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CFFI > SEC Filings for CFFI > Form 10-Q on 7-May-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for C & F FINANCIAL CORP


7-May-2009

Quarterly Report


ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains statements concerning the Corporation's expectations, plans, objectives, future financial performance and other statements that are not historical facts. Statements which express "belief," "intention," "expectation," and similar expressions, identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs of the Corporation's management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, the Corporation's management. These statements are inherently uncertain, and there can be no assurance that the underlying assumptions will prove to be accurate. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated by such statements. Factors that could have a material adverse effect on the operations and future prospects of the Corporation include, but are not limited to, changes in:

• general business conditions, as well as conditions within the financial markets

• general economic conditions, including unemployment levels

• the commercial and residential real estate markets

• the legislative/regulatory climate, including policies of the FDIC

• monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including policies of the Treasury and the Federal Reserve Board

• interest rates

• demand for loan products

• the quality or composition of the loan portfolios and the value of the collateral securing those loans

• the level of net charge-offs on loans

• the value of securities held in the Corporation's investment portfolios

• deposit flows

• the strength of the Corporation's counterparties

• competition from both banks and non-banks

• demand for financial services in the Corporation's market area

• technology

• reliance on third parties for key services

• the Corporation's expansion and technology initiatives

• accounting principles, policies and guidelines

In addition, a continuation of the turbulence in significant portions of the global financial markets, particularly if it worsens, could impact the Corporation's performance, both directly by affecting the Corporation's revenues and the value of its assets and liabilities, and indirectly by affecting the Corporation's counterparties and the economy generally. Concerns about the stability of the financial markets generally have reduced the availability of funding to certain financial institutions, leading to a tightening of credit, reduction of business activity and increased market volatility. The EESA provides the Treasury with broad authority to implement certain actions aimed at restoring stability and liquidity to U.S. markets. The EESA includes, among other things, the Capital Purchase Program, the Troubled Assets Relief Program and the FDIC Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program ("TLGP").

Although the Corporation currently has diverse sources of liquidity and its capital ratios exceed the minimum levels required for well-capitalized status, the Corporation issued and sold its Series A Preferred Stock and Warrant for a $20.0 million investment from Treasury under the Capital Purchase Program on January 9, 2009. The Corporation also elected to participate in the FDIC TLGP;


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however, the Corporation currently has no unsecured borrowings to which this program applies. The Bank is participating in the FDIC Transaction Account Guarantee Program, under which all noninterest-bearing transaction accounts (as defined within the program) are fully guaranteed by the FDIC for the entire amount in the account through December 31, 2009.

Our ability to engage in routine funding transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and commercial soundness of other financial institutions. Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty or other relationships, and we routinely execute transactions with counterparties in the financial industry, including brokers and dealers, commercial banks, and other institutional clients. As a result, defaults by, or even rumors or questions about, one or more financial services institutions, or the financial services industry generally, could exacerbate the market-wide liquidity crisis and could lead to losses or defaults by us or by other institutions. There is no assurance that any such losses would not materially adversely affect the Corporation's results of operations.

Further, there can be no assurance that the actions taken by the Treasury and the Federal Reserve Bank will stabilize the U.S. financial system or alleviate the industry or economic factors that may adversely affect the Corporation's business and financial performance.

These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating the forward-looking statements contained herein. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on those statements, which speak only as of the date of this report.

The following discussion supplements and provides information about the major components of the results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and capital resources of the Corporation. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The preparation of financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions. Those accounting policies with the greatest uncertainty and that require our most difficult, subjective or complex judgments affecting the application of these policies, and the likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions, or using different assumptions, are described below.

Allowance for Loan Losses: We establish the allowance for loan losses through charges to earnings in the form of a provision for loan losses. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when we believe that the collection of the principal is unlikely. Subsequent recoveries of losses previously charged against the allowance are credited to the allowance. The allowance represents an amount that, in our judgment, will be appropriate to absorb any losses on existing loans that may become uncollectible. Our judgment in determining the level of the allowance is based on evaluations of the collectibility of loans while taking into consideration such factors as trends in delinquencies and charge-offs, changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions that may affect a borrower's ability to repay and the value of collateral, overall portfolio quality and specific potential losses. This evaluation is inherently subjective because it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.


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Allowance for Indemnifications: The allowance for indemnifications is established through charges to earnings in the form of a provision for indemnifications, which is included in other noninterest expenses. A loss is charged against the allowance for indemnifications under certain conditions when a purchaser of a loan (investor) sold by C&F Mortgage incurs a loss due to borrower misrepresentation or early default. The allowance represents an amount that, in management's judgment, will be adequate to absorb any losses arising from indemnification requests. Management's judgment in determining the level of the allowance is based on the volume of loans sold, current economic conditions and information provided by investors. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.

