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| SPG > SEC Filings for SPG > Form 10-K/A on 1-May-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
1-May-2009
Annual Report
You should read the following discussion in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto that are included in this Annual Report to Stockholders.
Overview
Simon Property Group, Inc., or Simon Property, is a Delaware corporation that operates as a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code. To qualify as a REIT, among other things, a company must distribute at least 90 percent of its taxable income to its stockholders annually. Taxes are paid by stockholders on dividends received and any capital gains distributed. Most states also follow this federal treatment and do not require REITs to pay state income tax. Simon Property Group, L.P., or the Operating Partnership, is our majority-owned partnership subsidiary that owns all of our real estate properties. In this discussion, the terms "we", "us" and "our" refer to Simon Property Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
We own, develop, and manage retail real estate properties in five retail real estate platforms: regional malls, Premium Outlet Centers®, The Mills®, community/lifestyle centers, and international properties. As of December 31, 2008, we owned or held an interest in 324 income producing properties in the United States, which consisted of 164 regional malls, 70 community/lifestyle centers, 16 additional regional malls and four additional community centers acquired as a result of the 2007 acquisition of The Mills Corporation, or the Mills acquisition, 40 Premium Outlet Centers, 16 The Mills, and 14 other shopping centers or outlet centers in 41 states plus Puerto Rico. The Mills acquisition is described below in the "Results of Operations" section. We also own interests in four parcels of land held in the United States for future development. In the United States, we have one new property currently under development aggregating approximately 400,000 square feet which will open during 2009. Internationally, we have ownership interests in 52 European shopping centers (located in France, Italy, and Poland); seven Premium Outlet Centers located in Japan, one Premium Outlet Center located in Mexico, one Premium Outlet Center located in Korea, and one shopping center located in China. Also, through joint venture arrangements we have ownership interests in the following properties under development internationally: a 24% interest in two shopping centers in Italy, a 40% interest in a Premium Outlet Center in Japan, and a 32.5% interests in three additional shopping centers under construction in China.
We generate the majority of our revenues from leases with retail tenants including:
º •
º Base minimum rents,
º •
º Overage and percentage rents based on tenants' sales volume, and
º •
º Recoveries of substantially all of our recoverable expenditures, which
consist of property operating, real estate taxes, repair and
maintenance, and advertising and promotional expenditures.
Revenues of our management company, after intercompany eliminations, consist primarily of management fees that are typically based upon the revenues of the property being managed.
We seek growth in earnings, funds from operations, or FFO, and cash flows by enhancing the profitability and operation of our properties and investments. We seek to accomplish this growth through the following:
º •
º Focusing on leasing to increase revenues and utilization of economies
of scale to reduce operating expenses,
º •
º Expanding and re-tenanting existing franchise locations at competitive
market rates,
º •
º Adding mixed-use elements to properties,
º •
º Selectively acquiring high quality real estate assets or portfolios of
assets, and
º •
º Selling non-core assets.
We also grow by generating supplemental revenues from the following activities:
º •
º Establishing our malls as leading market resource providers for
retailers and other businesses and consumer-focused corporate
alliances, including: payment systems (including handling fees
relating to the sales of
bank-issued prepaid cards), national marketing alliances, static and digital media initiatives, business development, sponsorship, and events,
º •
º Offering property operating services to our tenants and others,
including waste handling and facility services, and the sale of
energy,
º •
º Selling or leasing land adjacent to our shopping center properties,
commonly referred to as "outlots" or "outparcels," and
We focus on high quality real estate across the retail real estate spectrum. We expand or renovate to enhance existing assets' profitability and market share when we believe the investment of our capital meets our risk-reward criteria. We selectively develop new properties in major metropolitan areas that exhibit strong population and economic growth.
We routinely review and evaluate acquisition opportunities based on their ability to complement our portfolio. Lastly, we are selectively expanding our international presence. Our international strategy includes partnering with established real estate companies and financing international investments with local currency to minimize foreign exchange risk.
To support our growth, we employ a three-fold capital strategy:
º •
º Provide the capital necessary to fund growth,
º •
º Maintain sufficient flexibility to access capital in many forms, both
public and private, and
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º Manage our overall financial structure in a fashion that preserves our
investment grade credit ratings.
