally, the Bancorp will receive warrants in the new company exercisable in certain circumstances. The Bancorp estimates the valuation adjustments related to these warrants, the put, and minority interest discounts may reduce its implied valuation of the business by approximately $50 million. The agreement is subject to certain potential purchase price adjustments. The transaction is expected to contribute significantly to the Bancorp's retained earnings, capital levels and capital ratios, and net income, generating estimated pre-tax book gain of $1.7 billion, increasing the Bancorp's tangible common equity and Tier 1 capital by an estimated $1.2 billion, and


Table of Contents

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

increasing net income by an estimated $1.0 billion. The transaction, on a pro forma basis, would have increased the Bancorp's capital ratios at March 31, 2009 by approximately 90 basis points (bp).

On February 25, 2009, the U.S. Department of the Treasury (the "Treasury") announced the implementation of the Capital Assistance Program (the "CAP"), under which U.S. bank holding companies with more than $100 billion of assets at December 31, 2008, were required to undergo a forward-looking stress test called the Supervisory Capital Assessment Program (the "SCAP"). Results of the examinations associated with the SCAP were announced by U.S. financial and regulatory authorities on May 7, 2009. The Bancorp publicly announced specific information related to its SCAP results on May 7, 2009. Refer to Part II, "Other Information (Item 5)" and Part II, "Risk Factors (Item 1A)" for additional information related to the SCAP and the Bancorp's results.

Earnings Summary

During the first quarter of 2009, the Bancorp continued to be affected by the economic slowdown and market disruptions. The Bancorp's net income was $50 million in the first quarter of 2009. Preferred dividends of $76 million in the first quarter of 2009 resulted from preferred stock issued during 2008, including the issuance of $3.4 billion in preferred stock to the U.S. Treasury on December 31, 2008. Including preferred dividends, the net loss available to common shareholders was $26 million, or $0.04 per diluted share, compared with net income of $286 million, or $0.54 per diluted share, in the first quarter of 2008. Results for both periods reflect a number of significant items.

Items affecting the first quarter of 2009 include:

• $106 million income tax benefit due to the impact of the decision to surrender one of the Bancorp's bank owned life insurance (BOLI) policies and the determination that losses on the policy recorded in prior periods are now expected to be tax deductible. In addition, a $54 million pre-tax charge to other noninterest income was recognized reflecting reserves recorded in connection with the intent to surrender the policy as well as losses related to market value declines; and

• $55 million income tax benefit resulting from an agreement with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to settle all of the Bancorp's disputed leverage leases for all open years. The reduction in income tax expense is related to the reduction in tax reserves for these exposures. This settlement also resulted in a reduction of net interest income of $6 million due to a change in the timing of tax benefits.

For comparison purposes, items affecting the first quarter of 2008 include:

• $273 million of other noninterest income related to the redemption of a portion of Fifth Third's ownership interests in Visa, Inc. (Visa), as well as a $152 million reduction to noninterest expense related to the reversal of a portion of previously recorded litigation reserves, both related to Visa's initial public offering (IPO); and

• $152 million reduction to other noninterest income to further reduce the current cash surrender value of one of the Bancorp's BOLI policies.

Net interest income (FTE) decreased five percent, from $826 million to $781 million, compared to the same period last year reflecting the decline of market rates during the first quarter of 2009, particularly London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) rates, as assets have repriced faster than liabilities. Net interest margin was 3.06% in the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of 35 bp from the first quarter of 2008. The primary driver of this decline was the differential impact of lower market rates of assets and liabilities and the full-quarter effect of higher-priced term deposits issued in the latter part of 2008.

Noninterest income decreased 19%, from $864 million to $697 million, over the same period last year. Excluding significant items mentioned previously, noninterest income decreased six percent from a year ago due to lower investment advisory revenue and increased securities losses in the first quarter of 2009, offset by growth in payments processing revenue, mortgage banking revenue and corporate banking revenue.

Noninterest expense increased 35%, or $247 million, compared to the first quarter of 2008. Excluding the first quarter of 2008 reversal of $152 million in Visa litigation expense previously discussed, expenses increased by $95 million, or 11% from the same quarter the previous year driven by higher credit-related costs, particularly loan and lease collection costs and provision for unfunded commitments, as well as the effect of higher deposit insurance assessments.

The Bancorp did not originate subprime mortgage loans, did not hold credit default swaps and did not hold asset-backed securities (ABS) backed by subprime mortgage loans in its securities portfolio. However, the Bancorp has exposure to disruptions in the capital markets and weakening economic conditions. The housing markets continued to weaken throughout 2008 and into the first quarter of 2009, particularly in the upper Midwest and Florida. Additionally, economic conditions continued to deteriorate throughout 2008 and


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Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

during the first quarter of 2009, putting significant stress on the Bancorp's commercial and consumer loan portfolios. Consequently, the provision for loan and lease losses increased to $773 million for March 31, 2009 compared to $544 million for March 31, 2008. Net charge-offs as a percent of average loans and leases were 2.37% in the first quarter of 2009 compared to 1.37% in the first quarter of 2008. At March 31, 2009, nonperforming assets as a percent of loans, leases and other assets, including other real estate owned (OREO) (excluding nonaccrual loans held for sale) increased to 3.19% from 1.81% at March 31, 2008. Including $403 million of nonaccrual loans classified as held-for-sale in the first quarter of 2009, total nonperforming assets were $3.1 billion compared with $1.5 billion in the first quarter of 2008. During the first quarter of 2009, the Bancorp reclassified certain TDRs from nonaccrual to accrual status that were less than 90 days past due as measured by their modified terms as they were performing in accordance with their restructured terms. For comparability purposes, prior periods were adjusted to reflect this reclassification. The income statement impact of this reclassification was immaterial to the Bancorp's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Bancorp's capital ratios exceed the "well-capitalized" guidelines as defined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRB). As of March 31, 2009, the Tier 1 capital ratio was 10.93%, the Tier 1 leverage ratio was 10.29% and the total risk-based capital ratio was 15.13%.

RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

Note 2 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides a
complete discussion of the significant new accounting standards adopted by the Bancorp during 2009 and the expected impact of significant accounting standards issued, but not yet required to be adopted.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Bancorp's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Certain accounting policies require management to exercise judgment in determining methodologies, economic assumptions and estimates that may materially affect the value of the Bancorp's assets or liabilities and results of operations and cash flows. The Bancorp's critical accounting policies include the accounting for allowance for loan and lease losses, reserve for unfunded commitments, income taxes, valuation of servicing rights, fair value measurements and goodwill. No material changes have been made during the three months ended March 31, 2009 to the valuation techniques or models described below.

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

The Bancorp maintains an allowance to absorb probable loan and lease losses inherent in the portfolio. The allowance is maintained at a level the Bancorp considers to be adequate and is based on ongoing quarterly assessments and evaluations of the collectibility and historical loss experience of loans and leases. Credit losses are charged and recoveries are credited to the allowance. Provisions for loan and lease losses are based on the Bancorp's review of the historical credit loss experience and such factors that, in management's judgment, deserve consideration under existing economic conditions in estimating probable credit losses. In determining the appropriate level of the allowance, the Bancorp estimates losses using a range derived from "base" and "conservative" estimates. The Bancorp's strategy for credit risk management includes a combination of conservative exposure limits significantly below legal lending limits and conservative underwriting, documentation and collections standards. The strategy also emphasizes diversification on a geographic, industry and customer level, regular credit examinations and quarterly management reviews of large credit exposures and loans experiencing deterioration of credit quality.

Larger commercial loans that exhibit probable or observed credit weakness are subject to individual review. When individual loans are impaired, allowances are determined based on management's estimate of the borrower's ability to repay the loan given the availability of collateral and other sources of cash flow, as well as an evaluation of legal options available to the Bancorp. The review of individual loans includes those loans that are impaired as provided in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 114, "Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan." Any allowances for impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, the fair value of the underlying collateral or readily observable secondary market values. The Bancorp evaluates the collectibility of both principal and interest when assessing the need for a loss accrual. Historical credit loss rates are applied to commercial loans that are not impaired or are impaired, but smaller than an established threshold and thus not subject to specific allowance allocations. The loss rates are derived from a migration analysis, which tracks the historical net charge-off experience sustained on loans according to their internal risk grade. The risk grading system currently utilized for allowance analysis purposes encompasses ten categories.

Homogenous loans and leases, such as consumer installment and residential mortgage, are not individually risk graded. Rather, standard credit scoring systems and delinquency monitoring are used to assess credit risks. Allowances are established for each pool of loans based on the expected net charge-offs. Loss rates are based on the average net charge-off history by loan category. Historical loss rates for commercial and consumer loans may be adjusted for significant factors that, in management's judgment, are necessary


Table of Contents

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

to reflect losses inherent in the portfolio. Factors that management considers in the analysis include the effects of the national and local economies; trends in the nature and volume of delinquencies, charge-offs and nonaccrual loans; changes in loan mix; credit score migration comparisons; asset quality trends; risk management and loan administration; changes in the internal lending policies and credit standards; collection practices; and examination results from bank regulatory agencies and the Bancorp's internal credit examiners.

The Bancorp's current methodology for determining the allowance for loan and lease losses is based on historical loss rates, current credit grades, specific allocation on impaired commercial credits above specified thresholds and other qualitative adjustments. Allowances on individual loans and historical loss rates are reviewed quarterly and adjusted as necessary based on changing borrower and/or collateral conditions and actual collection and charge-off experience. An unallocated allowance is maintained to recognize the imprecision in estimating and measuring losses when evaluating allowances for individual loans or pools of loans.

Loans acquired by the Bancorp through a purchase business combination are evaluated for credit impairment at acquisition. Reductions to the carrying value of the acquired loans as a result of credit impairment are recorded as an adjustment to goodwill. The Bancorp does not carry over the acquired company's allowance for loan and lease losses, nor does the Bancorp add to its existing allowance for the acquired loans as part of purchase accounting.

The Bancorp's primary market areas for lending are the Midwestern and Southeastern regions of the United States. When evaluating the adequacy of allowances, consideration is given to these regional geographic concentrations and the closely associated effect changing economic conditions have on the Bancorp's customers.

Reserve for Unfunded Commitments

The reserve for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb estimated probable losses related to unfunded credit facilities and is included in other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The determination of the adequacy of the reserve is based upon an evaluation of the unfunded credit facilities, including an assessment of historical commitment utilization experience, credit risk grading and credit grade migration. Net adjustments to the reserve for unfunded commitments are included in other noninterest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Income Taxes

The Bancorp estimates income tax expense based on amounts expected to be owed to the various tax jurisdictions in which the Bancorp conducts business. On a quarterly basis, management assesses the reasonableness of its effective tax rate based upon its current estimate of the amount and components of net income, tax credits and the applicable statutory tax rates expected for the full year. The estimated income tax expense is recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined using the balance sheet method and are reported in either other assets or accrued taxes, interest and expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or liability is based on the tax effects of the differences between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities and recognizes enacted changes in tax rates and laws. Deferred tax assets are . . .

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