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| DELL > SEC Filings for DELL > Form 10-K on 26-Mar-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
26-Mar-2009
Annual Report
SPECIAL NOTE: This section, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," contains forward-looking statements that are based on our current expectations. Actual results in future periods may differ materially from those expressed or implied by those forward-looking statements because of a number of risks and uncertainties. For a discussion of risk factors affecting our business and prospects, see "Part I - Item 1A - Risk Factors." This section should be read in conjunction with "Part II - Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data."
All percentage amounts and ratios were calculated using the underlying data in thousands. Unless otherwise noted, all references to industry share and total industry growth data are for computer systems (including desktops, notebooks, and x86 servers), and are based on information provided by IDC Worldwide Quarterly PC Tracker, February 17, 2009. Industry share data is for the calendar year and all our growth rates are on a fiscal year-over-year basis. Unless otherwise noted, all references to time periods refer to our fiscal periods.
Overview
Our Company
As a leading technology company, we offer a broad range of product categories, including mobility, desktop PCs, software and peripherals, servers and networking, services, and storage. We are the number one supplier of computer systems in the United States, and the number two supplier worldwide.
We have manufacturing locations around the world and relationships with third-party original equipment manufacturers. This structure allows us to optimize our global supply chain to best serve our global customer base. We continue to expand our supply chain which allows us to enhance product design and features, shorten product development cycles, improve logistics, and lower costs, thus improving our competitiveness.
We were founded on the core principle of a direct customer business model, which included build to order hardware for consumer and commercial customers. The inherent velocity of this model, which included a highly efficient global supply chain, allowed for low inventory levels and the ability to be among the industry leaders in selling the most relevant technology, at the best value, to our customers. Our direct relationships with customers also allowed us to bring to market products that featured customer driven innovation, thereby allowing us to be on the forefront of changing user requirements and needs. Over time we have expanded our business model to include a broader portfolio of products, including services, and we have also added new distribution partners, such as retail, system integrators, value added resellers, and distributors, which allow us to reach even more end-users around the world. We also offer various financing alternatives, asset management services, and other customer financial services for business and consumer customers. As a part of our overall growth strategy, we have executed targeted acquisitions to augment select areas of our business with more products, services, and technology.
Our new distribution partnerships include the launch in Fiscal 2008 of our global retail initiative, offering select products in retail stores in the Americas, Europe, Middle East, and Africa ("EMEA"), and Asia Pacific-Japan ("APJ") regions. In Fiscal 2008, we also launched PartnerDirect, a global program that brings our existing value-added reseller programs under one umbrella including training, certification, deal registration, focused sales and customer care, and a dedicated web portal.
We continue to simplify technology, enhance value, and lower costs for our customers while expanding our business opportunities. Underpinning these goals is our commitment to achieving world-class competitiveness, any-to-any supply chain, services and solutions, and sales effectiveness. We are currently focused on five key growth priorities which, when coupled with our core competencies, we believe will drive an optimal balance of long-term sustained growth, profitability, and liquidity:
- Global Consumer - In the first quarter of Fiscal 2009, we realigned our management and financial reporting structure to focus on worldwide sales to individual consumers and retailers as a part of an internal consolidation of our consumer business. Our global consumer business sells to customers through our on-line store at www.dell.com, over the phone, and through our retail channel. The global consolidation of this business has improved our global sales execution and coverage through better customer alignment, targeted sales force investments in rapidly growing countries, and improved marketing tools. We are also designing new, innovative products with faster development cycles and competitive features including the new Studio line of notebooks, which allow consumers greater personalization and self expression. Finally, we have rapidly expanded our retail business in order to reach more consumers.
- Enterprise - In the enterprise, our solution mission is to help companies of all sizes simplify their IT environments. The complete solution includes servers, storage, services, and software. At the core of this simplification is the problem with complexity in IT architecture and operations developed over decades and ineffective services models that create unnecessary complexity and cost. We are focused on helping customers identify and remove this unnecessary cost and complexity. This year we have strengthened our storage portfolio with expanded EqualLogic solutions, new PowerVault storage products, and fourth generation Dell ï EMC storage systems. We also invested in power and cooling solutions for our data center platforms, including blade servers, and as a result we have become the industry leader in server virtualization, power, and cooling performance.