As more fully discussed in Notes 3 and 10 of the consolidated financial statements, we have retrospectively adopted SFAS 160 and concurrently applied certain provisions of EITF D-98. This resulted in the recording of certain reclassifications related to previously-reported minority interests and limited partner interests, which are now reported and referred to as noncontrolling interests within this discussion and the consolidated financial statements. These reclassifications had no impact on previously reported net income available to common stockholders or earnings per share.
Results Overview
Diluted earnings per common share decreased $0.08 during 2008, or 4.1%, to $1.87 from $1.95 for 2007. The decrease is primarily due to the $20.3 million loss relating to the redemption of remarketable debt securities, and $21.2 million in impairment charges in 2008, as compared to net gains aggregating $1.7 million related to sales and disposition activity and impairment charges for the comparable period in 2007. Consolidated total revenues increased $132.4 million, or 3.6%, driven by the full year effect of our 2007 openings and expansion activities and the releasing of space at higher rental rates per square foot, or psf. Releasing spreads in the regional mall and Premium Outlet portfolios were strong at $8.02 psf (or 21.3%) and $12.48 psf (or 48.8%), respectively, due to continued demand for higher quality space in our portfolio. Total operating expenses increased $106.9 million, or 5.0%, due to additional depreciation provisions related to the full year of operations for 2007 openings and 2008 new openings, an increase in the provision for bad debts due to the estimated uncollectability of certain tenant receivables, and higher personnel and utility costs attributable to normal inflationary increases. Interest costs remained relatively flat despite an increase in total debt due to lowered variable borrowing costs as a result of a reduced one-month LIBOR rate, the benchmark rate for most of our floating rate debt.
In the United States, business fundamentals were relatively stable, except for tenant sales psf which were mixed across the portfolio, and were dependent upon asset type, geographic location, and mix of specialty and luxury tenants. Average base rents for the regional mall and domestic Premium Outlet portfolios were relatively stable for 2008. The regional malls average base rent ended the year at $39.49 psf, or an increase of 6.5% over 2007. The domestic Premium Outlets average base rent ended the year at $27.65 psf, or an increase of 7.7%. The stability of the occupancy, rent psf, and releasing rental spread fundamentals contributed to our ability to generate growth in our operating results despite the adverse effects the general economic pressures are creating for our tenants and the consumer.
Internationally, in 2008, we and our joint venture partners opened three additional centers (one each in Italy, China, and Japan) and expanded two existing Premium Outlet Centers which added an aggregate 1 million square feet of retail space to the international portfolio. Also during 2008, we acquired shares of stock of Liberty
International, PLC, or Liberty. Liberty operates regional shopping centers and is the owner of other prime retail assets throughout the U.K. Liberty is a U.K. FTSE 100 listed company, with shareholders' funds of £4.7 billion and property investments of £8.6 billion, of which its U.K. regional shopping centers comprise 75%. Assets of the group under control or joint control amount to £11.0 billion. Liberty converted into a U.K. Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) on January 1, 2007. Our interest in Liberty is less than 5% of their shares and is adjusted to their quoted market price, including a related foreign exchange component.
Our effective overall borrowing rate for the year ended December 31, 2008, decreased 55 basis points to 5.12% as compared to the year ended December 31, 2007. This was a result of a significant decrease in the base LIBOR rate applicable to a majority of our floating rate debt (0.44% at December 31, 2008, versus 4.60% at December 31, 2007) and also the issuance of new unsecured and secured debt at favorable rates. Our financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2008, included:
º •
º decreasing borrowings on the Operating Partnership's $3.5 billion
unsecured credit facility, or Credit Facility, to approximately
$1.0 billion during the year ended December 31, 2008. The amount
outstanding includes $446.3 million (U.S. dollar equivalent) in Euro
and Yen-denominated borrowings.
º •
º borrowing $735 million on a term loan that matures March 5, 2012 and
bears a rate of LIBOR plus 70 basis points. This loan is secured by
the cash flow distributed from six properties and has additional
availability of $115 million through the maturity date.
º •
º issuing two tranches of senior unsecured notes in May totaling
$1.5 billion at a weighed average fixed interest rate of 5.74%. We
used the proceeds of the offering to reduce borrowings on the Credit
Facility and for general working capital purposes.
