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| GNCMA > SEC Filings for GNCMA > Form 10-K on 23-Mar-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
23-Mar-2009
Annual Report
In the following discussion, General Communication, Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries are referred to as "we," "us" and "our."
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discusses our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to the allowance for doubtful receivables, unbilled revenues, accrual of the USF high-cost area program subsidy, share-based compensation, reserve for future customer credits, valuation allowances for deferred income tax assets, depreciable and amortizable lives of assets, the carrying value of long-lived assets including goodwill, cable certificates and wireless licenses, our effective tax rate, purchase price allocations, the accrual of Cost of Goods Sold, depreciation, and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. See also our "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements."
We reclassified $16.7 million and $12.7 million of network maintenance and operations expense from selling, general and administrative expense to Cost of Goods Sold for 2007 and 2006, respectively. We believe this change in presentation more closely aligns our maintenance and operations components to the nature of expenses included in our financial statement captions.
The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and supplementary data as presented in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
General Overview
Through our focus on long-term results, acquisitions, and strategic capital investments, we strive to consistently grow our revenues and expand our margins. We have historically met our cash needs for operations, regular capital expenditures and maintenance capital expenditures through our cash flows from operating activities. Historically, cash requirements for significant acquisitions and major capital expenditures have been provided largely through our financing activities. The ongoing weakness in the national economy and credit market turmoil continue to negatively impact consumer confidence and spending. If these trends continue, they could lead to reductions in consumer spending which could impact our revenue growth. We believe the Alaska economy continues to perform well compared to most other states at the current time. Mortgage foreclosure rates in Alaska are the lowest in the nation and the commercial real estate market is steady. Alaska appears to be relatively well positioned to weather recessionary pressures despite the recent steep decline in energy prices. The State of Alaska has large cash reserves that should enable it to maintain its budget for at least the next two fiscal years. This is important for Alaska's economy as the State is the largest employer and second largest source of gross state product. The majority of our revenue is driven by the strength of the Alaska economy which appears relatively well positioned to weather the recessionary pressures, nonetheless we cannot predict the impact the economic crisis may have on us.
Our five reportable segments are Consumer, Network Access, Commercial, Managed Broadband and Regulated Operations. Our reportable segments are business units that offer different products, are each managed separately, and serve distinct types of customers. The Network Access segment provides services to other common carrier customers and the Managed Broadband segment provides services to rural school districts, hospitals and health clinics. Effective June 1, 2008, we purchased 100% of the outstanding stock of UUI and Unicom. The financial results of the long-distance, local access and Internet services sold to consumer and commercial customers of certain of these acquired companies are reported in the Regulated Operations segment. The financial results of the long-distance services sold to other common carrier customers and the managed broadband services components of certain of these acquired companies are included in the Network Access and Managed Broadband Services segments, respectively. Effective July 1, 2008, we closed on our purchase of 100% of the ownership interests of Alaska Wireless whose results are included in the Consumer segment.
Following are our segments and the services and products each offers to its customers:
Reportable Segments
Managed
Services and Products Consumer Network Access Commercial Broadband Regulated Operations
Voice:
Long-distance X X X X
Local Access X X X X
Directories X
Video X X
Data:
Internet X X X X X
Data Networks X X X
Managed Services X X
Managed Broadband Services X
Wireless X X X X
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An overview of our services and products follows.
Voice Services and Products
Long-distance
We generate long-distance services revenues from monthly plan fees and usage
charges.
Factors that have the greatest impact on year-to-year changes in long-distance services revenues include the rate per minute charged to customers and usage volumes expressed as minutes of use.
Common carrier traffic routed to us for termination in Alaska is largely dependent on traffic routed to our common carrier customers by their customers. Pricing pressures, new program offerings, and market and business consolidations continue to evolve in the markets served by our other common carrier customers. If, as a result, their traffic is reduced, or if their competitors' costs to terminate or originate traffic in Alaska are reduced, our traffic will also likely be reduced, and our pricing may be reduced to respond to competitive pressures, consistent with federal law. Additionally, disruption in the economy resulting from terrorist attacks and other attacks or acts of war could affect our carrier customers. We are unable to predict the effect on us of such changes. However, given the materiality of other common carrier revenues to us, a significant reduction in traffic or pricing could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and liquidity.
Due in large part to the favorable synergistic effects of our bundling strategy focused on consumer and commercial customers, long-distance services continue to be a significant contributor to our overall performance, although the migration of traffic from our voice products to our data and wireless products continues.
Our long-distance service faces significant competition from AT&T Alascom, ACS, MTA, long-distance resellers, and certain smaller rural local telephone companies that have entered the long-distance market. We believe our approach to developing, pricing, and providing long-distance services and bundling different services will continue to allow us to be competitive in providing those services.
