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PRM > SEC Filings for PRM > Form 10-K on 16-Mar-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for PRIMEDIA INC


16-Mar-2009

Annual Report


Item 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Introduction

The following discussion and analysis summarizes our financial condition and operating performance and should be read in conjunction with our historical consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Report.

Executive Summary

Our Business

We are an integrated media company that publishes and distributes advertising-supported print and online consumer guides primarily for the apartment and other rental property sectors of the residential real estate industry. Our print and online guides are provided free of charge to end users. In 2008, we distributed approximately 23 million of our print guides to approximately 51,000 U.S. locations through our proprietary distribution network, DistribuTech. Our principal digital assets include the websites associated with our print publications and Internet-only offerings, such as ApartmentGuide.com, Rentals.com, RentalHouses.com, NewHomeGuide.com and AmericanHomeGuide.com.


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

Fiscal 2008 Fourth Quarter Results

We had total revenue of $73.4 million, representing a $5.7 million year-over-year decrease, primarily due to a decrease in New Homes advertising revenue. Apartments, representing approximately 87% of fourth quarter advertising revenue, grew revenue 2.7% on a year-over-year basis, driven by increased customer count and apartment community listings.

Income from continuing operations increased $29.7 million to $34.7 million, or $0.78 per diluted common share, primarily due to the release of $29.3 million in deferred tax asset valuation allowance.

Net income increased $44.6 million to $32.0 million, or $0.72 per diluted common share, primarily due to the release of the deferred tax asset valuation allowance, partially offset by a $6.0 million charge for litigation-related losses.

2008 Summary Consolidated Results

In 2008, revenue was $304.1 million, down 3.4% as compared to $314.8 million in 2007. In 2008, costs and expenses were $282.1 million, down 30.0% compared to $403.2 million in 2007.

In 2008, income from continuing operations was $49.0 million, up from a loss of $55.7 million in 2007.

Net income was $59.5 million in 2008, including gain on sale of businesses, net of tax, of $2.0 million, compared to $491.4 million in 2007, including gain on sale of businesses, net of tax, of $459.1 million.

Business Trends and Outlook

During 2009, we intend to continue to grow our customer count and market share in our largest business, Apartment Guide, and pursue enhancements to our product portfolio and selective market and market segment expansion. We anticipate increasing our investment in search engine optimization and marketing. We also intend to aggressively grow our Rentals.com business by focusing on driving revenue growth and improving site engineering and performance, while increasing traffic, primarily through search engine optimization.

The residential real estate sales industry continues to suffer through an unprecedented collapse in demand and access to credit markets. As a result, we anticipate increasing pressure on our New Homes and DistribuTech businesses during 2009, with full year levels of percentage decline in revenue exceeding those experienced during the fourth quarter of 2008. We remain focused on managing costs for these businesses in accordance with anticipated levels of revenue and managing our client relationships to best position us for opportunities as macroeconomic conditions improve.

During 2008, we ceased publication of two New Home Guide Professional Editions. In early 2009, we announced that we were suspending additional print publications, while focusing on Internet offerings in related markets, as we continue to reduce our cost structure for this business to offset expected revenue losses.

We anticipate that DistribuTech will continue to be impacted by lower revenue from customers that publish free publications, particularly those within the resale home and automobile sales sectors, and are scaling back or ceasing operations or providing an Internet-only product. We intend to continue to reduce our cost structure for this business to offset, in part, expected revenue losses. Our overall goal is to create a more efficient distribution network by streamlining the expense structure, including through real estate consolidation and process automation, and optimizing the distribution footprint by eliminating less effective locations.

Transition Plan

We have relocated our corporate headquarters from New York to Norcross, Georgia. We continued to utilize certain of our New York-based functions through the first half of 2008 and to incur their associated costs.


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Index to Financial Statements

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Management's discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires the use of estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts. The significant accounting policies, outlined in Note 2, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," to the consolidated financial statements are integral to an understanding of management's discussion and analysis. The accounting policies and estimates that we believe are the most critical to an understanding of the results of operations and financial condition are those that require complex management judgment regarding matters that are highly uncertain at the time policies were applied and estimates were made. These accounting policies and estimates are discussed below. We base some of our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Additionally, GAAP allows or requires many assets and liabilities to be accounted for at fair value, which is defined to be the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP also requires that certain assets be assessed for impairment based on fair value. In cases where active markets do not exist, as discussed below, modeling or other techniques may be required to estimate fair value. Different estimates reasonably could have been used in the current period that would have had a material effect on these financial statements, and changes in these estimates are likely to occur from period to period in the future.

We have discussed the development and selection of these critical accounting policies and estimates with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, and the Audit Committee has reviewed our disclosures relating to them in this Management's Discussion and Analysis.

