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TYPE > SEC Filings for TYPE > Form 10-K on 13-Mar-2009All Recent SEC Filings

Show all filings for MONOTYPE IMAGING HOLDINGS INC. | Request a Trial to NEW EDGAR Online Pro

Form 10-K for MONOTYPE IMAGING HOLDINGS INC.


13-Mar-2009

Annual Report


Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes to those statements, appearing elsewhere in this report. This report contains forward-looking statements reflecting our current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements of our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions. The cautionary statements made in this report should be read as applying to all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this report. Our actual results may differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those discussed in Item 1A, Risk Factors and elsewhere in this report.

Overview

We are a leading global provider of text imaging solutions. Our technologies and fonts enable the display and printing of high quality digital text. Our software technologies have been widely deployed across, and embedded in, a range of CE devices, including laser printers, digital copiers, mobile phones, digital televisions, set-top boxes, navigation devices and digital cameras, as well as in numerous software applications and operating systems. In the laser printer market, we have worked together with industry leaders for over 17 years to provide critical components embedded in printing standards. Our scaling, compression, text layout, printer driver and color technologies solve critical text imaging issues for CE device manufacturers by rendering high quality text on low resolution and memory constrained CE devices. We combine these proprietary technologies with access to more than 10,000 typefaces from a library of some of the most widely used designs in the world, including popular names such as Helvetica and Times New Roman. We also license our typefaces to creative and business professionals through custom font design services, direct sales and our e-commerce websites fonts.com, itcfonts.com, linotype.com, faces.co.uk and fontexplorerx.com, which attracted more than 25 million visits in 2008 from over 200 countries and territories.

During November 2008, we announced a restructuring plan. The plan was to reduce headcount in certain areas and redeploy certain other employees within the Company in order to focus on key initiatives across the business. The small headcount reduction will be offset by the hiring of a few key additional employees whose technical expertise is better aligned with our key initiatives.

Sources of Revenue

We derive revenue from two principal sources: licensing our text imaging solutions to CE device manufacturers and independent software vendors, which we refer to as our OEM revenue, and licensing our fonts to creative and business professionals, which we refer to as our creative professional revenue. We derive our OEM revenue primarily from CE device manufacturers. We derive our creative professional revenue primarily from multinational corporations, graphic designers, advertisers, printers and publishers. Historically, we have experienced, and we expect to continue to have, lower revenue in the first quarter of the year due to the timing of some contractual payments of licensing fees from our OEM customers. In prior years we have experienced, and we may in the future have, seasonal slowness in the third quarter of the year from our creative professional customers.


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Our customers are located in the United States, Asia, Europe and throughout the rest of the world, and our operating subsidiaries are located in the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, Germany and Hong Kong. We are dependent on international sales by our foreign operating subsidiaries for a substantial amount of our total revenue. Revenue from our Asian subsidiaries is generally from Asian customers and revenue from our other subsidiaries is from customers in a number of different countries, including the United States. We attribute revenue to geographic areas based on the location of our subsidiary receiving such revenue. For example, licenses may be sold to large international companies which may be headquartered in Asia for instance, but the sales are received and recorded by our subsidiary located in the United States. In this example, the revenue would be reflected in the United States totals in the table below.

                            2008                       2007                      2006
                     Sales     % of Total       Sales     % of Total      Sales     % of Total
                                       (In thousands of dollars, except %)
  United States    $  35,975         32.5 %   $  32,873         31.3 %   $ 37,050         43.0 %
  Asia                42,658         38.5        40,823         38.8       33,732         39.1
  United Kingdom      12,905         11.6        12,171         11.6        8,653         10.0
  Germany             19,323         17.4        19,285         18.3        6,769          7.9

  Total            $ 110,861        100.0 %   $ 105,152        100.0 %   $ 86,204        100.0 %

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, sales by our subsidiaries located outside North America comprised 67.5%, 68.7% and 57.0%, respectively, of our total revenue. We expect that sales by our international subsidiaries will continue to represent a substantial portion of our revenue for the foreseeable future. Future international revenue will depend on the continued use and expansion of our text imaging solutions worldwide.

We derive a majority of our revenue from a limited number of customers, in particular manufacturers of laser printers and mobile phones. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, our top ten licensees by revenue accounted for approximately 46.3%, 46.6% and 53.0% of our total revenue, respectively. No one customer accounted for more than 10% of our total revenue in 2008, 2007 and 2006.