Impairment of Loans: We measure impaired loans based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate of the loan (or, as a practical expedient, at the loan's observable market price) or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. We consider a loan impaired when it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect all interest and principal payments as scheduled in the loan agreement. We do not consider a loan impaired during a period of delay in payment if we expect the ultimate collection of all amounts due. We maintain a valuation allowance to the extent that the measure of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment.

Impairment of Securities: Impairment of investment securities results in a write-down that must be included in net income when a market decline below cost is other-than-temporary. We regularly review each investment security for impairment based on criteria that include the extent to which cost exceeds market price, the duration of that market decline, the financial health of and specific prospects for the issuer and our ability and intention with regard to holding the security to maturity.

Other Real Estate Owned: Assets acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are held for sale and are initially recorded at the lower of the loan balance or the fair value less costs to sell at the date of foreclosure. Subsequent to foreclosure, management periodically performs valuations of the foreclosed assets based on updated appraisals, general market conditions, length of time the properties have been held, and our ability and intention with regard to continued ownership of the properties. The Corporation may incur additional write-downs of foreclosed assets to fair value less costs to sell if valuations indicate a further other-than-temporary deterioration in market conditions.

Goodwill: Goodwill is no longer subject to amortization over its estimated useful life, but is subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment using a two-step process that begins with an estimation of the fair value of the reporting unit. In assessing the recoverability of the Corporation's goodwill, all of which was recognized in connection with the Bank's acquisition of C&F Finance Company in September 2002, we must make assumptions in order to determine the fair value of the respective assets. Major assumptions used in determining impairment were increases in future income, sales multiples in determining terminal value and the discount rate applied to future cash flows. As part of the impairment test, we performed sensitivity analysis by increasing the discount rate, lowering sales multiples and reducing increases in future income. We completed the annual test for impairment during the fourth quarter of 2008 and determined there was no impairment to be recognized in 2008. If the underlying estimates and related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record impairment charges.


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Retirement Plan: The Bank maintains a non-contributory, defined benefit pension plan for eligible full-time employees as specified by the plan. Plan assets, which consist primarily of marketable equity securities and corporate and government fixed income securities, are valued using market quotations. The Bank's actuary determines plan obligations and annual pension expense using a number of key assumptions. Key assumptions may include the discount rate, the estimated future return on plan assets and the anticipated rate of future salary increases. Changes in these assumptions in the future, if any, or in the method under which benefits are calculated may impact pension assets, liabilities or expense.

Accounting for Income Taxes: Determining the Corporation's effective tax rate requires judgment. In the ordinary course of business, there are transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax outcomes are uncertain. In addition, the Corporation's tax returns are subject to audit by various tax authorities. Although we believe that the estimates are reasonable, no assurance can be given that the final tax outcome will not be materially different than that which is reflected in the income tax provision and accrual.

For further information concerning accounting policies, refer to Note 1 of the Corporation's Consolidated Financial Statements in the Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.

OVERVIEW

Our primary financial goals are to maximize the Corporation's earnings and to deploy capital in profitable growth initiatives that will enhance shareholder value. We track three primary performance measures in order to assess the level of success in achieving these goals: (i) return on average assets ("ROA"),
(ii) return on average common equity ("ROE") and (iii) growth in earnings. In addition to these financial performance measures, we track the performance of the Corporation's three principal business activities: retail banking, mortgage banking and consumer finance. We also manage our capital through: growth, stock purchases and dividends.

Financial Performance Measures. Net income for the Corporation increased to $1.5 million for the first quarter ended March 31, 2009, compared with $1.4 million for the first quarter of 2008. Net income available to common shareholders for the first quarter of 2009 was $1.2 million, or 41 cents per common share assuming dilution, compared with $1.4 million, or 46 cents per common share assuming dilution, for the first quarter of 2008. The difference between reported net income and net income available to common shareholders in the first quarter of 2009 is a result of the Series A Preferred Stock dividends and amortization of the Warrant related to the Corporation's participation in the Capital Purchase Program. The Series A Preferred Stock and Warrant were issued in the first quarter of 2009 and, therefore, did not impact the first quarter of 2008. First quarter 2009 earnings included the positive effects of the lower interest rate environment on loan production at our Mortgage Banking segment and on the net interest margin at our Consumer Finance segment. These favorable aspects of the Corporation's first quarter performance offset the lower earnings at our Retail Banking segment, which were principally a result of the effect of margin compression on net interest income, lower fee income and higher loss provisions and expenses associated with nonperforming assets.

For the first quarter of 2009, on an annualized basis, the Corporation's ROE was 7.60 percent and its ROA was 0.56 percent, compared to an 8.73 percent ROE and a 0.73 percent ROA for the first quarter of 2008. The decline in these measures resulted from lower earnings available to common shareholders in the first quarter of 2009, coupled with asset growth.


