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CCRN > SEC Filings for CCRN > Form 10-K on 17-Mar-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for CROSS COUNTRY HEALTHCARE INC


17-Mar-2009

Annual Report


Item 7.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with Selected Financial Data, Risk Factors, Forward-Looking Statements and our Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes and other data, all of which appear elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Certain prior year information has been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.

Overview

We are a diversified leader in healthcare staffing services. We offer a comprehensive suite of staffing and outsourcing services to the healthcare market, which together include being a leading provider of nurse and allied staffing services in the United States; a national provider of multi-specialty locum tenens (temporary physician staffing) services; a provider of clinical trials services to global pharmaceutical and biotechnology customers; and a provider of other human capital management services focused on healthcare.

We have a diversified revenue mix across business sectors and healthcare customers. For the quarter ended December 31, 2008, our nurse and allied staffing business segment represented approximately 60% of our revenue and is comprised of travel and per diem nurse staffing and travel allied health staffing. Travel nurse staffing represented approximately 50% of our total revenue and 84% of our nurse and allied staffing business segment revenue. Other nurse and allied staffing services include the placement of per diem nurses and allied healthcare professionals, such as radiology technicians, rehabilitation therapists and respiratory therapists. Our physician staffing business segment represented approximately 22% of 2008 fourth quarter revenue and consists of temporary physician staffing services (locum tenens). Our clinical trials services business segment represented approximately 12% of our revenue and consists of service offerings that include traditional staffing, as well as clinical trials management, drug safety monitoring and regulatory services to pharmaceutical and biotechnology customers. Our other human capital management services business segment represented approximately 6% of our revenue and consists of education and training and retained search services.

For the year ended December 31, 2008, our revenue was $734.2 million, and we had a net loss of $142.9 million, or $(4.61) per diluted share. The net loss was a result of recording $244.1 million ($167.0 million after taxes) in impairment charges, a separate line item on our consolidated statement of operations, in the fourth quarter of 2008, primarily related to our annual goodwill impairment testing. During 2008, we generated $51.0 million in cash flow from operations and we ended the year with total debt of $133.1 million and $10.2 million of unrestricted cash, resulting in a ratio of debt, net of unrestricted cash, to total capitalization of 33.5% as of December 31, 2008.

In general, we evaluate the Company's financial condition and operating results by revenue, contribution income (see Segment Information), and net (loss) income. We also use measurement of our cash flow generation and operating and leverage ratios to help us assess our financial condition. In addition, we monitor several key volume and profitability indicators such as number of orders, contract bookings, number of FTEs and price.

Nurse and Allied Staffing

Our nurse and allied staffing services business segment is headquartered in Boca Raton, Florida. Our travel staffing business is operated from a relatively centralized business model servicing all of the assignments needs of our field employees and client facilities through operation centers located in Boca Raton, Florida; Malden, Massachusetts; Newtown Square, Pennsylvania; Tampa, Florida; and Norcross, Georgia. Our per diem staffing operations are provided through a network of brand offices serving major metropolitan markets predominantly located on the east and west coasts of the U.S.


Our nurse and allied staffing revenue and earnings are impacted by the relative supply of nurses and demand for our staffing services at healthcare facilities. We rely significantly on our ability to recruit and retain nurses and other healthcare professionals who possess the skills, experience and, as required, licensure necessary to meet the specified requirements of our clients. Shortages of qualified nurses and other healthcare professionals could limit our ability to fill open orders and grow our revenue and net income. In general, we believe nurses are more willing to seek travel assignments during relatively high levels of demand for contract employment, and conversely, are more reluctant to seek travel assignments during and immediately following periods of weak demand for contract employment. We also believe demand for travel nurse staffing services will be favorably impacted in the long-term by an aging population and an increasing shortage of nurses.

Cross Country Staffing is our core staffing brand that markets its staffing services to hospitals and healthcare facilities throughout the U.S. as well as operates differentiated recruiting brands to recruit registered nurses and allied healthcare professionals on a domestic and international basis. As a part of its business strategy, Cross Country Staffing is pursuing and implementing exclusive and preferred provider relationships with hospital clients and group purchasing organizations. Cross Country Staffing provides clients with a suite of solutions to facilitate the efficient management of their temporary workforce while decreasing overall operating costs. These range from efficiency-enhancing technology to full vendor management solutions.