OEM Revenue

Our OEM revenue is derived substantially from per-unit royalties. Under our licensing arrangements we typically receive a royalty for each product unit incorporating our text imaging solutions that is shipped by our OEM customers. We also receive OEM revenue from fixed fee licenses with certain of our OEM customers. Fixed fee licensing arrangements are not based on units the customer ships, but instead, customers pay us on a periodic basis for use of our text imaging solutions. Although significantly less than royalties from per-unit shipments and fixed fees from OEM customers, we also receive revenue from software application and operating systems vendors, who include our text imaging solutions in their products, and for font development. Many of our per-unit royalty licenses continue for the duration that our OEM customers ship products that include our technology, unless terminated for breach. Other licenses have terms that typically range from three to five years, and usually provide for automatic or optional renewals. We recognize revenue from per-unit royalties in the period during which we receive a royalty report from a customer, typically one quarter after royalty-bearing units are shipped. Revenue from fixed fee licenses is generally recognized when it is billed to the customer, so long as the product has been delivered, the license fee is fixed and non-refundable and collection is probable.

Creative Professional Revenue

Our creative professional revenue is derived from font licenses and from custom font design services. We license fonts directly to end-users through our e-commerce websites, via telephone, email and indirectly through third-party resellers. We also license fonts and provide custom font design services to graphic designers, advertising agencies and corporations.


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Revenue from font licenses to our e-commerce customers is recognized upon payment by the customer and electronic shipment of the software embodying the font. Revenue from font licenses to other customers is recognized upon shipment of the software embodying the font. Revenue from resellers is recognized upon notification from the reseller that our font product has been licensed. We generally recognize custom font design services revenue upon delivery.

Cost of Revenue

Our cost of revenue consists of font license fees that we pay on certain fonts that are owned by third parties, allocated internal engineering expense and overhead costs directly related to custom design services. License fees that we pay to third parties are typically based on a percentage of our OEM and creative professional revenue and do not involve minimum fees. Our cost of OEM revenue is typically lower than our cost of creative professional revenue because we own a higher percentage of the fonts licensed to our OEM customers, provide value-added technology and have negotiated lower royalty rates on the fonts we license from third parties because of volume. The cost of our custom design service revenue is substantially higher than the cost of our other revenue and, as a result, our gross margin varies from period to period depending on the level of custom design revenue recorded.

Cost of revenue also includes amortization of acquired technology, which we amortize over 12 to 15 years. For purposes of amortizing acquired technology we estimate the remaining useful life of the technology based upon various considerations, including our knowledge of the technology and the way our customers use it. We use the straight-line method to amortize our acquired technology. There is no reliable evidence to suggest that we should expect any other pattern of amortization than an even pattern, and we believe this best reflects the expected pattern of economic usage.

Marketing and Selling

Our marketing and selling expense consists of salaries, bonuses, commissions and benefits related to our marketing and selling personnel, business travel expenses, advertising and trade show expenses, web-related expenses, allocated facilities costs and other overhead expenses. Sales commission expense varies as a function of revenue and goal achievement from period-to-period. During 2008, there was a shift in headcount from development related activities to primarily focus on presale customer support and commercial web site development. Together with annual salary increases and increased share based compensation expense, this resulted in increased personnel costs in 2008, as compared to 2007. We anticipate that our marketing and selling expense will increase in 2009 as a result of a full year of expenses associated with this headcount shift.

Research and Development

Our research and development expense consists of salaries, bonuses and benefits related to our research and development, engineering, font design and integration support personnel and their business travel expenses, license fees related to certain of our technology licenses, expenses for contracted services and allocated facilities costs and other overhead expenses. Our research and development expense in a given period may be reduced to the extent that internal engineering resources are allocated to cost of revenue for custom design services.

Our research and development is primarily focused on enhancing the functionality of our text imaging solutions and developing new products. From time to time we license third-party font technology in connection with new technology development projects that are part of our research and development efforts. Our research and development costs are expensed as incurred. During 2008, there was a shift in headcount from development related activities to primarily focus on presale customer support and commercial web site development, resulting in a decrease in research and development expenses as compared to 2007; however, increased annual salaries and increases in other personnel related expenses


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offset the majority of the decrease. A significant portion of the research and development share based compensation expense is associated with a consultant, who was granted restricted stock in connection with the acquisition of China Type Design. The restricted stock for this consultant is subject to variable accounting.

General and Administrative

Our general and administrative expense consists of salaries, bonuses and benefits related to our general and administrative personnel, accounting, legal and other professional fees, allocated facilities costs and other overhead expenses and insurance costs.

In 2008, our general and administrative expenses were significantly higher than in 2007, primarily a result of expenses relating to a secondary offering of our common stock in June 2008 and increased Sarbanes Oxley expenses.

