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| HHGP > SEC Filings for HHGP > Form 10-K on 3-Mar-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
3-Mar-2009
Annual Report
This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto, included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. This MD&A contains forward-looking statements. Please see note "Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" for a discussion of the uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements. This MD&A also uses the non-GAAP measure of income (loss) from continuing operations before inclusion of provision for income taxes, other income (expense), interest income (expense), and depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"). See Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for EBITDA segment reconciliation information.
Executive Overview
Hudson Highland Group, Inc. (the "Company" or "Hudson," "we," "us" and "our") has operated as an independent publicly traded company since April 1, 2003, when we were spun-off from Monster Worldwide, Inc. ("Monster"). Our businesses are specialized professional staffing services for permanent and contract and talent management services to businesses operating in many industries and in over 20 countries around the world. Our largest operations are in the U.S., the U.K. and Australia. We are organized into three reportable segments of Hudson Americas, Hudson Europe and Hudson Asia Pacific. These segments contributed approximately 16%, 47% and 37% of the Company's gross margin, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2008. Our management's primary focus since the spin-off has been to move the Company to profitability, particularly at the level most in the control of the country level operating leaders. We have focused on specialized professional recruitment through out staffing, project solutions and talent management businesses. In doing so we have sold or discontinued non-core businesses, taken actions to streamline support operations to match the business focus and reduced costs to increase the Company's long-term profitability. We have measured our improvements at the level of gross margin, less selling, general and administrative expenses, less depreciation and amortization.
Financial Performance
As discussed in more detail in this MD&A, the following financial data present
an overview of our financial performance for 2008, 2007 and 2006:
Changes Changes
(2008 vs (2007 vs
Year Ended December 31, 2007) 2006)
2008 2007 2006 $ Amount $ Amount
Revenue $ 1,080,231 $ 1,173,053 $ 1,153,468 $ (92,822 ) $ 19,585
Gross margin 464,132 505,873 457,856 (41,741 ) 48,017
Selling, general and
administrative expenses 458,780 485,634 455,427 (26,854 ) 30,207
Business reorganization expenses 11,588 4,362 6,016 7,226 (1,654 )
Merger and integration expenses
(recoveries) 38 (787 ) 362 825 (1,149 )
Goodwill and other impairment
charges 67,087 - 1,300 67,087 (1,300 )
Operating (loss) income (73,361 ) 16,664 (5,249 ) (90,025 ) 21,913
(Loss) income from continuing
operations (77,411 ) 3,892 (8,815 ) (81,303 ) 12,707
Net (loss) income $ (74,318 ) $ 14,981 $ 20,428 $ (89,299 ) $ (5,447 )
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Recent Economic Events
During 2008, significant instability in the financial services markets negatively impacted worldwide economies. The issues in the financial services markets that originated in the sub-prime mortgage market in 2007 evolved into a constriction of credit and finally a widespread reduction of business liquidity. At the same time, the economic slowdown that had been evident primarily with our clients in the financial services sector in the
U.S. and the U.K. accelerated in the second half of 2008 and spread rapidly to other industries and countries, including Asia. With approximately 84% of our gross margin earned outside of the U.S., we are heavily exposed to the economic downturn in our major international markets. By the fourth quarter of 2008, virtually all of our markets showed declines in their gross domestic product. The U.S. dollar strengthened against all of our major non-U.S. currencies which reduced the dollar-denominated value of our foreign earnings and cash flow from our foreign sales. Consequently, financial results for 2008 were below the results of the prior year in all regions: Asia Pacific, Europe, and North America. The Company experienced reduced demand in both contract and permanent recruitment from prior year levels, with the largest percentage decline from the permanent recruitment business.
The Company expects weak global economic conditions to persist throughout 2009, resulting in a further reduction in demand for its services. The Company also expects the stronger U.S. dollar to persist in 2009, at least against some of its major non-U.S. currencies, which reduces reported earnings of foreign subsidiaries. This situation reduces the value in U.S. dollar of dividends paid by its foreign subsidiaries to the U.S. parent corporation and increases the cost of management fees. Such dividends and management fees are a significant source of funding of the U.S. parent entity.
In response to the spreading economic slowdown, the Company took steps in 2008 to counteract the declines in its gross margin. We initiated the 2008 restructuring program, which included a reduction in support functions, exits from underutilized properties and the elimination of certain support services under contract. The Company expects these actions to produce further cost savings in 2009 and improve its long-term profitability.
Goodwill and Other Impairment Charges
Under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 142 "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets" ("SFAS No. 142"), the Company is required to test goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis as of October 1, or more frequently if circumstances indicate that its carrying value might exceed its current fair value.