- Notebooks - Our goal is to reclaim notebook leadership by creating the best products while shortening our development cycle and being the most innovative developer of notebooks. To help meet this goal, we have separated our consumer and commercial design functions to drive greater focus on our product development process. According to IDC data, the sale of notebook units globally outpaced that of desktops for the first time during the third quarter of calendar 2008; this trend is expected to continue into the future. In the third quarter of Fiscal 2009, we introduced a new addition to our Dell Inspiron products with our new 3G enabled Inspiron Mini. In the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2009, we launched our new Studio XPS 13, Studio XPS 16, and Inspiron 15 notebooks for consumers, and we introduced our Latitude XT2 convertible tablet for our commercial customers. This year, we also had the largest global product launch in our company's history with our new E-Series commercial Latitude and Dell Precision notebooks. We expect to continue to launch a number of new notebook products throughout Fiscal 2010, targeting various price and performance bands.
- Small and Medium Business - We are focused on providing small and medium businesses with the simplest and most complete IT solution, customized for their needs, by extending our channel direct program (PartnerDirect) and expanding our offerings to mid-sized businesses. We are committed to improving our storage products and services as evidenced by our new building IT-as-a-Service solution, which provides businesses with remote and lifecycle management, e-mail backup, and software license management.
- Emerging countries - We are focused on and investing resources in emerging countries with an emphasis on Brazil, Russia, India, and China ("BRIC"), where we expect significant growth to occur over the next several years. We are also creating customized products and services to meet the preferences and demands of individual countries and various regions, including the new Vostro A notebooks and desktops designed specifically for cost sensitive growing businesses in emerging economies.
We continue to invest in initiatives that will align our new and existing products around customers' needs in order to drive long-term, sustainable growth, profitability, and cash flow. We also continue to grow our business organically and through acquisitions. During Fiscal 2009, we acquired three companies, with the largest being MessageOne, Inc. These acquisitions are targeted to further expand our service capabilities. We expect to make more acquisitions in the future.
Result of Operations
Consolidated Operations
The following table summarizes our consolidated results of operations for each
of the past three fiscal years:
Fiscal Year Ended
January 30, 2009 February 1, 2008 February 2, 2007
% of % of % of
Dollars Revenue % Change Dollars Revenue % Change Dollars Revenue
(in millions, except per share amounts and percentages)
Net revenue $ 61,101 100.0% (0%) $ 61,133 100.0% 6% $ 57,420 100.0%
Gross margin $ 10,957 17.9% (6%) $ 11,671 19.1% 23% $ 9,516 16.6%
Operating expenses $ 7,767 12.7% (6%) $ 8,231 13.5% 28% $ 6,446 11.2%
Operating income $ 3,190 5.2% (7%) $ 3,440 5.6% 12% $ 3,070 5.4%
Income tax provision $ 846 1.4% (4%) $ 880 1.4% 16% $ 762 1.3%
Net income $ 2,478 4.1% (16%) $ 2,947 4.8% 14% $ 2,583 4.5%
Earnings per share - diluted $ 1.25 N/A (5%) $ 1.31 N/A 15% $ 1.14 N/A
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Share Position - We shipped 43 million units in Fiscal 2009. According to IDC, in calendar year 2008, we maintained our second place position in the worldwide computer systems market with a share position of 15.1%. We gained share, both in the U.S. and internationally, as our worldwide growth of 11.1% for calendar 2008 exceeded the overall worldwide computer systems growth of 9.7%. Our gain in share was driven by a strong overall performance in the first half of Fiscal 2009 followed by a decline in unit shipments in our commercial business in the second half of the year, which was partially offset by strength in our global consumer business. Our commercial business's
slower unit growth in the second half of Fiscal 2009 reflects our decision in an eroding demand environment to selectively pursue unit growth opportunities while protecting profitability. We will continue to focus on improving the mix of our product portfolio to higher margin products and recurring revenue streams.
Fiscal 2009 compared to Fiscal 2008
Fiscal 2009 was a year of mixed results for us. During the first half of the fiscal year we capitalized on growth opportunities and experienced double digit growth driven by increased industry demand. This growth was followed by a period of challenging economic conditions, with a decline in global IT end-user demand. As a result, during the second half of Fiscal 2009, we realigned our balance of liquidity, profitability, and growth, selectively focusing on areas that provided profitable growth opportunities. Throughout the year we took actions to reduce operating expenses and optimize product costs. While no one can predict the severity and duration of the current global economic slowdown, we are planning for a continued challenging end-user demand environment in Fiscal 2010. We will selectively invest in strategic growth opportunities, and we will continue our activity around optimizing and transforming our cost structure.
