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| TONE > SEC Filings for TONE > Form 10-Q on 8-May-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
8-May-2009
Quarterly Report
The following is a discussion and analysis of TierOne Corporation's ("Company") financial condition and results of operations including information on the Company's critical accounting policies, asset/liability management, liquidity and capital resources and contractual obligations. Information contained in this Management's Discussion and Analysis should be read in conjunction with the disclosure regarding Forward-Looking Statements and the risk factors described in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
General
TierOne Bank ("Bank"), a subsidiary of the Company, is a $3.3 billion federally chartered stock savings bank headquartered in Lincoln, Nebraska. Established in 1907, the Bank offers customers a wide variety of full-service consumer, commercial and agricultural banking products and services through a network of 69 banking offices located in Nebraska, Iowa and Kansas. Product offerings include residential, commercial and agricultural real estate loans; consumer, construction, business and agricultural operating loans; warehouse mortgage lines of credit; consumer and business checking and savings plans; investment and insurance services; and telephone and internet banking.
Our results of operations are dependent primarily on net interest income, which is the difference between the interest earned on our assets and our cost of funds. Our results of operations are also affected by our provision for loan losses, noninterest income, noninterest expense and income tax expense (benefit). Noninterest income generally includes fees and service charges, debit card fees, net income (loss) from real estate operations, net gain on sales of investment securities, loans held for sale and other real estate owned and other operating income. Noninterest expense consists of salaries and employee benefits, occupancy, data processing, advertising, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance premium, legal services and other operating expense. Our results of operations are significantly affected by general economic and competitive conditions, particularly changes in market interest rates and U.S. Treasury yield curves, governmental policies and actions of regulatory authorities.
As used in this report, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms "we," "us," or "our" refer to the Company and the Bank.
Regulatory Developments. On January 15, 2009, the Bank entered into a supervisory agreement with the Office of Thrift Supervision ("OTS"), the Bank's primary federal regulator, in response to regulatory concerns raised in the Bank's most recent regulatory examination by the OTS and to address the current economic environment facing the banking and financial industry. The agreement requires, among other things:
• The review, and where appropriate, revisions to or adoption of: (a) loan policies, procedures and reporting; (b) credit administration and underwriting; (c) asset classification; (d) allowance for loan and lease losses; and (e) internal asset review;
• Enhanced management oversight including restrictions on changes in compensation arrangements; and
• Strengthening the Bank's capital position, including a requirement that the Bank maintain a minimum core capital ratio of 8.5% and a minimum total risk-based capital ratio of 11.0%.
The supervisory agreement also prohibits capital distributions by the Bank and the acceptance of brokered deposits. The Company agreed to maintain the Bank's regulatory capital (at the levels described above) as well as to not pay dividends on its common stock, make payments on its trust preferred securities or repurchase any shares of its common stock until the OTS issues a written notice of non-objection. The supervisory agreement will remain in effect until modified, suspended or terminated by the OTS. The Bank has fulfilled most of the obligations set forth in the supervisory agreement and is in the process of undertaking actions to comply with the remaining requirements. The foregoing information does not purport to be a complete summary of the supervisory agreement and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the supervisory agreement filed as Exhibit 10.24 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
Critical Accounting Policies
Various elements of our accounting policies, by nature, are inherently subject to estimation techniques, valuation assumptions and other subjective assessments. Our policies with respect to the methodologies used to recognize income, determine the allowance for loan losses, evaluating investment and mortgage-backed securities for impairment, evaluating goodwill and other intangible assets, valuation of mortgage servicing rights, valuation and measurement of derivatives and commitments, valuation of real estate owned and estimating income taxes are our most critical accounting policies. These policies are important to the presentation of our financial condition and results of operations, involve a higher degree of complexity and require management to make difficult and subjective judgments which often require assumptions or estimates about highly uncertain matters. The use of different judgments, assumptions and estimates could result in material differences in our reported financial condition and results of operations.
