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STEL > SEC Filings for STEL > Form 10-K on 16-Mar-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for STELLARONE CORP


16-Mar-2009

Annual Report


Item 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

STELLARONE CORPORATION

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a discussion of our financial condition at December 31, 2008 and 2007 and our results of operations for each of the three-years ended December 31, 2008. The purpose of this discussion is to focus on information about our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources of StellarOne Corporation (the Company) and its subsidiary bank which is not otherwise apparent from the consolidated financial statements. The following discussion and analysis should be read along with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere herein.

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

StellarOne Corporation, a Virginia corporation, is a financial holding company based in Charlottesville, Virginia. Its principal subsidiary, StellarOne Bank, is headquartered in Christiansburg, Virginia. the Company's core businesses include retail and small business banking, commercial banking, consumer lending, mortgage banking and wealth management services. During 2008, the Company consummated the merger of equals with FNB Corporation to create one of the largest independent commercial banks headquartered in Virginia. the Company had 61 financial centers, one loan production office, and over 80 ATMs serving the New River Valley, Roanoke Valley, Shenandoah Valley, and Central and North Central Virginia at December 31, 2008.

On February 28, 2008, pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated as of July 26, 2007, between Virginia Financial Group, Inc. and FNB Corporation, Virginia Financial Group, Inc. and FNB completed the merger in which FNB and it's subsidiary FNB Bank merged with and into Virginia Financial Group, Inc., with Virginia Financial Group, Inc. as the surviving corporation and changing its name to StellarOne Corporation (prior to the effective date of the merger, VFG or the "Company" and after the merger "StellarOne" or the "Company"). This transaction created one of the largest independent commercial bank holding companies headquartered in Virginia.

The Company provides convenient financial services through multiple channels in its primary banking markets. the Company has developed products and services designed to meet the needs of all consumers. The Company focuses on attracting and retaining customers through "Excellence Partnership and Service". This strategy includes partnering with our clients while providing excellent service through branches that are open six days a week, automated teller machine ("ATM") networks and telephone and internet banking. The Company's philosophy is to generate interest income, fees and other revenue growth through business lines that emphasize higher yielding assets and low or no interest-cost deposits. The Company's growth strategies include new branch expansion, acquisitions and the development of new products and services. New products and services are designed to build on existing businesses and expand into complementary products and services through strategic initiatives.

The Company's lending strategy is to originate high credit quality, primarily secured, loans. The Company's largest core lending business is its commercial and residential real estate loan operation, which offers variable-rate loans and lines of credit secured by real estate properties. These loans are generally made on local properties or to local customers within our markets.

StellarOne's year to date operating results include the former Virginia Financial Group, Inc. for the entire period, but results from the former FNB Corporation "FNB" are only included from February 28, 2008 forward, representing the period subsequent to consummation of the merger of equals transaction between VFG and FNB. Historical 2007 data contained herein reflects only the results of the former VFG prior to merger.

Earnings for 2008 totaled $9.4 million compared to $17.0 million earned during 2007, a decrease of 44.7%. Diluted earnings per share for 2008 amounted to $0.45 per share compared to $1.57 per share during 2007. The expectations related to earnings were not


realized during 2008 due to asset quality issues related to the recessionary economic conditions and troubled housing market. The Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $20.8 million for 2008, an increase of $18.7 million compared to the $2.0 million recorded in 2007. The provision compares to net charge-offs of $16.9 million for the year. The allowance as a percentage of total loans increased from 1.23% at December 31, 2007 to 1.35% at December 31, 2008 in order maintain reserves commensurate with the loan portfolio's inherent risk. While it is difficult to predict the impact or length of the recessionary economy, StellarOne anticipates further increases to non-performing assets and net charge-offs during 2009.