Net Revenue - Fiscal 2009 revenue remained flat year-over-year at $61.1 billion even though unit shipments increased 7% year-over-year. Our revenue performance is primarily attributed to a decrease in selling prices, as discussed further below. During Fiscal 2009, our global commercial business revenue declined 2% year-over-year while unit shipment remained flat as a result of the challenging economic environment that was prevalent in the second half of Fiscal 2009. Our global consumer business offset this decline in revenue by posting year-over-year revenue growth of 11% on unit growth of 35% for Fiscal 2009.
Our average selling price (total revenue per unit sold) during Fiscal 2009 decreased 7% year-over-year. Average selling prices were impacted by a change in revenue mix between our commercial and consumer business. Selling prices in our commercial business are typically higher than our consumer business selling prices. During the year our global consumer unit shipments grew significantly whereas our commercial unit shipments remained flat year over year. Our increased presence in consumer retail also contributed to our average selling price decline as retail typically has lower average selling prices than our on-line and phone direct business. Average selling prices were also impacted by a competitive pricing environment. Our market strategy has been to concentrate on solution sales to drive a more profitable mix of products and services, while pricing our products to remain competitive in the marketplace. During Fiscal 2009, we continued to see competitive pressure, particularly for lower priced desktops and notebooks, as we targeted a broader range of products and price bands. We expect this competitive pricing environment will continue for the foreseeable future.
Revenue outside the U.S. represented approximately 48% of Fiscal 2009 net revenue. Outside the U.S., we produced 4% year-over-year revenue growth for Fiscal 2009 as opposed to a 3% decline in revenue for the U.S. The decline in our U.S. revenue is mainly attributable to our commercial business in the U.S., which was impacted by the downturn in the global economy during the second half of Fiscal 2009. Our U.S. consumer business was also impacted by the economic slowdown; however, its revenue increased 5% year-over-year, aided by our expansion into retail through an increased number of worldwide retail locations. Outside of the U.S. we continue to focus on revenue and unit growth in the BRIC countries. BRIC revenue growth during Fiscal 2009 was 20% as we are tailoring solutions to meet specific regional needs, enhancing relationships to provide customer choice and flexibility, and expanding into these and other emerging countries that represent the vast majority of the world's population. From a worldwide product perspective, the continuing decline in desktop unit sales and prices, and decreases in mobility selling prices contributed heavily to our Fiscal 2009 performance.
During Fiscal 2009, the U.S. dollar experienced significant volatility relative to the other principal currencies in which we transact business with the exception of the Japanese Yen. We manage our business on a U.S. Dollar basis, and as a result of our comprehensive hedging program, foreign currency fluctuations did not have a significant impact on our consolidated results of operations.
Operating Income - Operating income decreased 7% year-over-year to $3.2 billion in Fiscal 2009. The decrease was partially driven by a shift in product mix that resulted in lower average selling prices. Additionally, operating income was impacted by higher cost of sales, which lowered our gross margin percentage, partially offset by reduced operating expenses.
Net Income - For Fiscal 2009 net income decreased 16% year-over-year to $2.5 billion. Net income was impacted by a 7% year-over-year decline in operating income, a 65% decline in investment and other income, and an increase in our effective tax rate from 23.0% to 25.4%.
Fiscal 2008 compared to Fiscal 2007
Net Revenue - Fiscal 2008 revenue increased 6% year-over-year to $61.1 billion, with unit shipments up 5% year-over-year. Revenue grew across all segments except for Global Consumer. Revenue outside the U.S. represented approximately 47% of Fiscal 2008 net revenue, compared to approximately 44% in the prior year. Outside the U.S., we produced 14% year-over-year revenue growth for Fiscal 2008. Combined BRIC revenue growth during Fiscal 2008 was 27%. Worldwide, all product categories grew revenue over the prior year other than desktop PCs, which declined 1% as consumers continued to migrate to mobility products.