Income Recognition. We recognize interest income by methods that conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). In the event management believes collection of all or a portion of contractual interest on a loan has become doubtful, which generally occurs after a loan is contractually delinquent 90 days or more, we discontinue the accrual of interest and charge-off all previously accrued interest. Interest received on nonperforming loans is included in income only if principal recovery is reasonably assured. A nonperforming loan is restored to accrual status when it is brought current and the collectibility of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt.
• Assigning individual loans to specific risk levels (pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss);
• Valuing the underlying collateral securing the loans;
• Determining the appropriate reserve factor to be applied to specific risk levels for special mention loans and those adversely classified (substandard, doubtful and loss); and
• Determining reserve factors to be applied to pass loans based upon loan type.
We establish provisions for loan losses, which are charges to our operating results, in order to maintain a level of total allowance for loan losses that, in management's belief, covers all known and inherent losses that are both probable and reasonably estimable at each reporting date. Management reviews the loan portfolio no less frequently than monthly in order to identify those inherent losses and to assess the overall collection probability of the loan portfolio. Management's review includes a quantitative analysis by loan category, using historical loss experience, classifying loans pursuant to a grading system and consideration of a series of qualitative loss factors. The evaluation process includes, among other things:
• Assigning individual loans to specific risk levels (pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss);
• Trends and levels of delinquent, nonperforming or "impaired" loans;
• Trends and levels of charge-offs and recoveries;
• Underwriting terms or guarantees for loans;
• Impact of changes in underwriting standards, risk tolerances or other changes in lending practices;
• Changes in the value of collateral securing loans;
• Total loans outstanding and the volume of loan originations;
• Type, size, terms and geographic concentration of loans held;
• Changes in qualifications or experience of the lending staff;
• Changes in local or national economic or industry conditions;
• Number of loans requiring heightened management oversight;
• Changes in credit concentration; and
• Changes in regulatory requirements.
In addition, we use information about specific borrower situations, including their financial position, work-out plans and estimated collateral values under various liquidation scenarios to estimate the risk and amount of potential loss.
The allowance for loan losses has two elements. The first element is an allocated allowance established for specific loans identified by the credit review function that are evaluated individually for impairment and are considered to be impaired. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal and interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impairment is measured by:
• The fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent;
• The present value of expected future cash flows; or
• The loan's observable market price.
The second element is an estimated allowance established for losses which are probable and reasonable to estimate on each category of outstanding loans. While management uses available information to recognize probable losses on loans inherent in the portfolio, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions and other factors. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require us to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgment of information available to them at the time of their examination.
Investment and Mortgage-Backed Securities. We evaluate our available for sale and held to maturity investment securities for impairment on a quarterly basis. An impairment charge in the Consolidated Statements of Operations is recognized when the decline in the fair value of investment securities below their cost basis is determined to be other-than-temporary. Various factors are utilized in determining whether we should record an impairment charge, including, but not limited to, the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than its cost basis and our ability and intent to hold the investment security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. We recorded goodwill as a result of our 2004 acquisition of United Nebraska Financial Co. ("UNFC"). We tested this goodwill for impairment annually during the third quarter of each year, or between annual assessment dates whenever events or significant changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. We performed a goodwill impairment test as of March 31, 2008 due to adverse changes in the business climate. As a result of a decline in the market value of our common stock to levels below our book value, we determined that the entire amount of our goodwill was impaired, and we recorded a $42.1 million goodwill impairment charge to write-off our goodwill at March 31, 2008.
The value of core deposit intangible assets acquired in connection with the UNFC transaction and our acquisition of Marine Bank's banking office in Omaha, Nebraska, which is subject to amortization, is included in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as other intangible assets. Determining the amount of identifiable intangible assets and their average lives involves multiple assumptions and estimates and is typically determined by performing a discounted cash flow analysis, which includes a combination of any or all of the following assumptions: customer attrition, account runoff, alternative funding costs, deposit servicing costs and discount rates. Core deposit intangible assets are amortized using an accelerated method of amortization which is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as other operating expense.