º •
º redeeming the $200.0 million in remarketable debt securities that bore
interest at 7.00%, and, as discussed above, resulted in our
recognizing a $20.3 million loss in the second quarter related to this
extinguishment of debt.
º •
º redeeming a $150.0 million unsecured note that bore interest at a
fixed rate of 5.38%.
º •
º borrowing $190.0 million on a loan secured by Philadelphia Premium
Outlets, which matures on July 30, 2014 and bears interest at a
variable rate of LIBOR plus 185 basis points. On January 2, 2009, we
executed a swap agreement that fixes the interest rate of this loan at
4.19%. We used the proceeds of the borrowing for general working
capital purposes.
º •
º borrowing $260 million on a term loan that matures September 23, 2013
and bears interest at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 195 basis points.
On January 2, 2009, we executed a swap agreement that fixes the
interest rate of this loan at 4.35%. This is a cross-collateralized
loan that is secured by The Domain, Shops at Arbor Walk, and Palms
Crossing. We used the proceeds of the borrowing for general working
capital purposes.
United States Portfolio Data
The portfolio data discussed in this overview includes the following key operating statistics: occupancy; average base rent per square foot; and comparable sales per square foot for our four domestic platforms. We include acquired properties in this data beginning in the year of acquisition and remove properties sold in the year disposed. We are separately reporting in this section the 16 regional malls we acquired in the 2007 acquisition of The Mills Corporation, or the Mills acquisition. We do not include any properties located outside of the United States in this section. The following table sets forth these key operating statistics for:
º •
º properties that are consolidated in our consolidated financial
statements,
º •
º properties we account for under the equity method of accounting as
joint ventures, and
º •
º the foregoing two categories of properties on a total portfolio basis.
%/Basis Points %/Basis Points %/Basis Point
2008 Change(1) 2007 Change(1) 2006 Change(1)
Regional Malls:
Occupancy
Consolidated 92.6% -130 bps 93.9% +90 bps 93.0% -30 bps
Unconsolidated 91.9% -80 bps 92.7% -80 bps 93.5% +80 bps
Total Portfolio 92.4% -110 bps 93.5% +30 bps 93.2% +10 bps
Average Base Rent per
Square Foot
Consolidated $ 38.21 5.4% $ 36.24 4.2% $ 34.79 2.2%
Unconsolidated $ 42.03 8.5% $ 38.73 6.2% $ 36.47 3.3%
Total Portfolio $ 39.49 6.5% $ 37.09 4.8% $ 35.38 2.6%
Comparable Sales per
Square Foot
Consolidated $ 445 (5.6%) $ 472 2.2% $ 462 6.2%
Unconsolidated $ 523 (1.5%) $ 530 4.9% $ 505 5.6%
Total Portfolio $ 470 (4.3%) $ 491 3.2% $ 476 5.8%
Premium Outlet
Centers:
Occupancy 98.9% -80 bps 99.7% +30 bps 99.4% -20 bps
Average Base Rent per $ 27.65 7.7% $ 25.67 5.9% $ 24.23 4.6%
Square Foot
Comparable Sales per $ 513 1.8% $ 504 7.0% $ 471 6.1%
Square Foot
The Mills®:
Occupancy 94.5% +40 bps 94.1% - - -
Average Base Rent per $ 19.51 2.4% $ 19.06 - - -
Square Foot
Comparable Sales per $ 372 0.1% $ 372 - - -
Square Foot
Mills Regional Malls:
Occupancy 87.4% -210 bps 89.5% - - -
Average Base Rent per $ 36.99 3.8% $ 35.63 - - -
Square Foot
Comparable Sales per $ 418 (5.8%) $ 444 - - -
Square Foot
Community/Lifestyle
Centers:
Occupancy
Consolidated 89.3% -360 bps 92.9% +140 bps 91.5% +200 bps
Unconsolidated 93.3% -330 bps 96.6% +10 bps 96.5% +40 bps
Total Portfolio 90.7% -340 bps 94.1% +90 bps 93.2% +160 bps
Average Base Rent per
Square Foot
Consolidated $ 13.70 7.6% $ 12.73 7.0% $ 11.90 1.7%
Unconsolidated $ 12.41 4.7% $ 11.85 1.5% $ 11.68 8.0%
Total Portfolio $ 13.25 6.6% $ 12.43 5.2% $ 11.82 3.6%
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Occupancy Levels and Average Base Rent Per Square Foot. Occupancy and average base rent are based on mall and freestanding Gross Leasable Area, or GLA, owned by us in the regional malls, and all tenants at The Mills, Premium Outlet Centers, and community/lifestyle centers. Our portfolio has maintained relatively stable occupancy and increased the aggregate average base rents despite the current economic climate.