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Principal Business Activities. An overview of the financial results for each of the Corporation's principal segments is presented below. A more detailed discussion is included in "Results of Operations."

Retail Banking: Net income for the Retail Banking segment, which consists of the Bank, was $139,000 for the first quarter of 2009, compared to $609,000 for the first quarter of 2008. The decline in 2009 earnings included the effects of
(1) margin compression and competition for loans and deposits on net interest income, (2) a higher provision for loan losses attributable to an increase in nonperforming loans, most of which are secured by real estate, the continued slow down in the economy, and loan growth, (3) higher assessments for deposit insurance resulting from the FDIC's implementation of its amended risk-based assessment system, (4) higher nonaccrual loan and foreclosed properties expenses primarily resulting from the work-out of several commercial relationships and
(5) lower deposit account fee income. The decline in the Bank's net interest margin was attributable to interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve Bank throughout 2008, which reduced yields on the Bank's adjustable-rate loans faster than interest rates declined on the Bank's deposits, which are its largest source of funds. The effects of these factors were offset by a lower effective income tax rate resulting from higher tax-exempt income on securities and loans as a percentage of pretax income.

General economic trends, particularly the economic recession that we are experiencing in the Bank's markets, can affect the quality of the loan portfolio and, therefore, our provision for loan losses, as well as the level of our nonperforming assets. Managing the risks inherent in our loan portfolio and expenses associated with nonperforming assets will influence the Bank's performance during the remainder of 2009. In addition, the significant increase in FDIC insurance premiums will affect the Bank's noninterest expenses during 2009.

Mortgage Banking: Net income for the Mortgage Banking segment, which consists of C&F Mortgage Corporation (the "Mortgage Company"), was $817,000 for the first quarter of 2009, compared to $284,000 for the first quarter of 2008. The increase in 2009 earnings included the effects of lower interest rates on loan origination volume, which increased 76.7 percent. For the first quarter of 2009, the amount of loan originations at the Mortgage Company resulting from refinancings was $220.0 million compared to $63.2 million for the first quarter of 2008. Loans originated for new and resale home purchases for these two time periods were $98.9 million and $117.3 million, respectively. Higher loan production in 2009 resulted in gains on sales of loans of $6.5 million in 2009 compared to $3.7 million in 2008. This increase in revenue was offset in part by
(1) a 2009 provision for loan losses of $300,000, compared to $227,000 in 2008,
(2) a 2009 provision for indemnification losses of $640,000, compared to $5,000 in 2008, and (3) an increase of $1.6 million in principally commission-based personnel costs associated with the increase in loan production. The increases in the loan loss and indemnification loss provisions resulted from increased nonperforming loans as a result of continued deterioration of the economy, especially the housing market, together with higher unemployment. While we mitigate the risk of loan repurchase and indemnification liability by underwriting to the purchasers' guidelines, we cannot eliminate the possibility that a prolonged period of payment defaults and foreclosures will result in an increase in requests for repurchases or indemnifications and the need for additional loan loss and indemnification loss provisions in the future.

Consumer Finance: Net income for the Consumer Finance segment, which consists of C&F Finance Company (the "Finance Company"), was $725,000 for the first quarter of 2009, compared to $732,000 for the first quarter of 2008. The Finance Company has benefited from the approximate 6.4 percent growth in average consumer finance loans outstanding and the decline in its variable rate cost of borrowings in the first quarter of 2009, compared to the first quarter of 2008. Its fixed-rate loan


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portfolio is partially funded by a variable-rate line of credit indexed to LIBOR, which has resulted in an increase in its net interest margin during 2009. However, the Finance Company has experienced higher loan charge-offs in 2009 compared to 2008, which, in combination with loan growth, has resulted in a $3.1 million provision for loan losses in the first quarter of 2009, compared to $2.1 million in the first quarter of 2008. We expect the ongoing effects of the economic recession will result in more delinquencies and repossessions at the Finance Company. Depending on the severity of any further downturn in the economy, decreased consumer demand for automobiles and declining values of automobiles securing outstanding loans could result. This could weaken collateral coverage and increase the amount of loss in the event of default.