Local Access
We generate local access services revenues from four primary sources: (1) basic
dial tone services; (2) data network and special access services; (3)
origination and termination of long-distance calls for other common carriers;
and (4) features and other charges, including voice mail, caller ID, distinctive
ring, inside wiring and subscriber line charges.
The primary factors that contribute to year-to-year changes in local access services revenues include the average number of subscribers to our services during a given reporting period, the average monthly rates charged for non-traffic sensitive services, the number and type of additional premium features selected, the traffic sensitive access rates charged to carriers and amounts received from the USAC.
We estimate that our December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 total lines in service represent a statewide market share of 33%, 28% and 26%, respectively. At December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 71.6%, 53.8% and 36.8%, respectively, of our lines, including the lines of UUI at December 31, 2008, are provided on our own facilities.
Our local access service faces significant competition in Anchorage, Fairbanks, and Juneau from ACS, which is the largest ILEC in Alaska, and from Alascom in Anchorage for consumer services. Alascom has received certification from the RCA to provide local access services in Fairbanks and Juneau. In the Matanuska-Susitna Valley our local access service faces competition from MTA, the ILEC in this area. In October 2007, we began offering local access service in the Kenai-Soldotna area and face competition from ACS, the ILEC in this area. We compete against other smaller ILECs in certain smaller communities. We believe our approach to developing, pricing, and providing local access services and bundling different services will allow us to be competitive in providing those services.
We are continuing to expand our local access service areas and will offer service in these new areas using a combination of methods. To a large extent, we plan to use our existing fiber and coaxial cable networks to deliver local access services. Where we do not have our own facilities, we may resell other carriers' services, lease portions of an existing carrier's network or seek wholesale discounts.
We plan to continue to deploy DLPS lines which utilize our coaxial cable facilities. This service delivery method allows us to utilize our own cable facilities to provide local access service to our customers and avoid paying local loop charges to the ILEC.
On May 1, 2008, the FCC issued an order adopting the recommendation of the Joint Board to impose a state-by-state interim cap on high cost funds to be distributed to competitive ETCs. As part of the revised policy, the FCC adopted a limited exception from the cap for competitive ETCs serving tribal lands or Alaska Native regions. While the operation of the cap will generally reduce the high cost fund amounts available to competitive ETCs as new competitive ETCs are designated and as existing competitive ETCs acquire new customers, providers like us who serve tribal lands or Alaska Native regions were provided some relief. On March 5, 2009, the FCC issued an additional order waiving a previously adopted limitation to the exception, the result of which is to provide uncapped support for all lines served by competitive ETCs for tribal lands or Alaska Native regions during the time the interim cap is in effect. The uncapped support for tribal lands or Alaska Native regions and the cap for all other regions will be in place until the FCC takes action on proposals for long term reform.
The Joint Board has recommended for FCC consideration long-term options for reforming USF support, including establishing separate funds for mobility and broadband support. Separately, the FCC has issued two reform proposals for changing the basis for support amounts. We cannot predict at this time the outcome of the FCC proceedings to consider USF reform proposals or their respective impacts on us. Both these and any future regulatory, legislative, or judicial actions could affect the operation of the USF and result in a change in our revenue for providing local access services in new and existing markets and facilities-based wireless services in new markets.
UUI and its subsidiary, United-KUC, which were acquired by us effective June 1, 2008, are ILECs and therefore are subject to regulation by the RCA. UUI and United-KUC do not face significant competition.
Directories
We sell advertising in our yellow pages directories to commercial customers,
distribute white and yellow pages directories to customers in certain markets we
serve, and offer an on-line directory.
Video Services and Products
We generate cable services revenues from three primary sources: (1) digital
programming services, including monthly basic and premium subscriptions,
pay-per-view movies, video on demand and one-time events, such as sporting
events; (2) equipment rentals; and (3) advertising sales.
Our cable systems serve 40 communities and areas in Alaska, including the state's five largest population centers, Anchorage, Fairbanks, the Matanuska-Susitna Valley, the Kenai Peninsula, and Juneau. We transmit an entirely digital signal for all cable television channels in all markets we serve as of December 31, 2008.
The primary factors that contribute to period-to-period changes in cable services revenues include average monthly subscription rates and pay-per-view buys, the mix among basic, premium and digital tier services, the average number of cable television subscribers during a given reporting period, set-top box utilization and related rates, revenues generated from new product offerings, and sales of cable advertising services.
Our cable service offerings are bundled with various combinations of our long-distance, local access, and Internet services. Value-added premium services are available for additional charges.
