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HMN > SEC Filings for HMN > Form 10-Q on 8-May-2009All Recent SEC Filings

Show all filings for HORACE MANN EDUCATORS CORP /DE/ | Request a Trial to NEW EDGAR Online Pro

Form 10-Q for HORACE MANN EDUCATORS CORP /DE/


8-May-2009

Quarterly Report


MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in millions, except per share data)

Forward-looking Information

Statements made in the following discussion that state the Company's or management's intentions, hopes, beliefs, expectations or predictions of future events or the Company's future financial performance are forward-looking statements and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors. Horace Mann is not under any obligation to (and expressly disclaims any such obligation to) update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. It is important to note that the Company's actual results could differ materially from those projected in forward-looking statements due to, among other risks and uncertainties inherent in the Company's business, the following important factors:

• Changes in the composition of the Company's assets and liabilities which may result from occurrences such as acquisitions, divestitures, impairment in asset values or changes in estimates of insurance reserves.

• Fluctuations in the fair value of securities in the Company's investment portfolio and the related after-tax effect on the Company's shareholders' equity and total capital through either realized or unrealized investment losses, as well as the potential impact on the ability of the Company's insurance subsidiaries to distribute cash to the holding company and/or need for the holding company to make capital contributions to the insurance subsidiaries. In addition, the impact of fluctuations in the financial markets on the Company's defined benefit pension plan assets and the related after-tax effect on the Company's operating expenses, shareholders' equity and total capital.

• The impact of fluctuations in the financial markets on the Company's variable annuity fee revenues, valuations of deferred policy acquisition costs, and the level of guaranteed minimum death benefit reserves.

• The impact of fluctuations in the capital markets on the Company's ability to refinance outstanding indebtedness or repurchase shares of the Company's common stock.

• Defaults on interest or dividend payments in the Company's investment portfolio due to credit issues and the resulting impact on investment income.

• Prevailing interest rate levels, including the impact of interest rates on
(1) unrealized gains and losses in the Company's investment portfolio and the related after-tax effect on the Company's shareholders' equity and total capital, (2) the book yield of the Company's investment portfolio, (3) the Company's ability to maintain appropriate interest rate spreads over the fixed rates guaranteed in the Company's life and annuity products and
(4) valuations of deferred policy acquisition costs.

• The cyclicality of the insurance industry and the related effects of changes in price competition and industry-wide underwriting results.


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• The frequency and severity of catastrophes such as hurricanes, earthquakes, storms and wildfires and the ability of the Company to provide accurate estimates of ultimate catastrophe costs in its consolidated financial statements in light of such factors as: the proximity of the catastrophe occurrence date to the date of the consolidated financial statements; potential inflation of property repair costs in the affected area; the occurrence of multiple catastrophes in a geographic area over a relatively short period of time; the outcome of litigation which may be filed against the Company by policyholders, state attorneys general and other parties relative to loss coverage disputes and loss settlement payments; and the ability of state insurance facilities to assess participating insurers when financial deficits occur.

• The Company's risk exposure to catastrophe-prone areas. Based on full year 2008 property and casualty direct earned premiums, the Company's ten largest states represented 58% of the segment total. Included in this top ten group are certain states which are considered more prone to catastrophe occurrences: Florida, California, North Carolina, Texas, Louisiana, South Carolina and Georgia.

• The potential near-term, adverse impact of underwriting actions to mitigate the Company's risk exposure to catastrophe-prone areas on premium, policy and earnings growth.

• The ability of the Company to maintain a favorable catastrophe reinsurance program considering both availability and cost; and the collectibility of reinsurance receivables.

• Adverse development of property and casualty loss and loss adjustment expense reserve experience and its impact on estimated claims and claim settlement expenses for losses occurring in prior years.

• Adverse changes in market appreciation, interest spreads, business persistency and policyholder mortality and morbidity rates and the resulting impact on both estimated reserves and the valuations of deferred policy acquisition costs.

• Changes in insurance regulations, including (1) those affecting the ability of the Company's insurance subsidiaries to distribute cash to the holding company and (2) those impacting the Company's ability to profitably write property and casualty insurance policies in one or more states.

• Changes in federal income tax laws and changes resulting from federal tax audits affecting corporate tax rates or taxable income.

• Changes in federal and state laws and regulations, which affect the relative tax and other advantages of the Company's life and annuity products to customers, including, but not limited to, changes in IRS regulations governing Section 403(b) plans.

• The resolution of legal proceedings and related matters including the potential adverse impact on the Company's reputation and charges against the Company's earnings resulting from legal defense costs, a settlement agreement and/or an adverse finding or findings against the Company from the proceedings.