We operate differentiated nurse and allied recruiting brands including Cross Country TravCorps, MedStaff, NovaPro, Cross Country Local, Allied Health Group and Assignment America to recruit nurses and allied healthcare professionals on a domestic and international basis. We believe that these professionals are attracted to us because we offer a wide range of diverse assignments at attractive locations, competitive compensation and benefit packages, as well as high levels of customer service.

Typically, as admissions increase for our hospital customers, temporary employees are often added before full-time employees are hired. As admissions decline, clients tend to reduce their use of temporary employees before undertaking layoffs of their staff employees. The current environment for our nurse and allied staffing services reflects both hospital admission trends that have been flat-to-down since the first quarter of 2003 and a deteriorating national labor market resulting in higher levels of unemployment that translates into more uninsured people and fewer people with commercial health insurance coverage. In a difficult operating environment, during the fourth quarter of 2008, demand for our travel nurse staffing services, as expressed by the number of orders from our hospital and healthcare facility customers, declined approximately 52 % from the prior year while our staffing volume decreased 15% year-over-year. However, we were able to improve our margins through continued expansion of the bill-pay spread and a moderation of housing expenses. Bill rates, as measured by revenue per hour in our travel nurse staffing business, continued to rise in the low single-digit range consistent with our experience over the past several years. In addition, we experienced a decrease in booking activity from our clients for future assignments. Our hospital clients have been increasingly reluctant to commit to a contract nurse, most often citing low patient census and budget reductions as factors for their hesitation. On the supply side, we believe a nurse's willingness to leave a full-time hospital staff position is affected by the overall economic environment and its potential impact on the employment security and income earnings potential of the nurse's spouse. We believe that recent weakness in the nation's employment statistics is likely having an adverse effect on the willingness of nurses to relinquish the security of a full-time hospital staff position in order to take a travel assignment with us. Due to these economic and market factors, there is the potential for the business environment for nurse and allied staffing to weaken further during 2009.

Physician Staffing

We added the physician staffing business segment in 2008 with the acquisition of MDA Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, MDA) as described in the Acquisitions section which follows. MDA is headquartered in Norcross, Georgia. Our physician staffing business segment provides multi-specialty locum tenens (temporary physician staffing) and allied staffing services to the healthcare industry in all 50 states.

Clinical Trials Services

Our clinical trials services business segment is headquartered at the Research Triangle Park ("RTP") in Durham, North Carolina. We provide a flexible range of traditional contract staffing, clinical research outsourcing, drug safety monitoring, and regulatory consulting services to pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device companies, as well as contract research organization (CRO) customers. We market these services through multiple brand offerings that have allowed us to establish a significant geographic footprint in the U.S. along with an important presence in the European market.


Our clinical trials services business has also experienced a reluctance from its clients to commit to project start-ups. Certain projects scheduled to start in the fourth quarter were delayed until 2009. Pharmaceutical and biotechnology customers have become less willing to use temporary staffing and out-sourcing services to meet their clinical trials objectives. We believe this is driven by an effort to reduce expenses at all levels to conserve cash in the current economic environment at all levels. This includes research efforts, which effectively delays the start of some clinical projects. However, we believe there are a sufficient number of trials being planned that represent opportunities for this business both on a domestic and international basis.

Other Human Capital Management Services

Education and Training Services

Our Cross Country Education (CCE) subsidiary, headquartered in Brentwood, Tennessee, provides continuing education programs to the healthcare industry. CCE offers one-day seminars and e-learning, as well as national and regional conferences on topics relevant to nurses and other healthcare professionals. In 2008, CCE held more than 5,500 seminars and conferences that were attended by more than 170,000 registrants in 259 cities across the U.S. We extend these educational services to our field employees on favorable terms as a recruitment and retention tool.

Retained Search

Our Cejka Search subsidiary, headquartered in Creve Coeur, Missouri, is a nationally recognized retained search organization that provides physician and executive search services throughout the U.S. exclusively to the healthcare industry, including physician group practices, hospitals and health systems, academic medical centers, managed care, and other healthcare organizations.