Restructuring

On November 10, 2008, the Company announced a restructuring plan. Under the restructuring plan, the Company reduced headcount in certain areas and redeployed certain other employees within the Company in order to focus on key initiatives across the business. The small headcount reduction will be offset by the hiring of a few key additional employees whose technical expertise is better aligned with our key initiatives. We do not anticipate an overall change in headcount. As of December 31, 2008, we recorded $0.7 million of restructuring costs for severance and termination benefits, which is included in our operating expenses. The restructuring plan was completed at December 31, 2008, other than making deferred cash payments to certain terminated employees. Future cash expenditures related to this plan are expected to be approximately $0.4 million, net of tax savings.

Amortization of Intangible Assets

We amortize intangible assets acquired as follows:

• Customer relationships-10 to 15 years; and

• Non-compete agreements-4 to 6 years.

For purposes of amortization, we estimate the life of customer relationships based upon various considerations, including our knowledge of the industry and the marketplace in which we operate. We amortize non-compete agreements over the stated life of the agreement. We use the straight-line method to amortize our intangible assets. There is no reliable evidence to suggest that we should expect any other pattern of amortization than an even pattern, and we believe this best reflects the expected pattern of economic usage.

Acquisitions

On August 1, 2006, we completed the acquisition of the capital stock of Linotype. We also acquired certain fonts and other intellectual property assets from the seller of the Linotype capital stock. The total purchase price for Linotype and the related intellectual property was approximately $59.7 million in cash, which included the related acquisition costs of approximately $0.7 million. The purchase price was financed with proceeds from the term loans under our credit facilities. Linotype's results of operations have been included in our consolidated financial statements since the date of acquisition and all inter-company balances have been eliminated.

On July 28, 2006, we acquired 80.01% of the capital stock of China Type Design for approximately $4.1 million in cash and three promissory notes in the aggregate amount of $0.6 million that converted into a total of 415,903 shares of our common stock in connection with our initial public offering. Prior to


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their conversion, the notes accrued interest at 3.9% per annum and the principal and accrued interest converted into our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share. At the time of this acquisition, we already had a 19.99% ownership interest in China Type Design, and following the acquisition, it became our wholly-owned subsidiary. The results of operations of China Type Design have been included in our consolidated financial statements since the date of acquisition and all inter-company balances have been eliminated. Prior to the acquisition, we did not have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies of China Type Design, and accordingly, the results of its operations were accounted for using the cost method of accounting.

We accounted for the acquisitions of Linotype and China Type Design using the purchase method of accounting in accordance with Statements of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 141, Business Combinations.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP and our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations requires us to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Additional information about our critical accounting policies may be found in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue in accordance with Statement of Position, Software Revenue Recognition, or SOP 97-2, as modified by SOP 98-9, Modifications of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, with Respect to Certain Transactions. Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an agreement exists, the product has been delivered or services have been provided, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection of the fee is probable.

Sales Taxes

We record revenue net of sales taxes. Sales taxes are collected and remitted to tax authorities as required, typically on a monthly or quarterly basis. Prior to 2008, Japanese consumption taxes were remitted on an annual basis. As a result, accrued sales tax in years prior to 2008 consisted principally of Japanese consumption tax. Further information can be found in Note 6 to our consolidated financial statements included in this report under Item 8.

Goodwill, Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets and Long-lived Assets

We assess the impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets exceeds their fair value. With respect to both goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, factors that could trigger an impairment review include significant negative industry or economic trends, exiting an activity in conjunction with a restructuring of operations, or current, historical or projected losses that demonstrate continuing losses associated with an asset. Impairment evaluations involve management estimates of useful lives and future cash flows, including assumptions about future conditions such as future revenue, operating expenses, the fair values of certain assets based on appraisals and industry trends. Actual useful lives and cash flows could be different from those estimated by our management. If this resulted in an impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, it could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.


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In light of the deteriorating macro-economic environment, declines in the stock market and the decline of the Company's market capitalization, we may be required to perform interim goodwill impairment analyses in the future. Our stock price has continued to decline subsequent to December 31, 2008 and has reached a level at which, if sustained, or if it deteriorates further, may require us to perform goodwill impairment analysis. This analysis may determine that our goodwill is impaired in whole, in part, or not at all. In the event that the Company determines that its goodwill is impaired in whole, or in part, the Company will record a non-cash charge, which could be material. At this time, the Company cannot determine if an impairment charge is probable and cannot reasonably estimate the amount, if any, of potential impairment charges. If an impairment of goodwill is recognized, an analysis of impairment of our other long-lived assets would be required pursuant to SFAS 144. In the event that the Company determines that these assets are impaired, the Company will record a non-cash charge, which could be material. If we record a material impairment charge on our goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles or our long-lived assets, it could result in non-compliance with our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.