Comparable Sales Per Square Foot. Comparable sales include total reported retail tenant sales at owned GLA (for mall and freestanding stores with less than 10,000 square feet) in the regional malls, and all reporting tenants at The Mills and the Premium Outlet Centers and community/lifestyle centers. Retail sales at owned GLA affect revenue and profitability levels because sales determine the amount of minimum rent that can be charged, the percentage rent realized, and the recoverable expenses (common area maintenance, real estate taxes, etc.) that tenants can afford to pay.
International Property Data
The following are selected key operating statistics for certain of our
international properties.
2008 % Change 2007 % Change 2006
European Shopping Centers
Occupancy 98.4 % 98.7 % 97.1 %
Comparable sales per square €411 -2.5 % €421 7.7 % €391
foot
Average rent per square foot €30.11 1.8 % €29.58 12.5 % €26.29
International Premium Outlet
Centers (1)
Occupancy 99.9 % 100 % 100 %
Comparable sales per square ¥92,000 -1.3 % ¥93,169 4.4 % ¥89,238
foot
Average rent per square foot ¥4,685 1.3 % ¥4,626 -0.4 % ¥4,646
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Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP, requires management to use judgment in the application of accounting policies, including making estimates and assumptions. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. These judgments affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. If our judgment or interpretation of the facts and circumstances relating to various transactions had been different, it is possible that different accounting policies would have been applied resulting in a different presentation of our financial statements. From time to time, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions. In the event estimates or assumptions prove to be different from actual results, adjustments are made in subsequent periods to reflect more current information. Below is a discussion of accounting policies that we consider critical in that they may require complex judgment in their application or require estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. For a summary of our significant accounting policies, see Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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º We, as a lessor, retain substantially all of the risks and benefits of
ownership of the investment properties and account for our leases as
operating leases. We accrue minimum rents on a straight-line basis
over the terms of their respective leases. Substantially all of our
retail tenants are also required to pay overage rents based on sales
over a stated base amount during the lease year. We recognize overage
rents only when each tenant's sales exceed its sales threshold.
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º We review investment properties for impairment on a
property-by-property basis whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying value of investment properties may not be
recoverable. These circumstances include, but are not limited to,
declines in cash flows, occupancy and comparable sales per square foot
at the property. We recognize an impairment of investment property
when the estimated undiscounted operating income before depreciation
and amortization plus its residual value is less than the carrying
value of the property. To the extent impairment has occurred, we
charge to income the excess of
carrying value of the property over its estimated fair value. We may decide to sell properties that are held for use and the sale prices of these properties may differ from their carrying values.
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º To maintain our status as a REIT, we must distribute at least 90% of
our taxable income in any given year and meet certain asset and income
tests. We monitor our business and transactions that may potentially
impact our REIT status. In the unlikely event that we fail to maintain
our REIT status, and available relief provisions do not apply, then we
would be required to pay federal income taxes at regular corporate
income tax rates during the period we did not qualify as a REIT. If we
lost our REIT status, we could not elect to be taxed as a REIT for
four years unless our failure was due to reasonable cause and certain
other conditions were met. As a result, failing to maintain REIT
status would result in a significant increase in the income tax
expense recorded during those periods.
º •
º We make estimates as part of our allocation of the purchase price of
acquisitions to the various components of the acquisition based upon
the relative value of each component. The most significant components
of our allocations are typically the allocation of fair value to the
buildings as-if-vacant, land and market value of in-place leases. In
the case of the fair value of buildings and the allocation of value to
land and other intangibles, our estimates of the values of these
components will affect the amount of depreciation we record over the
estimated useful life of the property acquired or the remaining lease
term. In the case of the market value of in-place leases, we make our
best estimates of the tenants' ability to pay rents based upon the
tenants' operating performance at the property, including the
competitive position of the property in its market as well as sales
psf, rents psf, and overall occupancy cost for the tenants in place at
the acquisition date. Our assumptions affect the amount of future
revenue that we will recognize over the remaining lease term for the
acquired in-place leases.