• The Company's ability to maintain favorable claims-paying ability ratings.

• The Company's ability to maintain favorable financial strength and debt ratings.

• The Company's ability to profitably expand its property and casualty business in highly competitive environments.

• The competitive impact of the new Section 403(b) tax-qualified annuity regulations, including (1) their potential to lead plan sponsors to restrict the number of providers and (2) the possible entry into the 403(b) market of larger competitors experienced in 401(k) plans.


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• The Company's ability to develop and expand its marketing operations, including agents and other points of distribution, as well as the Company's ability to maintain and secure sponsorships by local, state and national education associations.

• The Company's dated and complex information systems, which are difficult to upgrade and more prone to error than advanced technology systems.

• Disruptions of the general business climate, investments, capital markets and consumer attitudes caused by pandemics or geopolitical acts such as terrorism, war or other similar events.

Executive Summary

Horace Mann Educators Corporation ("HMEC"; and together with its subsidiaries, the "Company" or "Horace Mann") is an insurance holding company. Through its subsidiaries, HMEC markets and underwrites personal lines of property and casualty insurance, retirement annuities and life insurance in the U.S. The Company markets its products primarily to K-12 teachers, administrators and other employees of public schools and their families.

For the three months ended March 31, 2009, the Company's net income of $13.4 million represented a decrease of $0.9 million compared to the prior year. After-tax net realized investment gains and losses improved by $1.0 million between periods. The current period included transition costs of approximately $3.1 million after tax related to the Company's property and casualty claims office consolidation and distribution strategies. Catastrophe costs decreased $0.6 million after tax; however, non-catastrophe weather-related losses increased somewhat compared to the prior year. In addition, compared to the first quarter of 2008, net income in the current period increased by $0.4 million due to a modest increase in the level of favorable prior years' property and casualty reserve development. Including all factors, the property and casualty combined ratio was 94.6% for the first quarter of 2009 compared to 93.5% for the same period in 2008. Annuity segment net income decreased $1.8 million compared to the first three months of 2008, as current year improvements in the interest margin were more than offset by the adverse impact of the financial markets on the level of contract charges earned, the valuation of deferred policy acquisition costs and the Company's guaranteed minimum death benefit reserve. Life segment net income increased $0.8 million compared to a year earlier, reflecting growth in investment income and a decrease in mortality costs.

Premiums written and contract deposits declined a modest 1% compared to the first three months of 2008, primarily reflecting a 7% decrease in annuity deposit receipts in the current period. New automobile sales units for the current quarter were 5% less than the first three months of 2008, although average agent true new automobile sales productivity increased compared to a year earlier. The automobile new business decrease was offset by favorable policy retention and growth in average premium per policy. Life segment insurance premiums and contract deposits decreased slightly compared to the prior year.


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Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") requires the Company's management to make estimates and assumptions based on information available at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of the Company's consolidated assets, liabilities, shareholders' equity and net income. Certain accounting estimates are particularly sensitive because of their significance to the Company's consolidated financial statements and because of the possibility that subsequent events and available information may differ markedly from management's judgements at the time the consolidated financial statements were prepared. Management has discussed with the Audit Committee the quality, not just the acceptability, of the Company's accounting principles as applied in its financial reporting. The discussions generally included such matters as the consistency of the Company's accounting policies and their application, and the clarity and completeness of the Company's consolidated financial statements, which include related disclosures. For the Company, the areas most subject to significant management judgements include: fair value measurements, other-than-temporary impairment of investments, goodwill, deferred policy acquisition costs for annuity and interest-sensitive life products, deferred taxes, liabilities for property and casualty claims and claim settlement expenses, liabilities for future policy benefits and valuation of assets and liabilities related to the defined benefit pension plan.


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Fair Value Measurements

The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements", effective January 1, 2008. SFAS No. 157 established a framework for measuring fair value that includes a hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1   Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or
          liabilities. Level 1 assets and liabilities include debt and equity
          securities (both common stock and preferred stock) that are traded in an
          active exchange market, as well as U.S. Treasury securities.

Level 2   Unadjusted observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted
          prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that
          are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be
          corroborated by observable market data for the assets or liabilities.
          Level 2 assets and liabilities include debt securities with quoted prices
          that are traded less frequently than exchange-traded instruments. This
          category generally includes certain U.S. Government, agency
          mortgage-backed debt securities, non-agency structured securities,
          corporate debt securities and preferred stocks.

Level 3   Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity
          and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
          Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value
          is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies,
          or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination
          of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.
          This category generally includes certain private debt and equity
          investments.