Our cable television systems face competition primarily from alternative methods of receiving and distributing television signals, including DBS and digital video over telephone lines, and other sources of news, information and entertainment, including Internet services.
Data Services and Products
Internet
We generate Internet services revenues from three primary sources: (1) access
product services, including cable modem, dial-up, and dedicated access; (2)
network management services; and (3) wholesale access for other common carriers.
The primary factors that contribute to year-to-year changes in Internet services revenues include the average number of subscribers to our services during a given reporting period, the average monthly subscription rates, the amount of bandwidth purchased by large commercial customers, and the number and type of additional premium features selected.
Marketing campaigns continue to be deployed featuring bundled products. Our Internet offerings are bundled with various combinations of our long-distance, cable, and local access services and provide free or discounted basic or premium Internet services. Value-added premium Internet features are available for additional charges.
We compete with a number of Internet service providers in our markets. We believe our approach to developing, pricing, and providing Internet services allows us to be competitive in providing those services.
Data Networks
We generate data network services revenue from two primary sources: (1) leasing
capacity on our facilities that utilize voice and data transmission circuits,
dedicated to particular subscribers, which link a device in one location to
another in a different location and (2) through the sale of IP based data
services on a secured shared network to businesses linking multiple enterprise
locations. The factor that has the greatest impact on year-to-year changes in
data network services revenues is the number of data networks in use. We compete
against Alascom, ACS and other local telecommunication service providers.
Managed Services
We design, sell, install, service and operate, on behalf of certain customers,
communications and computer networking equipment and provide field/depot, third
party, technical support, communications consulting and outsourcing services. We
also supply integrated voice and data communications systems incorporating
interstate and intrastate digital data networks, point-to-point and multipoint
private network and small earth station services. There are a number of
competing companies in Alaska that actively sell and maintain data and voice
communications systems.
Our ability to integrate communications networks and data communications equipment has allowed us to maintain our market position based on "value added" support services rather than price competition. These services are blended with other transport products into unique customer solutions, including managed services and outsourcing.
Managed Broadband Services
We generate managed broadband services revenue through our SchoolAccess®,
ConnectMD® and managed video conferencing products. Our customers may purchase
end-to-end broadband services solutions blended with other transport and
software products. There are several competing companies in Alaska that actively
sell broadband services. Our ability to provide end-to-end broadband services
solutions has allowed us to maintain our market position based on "value added"
products and services rather than solely based on price competition.
SchoolAccess® is a suite of services designed to advance the educational opportunities of students in underserved regions of the country. Our SchoolAccess® division provides Internet and distance learning services designed exclusively for the school environment. The Schools and Libraries Program of the USF makes discounts available to eligible rural school districts for telecommunication services and monthly Internet service charges. The program is intended to ensure that rural school districts have access to affordable services.
Our network, Internet and software application services provided through our Managed Broadband segment's Medical Services Division are branded as ConnectMD®. Our ConnectMD® services are currently provided under contract to medical businesses in Alaska, Washington and Montana. The Rural Health Care Program of the USF makes discounts available to eligible rural health care providers for telecommunication services and monthly Internet service charges. The program is intended to ensure that rural health care providers pay no more for telecommunications in the provision of health care services than their urban counterparts. Customers utilize ConnectMD® services to securely move data, images, or voice traffic, to include real time multipoint interactive video.
We offer a managed video conferencing product for use in distance learning, telemedicine and group communication and collaboration environments. The product is designed to offer customers enhanced communication services that support video, audio and data presentation. Our product benefits customers by reducing travel costs, improving course equity in education and increasing the quality of health services available to patients. The product bundles our data products, video conferencing services and optional rental of video conferencing endpoint equipment. Our video conferencing services include multipoint conferencing, ISDN gateway and transcoding services, online scheduling and conference control, and videoconference recording, archiving and streaming. We provide 24-hour technical support via telephone or online.
Wireless Services and Products
We generate wireless services and equipment revenues from four primary sources:
(1) monthly plan fees; (2) usage and roaming charges; (3) wireless Internet
access; and (4) handset and accessory sales.
We offer wireless services by selling services over our own facilities and reselling AT&T Mobility's services under the GCI brand name and by selling services over our own facilities under the Alaska DigiTel and Alaska Wireless brand names. We compete against AT&T Mobility, ACS, MTA, and resellers of those services in Anchorage and other markets. The GCI and Alaska DigiTel brands compete against each other.