In Fiscal 2008, our average selling price increased 2% year-over-year, which primarily resulted from our pricing strategy, compared to a 1% year-over-year increase for Fiscal 2007. In Fiscal 2008, we experienced intense competitive pressure, particularly for lower priced desktops and notebooks, as competitors offered aggressively priced products with better product recognition and more relevant feature sets.
During Fiscal 2008, the U.S. dollar weakened relative to the other principal currencies in which we transact business; however, as a result of our hedging activities, foreign currency fluctuations did not have a significant impact on our consolidated results of operations.
Operating Income - Operating income increased 12% year-over-year to $3.4 billion. The increased profitability was mainly a result of strength in mobility, solid demand for enterprise products, and a favorable component-cost environment. In Fiscal 2007, operating income was $3.1 billion.
Net Income - Net income increased 14% year-over-year to $2.9 billion for Fiscal 2008 from $2.6 billion in Fiscal 2007. Net income was impacted by a $112 million year-over-year increase in investment and other income, partially offset by an increase in our effective tax rate from 22.8% to 23.0%.
Revenues by Segment
We conduct operations worldwide. Effective in the first quarter of Fiscal 2009, we combined our consumer businesses of EMEA, APJ, and Americas International (formerly reported through Americas Commercial) with our U.S. Consumer business and re-aligned our management and financial reporting structure. As a result, effective in the first quarter of Fiscal 2009, our operating structure consisted of the following four segments: Americas Commercial, EMEA Commercial, APJ Commercial, and Global Consumer. Our commercial business includes sales to corporate, government, healthcare, education, small and medium business customers, and value-added resellers and is managed through the Americas Commercial, EMEA Commercial, and APJ Commercial segments. The Americas Commercial segment, which is based in Round Rock, Texas, encompasses the U.S., Canada, and Latin America. The EMEA Commercial segment, based in Bracknell, England, covers Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. The APJ Commercial segment, based in Singapore, encompasses the Asian countries of the Pacific Rim as well as Australia, New Zealand, and India. The Global Consumer segment, which is based in Round Rock, Texas, includes global sales and product development for individual consumers and retailers around the world. We revised previously reported operating segment information to conform to our new operating structure in effect during the first quarter of Fiscal 2009.
On December 31, 2008, we announced our intent during Fiscal 2010 to move from geographic commercial segments to global business units reflecting the impact of globalization on our customer base. Customer requirements now share more commonality based on their sector rather than physical location. We expect to combine our current Americas Commercial, EMEA Commercial, and APJ Commercial segments and realign our management structure. After this realignment, our operating structure will consist of the following segments: Global Large Enterprise, Global Public, Global Small and Medium Business ("SMB"), and our existing Global Consumer segment. We believe that these four distinct, global business organizations can capitalize on our competitive advantages and strengthen execution. We expect to begin reporting the four global business segments once we complete the realignment of our management and financial reporting structure, which is expected to be complete in the first half of Fiscal 2010.
During the second half of Fiscal 2008, we began selling desktop and notebook computers, printers, ink, and toner through retail channels in the Americas, EMEA, and APJ in order to expand our customer base. Our goal is to have strategic relationships with a number of major retailers in our larger geographic regions. During Fiscal 2009, we continued to expand our global retail presence, and we now reach over 24,000 retail locations worldwide.
The following table summarizes our net revenue by reportable segment for each of the past three fiscal years:
Fiscal Year Ended
January 30, 2009 February 1, 2008 February 2, 2007
% of % of % of
Dollars Revenue % Change Dollars Revenue % Change Dollars Revenue
(in millions, except percentages)
Net revenue:
Americas Commercial $ 28,614 47 % (5% ) $ 29,981 49 % 6% $ 28,289 49 %
EMEA Commercial 13,617 22 % 0% 13,607 22 % 15% 11,842 21 %
APJ Commercial 7,341 12 % 2% 7,167 12 % 15% 6,223 11 %
Global Consumer 11,529 19 % 11% 10,378 17 % (6% ) 11,066 19 %
Net revenue $ 61,101 100 % (0% ) $ 61,133 100 % 6% $ 57,420 100 %
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Fiscal 2009 compared to Fiscal 2008
Americas Commercial - Americas Commercial revenue decreased 5% with unit shipments down 7% year-over-year for Fiscal 2009. Revenue declined across all business sectors within Americas Commercial, except for Latin America and sales to the U.S. Federal government, due to the decline in IT end-user demand environment. Growth in Latin America was led by Brazil and Argentina which experienced revenue growth of 18% and 10%, respectively, during Fiscal 2009 as compared to Fiscal 2008. Year-over-year, average selling prices increased 2% as we improved our mix of products and services during the year. From a product perspective, the revenue decline was primarily due to a decrease in desktop revenue of 14% on a unit decline of 9%, and a decrease in mobility revenue of 10% on a unit decline of 5%. Average selling prices for desktops and mobility products both decreased 6% year-over-year as a result of competitive pricing pressures due to the slowdown in IT spending. The decline in desktop and mobility sales was partially offset by revenue growth in services and software and peripherals, which increased 14% and 6%, respectively, during Fiscal 2009. We continue to focus on selling solutions to our customers to provide greater value for each dollar of spend and to bolster our average selling prices.