Capital Management. Total shareholders' equity increased $20.7 million to $85.6 million at March 31, 2009, compared to $64.9 million at December 31, 2008. This increase primarily occurred in connection with the Corporation's participation in the Treasury's Capital Purchase Program, as previously described. One means by which we manage our capital is through dividends. We have maintained the Corporation's quarterly dividend at 31 cents per common share since December 2006, which resulted in a common dividend payout ratio of approximately 76 percent for the first quarter of 2009 based on net income available to common shareholders. A more typical payout ratio would be in the 30 to 40 percent range. Until we are able to return to more normal earnings levels, keeping our dividend at its current rate adds very little of our earnings to our capital, thereby limiting how fast we can grow. Another means by which we historically have managed our capital is through purchase of the Corporation's Common Stock. However, as a participant in the Capital Purchase Program there are limitations on the Corporation's ability to repurchase Common Stock prior to the earlier of January 9, 2012 or the date on which Treasury no longer holds any of the Corporation's Series A Preferred Stock.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net Interest Income

Selected Average Balance Sheet Data and Net Interest Margin



   (in 000's)                                            Three Months Ended
                                                March 31, 2009         March 31, 2008
                                               Average    Yield/      Average    Yield/
                                               Balance     Cost       Balance     Cost
   Securities                                 $ 107,076     6.20 %   $  86,900     6.50 %
   Loans, net                                   708,942     8.07       630,137     9.46
   Interest-bearing deposits in other banks          39     0.88           983     3.22
   Federal funds sold                                -        -            659     2.95

   Total earning assets                       $ 816,057     7.82 %   $ 718,679     9.09 %


   Time and savings deposits                  $ 478,148     2.37 %     449,374     3.18 %
   Borrowings                                   211,474     2.56       169,993     5.00

   Total interest-bearing liabilities         $ 689,622     2.43 %   $ 619,367     3.68 %


   Net interest margin                                      5.77 %                 5.92 %


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Interest income and expense are affected by fluctuations in interest rates, by changes in the volume of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and by the interaction of rate and volume factors. The following table shows the direct causes of the changes from the first quarter of 2008 to the first quarter of 2009 in the components of net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis. Rate/volume variances, the third element in the calculation, are not shown separately in the table, but are allocated to the rate and volume variances in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each. Loans include both nonaccrual loans and loans held for sale.

(in 000's)                                                         2009 from 2008

                                                        Increase(Decrease)            Total
                                                        Due to Changes in            Increase
                                                        Rate          Volume        (Decrease)
Interest income:
Securities                                           $       (73 )    $   320      $        247
Loans                                                     (2,343 )      1,739              (604 )
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks and
federal funds sold                                            (6 )         (7 )             (13 )

Total interest income                                     (2,422 )      2,052              (370 )

Interest expense:
Time and savings deposits                                   (972 )        225              (747 )
Borrowings                                                (1,201 )        434              (767 )

Total interest expense                                    (2,173 )        659            (1,514 )

Change in net interest income                        $      (249 )    $ 1,393      $      1,144

Net interest income, on a taxable-equivalent basis, for the three months ended March 31, 2009 was $11.8 million, compared to $10.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The higher net interest income resulted primarily from a 13.5 percent increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets during the first quarter of 2009, as compared to the first quarter of 2008. The benefit of this growth was partially offset by a decrease in net interest margin to 5.77 percent for the first quarter of 2009 from 5.92 percent for the first quarter of 2008. The decrease in the net interest margin was a result of a decline in the yield on interest-earning assets that exceeded the decline in the interest rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities. The combination of rapidly declining short-term interest rates and increased competition for deposits in 2008 resulted in a pricing disparity between loans and deposits, which lowered net interest margin.

Average loans held for investment increased $78.8 million during the first quarter of 2009, compared to the first quarter of 2008. The Retail Banking segment's average loan portfolio increased $36.2 million during first quarter of 2009 over the first quarter of 2008 primarily as a result of residential mortgage loan and commercial loan growth. The Consumer Finance segment's average loan portfolio increased $10.3 million during the first quarter of 2009 over the first quarter of 2008 as result of overall growth at existing locations. Average loans held for sale at the Mortgage Banking segment increased $32.9 million during the first quarter of 2009 over the first quarter of 2008 as a result of the lower interest rate environment in 2009, which contributed to a 76.7 percent increase in loan origination volume. The overall yield on loans held for investment at all of our business segments and loans held for sale at the Mortgage Banking segment during the first quarter of 2009 decreased in relation to the first quarter of 2008 as a result of a general decrease in interest rates.

Average securities available for sale increased $20.2 million during the first quarter of 2009, compared to the first quarter of 2008. The increase in securities available for sale occurred predominantly in the Retail Banking segment's municipal bond portfolio. This resulted from a strategy to increase the Bank's securities portfolio as a percentage of total assets. The lower yields in


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the first quarter of 2009 relative to the first quarter of 2008 resulted from the current interest rate environment in which securities purchases were made at yields less than those being called, coupled with a decline in dividends on FHLB stock in 2009.

Average interest-earning deposits at other banks, primarily the FHLB, decreased $944,000 during the first quarter of 2009, compared to the first quarter of 2008. Fluctuations in the average balance of these low-yielding deposits occurred in response to loan demand, an increase in the securities portfolio, and improved cash management strategies. The average yield on interest-earning deposits at other banks decreased in the first quarter of 2009 relative to the . . .

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