The Company generated approximately $20.8 million in cash flow from operating activities in 2008. It paid dividends to stockholders of $12.6 million, issued 30,000 shares of preferred stock to the U.S. Treasury in exchange for $30 million pursuant to the U.S. Treasury Capital Purchase Program under TARP, and generated $54.3 million in cash flows from the maturity and sale of investment securities to facilitate the curtailment of $68.7 million in short-term debt associated with a program that was discontinued during 2008, invested $10.6 million in capital expenditures and curtailed approximately $18.5 million in long term debt, net. Earnings were impacted by deterioration in asset quality, the result of a severely weakened economy and real estate market.

The Company's focus for 2009 will be to enhance shareholder value by ensuring we retain our strong capital position which will provide pillar of strength as we manage through these unprecedented economic times. We will focus on deploying our $30 million in capital invested in StellarOne as part of the U.S. Treasury Capital Purchase Program, including a continuation of lending to businesses and consumers, reduction of foreclosures through a special mortgage refinance program and fixed income investments providing assistance to municipalities. Additionally, our strong capital position will enable us to implement a leveraging strategy by seeking acquisition and merger partners enabling us to move into higher growth markets when the economic climate improves. Finally, we will focus on increasing our earnings potential by optimizing the profitability of our lines of business through the use of more technologically advanced analytic systems.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

This report refers to the efficiency ratio, which is computed by dividing noninterest expense by the sum of net interest income and noninterest income, net of gains or losses on securities, fixed assets and foreclosed assets. The efficiency ratio is not a recognized reporting measure under Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States "USGAAP". We believe this measure provides investors with important information regarding our operational efficiency. Management believes such financial information is meaningful to the reader in understanding operating performance, but cautions that such information not be viewed as a substitute for USGAAP. The Company, in referring to its net income, is referring to income under USGAAP. Our efficiency ratio is computed by dividing noninterest expense by the sum of net interest income and noninterest income, net of gains or losses on securities, fixed assets and foreclosed assets. Comparison of our efficiency ratio with those of other companies may not be possible, because other companies may calculate the efficiency ratio differently.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

General

The Company's financial statements are prepared in accordance with USGAAP and with general practices within the banking industry. In connection with the application of those principles, we have made judgments and estimates which, in the case of the determination of our allowance for loan losses and the assessment of impairment of the intangibles resulting from the Merger in 2008 with FNB Corporation, as well as the branch purchases which occurred in 2003, have been critical to the determination of our financial position and results of operations.


Allowance for Loan Losses

The Company considers the allowance for loan and lease losses of $30.5 million appropriate to cover losses incurred in the loan and lease portfolios as of December 31, 2008. However, no assurance can be given that the Company will not, in any particular period, sustain loan and lease losses that are sizable in relation to the amount reserved, or that subsequent evaluations of the loan and lease portfolio, in light of factors then prevailing, including economic conditions, the Company's ongoing credit review process or regulatory requirements, will not require significant changes in the allowance for loan and lease losses. Among other factors, a continued economic slowdown and/or a decline in commercial or residential real estate values in the Company's markets may have an adverse impact on the current adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses by increasing credit risk and the risk of potential loss.

The total allowance for loan and lease losses is generally available to absorb losses from any segment of the portfolio. The allocation of the Company's allowance for loan and lease losses disclosed in the asset quality table is subject to change based on the changes in criteria used to evaluate the allowance and is not necessarily indicative of the trend of future losses in any particular portfolio.

The discussion and analysis included in this section contains detailed information regarding the Company's allowance for loan and lease losses, net charge-offs, non-performing assets, past due loans and leases and potential problem loans and leases. Included in this data are numerous portfolio ratios that must be carefully reviewed in relation to the nature of the underlying loan and lease portfolios before appropriate conclusions can be reached regarding the Company or for purposes of making comparisons to other banks. Most of the Company's non-performing assets and past due loans are secured by real estate. Given the nature of these assets and the related mortgage foreclosure, property sale and, if applicable, mortgage insurance claims processes; it can take 12 months or longer for a loan to migrate from initial delinquency to final disposition. This resolution process generally takes much longer for loans secured by real estate than for unsecured loans or loans secured by other property primarily due to state real estate foreclosure laws.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

We recorded the assets and liabilities of FNB Corporation as of February 28, 2008 at estimated fair value. We engaged several third party specialists to assist us in valuing certain financial assets and liabilities. The Company recorded approximately $60.7 million in unidentified goodwill associated with this transaction. Previously, legacy VFG recorded unidentified goodwill of $13.9 million in connection with the purchase of branches in the fall of 2003, resulting in an aggregate goodwill balance of $74.6 million.