In December 2007 we signed an agreement with AT&T Mobility that provides for an orderly transition of our wireless customers from the AT&T Mobility network in Alaska to our wireless facilities. The agreement requires our customers to be on our wireless network by June 30, 2009, but allows our customers to use the AT&T Mobility network for roaming during the transition period. The four-year transition period, which expires June 30, 2012, provides us adequate time to replace the AT&T Mobility network in Alaska with our own wireless facilities. We started transitioning our customers to our wireless facilities in November 2008.
On July 1, 2008, we completed the acquisition of all of the ownership interests in Alaska Wireless for an initial acquisition payment of $14.3 million. In addition to the initial acquisition payment, we have agreed to a contingent payment in 2010 if certain financial conditions are met. Alaska Wireless is a GSM cellular provider and an Internet service provider serving subscribers in the Dutch Harbor, Sand Point, and Akutan, Alaska areas. In addition to the acquisition, we entered into a management agreement with the previous owners of Alaska Wireless. The business continues to operate under the Alaska Wireless name and the previous owners continue to manage its day-to-day operations. The results of operations generated by Alaska Wireless are included in wireless services in our Consumer segment.
We acquired the remaining minority interest in Alaska DigiTel for a total consideration of $10.4 million effective August 18, 2008. We now own 100% of Alaska DigiTel. Prior to August 18, 2008, our control over the operations of Alaska DigiTel was limited as required by the FCC upon their approval of our initial acquisition completed in January 2007. In conjunction with this acquisition we paid $1.8 million to terminate the management agreement entered into upon our acquisition of 82% of the equity interest of Alaska DigiTel in January 2007. The termination cost is recorded in selling, general and administrative expense during the year ended December 31, 2008.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth selected Statements of Operations data as a percentage of total revenues for the periods indicated (underlying data rounded to the nearest thousands):
Percentage Change 1 Percentage Change 1
2008 2007
Year Ended December 31, vs. vs.
(Unaudited) 2008 2007 2006 2007 2006
Statements of Operations Data:
Revenues:
Consumer segment 44.5 % 43.0 % 37.5 % 14.4 % 24.9 %
Network Access segment 26.7 % 31.4 % 34.9 % (5.9 %) (1.9 %)
Commercial segment 19.9 % 20.1 % 22.2 % 9.6 % (1.2 %)
Managed Broadband segment 6.4 % 5.5 % 5.4 % 28.7 % 10.2 %
Regulated Operations segment 2.5 % 0.0 % 0.0 % NM NM
Total revenues 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 10.6 % 9.0 %
Selling, general and
administrative expenses 36.6 % 33.8 % 33.3 % 19.7 % 10.6 %
Depreciation and amortization
expense 19.9 % 16.8 % 17.2 % 30.5 % 6.7 %
Operating income 8.3 % 11.8 % 14.1 % (22.0 %) (9.2 %)
Other expense, net 8.4 % 6.8 % 6.9 % 37.6 % 6.6 %
Income (loss) before income
taxes and cumulative effect of a
change in accounting principle
in 2006 (0.1 %) 5.0 % 7.2 % (96.9 %) (24.4 %)
Income (loss) before cumulative
effect of a change in accounting
principle in 2006 (0.3 %) 2.6 % 3.9 % (113.6 %) (25.6 %)
Net income (loss) (0.3 %) 2.6 % 3.9 % (113.6 %) (25.9 %)
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1 Percentage change in underlying data.
NM - Not meaningful.
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Year Ended December 31, 2008 ("2008") Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007
("2007")
Overview of Revenues and Cost of Goods Sold Total revenues increased 10.6% from $520.3 million in 2007 to $575.4 million in 2008. Revenue increases in our Consumer, Commercial, Managed Broadband and Regulated Operations segments were partially off-set by decreases in our Network Access segment. See the discussion below for more information by segment.
Total Cost of Goods Sold increased 3.7% from $195.8 million in 2007 to $203.1 million in 2008. Cost of Goods Sold increases in our Consumer, Commercial, Managed Broadband and Regulated Operations segments were partially off-set by decreases in our Network Access segment. See the discussion below for more information by segment.
Consumer Segment Overview
Consumer segment revenue represented 44.5% of 2008 consolidated revenues. The
components of Consumer segment revenue are as follow (amounts in thousands):
Percentage
2008 2007 Change
Voice $ 47,042 46,212 1.8 %
Video 105,238 96,327 9.3 %
Data 42,692 34,230 24.7 %
Wireless 60,660 46,733 29.8 %
Total Consumer segment revenue $ 255,632 223,502 14.4 %
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Consumer segment Cost of Goods Sold represented 44.3% of 2008 consolidated Cost of Goods Sold. The components of Consumer segment Cost of Goods Sold are as follows (amounts in thousands):
Percentage
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