Goodwill Impairment Testing. Goodwill is deemed to have an indefinite life and is not amortized but is subject to an impairment test, at least annually. Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the net of the amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations. The value of goodwill is ultimately derived from an entity's ability to generate net earnings after the acquisition. A decline in net earnings could be indicative of a decline in the fair value of goodwill and result in impairment. For that reason, we test, at a reporting unit level, goodwill for impairment and have established October 31 as the annual impairment testing date. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment for which discrete financial information is available and reviewed regularly by management. Our assets and liabilities are assigned to reporting units to the extent that they are employed in or are considered a liability related to the operations of the reporting units and are considered in determining the fair value of the reporting units. We presently have only one reporting unit. The goodwill impairment test is conducted by calculating the fair value of the reporting unit, which begins with management's expectations of cash flows in the next five years plus an expected residual value. A discount factor, approximating our weighted-average cost of capital (13% for 2008 and 9.5% for 2007), is then applied to the forecasted cash flows to determine the present value. The resulting fair value is compared to the carrying value of the reporting unit. As long as the present value is greater, there is no impairment to goodwill. In the annual assessment for 2008, there was no indicated impairment to goodwill.

While we believe all assumptions utilized in our assessment of goodwill for impairment are reasonable and appropriate, changes in actual earnings, the growth rate of future earnings, the effective tax rate (38% for 2008 and 2007) and our weighted-average cost of capital could all cause different results for the calculation of the present value of future cash flows. In management's estimation, most sensitive of these assumptions is cash flows from future earnings. Based on the 2008 assessment for impairment, a 20% decline in the amount of forecasted cash flows from future earnings would not result in an indicated goodwill impairment.

Long-Lived Assets. We review our long-lived assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate assets might be impaired. Those events and circumstances include, but are not limited to, a significant change in the extent to which an asset is utilized (e.g., when a decision is made to dispose of an asset and certain other


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Index to Financial Statements

criteria are met), a significant decrease in the market price of an asset and a significant adverse change in the business climate that could affect the value of an asset, and operating or cash flow losses associated with the use of an asset. When such a review is conducted, we use an estimate of undiscounted cash flows, which are derived from our historical experience and long-term business plans, over the remaining lives of the assets to measure recoverability. If the estimated cash flows are less than the carrying value of an asset, the loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds fair value.

Valuation Allowances for Deferred Tax Assets. Deferred tax assets and liabilities arise from temporary differences (i.e., amounts that are recognized as income or deducted as expenses at different times for GAAP and tax purposes). Deferred tax assets also arise from benefits recorded from NOLs (i.e., amounts representing losses for tax purposes that may be utilized in future years to offset taxable income). A net deferred tax asset must be reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not (a likelihood of more than 50%) that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The valuation allowance must be sufficient to reduce the net deferred tax asset to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Changes in the valuation allowance are recorded as increases or decreases in income tax expense. Future realization of the tax benefit of an existing deductible temporary difference or carryforward ultimately depends on the existence of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character (e.g., ordinary income or capital gain) within the carryback or carryforward period available under the tax law. There are four possible sources of taxable income that may be available under the tax law to realize a tax benefit for deductible temporary differences and carryforwards:

• Future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences;

• Future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards;

• Taxable income in prior carryback year(s) if carryback is permitted under the tax law; and

• Tax-planning strategies that would, if necessary, be implemented to, for example:

† Accelerate taxable amounts to utilize expiring carryforwards; or

† Change the character of taxable or deductible amounts from ordinary income or loss to capital gain or loss.

Evidence available about each of those possible sources of taxable income will vary for different tax jurisdictions and, possibly, from year to year. To the extent evidence about one or more sources of taxable income is sufficient to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not necessary, other sources need not be considered. Consideration of each source is required, however, to determine the amount of the valuation allowance that is recognized for deferred tax assets. After consideration of the available evidence, a valuation allowance, if warranted, is established to reduce the deferred tax asset to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Interpretation No. 48 ("FIN 48"), Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. This interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise's financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 requires that, in order to be recognized, tax benefits must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The amount recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. In evaluating the ability to realize deferred tax assets, including NOLs, and any need for a valuation allowance, it is necessary to first consider the recognition threshold for uncertain tax positions and reduce the deferred tax assets by any required FIN 48 reserve.

As of December 31, 2008, we had aggregate federal NOLs of approximately $454.3 million, which are available to reduce future taxable income, and the substantial majority expire between 2020 and 2024. In addition, we have significant state and local NOLs in various jurisdictions in which we and/or our subsidiaries file income tax returns. These state and local NOLs expire over various periods based on applicable state and local regulations.