History

In July 1999, an affiliate of Charterhouse Group, Inc (Charterhouse) and certain members of management acquired the assets of Cross Country Staffing, our predecessor, from W. R. Grace & Co. Upon the closing of this transaction, we changed from a partnership to a C corporation form of ownership. In December 1999, we acquired TravCorps Corporation (TravCorps), which was owned by investment funds managed by Morgan Stanley Private Equity (Morgan Stanley) and certain members of TravCorps' management and subsequently changed our name to Cross Country TravCorps, Inc. Subsequent acquisitions and dispositions were made as discussed below. In 2001, we changed our name to Cross Country, Inc., and in October 2001, we completed our initial public offering. Subsequently, in May 2003, we changed our name to Cross Country Healthcare, Inc.

In March 2002, and November 2004, Charterhouse and Morgan Stanley sold a portion of their ownership through secondary offerings. Subsequently, in 2005, Morgan Stanley completed the sale of its investment in the Company. During 2006, Charterhouse sold a majority of its remaining ownership in Cross Country Healthcare but still owns approximately 2.5 million shares as of December 31, 2008.

Revenue

Our travel and per diem nurse staffing revenue is received primarily from acute care hospitals. Revenue from allied staffing services is received from numerous sources, including providers of radiation, rehabilitation and respiratory services at hospitals, nursing homes, sports medicine clinics and schools. Our physician staffing services revenue is primarily received from hospitals and group practices. Our clinical trials services revenue is received primarily from companies in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device industries, as well as from contract research organizations and acute care hospitals conducting clinical research trials. Revenue from our retained search and our education and training services is received from numerous sources, including hospitals, physician group practices, insurance companies and individual healthcare professionals. Our fees are paid directly by our clients and, in certain cases, by third-party administrative payers. As a result, we have no direct exposure to Medicare or Medicaid reimbursements.

Revenue is recognized when services are rendered. Accordingly, accounts receivable includes an accrual for employees' and independent contractors' estimated time worked but not yet invoiced. Similarly, accrued compensation includes an accrual for employees' and independent contractors' time worked but not yet paid. Each of our field employees and independent contractors on travel assignment works for us under a contract. The contract period is typically 13 weeks for our nurse and allied staffing employees and typically a shorter duration for physician independent contractors and typically a longer term for our clinical trials staffing employees. Our staffing employees are hourly employees whose contract specifies the hourly rate they will be paid, and any other benefits they are entitled to receive during the contract period. We typically bill clients at an hourly rate and assume all employer costs for our staffing employees, including payroll, withholding taxes, benefits,


professional liability insurance and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requirements, as well as any travel and housing arrangements.

We have also entered into certain contracts with acute care facilities to provide comprehensive vendor management services. Under these contract arrangements, we use our nurses primarily, along with those of third party subcontractors, to fulfill customer orders. If a subcontractor is used, revenue is recorded at the time of billing, net of any related subcontractor liability. The resulting net revenue represents the administrative fee charged by us for our vendor management services.

Management fees are included in some of our clinical research contracts that cover the life of a project. These fees are recognized on a straight-line basis for the specific length of the project.

Acquisitions

MDA Holdings, Inc.

On September 9, 2008, we consummated the acquisition of MDA. We paid $115.9 million in cash at closing, which included $3.6 million as an estimated net working capital adjustment which was subject to final adjustments. Of the cash paid at closing, approximately $8.7 million was being held in escrow to cover any post-closing liabilities (Indemnification Escrow) and $0.3 million was being held in escrow to cover any net working capital adjustments (Net Working Capital Escrow). During the fourth quarter of 2008, approximately $1.6 million of the Indemnification Escrow was released to us and recorded to goodwill as a reduction in purchase price. Also during the fourth quarter of 2008, we finalized the net working capital adjustment and calculated an additional payment to the sellers of approximately $0.1 million which was paid and included in goodwill as additional purchase price. In connection with this net working capital adjustment, the entire Net Working Capital Escrow of $0.3 million was also released to the sellers. Additionally, a post-closing adjustment to the purchase price of approximately $0.3 million was paid to the sellers in the fourth quarter of 2008 and is included in goodwill as additional purchase price.