For purposes of testing goodwill for impairment, the Company uses both the income and market approaches to value its reporting units. The income approach consists of discounting long-term projected future cash flows, which are derived from internal forecasts and economic expectations for the respective reporting units. We engaged a third party to test for impairment of our goodwill and intangible assets as of our annual assessment date, which is September 30. The projected future cash flows are discounted using cost of capital metrics for the Company's peer group or a build-up approach (such as the capital asset pricing model). The market approach applies a market multiple, based on observed purchase transactions and/or price/earnings of the Company's peer group for the reporting unit, to the last twelve months of net income or earnings before income taxes, depreciation and amortization or price/tangible book value.


We considered the sensitivity of business assumptions analysis embedded in the valuation, noting some potential exposure to goodwill impairment if the cost of capital assumption rises above 12.5% or acquisition multiples slip below 1.3X. Neither of these events were deemed probable in the short term.

Our stock price has historically traded above its book value and tangible book value and was trading at $20.67 on September 30, 2008, which was well above book value of $16.15 per share. At December 31, 2008 and for the week that followed, the Company stock traded at or slightly above book value. This trading level was higher than that of the median for its peer group for both periods. In the event our stock price were to trade below both its book value and tangible book value, we would perform our usual evaluation of the carrying value of goodwill as of the reporting date. Such a circumstance would be one factor in our evaluation that could result in an eventual goodwill impairment charge. Additionally, should our future earnings and cash flows decline and/or discount rates increase, an impairment charge to goodwill and other intangible assets may also be required.

We reviewed the report prepared by the third party as of September 30, 2008, considered the factors noted above that could lead to impairment between that date and December 31, 2008 and evaluated the trading level of our stock in relation to both its book value and tangible book value. Based on these inputs management concluded that no indications of impairment were present. Should we determine in a future period that the goodwill recorded in connection with our acquisitions has been impaired, then a charge to our earnings will be recorded in the period such determination is made.

Long-lived assets, including purchased intangible assets subject to amortization, such as our core deposit intangible asset, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. Management concluded that no circumstances indicating an impairment of these assets existed as of the balance sheet date.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

NET INTEREST INCOME

The primary source of the Company's traditional banking revenue is net interest income, which represents the difference between interest income on earning assets and interest expense on liabilities used to fund those assets. Earning assets include loans, securities, and federal funds sold. Interest bearing liabilities include deposits and borrowings. To compare the tax-exempt yields to taxable yields, amounts are adjusted to pretax equivalents based on a 35% federal corporate income tax rate.

Net interest income is affected by changes in interest rates, volume of interest bearing assets and liabilities, and the composition of those assets and liabilities. The "interest rate spread" and "net interest margin" are two common statistics related to changes in net interest income. The interest rate spread represents the difference between the yields earned on interest earning assets and the rates paid for interest bearing liabilities. The net interest margin is defined as the percentage of net interest income to average earning assets. Earning assets obtained through noninterest bearing sources of funds such as regular demand deposits and stockholders' equity result in a net interest margin that is higher than the interest rate spread.


2008 Compared to 2007

Tax equivalent net interest income in 2008 was $100.8 million, an increase of $40.8 million or 68.1% compared to $59.9 million in 2007. Average interest earning assets increased $1.3 billion or 66.7% to $2.50 billion, while average loans increased $909.4 million or 75.1% to $2.2 billion. All increases are primarily attributable to nonorganic growth from the merger of equals transaction consummated in early 2008. Margin for the year was positively impacted by the loan discount, CD premium and a borrowing premium associated with the VFG/FNB merger, all of which began amortizing during 2008. These premiums and discounts stem from adjusting assets and liabilities to their respective market values as part of the purchase adjustments associated with the merger. The effect of the purchase accounting items is an increase in net interest margin of approximately thirty basis points for 2008 with no effect on prior year margin.