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Index to Financial Statements

The federal, state and local NOLs are the single largest component of our net deferred tax asset. Additionally, since amortization of tax-deductible goodwill and trademarks ceased for GAAP purposes on January 1, 2002, we expect that deferred tax liabilities will arise each quarter because the taxable temporary differences related to the amortization of these assets are not expected to reverse prior to the expiration period of our deductible temporary differences unless the related assets are sold or an impairment of the assets is recorded. Consequently, we may record a valuation allowance in excess of our net deferred tax assets to the extent the difference between the book and tax basis of indefinite-lived intangible assets is not expected to reverse during the NOL period.

Based on the weight of objectively verifiable available positive and negative evidence, at December 31, 2008, we recorded a partial reversal of our valuation allowance against our net deferred tax asset of $29.3 million because we believe it is more likely than not that this portion of the deferred tax asset will be realized. We will need to generate approximately $84.0 million in pre-tax income for financial reporting purposes to realize this asset.

Elements of positive evidence included:

• remaining lives of the NOLs;

• historical income when results are normalized to remove the impact of discontinued operations and to reflect the completion of the Company's relocation from New York to Norcross; and

• forecasted income, utilizing the same forecast as for goodwill impairment testing in future periods.

Elements of negative evidence included:

• historical losses and

• uncertainty as to the timing and exact amount of future earnings as a result of current economic conditions, the U.S. residential real estate industry, as well as the uncertainty of the effectiveness of the steps we have taken, and will take, to mitigate the adverse impact on our businesses.

Our assessment in 2008 is different than it was in 2007, primarily due to the completion of the relocation of the Company from New York to Norcross, resulting in a significantly reduced cost structure, and almost a full year of operations of the Consumer Guides business supporting the entire PRIMEDIA cost structure, while maintaining profitability without the impact of divested entities.

Stock-Based Compensation. Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the provisions of, and account for stock-based compensation in accordance with, SFAS No. 123(R). Under the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period.


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Index to Financial Statements

The most commonly granted form of stock-based compensation has been stock options. The fair value of stock options is determined using an option-pricing model that takes into account certain assumptions, including the exercise price, which is the stock price at the grant date, the expected life of the grant, the volatility of the underlying stock, the expected dividends on the stock and the risk-free interest rate over the expected life of the grant. The fair value of a stock option estimated at the grant date is not subsequently adjusted for changes in the price of the underlying stock or its volatility, the life of the grant, dividends on the stock or the risk-free interest rate. Generally, changes in the assumptions will have the following impact on the fair value of stock option awards:

                        Assumption              Impact on Fair Value

              Exercise price:

              Increased price                   Lower fair value

              Decreased price                   Higher fair value

              Expected life of grant:

              Increased life                    Higher fair value

              Decreased life                    Lower fair value

              Volatility of underlying stock:

              Increased volatility              Higher fair value

              Decreased volatility              Lower fair value

              Expected dividends:

              Higher dividends                  Lower fair value

              Lower dividends                   Higher fair value

              Risk-free interest rate:

              Higher rate                       Lower fair value

              Lower rate                        Higher fair value

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts represents our estimate of losses in our accounts receivable resulting from our customers' failure to make required payments. We continually monitor collections from customers and the age of outstanding balances. Each of our business units provides for estimated credit losses based on historical analysis of the propensity of their customer base to make required payments. We aggressively pursue collection efforts on overdue accounts and, upon collection of any amounts previously written off, reverse the write-off. If future payments by our customers were to differ from our estimates, we may need to increase or decrease our allowance for doubtful accounts.

Provision for Restructuring Costs. Reserves for restructuring costs are estimated costs resulting from our plans and actions to integrate the Company and consolidate certain back office functions. Examples include employee-related termination costs and the cost of the termination of real estate leases, net of anticipated sublease income, if applicable, and the related write-off of leasehold improvements. If the future payments of these costs or amounts of sublease income were to differ from our estimates, we may need to increase or decrease our reserves.

Divestiture Reserves. Reserves for estimated obligations relating to divestitures may arise as a result of the sale of certain titles or business units. These reserves are established for such items that we remain liable for after the sale is completed and are recorded at the time of the divestiture as part of the gain or loss on the sale of the divested asset or business. Examples include stay bonuses for key personnel, severance, taxes and working capital adjustments. If the future payments for such items differ from its estimates, there could be a change in the determination of the gain or loss on sale.