The transaction also includes an earnout provision based on 2008 and 2009 performance criteria. This contingent consideration is not related to the sellers' employment. If the earnout payments are made, they will be allocated to goodwill as additional purchase price, in accordance with FASB Statement No. 141, Business Combinations. In the second quarter of 2009, we expect to pay an earnout related to the 2008 performance, which amount has not been finalized at the date of this filing.

Our senior secured revolving credit facility entered into on November 10, 2005 was amended and restated as of September 9, 2008 ("Credit Agreement") in connection with the acquisition of MDA. The Credit Agreement kept in place an existing $75.0 million revolving loan facility and provided for a 5 year $125.0 million term loan facility with Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC and certain of its affiliates, Banc of America Securities LLC and certain other lenders. The proceeds from the term loan were used to fund the acquisition, pay financing related fees, and pay certain acquisition expenses. The remainder of the proceeds was used to reduce our borrowings under our revolving loan facility. See the consolidated financial statements Note 7 - Long-term Debt, for more information about the term loan and amended Credit Agreement.

Headquartered in Norcross, Georgia, MDA provides multi-specialty locum tenens (temporary physician staffing) and allied staffing services to the healthcare industry in all 50 states. MDA is a leading provider of locum tenens staffing solutions. MDA has an in-house NCQA-certified Credentials Verification Organization which verifies critical credentials prior to physician assignments. It also offers its physicians occurrence-based malpractice coverage, as compared to less desirable claims-made policies offered by its main competitors. The acquisition of MDA solidifies our position as a leading national provider of healthcare staffing solutions. We expect to benefit from a more diversified revenue stream as physicians are viewed as revenue generators by its hospital clients, as compared to nurses, who represent a cost center. We are also able to offer a more comprehensive suite of services to our healthcare clients and recognize there may be some potential synergies with our physician search business.

The acquisition has been accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement No. 141, Business Combinations, using the purchase method. The results of MDA's operations have been included in the consolidated statements of operations since September 1, 2008, the agreed-upon accounting date of the acquisition. MDA's allied staffing services have been included in our nurse and allied staffing business segment. MDA's physician staffing services have been reported as a new business segment, physician staffing, in accordance with FASB Statement No. 131, Disclosure about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information.

Based on an independent third-party appraisal, we assigned the following values to intangible assets: $46.0 million to trademarks with an indefinite life and not subject to amortization, $21.0 million for customer relations with a useful life of


12 years, $1.1 million to database with a useful life of 9 years, and $1.0 million to noncompete agreements with a weighted average useful life of 4 years. The excess of purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired approximated $26.4 million and was recorded as goodwill, which is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. Additional acquisition costs of approximately $0.6 million were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2008, and are included as goodwill in the consolidated balance sheet.

Assent Consulting

On July 18, 2007, we completed an acquisition of the shares of privately-held Assent Consulting (Assent) for $19.6 million in cash paid at closing, including $1.0 million which was held in escrow to cover any post-closing liabilities. We financed this acquisition using our revolving loan facility. The purchase price was subject to a working capital adjustment that was settled with a payment of $0.5 million to us in the fourth quarter of 2007. This transaction also includes an earnout provision up to a maximum of $4.9 million based on 2007 and 2008 performance criteria. This contingent consideration was not related to the sellers' employment. In the second quarter of 2008, we paid $4.6 million related to 2007 performance satisfying all earnout amounts potentially due to the seller in accordance with the asset purchase agreement. Of this payment, $2.0 million was being held in escrow, subject to forfeiture to us, to the extent a 2008 performance milestone was not achieved. However, based on 2008 performance the full amount was released in the first quarter of 2009. The entire payment was allocated to goodwill as additional purchase price, in accordance with FASB Statement No. 141.In addition, in the first quarter of 2009, the escrow of $1.0 million was released to the sellers.

Headquartered in Cupertino, California, Assent provides staffing services primarily consisting of highly qualified clinical research, biostatistics and drug safety professionals to companies in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. We believe this acquisition expands our geographical presence on the West Coast of the U.S. and broadens our client base for our clinical trials services business.