Share Based Compensation

Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share Based Payment, or SFAS 123R, using the prospective method. SFAS 123R requires that all share based payments to employees, including grants of stock options and restricted stock, be recognized in the statements of operations based on their fair values at the grant dates. We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options granted to employees. In accordance with SFAS 123R, we recognized the fair value of employees share based awards granted or modified on or after January 1, 2006 using the straight line method over the vesting period of the award.

Prior to our initial public offering, or IPO, on July 25, 2007 there was no public market for our common stock, and, in connection with our issuance of stock options, our board of directors, with the assistance of management, had the ultimate responsibility for determining the value of our common stock. In the absence of a public market for our common stock, the board of directors considered objective and subjective factors in determining the fair value of our common stock, including the liquidation preferences, redemption rights and conversion rights of our then-outstanding convertible preferred stock and the likelihood and timing of achieving a liquidity event such as an initial public offering or sale of the Company.

Prior to March 31, 2006, we granted our employees options to purchase common stock at exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the underlying stock at the time of each grant, as determined by our compensation committee.

In valuing the common stock our compensation committee considered a number of factors, including:

• the illiquidity of our capital stock as a private company;

• the business risks we faced;

• the liquidation preferences, redemption rights and other rights, preferences and privileges of our outstanding preferred stock;

• the outstanding balances on our credit facilities; and

• our actual financial condition and results of operations relative to our formal operating plan during the relevant period.

Effective March 31, 2006, the compensation committee determined to follow the procedures recommended in the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Technical Practice Aid, Valuation of Privately-Held Company Equity Securities Issued as Compensation, or the Practice Aid. This approach requires an assessment of future prospects, based on the value of the business using a series of potential outcomes and weighing the probability of each of those outcomes. Management prepared three scenarios,


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a base case, an optimistic case and a pessimistic case. The possibility of an initial public offering was also considered. The compensation committee reviewed a market comparison of our business with a number of publicly traded firms to test the reasonableness of the overall analysis. The compensation committee reviewed the methodology, the resulting valuation and changed the probabilities of the outcomes that were initially applied as well as the weight given to those probabilities to more accurately reflect the changes in the business.

At the date of each option grant, our board of directors determined that the exercise price for each option was equivalent to the then-existing fair value of our common stock. Our board of directors believes it properly valued our common stock in all periods.

Since our IPO, we have valued awards granted based on the grant date closing price of our common stock as traded on the NASDAQ Global Market or the NASDAQ Global Select Market, as applicable. Refer to Note 2 of our consolidated financial statements, for a discussion on our Black-Scholes valuation assumptions under SFAS 123R. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded total share based compensation expense of $3.6 million, which includes a credit of approximately $0.1 million associated with the China Type Design restricted shares. During the year ended December 31, 2007, we recorded total share based compensation expense of $4.3 million, of which $2.6 million is associated with the China Type Design restricted shares. During the year ended December 31, 2006, we recorded total share based compensation expense of $0.4 million. In connection with our initial public offering, three promissory notes issued in connection with the acquisition of China Type Design were converted into 415,903 shares of restricted common stock. These shares vest over a four year period that commenced upon the issuance of the notes in July 2006. As of December 31, 2008, the Company had $10.5 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to employees and directors unvested stock option awards and restricted share awards that are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.9 years.

Pension Plan

We account for our defined benefit pension plan in accordance with SFAS No. 158, Employers' Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plan. Our unfunded defined benefit pension plan was acquired in connection with our acquisition of Linotype on August 1, 2006. The plan covers substantially all employees of our Linotype subsidiary who joined Linotype prior to April 1, 2006, at which time the pension plan was closed to new participants. Benefits under this plan are based on the employees' years of service and compensation. We fund the plan sufficiently to meet current benefits only. There are no assets associated with the plan. In 2008 and 2007 we paid $67 thousand and $55 thousand, respectively, to the plan. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, our unfunded position was $2.9 million and $3.2 million, respectively. A significant portion of the pension benefit obligation is determined based on the rate of future compensation increases. Given the fact that the pension plan is unfunded, changes in economic and market conditions may require us to increase cash contributions in future years.

Provision for Income Taxes

We provide for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, or SFAS 109. Under this method, a deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the difference between the financial statement and the tax basis of assets and liabilities, as measured by enacted tax rates in effect when these differences are expected to be reversed. This process includes estimating current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and financial accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. We also assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent we believe recovery to be unlikely, we . . .

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