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Index to Financial Statements

Results of Operations

2008 Compared to 2007

Consolidated Results

Revenue, Net




                               For the Years Ended        $ Change           % Change
                                  December 31,           Favorable/         Favorable/
 Revenue Component              2008         2007       (Unfavorable)      (Unfavorable)
                                               (Dollars in thousands)
 Apartments                  $   211,367   $ 206,424   $         4,943               2.4 %
 New Homes                        39,337      50,740           (11,403 )           (22.5 )

 Total advertising revenue       250,704     257,164            (6,460 )            (2.5 )
 Distribution                     53,401      57,636            (4,235 )            (7.3 )

 Total revenue, net          $   304,105   $ 314,800   $       (10,695 )            (3.4 )%

Apartments

Apartment Guide, ApartmentGuide.com and Rentals.com, representing approximately 84.3% of advertising revenue during the year ended December 31, 2008, increased 2.4% compared to the same period in 2007. The increase in revenue was primarily due to a 3.3% increase in Apartment Guide communities served, partially offset by a 0.7% decrease in revenue per community. The increase in apartment communities served and the decrease in revenue per community were both a result of special customer incentives and promotional offerings designed to attract additional apartment communities. Apartment Guide also benefited from the opening of the Greenville, South Carolina Apartment Guide in March 2008, which contributed approximately $0.5 million in revenue in 2008.

Approximately 17% of the 2008 revenue from Apartment Guide was derived from markets that had high occupancy rates, which we consider to be 95% or higher. This compares to 28% in 2007. As of December 31, 2008, occupancy rates in Apartment Guide markets ranged from 85% to 97%, with an average of 93.0% in 2008, compared to 93.6% in 2007, and with the majority of markets experiencing occupancy levels between 90% and 95%. As occupancy rates increase beyond 95%, apartment communities tend to reduce their advertising spend because they require fewer prospective tenants. As occupancy rates fall below 90%, apartment communities tend to cut back on spending, including advertising. For these reasons, occupancy rates in excess of 95% or below 90% ordinarily result in a decrease in our advertising income.

New Homes

The New Homes businesses, representing approximately 15.7% of advertising revenue during the year ended December 31, 2008, decreased 22.5% compared to the same period in 2007. The decrease in revenue was primarily due to a 19.4% decrease in new home communities served and a 4.0% decrease in revenue per community served. These resulted from a decline in standard advertising spending of 19% and a decline in premium advertising spending of 32% by new home builders, driven by continued weakness in the new home sales sector.

The difficult conditions for new home builders caused pressure throughout 2008, as the challenging mortgage environment and declining home prices worsened. In response to this environment, we suspended publication of our Atlanta Professional Home Guide in January 2008 and our Charlotte Professional Home Guide in December 2008.


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Index to Financial Statements

Distribution Revenue

Distribution revenue, which relates to our distribution arm, DistribuTech, decreased by 7.3% during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007. There was a 0.9% increase in the number of pockets sold in our display racks; however, this growth was more than offset by an 8.2% decrease in the average revenue per pocket due to softness in demand. Our distribution revenue continues to be adversely impacted by the loss of business, particularly business from publishers within the resale home and automobile sales sectors scaling back or ceasing operations or providing an Internet-only product.

Costs and Expenses



                                            For the Years Ended
                                               December 31,              $ Change           % Change
                                                                       (Favorable)/       (Favorable)/
Costs and Expenses                          2008           2007        Unfavorable        Unfavorable
                                                            (Dollars in thousands)
Cost of goods sold (exclusive of
depreciation and amortization of
property and equipment)                  $   32,420      $  34,655    $       (2,235 )            (6.4 )%
Marketing and selling                        75,722         81,064            (5,342 )            (6.6 )
Distribution and circulation                 85,218         83,561             1,657               2.0
General and administrative expenses          48,700         57,747            (9,047 )           (15.7 )
Depreciation and amortization of
property and equipment                       14,475         12,612             1,863              14.8
Amortization of intangible assets             2,870          3,492              (622 )           (17.8 )
Provision for restructuring costs             5,238         10,496            (5,258 )           (50.1 )
Interest expense                             19,338         77,660           (58,322 )           (75.1 )
Amortization of deferred financing
costs                                           922          1,743              (821 )           (47.1 )
Other (income) loss, net                     (2,821 )       40,176           (42,997 )          (107.0 )

Total cost and expenses                  $  282,082      $ 403,206    $     (121,124 )           (30.0 )%

The decrease in cost of goods sold was due to the reformatting of our printed guides, including reductions in both paper size and weight, as well as distribution optimization, partially offset by the increased cost of paper.

The decrease in marketing and selling expenses was primarily due to a reduction of approximately 60 employees compared to the prior year, resulting in a $4.0 million reduction in expense. In addition, other marketing-related activities declined $1.2 million.

General and administrative expenses declined, primarily due to decreases in . . .

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