º •
º A variety of costs are incurred in the acquisition, development and
leasing of properties. After determination is made to capitalize a
cost, it is allocated to the specific component of a project that is
benefited. Determination of when a development project is
substantially complete and capitalization must cease involves a degree
of judgment. Our capitalization policy on development properties is
guided by SFAS No. 34 "Capitalization of Interest Cost" and SFAS
No. 67 "Accounting for Costs and the Initial Rental Operations of Real
Estate Properties." The costs of land and buildings under development
include specifically identifiable costs. The capitalized costs include
pre-construction costs essential to the development of the property,
development costs, construction costs, interest costs, real estate
taxes, salaries and related costs and other costs incurred during the
period of development. We consider a construction project as
substantially completed and held available for occupancy and cease
capitalization of costs upon opening.
Results of Operations
In addition to the activity discussed above in "Results Overview", the following acquisitions, property openings, and other activity affected our consolidated results from continuing operations in the comparative periods:
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º On December 31, 2008, we acquired an additional 5% interest in Gateway
Shopping Center.
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º On November 13, 2008, we opened Jersey Shore Premium Outlets, a
435,000 square foot outlet center with 120 designer and name-brand
outlet stores located in Tinton Falls, New Jersey.
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º On November 6, 2008, we opened the second phase of Orlando Premium
Outlets, a 114,000 square foot expansion that is 100% leased and adds
40 new merchants, located in Orlando, Florida.
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º On September 12, 2008, we acquired an additional 3.2% interest in
White Oaks Mall.
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º On May 1, 2008, we opened Pier Park, a 900,000 square foot, open-air
retail center located in Panama City, Florida.
º •
º On March 27, 2008, we opened Houston Premium Outlets, a 427,000 square
foot outlet center located approximately 30 miles west of Houston in
Cypress, Texas.
º •
º On January 1, 2008 we acquired an additional 1.8% interest in Oxford
Valley Mall and Lincoln Plaza.
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º On November 15, 2007, we opened Palms Crossing, a 396,000 square foot
community center, located adjacent to the new McAllen Convention
Center in McAllen, Texas.
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º On November 8, 2007, we opened Philadelphia Premium Outlets, a 425,000
square foot outlet center located 35 miles northwest of Philadelphia
in Limerick, Pennsylvania.
º •
º On November 1, 2007, we acquired an additional 6.5% interest in
Montgomery Mall.
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º On August 23, 2007, we acquired Las Americas Premium Outlets, a
560,000 square foot upscale outlet center located in San Diego,
California, for $283.5 million, including the assumption of its
$180.0 million mortgage.
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º On July 13, 2007, we acquired an additional 1% interest in Bangor
Mall.
º •
º On March 29, 2007, we acquired an additional 25% interest in two
regional malls (Town Center at Cobb and Gwinnett Place) in the Mills
acquisition and now consolidate those properties.
º •
º On March 28, 2007, we acquired a 100% interest in The Maine Outlet, a
112,000 square foot outlet center located in Kittery, Maine for a
purchase price of $45.2 million.
º •
º On March 9, 2007, we opened The Domain, in Austin, Texas, which
combines 700,000 square feet of luxury fashion and restaurant space,
75,000 square feet of Class A office space and 390 apartments.
º •
º On March 1, 2007, we acquired the remaining 40% interest in University
Park Mall and University Center. We had previously consolidated these
properties, but now have no provision for noncontrolling interest in
our consolidated income from continuing operations since March 1,
2007.
º •
º On December 1, 2006, we opened Shops at Arbor Walk, a 230,841 square
foot community center located in Austin, Texas.
º •
º On November 2, 2006, we opened Rio Grande Valley Premium Outlets, a
404,000 square foot upscale outlet center in Mercedes, Texas, 20 miles
east of McAllen, Texas, and 10 miles from the Mexico border.
º •
º On November 2, 2006, we received capital transaction proceeds of
$102.2 million related to the beneficial interests in a mall that the
Simon family contributed to us in 2006. This transaction terminated
our beneficial interests and resulted in the recognition of an
$86.5 million gain.
º • . . .
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