As a result of the deterioration in market conditions over the course of the fourth quarter, the Company's stock price declined approximately fifty percent as of December 31, 2008 as compared to the stock price as of October 1, 2008. This caused the Company's market capitalization to decline below its book value, an indication that the aggregate fair value of its reporting units could potentially be less than their carrying value. As a result of these events, management updated its impairment testing from October 1, through December 31, 2008.
At the conclusion of its testing, the Company determined that goodwill was impaired at all of its reporting units and recorded an impairment charge of $64.5 million. In connection with its testing management also determined that certain intangible and other long-term assets were impaired and recorded an additional impairment charge of $2.6 million. The results for the year ended December 31, 2006 included an impairment charge of $1.3 million related to goodwill associated with the Alder Novo acquisition. The total charges of $67.1 million for 2008 and $1.3 million for 2006 have been recorded under the caption of "Goodwill and other impairment charges" in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Strategic Actions
Our strategy, since our inception, has been focused on building our specialized professional recruitment through our staffing, project solutions and talent management businesses. We believe that this core mix has growth potential for the next decade. We have focused our strategy on higher-margin specialized professional recruitment with a long-term financial goal of 7-10% EBITDA margins, which we believe will generate long-term profitability. We have executed this strategy through a combination of investments, divestitures and cost restructuring.
In April 2008, we acquired certain business assets of Propensity, Ltd. ("Propensity"), a professional services firm based in Texas specializing in accounting and finance services and providing both contract and permanent placement services.
In February 2008, we completed the acquisition of the majority of the assets of Executive Coread SARL ("Coread"), a talent management and recruitment company in France.
In May 2007, we acquired the business assets of Tong Zhi (Beijing) Consulting Service Ltd. and Guangzhou Dong Li Consulting Service Ltd. (collectively, "TKA"), an information technology recruiting business, which has operations located in three major cities in China.
We expect to continue our review of opportunities to expand our operations in specialized professional recruitment.
In the last three years, we completed the sale of or otherwise discontinued eight non-core businesses to improve our strategic focus:
• Hudson's public management division ("BPM") of Balance Ervaring op Projectbasis, B.V. ("Balance") in May 2008 (2007 revenue of $6 million).
• Hudson Americas' energy, engineering and technical staffing division ("ETS") in February 2008 (2007 revenue of $146 million).
• The Netherlands' reintegration business ("HHCS") in December 2007 (2006 revenue of $19 million).
• Australia's trade and industrial business ("T&I") in October 2007 (2006 revenue of $44 million).
• Alder Novo, a company that we acquired in 2006 and subsequently determined was not performing at the level originally expected, in April 2007.
• U.K. office support business in January 2007 (2006 revenue of $10 million).
• Highland Partners, our former executive search segment ("Highland"), in October 2006 (2005 revenue of $63 million).
• Scottish industrial trade business in September 2006 (2005 revenue of $12 million).
We strive to improve profitability at lower margin businesses primarily in the U.K. and Australia through price negotiations and a more efficient delivery of services. We periodically elect to exit certain of these business arrangements. We expect to continue our focus on improving profitability of client contracts.
On March 5, 2008, our Board of Directors approved a program to streamline our support operations in each of the Hudson regional businesses to match our focus on specialization. The costs associated with this program are principally employee termination benefits, lease termination payments and contract cancellation costs. We are taking these actions to help reduce our costs and increase our long-term profitability. We initially estimated that the pre-tax cost of the program would be between $5 million to $7 million for the year ending December 31, 2008. On October 27, 2008, our Board of Directors approved an increase to the cost of the program to $12 million for additional actions similar to those already approved. The program included costs for actions to reduce support functions to match them to the scale of businesses after divestitures ($6.5 million to $10 million), exit underutilized properties ($1 million to $2 million) and eliminate contracts for certain discontinued services ($0.5 million to $1 million). For the year ended December 31, 2008, we incurred $11.9 million of business reorganization expenses under this plan. The actions we took under this plan partially mitigated declines in our gross margin in 2008 and we expect them to produce further cost savings during 2009. We substantially completed the program by the end of 2008, though some actions will require completion during the first quarter of 2009.
On February 10, 2009, our Board of Directors approved a plan to continue to streamline our operations in each of the Hudson regional businesses in response to the current economic conditions and to align with our focus on specialization. We estimate that the pre-tax cost of this program will be $5 million and we expect these actions to be completed in the first quarter of 2009. This program includes costs for actions to exit underutilized
properties ($3 million) and reduce support functions and staff to match them to the scale of the businesses ($2 million).