At March 31, 2009, Level 3 assets comprised approximately 0.7% of the Company's total investment portfolio fair value. For additional detail, see "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 3 - Fair Value Measurements".

Valuation of Significant Investments

Fair values for the Company's fixed maturity securities are based on prices provided by its investment managers and its custodian bank. Both the investment managers and the custodian bank use a variety of independent, nationally recognized pricing sources to determine market valuations. Each designate specific pricing services or indexes for each sector of the market based upon the provider's expertise. Typical inputs used by these pricing sources include, but are not limited to, reported trades, benchmark yields, issuer spreads, bids, offers, and/or estimated cash flows and prepayment speeds. When the pricing sources cannot provide fair value determinations, the Company obtains non-binding price quotes from broker-dealers. The broker-dealers' valuation methodology is sometimes matrix-based, using indicative evaluation measures and adjustments for specific security characteristics and market sentiment. The Company analyzes market valuations received to verify reasonableness, to understand the key assumptions used and their sources, to conclude the


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prices obtained are appropriate, and to determine an appropriate SFAS No. 157 fair value hierarchy level based upon trading activity and the observability of market inputs. Based on this evaluation and investment class analysis, each price is classified into Level 1, 2 or 3. The Company has in place certain control processes to determine the reasonableness of the financial asset fair values. These processes are designed to ensure the values received are accurately recorded and that the data inputs and valuation techniques utilized are appropriate, consistently applied, and that the assumptions are reasonable and consistent with the objective of determining fair value. For example, on a continuing basis, the Company assesses the reasonableness of individual security values received from pricing sources that vary from certain thresholds. Historically, the control processes have not resulted in adjustments to the valuation provided by pricing sources. The Company's fixed maturity securities portfolio is primarily publicly traded, which allows for a high percentage of the portfolio to be priced through pricing services. Approximately 94% of the portfolio was priced through pricing services or index priced as of March 31, 2009. The remainder of the portfolio was priced by broker-dealers, and these inputs were generally Level 2. There were no significant changes to the valuation process during the first three months of 2009.

Fair values of equity securities have been determined by the Company from observable market quotations, when available. Private placement securities and equity securities where a public quotation is not available are valued by using non-binding broker quotes or through the use of internal models or analysis. These inputs are based on assumptions deemed appropriate given the circumstances and are believed to be consistent with what other market participants would use when pricing such securities.

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment of Investments

The Company's methodology of assessing other-than-temporary impairments is based on security-specific facts and circumstances as of the date of the reporting period. Based on these facts, if management believes it is probable that amounts due will not be collected according to the contractual terms of a debt security, or if the Company does not have the ability and intent to hold a debt or equity security with an unrealized loss until it matures or recovers in value, an other-than-temporary impairment is considered to have occurred. As a general rule, if the fair value of a debt security has fallen below 80% of book value, this security will be reviewed for an other-than-temporary impairment. Also as a general rule, if the fair value of an equity security has declined below cost, this security will be reviewed for an other-than-temporary impairment including an assessment of whether recovery in fair value is likely to occur within a reasonable period of time. Additionally, if events become known that call into question whether the security issuer has the ability to honor its contractual commitments, whether or not such security has been trading above an 80% fair value to book value relationship, such security holding will be evaluated to determine whether or not such security has suffered an other-than-temporary decline in value.

The Company reviews the fair value of all investments in its portfolio on a monthly basis to assess whether an other-than-temporary decline in value has occurred. These reviews, in conjunction with the Company's investment managers' monthly credit reports and relevant factors such as (1) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, (2) the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than amortized cost for fixed maturity securities or cost for equity securities, (3) the Company's ability and intent to retain the investment long enough to allow for the anticipated recovery in fair value or until it matures, (4) the stock price trend of the issuer, (5) the market leadership position of the issuer, (6) the debt ratings of the issuer,
(7) the cash flows of the issuer or the underlying cash flows for asset-


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backed securities and (8) a near-term recovery period for equity securities, are all considered in the impairment assessment. A write-down of an investment is recorded when a decline in the fair value of that investment is deemed to be other-than-temporary, with a realized investment loss charged to income for the period.

With respect to fixed income securities involving securitized financial assets - primarily asset backed and commercial mortgage backed securities in the Company's portfolio - which fall under the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") Issue No. 99-20, "Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased Beneficial Interests and Beneficial Interests that Continue to be Held by a Transferor in Securitized Financial Assets", all of the Company's securitized financial assets fair values are determined by observable inputs. In addition, the securitized financial asset securities' underlying collateral cash flows are stress tested to determine if there has been any adverse change in the expected cash flows.