The average interest rate spread was 3.63% in 2008, up nineteen basis points from 3.44% in 2007. The net interest margin was 4.03% in 2008, down five basis points from 4.08% in 2007. The decrease in the Company's net interest margin was a result of being in an asset sensitive position in a falling rate environment, coupled with the overlay of a lower core margin for FNB in 2008, contraction in average earning assets due to market conditions and deposit run-off caused by strong competition for deposits within local markets. The yield on average loans decreased sixty-six basis points in 2008, while the yield on investment securities increased eight basis points for the period. Interest expense as a percentage of average earning assets decreased to 2.31%, down fifty basis points from 2.81% in 2007, reflecting a fifty-seven basis point decrease in average cost of retail deposits to 2.57%, and an seventy-four basis point decrease in average total funding cost to 2.71%.

2007 Compared to 2006

Tax equivalent net interest income in 2007 was $59.9 million, a decrease of $2.2 million or 3.6% compared to $62.1 million in 2006. Increased funding costs associated with competition for deposits in local markets which resulted in heavier reliance on wholesale funding, a lower rate of growth in loans receivable and average earning assets combined with margin compression related to falling rates late in the year while slightly asset sensitive led to this decrease. Average interest earning assets increased $10.5 million or 0.7% to $1.47 billion, while average loans increased $22.3 million or 1.9% to $1.21 billion.

The average interest rate spread was 3.44% in 2007, down twenty-two basis points from 3.66% in 2006. The net interest margin was 4.08% in 2007, down seventeen basis points from 4.25% in 2006. The decrease in the Company's net interest margin was a result of being in a slightly asset sensitive position in a falling rate environment and the increased reliance on wholesale funding due to asset growth and deposit run-off caused by strong competition for deposits within local markets. The yield on average loans increased nineteen basis points in 2007, while the yield on investment securities increased six basis points for the period. Interest expense as a percentage of average earning assets increased to 2.81%, up thirty-eight basis points from 2.43% in 2006, reflecting a thirty-eight basis point increase in average cost of retail deposits to 3.14%, and an forty-two basis point increase in average total funding cost to 3.45%.


The following table presents net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis, interest rate spread and net interest margin for the years ending December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

                                                 2008                                    2007                                    2006
                                    Average        Income/    Average       Average        Income/    Average       Average       Income/    Average
Dollars in thousands                Balance        Expense     Rate         Balance        Expense     Rate         Balance       Expense     Rate
ASSETS
Loans receivable, net (1) (2)     $ 2,120,085     $ 140,097      6.61 %   $ 1,210,638     $  88,059      7.27 %   $ 1,188,388     $ 84,159      7.08 %
Investment securities
Taxable                               250,134        11,991      4.75 %       163,847         7,435      4.48 %       165,083        7,210      4.37 %
Tax exempt (2)                         87,849         5,517      6.18 %        94,034         5,732      6.01 %        85,020        5,247      6.17 %

Total investments                     337,983        17,508      5.12 %       257,881        13,167      5.04 %       250,103       12,457      4.98 %
Interest bearing deposits               1,469            25      1.67 %           481            18      3.69 %         2,681           74      2.76 %
Federal funds sold                     41,018           943      2.26 %         1,445            78      5.32 %        18,805          930      4.95 %

Total interest earning assets       2,500,555       158,573      6.34 %     1,470,445       101,322      6.89 %     1,459,977       97,620      6.69 %
Allowance for loan losses             (30,464 )                               (14,494 )                               (14,118 )
Total nonearning assets               308,030                                 127,231                                 124,919

Total assets                      $ 2,778,121                             $ 1,583,182                             $ 1,570,778