We anticipate the future cash expenditures for the actions described above to be paid out primarily over the following twelve months and to be approximately equal to the estimated costs.
Discontinued Operations
In the second quarter of 2008, the Company completed the sale of substantially all of the assets of BPM, which was part of the Hudson Europe regional business. In the first quarter of 2008, the Company completed the sale of substantially all of the assets of ETS, which was part of the Hudson Americas regional business. In the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company sold its Netherlands reintegration subsidiary, HHCS, which was part of the Hudson Europe regional business, and T&I, which was part of the Hudson Asia Pacific regional business. In the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company sold Highland, which was a separate reportable segment of the Company.
As the result of the sales, BPM, ETS, HHCS, T&I and Highland operations have been accounted for as discontinued operations. Accordingly, amounts in the financial statements and related notes for all historical periods have been restated to reflect these operations as discontinued operations.
EBITDA
Management believes EBITDA is a meaningful indicator of the Company's performance that provides useful information to investors regarding the Company's financial condition and result of operations. EBITDA is also considered by the management as the best indicator of operating performance and most comparable measure across our regions, because it does not include certain expenses that are generally outside the control of local management. Management also uses this measurement to evaluate capital needs and working capital requirements. EBITDA should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for operating income, cash flows from operating activities, and other income or cash flow statement data prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles or as a measure of the Company's profitability or liquidity. Furthermore, EBITDA as presented below may not be comparable with similarly titled measures reported by other companies. EBITDA, as presented below, is derived from income (loss) from continuing operations adjusted for provision for income taxes, other expense (income), interest expense (income), and depreciation and amortization. We achieved EBITDA profitability in 2005, which continued through 2007. The Company recorded an EBITDA loss of $58.6 million in 2008, which included one time non-cash charges of $67.1 million primarily for the impairment of goodwill and intangible assets and write down of other long-term assets. The reconciliation of the EBITDA used to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure is provided in the table below:
$ in thousands 2008 2007 2006 (Loss) income from continuing operations $ (77,411 ) $ 3,892 $ (8,815 ) Adjustments to (loss) income from continuing operations Provision for income taxes 8,629 16,917 3,516 Other income, net (3,518 ) (3,445 ) (1,584 ) Interest (income) expense, net (1,061 ) (700 ) 1,634 Depreciation and amortization 14,795 14,607 18,487 Total adjustments from (loss) income from continuing operations to EBITDA 18,845 27,379 22,053 EBITDA $ (58,566 ) $ 31,271 $ 13,238 |
Critical Accounting Policies
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles in the United States of America ("US GAAP"). The preparation of financial statements in accordance with US GAAP requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. US GAAP provides the framework from which to make these estimates, assumptions and disclosures. We choose accounting policies within US GAAP that our management believes are appropriate to accurately and fairly report our operating results and financial position in a consistent manner. Our management regularly assesses these policies in light of current and forecasted economic conditions. Our accounting policies are stated in Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8. We believe the following accounting policies are critical to understanding our results of operations and affect the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements that are inherently uncertain:
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue for temporary services at the time services are provided and revenue is recorded on a time and materials basis. Temporary contracting revenue is reported on a gross basis when the Company acts as the principal in the transaction and is at risk for collection in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") Issue No. 99-19, "Reporting Revenues Gross as a Principal Versus Net as an Agent." The Company's revenues are derived from its gross billings, which are based on (i) the payroll cost of its worksite employees; and (ii) a markup computed as a percentage of the payroll cost.
The Company recognizes revenue for permanent placements based on the nature of the fee arrangement. Revenue generated when the Company permanently places an individual with a client on a contingent basis is recorded at the time of acceptance of employment, net of an allowance for estimated fee reversals. Revenue generated when the Company permanently places an individual with a client on a retained basis is recorded ratably over the period services are rendered, net of an allowance for estimated fee reversals.
The EITF reached a consensus on Issue No. 06-3, "Disclosure Requirements for Taxes Assessed by a Governmental Authority on Revenue-Producing Transactions." The consensus provides that the presentation of taxes on either a gross or net basis is an accounting policy decision. The Company collects various taxes assessed by governmental authorities and records these amounts on a net basis.
Accounts Receivable
The Company's accounts receivable balances are composed of trade and unbilled receivables. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts and makes ongoing estimates as to the collectability of the various receivables. If the Company determines that the allowance for doubtful accounts is not adequate to cover estimated losses, an expense to provide for doubtful accounts is recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses. If an account is determined to be uncollectible, it is written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts. Management's assessment and judgment are vital requirements assessing the ultimate realization of these receivables, including the current credit-worthiness, financial stability and effect of market conditions on each customer.