The Company's intent and ability to hold securities requires the Company to consider at each accounting period end its broad portfolio management objectives such as asset/liability duration management, issuer and industry segment exposures, interest rate views and the overall total return focus. In following these portfolio management objectives, changes in facts and circumstances that were present in past reporting periods may trigger a decision to sell securities that were held in prior reporting periods. The Company attempts to anticipate these types of changes and if a sale decision has been made on an impaired security and that security is not expected to recover prior to the expected time of sale, the security will be deemed other-than-temporarily impaired in the period that the sale decision was made and an other-than-temporary impairment loss will be recognized.

A decline in fair value below amortized cost is not assumed to be other-than-temporary for fixed maturity investments with unrealized losses due to spread widening, market illiquidity or changes in interest rates where there exists a reasonable expectation based on the Company's consideration of all objective information available that the Company will recover all amounts due under the contractual terms of the security and the Company has the intent and ability to hold the investment until maturity or a market recovery is realized. An other-than-temporary impairment loss will be recognized based upon all relevant facts and circumstances for each investment, as appropriate.

Goodwill

Financial Accounting Standards Board SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets", requires that goodwill balances be reviewed for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events occur or circumstances change that would indicate that a triggering event, as defined in SFAS No. 142, has occurred. A reporting unit is defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. The Company's reporting units, for which goodwill has been allocated, are equivalent to the Company's operating segments.


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The goodwill impairment test follows a two step process as defined in SFAS No. 142. In the first step, the fair value of a reporting unit is compared to its carrying value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the impairment test is performed for purposes of measuring the impairment. In the second step, the fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit to determine an implied goodwill value. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied goodwill value, an impairment loss would be recognized in an amount equal to that excess, and the charge could have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations and financial position.

Management's determination of the fair value of each reporting unit incorporates multiple inputs including discounted cash flow calculations, the level of the Company's own share price and assumptions that market participants would make in valuing the reporting unit. Other assumptions include levels of economic capital, future business growth, earnings projections, assets under management for reporting units and the discount rate utilized.

The Company completed its annual goodwill assessment for the individual reporting units as of December 31, 2008. The conclusion reached as a result of the annual goodwill impairment testing was that the fair value of each reporting unit, for which goodwill had been allocated, was in excess of the respective reporting unit's carrying value, and therefore determined not to be impaired.

As part of the Company's December 31, 2008 goodwill analysis, the Company compared the fair value of the aggregated reporting units to the market capitalization of the Company using the December 31, 2008 common stock price. The difference between the aggregated fair value of the reporting units and the market capitalization of the Company was attributed to transaction premium. The amount of the transaction premium was determined to be reasonable based on recent insurance transactions and specific facts and circumstances related to the Company.

There were no events or material changes in circumstances during the three months ended March 31, 2009 that indicated that a triggering event had occurred. However, if current market conditions persist during 2009, in particular if the Company's share price remains below book value per share, or if the Company's actions to limit risk associated with its products or investments causes a significant change in any one reporting unit's fair value, the Company may need to reassess goodwill impairment at the end of each future quarter as part of an interim impairment test. Subsequent reviews of goodwill could result in an impairment of goodwill during 2009.

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs for Annuity and Interest-sensitive Life Products

Policy acquisition costs, consisting of commissions, policy issuance and other costs, which vary with and are primarily related to the production of business, are capitalized and amortized on a basis consistent with the type of insurance coverage. For all investment (annuity) contracts, acquisition costs are amortized over 20 years in proportion to estimated gross profits. Capitalized acquisition costs for interest-sensitive life contracts are also amortized over 20 years in proportion to estimated gross profits.


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The most significant assumptions that are involved in the estimation of annuity gross profits include interest rate spreads, future financial market performance, business surrender/lapse rates, expenses and the impact of realized investment gains and losses. For the variable deposit portion of the annuity segment, the Company amortizes policy acquisition costs utilizing a future financial market performance assumption of a 10% reversion to the mean approach with a 200 basis point corridor around the mean during the reversion period, representing a cap and a floor on the Company's assumed long-term assumption. The Company's practice with regard to returns on separate accounts assumes that long-term appreciation in equity markets is not changed by short-term market fluctuations, but is only changed when sustained interim deviations are experienced. The Company monitors these changes and only changes the assumption when its long-term expectation changes. The effect of an increase/(decrease) by 100 basis points in the assumed future rate of return is reasonably likely to result in a decrease/(increase) in the deferred policy acquisition costs balance of approximately $1 million. At March 31, 2009, the ratio of capitalized annuity policy acquisition costs to the total annuity accumulated cash value was approximately 6%.

In the event actual experience differs significantly from assumptions or assumptions are significantly revised, the Company may be required to record a . . .

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