The acquisition has been accounted for using the purchase method and it is included in the clinical trials services business segment. The results of Assent operations have been included in the consolidated statements of operations since the date of acquisition, in accordance with FASB Statement No. 141.

Based on an independent third-party appraisal, we assigned the following values to intangible assets: $5.2 million for customer relations with a useful life of 10 years, $0.5 million to database with a useful life of 6 years, $0.4 million to a noncompete agreement with a useful life of 5 years, and $0.3 million to trademarks with a useful life of 1.5 years. The excess of purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired approximated $11.6 million and was recorded as goodwill, which is not subject to amortization but deductible for tax purposes.

AKOS Limited

On June 6, 2007, we acquired all of the shares of privately-held AKOS Limited (AKOS), based in the United Kingdom, for a total purchase price of up to £7.2 million, consisting of an up-front payment of £4.0 million and potential earnout payments up to £3.2 million in 2007 and 2008, plus a working capital adjustment. The share purchase agreement also specified an estimated additional payment of £0.5 million, paid at closing, consisting of cash purchased. An additional amount of £0.2 million was paid in the third quarter of 2007, based on changes in net working capital, as defined by the share purchase agreement, and has been allocated to goodwill as additional purchase price.

The consideration for this acquisition was approximately $8.9 million in cash paid at closing, which included $1.0 million for the additional payment and $0.8 million which was held in escrow to cover any post-closing liabilities. The post-closing working capital adjustment paid by us equated to approximately $0.3 million. We financed this transaction using our revolving loan facility.

The potential earnout payments were based on 2007 and 2008 performance, as defined by the share purchase agreement and is not related to the sellers' employment. In the first quarter of 2008, we paid £1.1 million (approximately $2.1 million) related to 2007 performance. In the first quarter of 2009, we expect to pay £0.5 million related to 2008 performance. The payments have been and will be allocated to goodwill as additional purchase price, in accordance with FASB Statement No. 141. During the fourth quarter of 2008, all of the funds held in escrow were released to the sellers.

AKOS has been conducting business since 1986 and provides drug safety, regulatory and clinical trial services to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies in Europe, the United States, Canada and Asia. AKOS is based approximately 30 miles north of London, England, and strategically located inside what is considered to be the United Kingdom's research triangle that extends outward from London to Cambridge and Oxford Universities. We believe the addition of AKOS will


allow us to provide a more global and comprehensive range of contract staffing and outsourcing services to pharmaceutical and biotech customers.

The acquisition has been accounted for using the purchase method and is included in the clinical trials services business segment. The results of AKOS' operations have been included in the consolidated statements of operations since the date of acquisition, in accordance with FASB Statement No. 141.

Based on an independent third-party appraisal, we assigned $1.7 million to trademarks with an indefinite life and not subject to amortization. In addition, we assigned $2.6 million to total other identifiable intangible assets subject to amortization as follows: $2.2 million was assigned to customer relations with a useful life of 8.6 years, and $0.4 million was assigned to other intangibles with an estimated useful life of 6 years. The excess of purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired approximated $3.8 million and was recorded as goodwill, which is not subject to amortization and is not deductible locally for tax purposes. Additional direct acquisitions costs of $0.4 million were incurred during year ended December 31, 2007, and are included as goodwill in the consolidated balance sheet.

The following table provides certain information relating to our acquisitions to date:

                                        Acquisition                              Purchase          Potential             Earnout
Acquired Business                           Date         Primary Services       Price (a)           Earnout               Earned

MDA Holdings, Inc.                     September 2008   Temporary physician   $114.7 million          (b)                  (c)
                                                        staffing and allied
                                                        staffing services
Assent Consulting                      July 2007        Clinical trials       $19.1 million       $4.9 million         $4.6 million
                                                        staffing of
                                                        clinical research,
                                                        biostatistics and
                                                        drug safety
                                                        professionals
AKOS Limited                           June 2007        Clinical trials        $9.2 million    £3.2 million based    £1.1 million for
                                                        staffing, drug        (£4.6 million)    on 2007 and 2008         2007 (c)
                                                        safety and
                                                        regulatory services
. . .
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