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method in accordance with SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes," ("SFAS No. 109"), as amended. This statement establishes financial accounting and reporting standards for the effects of income taxes that result from an enterprise's activities during the current and preceding years. It requires an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes.
As of December 31, 2008, we had current net deferred tax assets of $4,861 and non-current net deferred tax assets of $1,506. The calculation of net deferred tax assets assumes sufficient future earnings for the realization of such assets as well as the continued application of currently anticipated tax rates. Included in net deferred tax
assets is a valuation allowance of $146,764 for deferred tax assets where management believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized in the relevant jurisdiction. Based on our assessments, no additional valuation allowance is required. If we determine that a deferred tax asset will not be realizable, an adjustment to the deferred tax asset will result in a reduction of earnings at that time.
In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes" ("FIN 48") - an interpretation of SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes." FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise's financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109. FIN 48 prescribes a two-step evaluation process for tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The first step is recognition and the second is measurement. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognizing, measurement, classification, disclosures, transition and accounting for interim periods. In May 2007, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position ("FSP") No. 48-1, "Definition of Settlement in FASB Interpretation No. 48, an amendment of FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 48, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes" ("FSP No. FIN 48-1"). FSP No. FIN 48-1 provides guidance on how to determine whether a tax position is effectively settled for the purpose of recognizing previously unrecognized tax benefits.
We adopted FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007. As a result, we recognized an increase in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits, interest and penalties of $3,537 (net of tax effect), which, as required, was accounted for as a reduction to the January 1, 2007 balance of retained earnings. The cumulative effect of the adjustment consisted of $1,969 for income taxes related to both foreign and U.S. state and local jurisdictions, $671 of interest and $897 of penalties related to uncertain tax benefits. Accrued interest and penalties were $1,568 as of January 1, 2007. The Company had approximately $5,884 and $6,890 of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties of $1,625 and $2,019, which if recognized in the future, would affect the annual effective income tax rate as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding FIN 48. We elected to continue our historical practice of classifying applicable interest and penalties as a component of the provision for income taxes.
We provide tax reserves for Federal, state, local and international exposures relating to periods subject to audit. The development of reserves for these exposures requires judgments about tax issues, potential outcomes and timing, and is a critical estimate. We assess our tax positions and record tax benefits for all years subject to examination based upon management's evaluation of the facts, circumstances and information available at the reporting dates. For those tax positions where it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will be sustained, we have recorded the largest amount of tax benefit with greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement with a tax authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. For those tax positions where it is not more likely than not that a tax benefit will be sustained, no tax benefit has been recognized in the financial statements. Where applicable, associated interest and penalties have also been recognized. Although the outcome relating to these exposures are uncertain, we believe that our reserves reflect the probable outcome of known tax contingencies. In certain circumstances, the ultimate outcome of exposures and risks involves significant uncertainties which render them inestimable. If actual outcomes differ materially from these estimates, including those that cannot be quantified, they could have a material impact on our results of operations.
Contingencies
The Company is subject to proceedings, lawsuits and other claims related to labor, service and other matters. The Company is required to assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes to these matters and potential ranges of probable losses. The Company makes a determination of the amount of reserves required, if any, for these contingencies after careful analysis of each individual issue. The required reserves may change in the future due to new developments in each matter, new developments externally in matters with other companies similar to those we have or changes in approach, such as a change in settlement strategy in dealing with these matters.
Goodwill
Under SFAS No. 142, the Company is required to test goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis as of October 1, or more frequently if circumstances indicate that its carrying value might exceed its current fair value.
SFAS No. 142 requires a two-step process to identify potential goodwill impairment and to measure the amount of the impairment loss to be recognized, if applicable. The first step of the goodwill impairment test, used to identify potential impairment, compares the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, then goodwill of the reporting unit is not considered impaired and the second step of the impairment test is unnecessary. In contrast, if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the goodwill impairment test shall be performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any.
Step two of the impairment test, if necessary, consists of determining the implied fair value of each reporting unit's goodwill. In calculating the implied fair value of goodwill, the fair values of the reporting units are allocated to all of the other assets and liabilities of the reporting units based on their fair values. The excess of the fair value of each reporting unit over the amounts assigned to its other assets and liabilities is equal to the implied fair value of its goodwill. The goodwill impairment is measured as the excess of . . .
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