EMEA Commercial - During Fiscal 2009 EMEA Commercial revenue remained flat year-over-year at $13.6 billion on unit growth of 6%. This volume growth was mainly the result of a 21% year-over-year increase in mobility shipments. Even though mobility unit shipments increased 21%, revenue only increased 8% as average selling prices for mobility products declined 10% year-over-year. Due to the decline in IT spending, downward pricing pressures negatively impacted selling prices for EMEA Commercial's mobility products as well as its desktop and servers and networking products as average selling prices for all products declined 6% year-over-year. In addition to mobility revenue growth, storage revenue and software and peripherals revenue grew 20% and 6%, respectively. Offsetting this revenue growth were year-over-year revenue declines of 11% and 5% for desktops and servers and networking, respectively. During Fiscal 2009, EMEA Commercial experienced challenging demand in Western Europe; however, there was double digit revenue growth in emerging countries such as the Czech Republic, Poland, and Ukraine. This growth, while consistent with our overall strategy, continued to drive a mix shift in the EMEA Commercial revenue base, towards products in lower price bands, which reduced average selling prices.
APJ Commercial - During Fiscal 2009, APJ Commercial experienced a 2% year-over-year increase in revenue on a unit volume increase of 10% as average revenue per unit declined 6%. Consistent with our other commercial segments, selling prices were strategically reduced to remain competitive in a slow global economy. Revenue grew across all product lines, year-over-year, except for desktop and servers and networking products. Revenue from mobility products grew 8% on a unit growth of 21%, and desktop revenue declined 2% on unit growth of 5% due to the continued shift in customer preference from desktops to notebooks. Storage, services, and software and peripherals revenue increased year-over-year by 12%, 6%, and 5%, respectively, for Fiscal 2009. From a country perspective, our targeted countries of India, the Philippines, Vietnam, and Indonesia experienced high double digit revenue growth during the year. During Fiscal 2009, year-over-year revenue growth in China, which is APJ Commercial's largest country by revenue and is also a target country, slowed significantly as revenue grew only 1% due to a weakening global economy.
Global Consumer - Global Consumer revenue increased 11% in Fiscal 2009 from Fiscal 2008 on a unit volume increase of 35%. Average revenue per unit declined 18% due to our participation in a wider distribution of price bands including lower average sales prices realized as we expanded our presence in retail through an increased number of worldwide retail locations. Retail typically has lower average selling prices than our on-line and phone direct business. Mobility revenue grew 32% year-over-year on unit growth of 67%, and desktop revenue decreased 17% year-over-year on a unit decline of 5% as customer preference continued to shift from desktops to notebooks. Also contributing to Global Consumer's revenue growth was software and peripherals revenue increase of 13% and continued strength in emerging markets. During calendar 2008, we have grown nearly two times the industry rate of growth on a unit basis and
increased our global share to 8.7%, up from 7.8% in the previous year, driven by continued success in the global retail channel and a more diversified product portfolio. This growth was led by our APJ consumer business with a 45% year-over-year increase in revenue.
Fiscal 2008 compared to Fiscal 2007
Americas Commercial - Americas Commercial grew revenue as well as units by 6% in Fiscal 2008, compared to 3% revenue growth on a slight unit decline in Fiscal 2007. The increase in revenue in Fiscal 2008 resulted from strong sales of mobility products, servers and networking, services, and software and peripherals, which grew 9%, 8%, 9%, and 13%, respectively, year-over-year. The . . .
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