Mortgage Servicing Rights. On January 1, 2007 we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standard ("SFAS") No. 156, Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets - an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 140 ("SFAS No. 156"). In accordance with SFAS No. 156, we utilize the amortization method for all of our mortgage servicing right assets, thus, carrying our mortgage servicing rights at the "lower of cost or market" (fair value). Under the amortization method, we amortize mortgage servicing rights in proportion to and over the period of net servicing income. Income generated as a result of new servicing assets is reported as net gain on sale of loans held for sale in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Loan servicing fees, net of amortization of mortgage servicing rights, is recorded in fees and service charges in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
We capitalize the estimated value of mortgage servicing rights upon the sale of loans. The estimated value takes into consideration contractually known amounts, such as loan balance, term and interest rate. These estimates are impacted by loan prepayment speeds, servicing costs and discount rates used to compute a present value of the cash flow stream. We evaluate the fair value of mortgage servicing rights on a quarterly basis using current prepayment speed, cash flow and discount rate estimates. Changes in these estimates impact fair value and could require us to record a valuation allowance or recovery. The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is highly sensitive to changes in assumptions. Changes in prepayment speed assumptions have the most significant impact on the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. Generally, as interest rates decline, prepayments accelerate with increased refinance activity, which results in a decrease in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. As interest rates rise, prepayments generally slow, which results in an increase in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. All assumptions are reviewed for reasonableness on a quarterly basis and adjusted as necessary to reflect current and anticipated market conditions. Thus, any measurement of fair value is limited by the conditions existing and the assumptions utilized as of a particular point in time, and those assumptions may not be appropriate if applied at a different point in time. We currently do not utilize direct financial hedges to mitigate the effect of changes in the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights.
Derivatives and Commitments. We account for our derivatives and hedging activities in accordance with SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activity, as amended by SFAS No. 138, Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities and SFAS No. 149, Amendment of Statement No. 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.
In the normal course of business, we enter into contractual commitments, including loan commitments and rate lock commitments, to extend credit to finance residential mortgages. These commitments, which contain fixed expiration dates, offer the borrower an interest rate guarantee provided the loan meets underwriting guidelines and closes within the time frame established by us. Interest rate risk arises on these commitments and subsequently closed loans if interest rates increase or decrease between the time of the interest rate lock and the delivery of the loan to the investor. Loan commitments related to mortgage loans that are intended to be sold are considered derivatives in accordance with the guidance of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 109, Written Loan Commitments Recorded at Fair Value Through Earnings. Accordingly, the fair value of these derivatives at the end of the reporting period is based on a quoted market price that closely approximates the amount that would have been recognized if the loan commitment was funded and sold.
Although the forward loan sale contracts also serve as an economic hedge of loans held for sale, forward contracts have not been designated as accounting hedges under SFAS No. 133 and, accordingly, loans held for sale are accounted for at the lower of cost or market in accordance with SFAS No. 65, Accounting for Certain Mortgage Banking Activities.
Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets. Property and other assets acquired through foreclosure of defaulted mortgage or other collateralized loans are carried at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated costs to sell the property and other assets. The fair value of other real estate owned is generally determined from appraisals obtained by independent appraisers. Development and improvement costs relating to such property are capitalized to the extent they are deemed to be recoverable.
An allowance for losses on other real estate owned and repossessed assets is intended to include amounts for estimated losses as a result of impairment in value of real property after repossession. We review our other real estate owned for impairment in value whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the property or other assets may not be recoverable.
Income Taxes. We estimate income taxes payable based on the amount we expect to owe various tax authorities. Accrued income taxes represent the net estimated amount due to, or to be received from, taxing authorities. In estimating accrued income taxes, we assess the relative merits and risks of the appropriate tax treatment of transactions, taking into account the applicable statutory, judicial and regulatory guidance in the context of our tax position. Although we utilize current information to record income taxes, underlying assumptions may change over time as a result of unanticipated events or circumstances.