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
Interest-bearing deposits
Interest checking                 $   453,780     $   6,137      1.35 %   $   170,475     $   1,312      0.77 %   $   170,204     $    765      0.45 %
Money market                          195,061         3,488      1.78 %       147,295         3,649      2.48 %       170,892        3,734      2.19 %
Savings                               183,323         2,087      1.14 %        91,560           565      0.62 %       108,659          853      0.79 %
Time deposits:
Less than $100,000                    699,543        23,154      3.30 %       394,436        16,599      4.21 %       393,897       15,099      3.83 %
$100,000 and more                     326,407        13,073      3.99 %       201,432         9,426      4.68 %       189,353        8,045      4.25 %

Total interest-bearing deposits     1,858,114        47,939      2.57 %     1,005,198        31,551      3.14 %     1,033,005       28,496      2.76 %
Federal funds purchased &
repurchase agreements                   4,297            73      1.67 %        11,852           630      5.24 %         4,738          219      4.62 %
Federal Home Loan Bank advances       205,810         7,207      3.44 %        87,860         4,345      4.88 %        61,612        2,834      4.60 %
Subordinated debt                      30,861         1,959      6.25 %        20,619         1,684      8.06 %        20,619        1,636      7.93 %
Commercial paper                       24,371           635      2.56 %        71,545         3,141      4.33 %        50,530        2,275      4.50 %
Other borrowings                          343             8      2.29 %           772            39      4.98 %           363           22      6.06 %

Total interest-bearing
liabilities                         2,123,796        57,821      2.71 %     1,197,846        41,390      3.45 %     1,170,867       35,482      3.03 %
Demand deposits                       307,621                                 229,668                                 239,332
Other liabilities                      16,323                                   7,611                                  16,857

Total liabilities                   2,447,740                               1,427,514                               1,427,056
Stockholders' equity                  330,381                                 155,668                                 143,722

Total liabilities and
stockholders' equity              $ 2,778,121                             $ 1,583,182                             $ 1,570,778

Net interest income (tax
equivalent) (3)                                   $ 100,750                               $  59,932                               $ 62,138

Average interest rate spread                                     3.63 %                                  3.44 %                                 3.66 %

Interest expense as a percent
of average earning assets                                        2.31 %                                  2.81 %                                 2.43 %

Net interest margin                                              4.03 %                                  4.08 %                                 4.25 %

(1) Includes nonaccrual loans.

(2) Income and yields are reported on a taxable equivalent basis using a 35% tax rate.

(3) The tax equivalent interest adjustments included in the yields presented above were $2.3 million, $2.2 million, and $2.0 million for each of the three years ended December 31, 2008.


The next table analyzes the changes in net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis for the periods broken down by their rate and volume components. The change in interest due to both rate and volume has been allocated proportionately to change due to volume versus change due to rate.

                                                                   Years Ended December 31,
                                                     2008 vs. 2007                           2007 vs. 2006
                                              Increase (Decrease) Due to              Increase (Decrease) Due to
                                                      changes in:                             changes in:
(Dollars in thousands)                     Volume         Rate        Total         Volume        Rate        Total
Earning Assets:

Loans                                     $  60,675     $ (8,637 )   $ 52,038     $    1,617     $ 2,283     $  3,900
Securities, taxable                           4,180          466        4,646             44         181          225
Securities, tax-exempt                         (373 )        157         (216 )          624        (139 )        485
Interest-bearing bank deposits                   21          (14 )          7            (75 )        19          (56 )
Federal funds sold                              850          (76 )        774           (917 )        65         (852 )

Total Interest Earning Assets             $  65,353     $ (8,104 )   $ 57,249     $    1,293     $ 2,409     $  3,702


Interest Bearing Liabilities:

Time and savings deposits:
Interest checking                         $   3,324     $  1,501     $  4,825     $        1     $   546     $    547
Money market                                  1,041       (1,202 )       (161 )         (532 )       447          (85 )
Savings                                         828          694        1,522           (120 )      (168 )       (288 )
Time deposits
Less than $100,000                           10,750       (4,196 )      6,554              1       1,499        1,500
$100,000 and more                             5,202       (1,555 )      3,647            535         846        1,381

. . .
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