In assessing the realizability of our deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. We consider the scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities and carryback opportunities in making the assessment of the necessity of a valuation allowance.
Comparison of Financial Condition at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 Assets
General. Our total assets were $3.3 billion at March 31, 2009, an increase of $12.3 million, or 0.4%, compared to December 31, 2008.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Our cash and cash equivalents totaled $315.5 million at March 31, 2009, an increase of $65.6 million, or 26.3%, compared to $249.9 million at December 31, 2008. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in deposits and loan repayments.
Investment Securities. Our available for sale investment securities totaled $124.4 million at March 31, 2009, a decrease of $13.3 million, or 9.6%, compared to $137.7 million at December 31, 2008. During the three months ended March 31, 2009, maturities of investment securities totaled $50.2 million which were partially offset by security purchases of $37.2 million. The securities purchased during 2009 were primarily agency obligations that were purchased to collateralize deposits.
Mortgage-Backed Securities. Our mortgage-backed securities, all of which are recorded as available for sale, totaled $8.7 million at March 31, 2009, an increase of $5.6 million, or 177.9%, compared to $3.1 million at December 31, 2008. The increase in our mortgage-backed securities was the result of a $5.9 million security purchase partially offset by $300,000 of principal payments received during the three months ended March 31, 2009.
Increase
(Dollars in thousands) March 31, 2009 December 31, 2008 (Decrease) % Change
--------------------------------------------- --------------------- -------------------- ------------- -----------
One-to-four family residential (1) $ 377,498 $ 384,614 $ (7,116 ) (1.85 )%
Second mortgage residential 72,864 76,438 (3,574 ) (4.68 )
Multi-family residential 210,178 199,152 11,026 5.54
Commercial real estate 359,799 356,067 3,732 1.05
Land and land development 377,789 396,477 (18,688 ) (4.71 )
Residential construction 194,274 229,534 (35,260 ) (15.36 )
Commercial construction 323,425 360,163 (36,738 ) (10.20 )
Agriculture - real estate 96,007 95,097 910 0.96
Business 249,773 250,619 (846 ) (0.34 )
Agriculture - operating 93,132 106,429 (13,297 ) (12.49 )
Warehouse mortgage lines of credit 159,327 133,474 25,853 19.37
Consumer 358,824 373,087 (14,263 ) (3.82 )
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Total loans 2,872,890 2,961,151 (88,261 ) (2.98 )
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Unamortized premiums, discounts
and deferred loan fees 9,327 9,558 (231 ) (2.42 )
Loans in process (2):
Land and land development (44,426 ) (50,622 ) 6,196 (12.25 )
Residential construction (20,784 ) (32,846 ) 12,062 (36.72 )
Commercial construction (86,481 ) (105,021 ) 18,540 (17.65 )
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Net loans $ 2,730,526 $ 2,782,220 $ (51,694 ) (1.86 )%
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(1) Includes loans held for sale $ 20,396 $ 13,917 $ 6,479 46.55 %
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At March 31, 2009, the outstanding balance (net of loans in process) of our residential construction loans was $173.5 million, a decrease of $23.2 million, or 11.8%, compared to $196.7 million at December 31, 2008. The outstanding balance (net of loans in process) of our land and land development loans was $333.4 million at March 31, 2009, a decrease of $12.5 million, or 3.6%, compared to $345.9 million at December 31, 2008. The outstanding balance (net of loans in process) of our commercial construction loans was $236.9 million at March 31, 2009, a decrease of $18.2 million, or 7.1%, compared to $255.1 million at December 31, 2008.
Three Months Ended March 31,
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(Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008
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Net loans after allowance for loan losses at beginning
of period $ 2,719,000 $ 2,909,589
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Loan originations:
One-to-four family residential 74,308 50,423
Second mortgage residential 444 365
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