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| PLD > SEC Filings for PLD > Form 10-K on 2-Mar-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
2-Mar-2009
Annual Report
You should read the following discussion in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this report and the matters described under "Item 1A. Risk Factors".
Management's Overview
We are a self-administered and self-managed REIT that owns, operates and develops real estate properties, primarily industrial properties, in North America, Europe and Asia (directly and through our unconsolidated investees). Our business is primarily driven by requirements for modern, well-located inventory space in key global distribution locations. Our focus on our customers' needs has enabled us to become a leading global provider of industrial distribution properties.
Recently, the global financial markets have been undergoing pervasive and fundamental disruptions, which began to impact us late in the third quarter of 2008. As the global credit crisis worsened in the fourth quarter, it was necessary for us to modify our business strategy. As such, we discontinued most of our new development and acquisition activities in order to focus on our core business of owning and managing industrial properties. Narrowing our focus has allowed us to take the necessary steps toward reducing our debt and maximizing liquidity and cash flow. We believe our current business strategy, coupled with the following objectives for both the near and long-term, will position us to take advantage of business opportunities upon the stabilization of the global financial markets.
Near-term objectives:
• Simplify our business model and focus on our core business;
• Complete the development and leasing of properties currently in our development portfolio;
• Manage our core portfolio of industrial distribution properties to maintain and improve our net operating income stream from these assets;
• Provide exceptional customer service to our current and future customers;
• Generate liquidity through contributions of properties to our property funds and through sales to third parties;
• Reduce our debt at December 31, 2009 by $2.0 billion from our debt levels at September 30, 2008, through debt retirements; utilizing proceeds from property contributions and dispositions and other possible means, such as buying back outstanding debt and issuing additional equity;
• Recast our global line of credit; and
• Reduce our general and administrative expenses through various cost savings initiatives, including reductions in workforce.
Longer-term objectives:
• Employ a conservative growth expansion model;
• Develop industrial properties utilizing a portion of our existing land parcels, which we will hold for long-term direct investment, or otherwise monetize our land holdings through dispositions; and
• Grow the property funds by utilizing the property fund structure for the development of properties and the opportunistic acquisition of properties from third parties.
Due to recent economic conditions, we have changed our near-term business
strategy, which will no longer focus on CDFS business activities. As a result,
as of December 31, 2008, we have two operating segments: (i) direct owned and
(ii) investment management. Our direct owned segment represents the direct
long-term ownership of industrial and retail properties. Our investment
management segment represents the long-term investment management of property
funds and the properties they own. Our development or CDFS business segment,
which had results through December 31, 2008, primarily encompassed our
development or acquisition of real estate properties that were subsequently
contributed to a property fund in which we have an ownership interest and act as
manager, or sold to third parties. As of December 31, 2008, all of the assets
and liabilities in this segment have been transferred into our two remaining
segments.
We generate and seek to increase revenues; earnings; FFO, as defined at the end of Item 7; and cash flows through our segments primarily as follows:
• Direct Owned Segment - We earn rent from our customers, including
reimbursements of certain operating costs, under long-term operating leases
for the industrial and retail properties that we own directly. The revenue in
this segment decreased in 2008 primarily due to the contribution of
properties to property funds, offset partially with increases in occupancy
levels within our development portfolio. However, due to current market
challenges, leasing activity has slowed and rental revenues generated by the
lease-up of newly developed properties has not been adequate to completely
offset the loss of rental revenues from property contributions. We expect our
total revenues from this segment will decrease in 2009 due to the
contributions and dispositions of properties we made in 2008. We intend to
grow our revenue in the remaining properties primarily through increases in
occupied square feet in our development portfolio. Our development portfolio,
including Completed Development Properties and those currently under
development, was 41.4% leased at December 31, 2008. Our current business plan
allows for the limited expansion of operating properties as necessary to:
(i) address the specific expansion needs of customers; (ii) initiate or
enhance our market presence in a specific country, market or submarket;
(iii) take advantage of opportunities where we believe we have the ability to
achieve favorable returns; and (iv) expand the portfolio of properties we own
through opportunistic acquisitions.
• Investment Management Segment - We recognize our proportionate share of the earnings or losses from our investments in unconsolidated property funds and certain joint ventures. In addition to the income recognized under the equity method, we recognize fees and incentives earned for services performed on behalf of these entities and interest earned on advances to these entities, if any. We provide services to these entities, such as property management, asset management, acquisition, financing and development. We may also earn incentives from our property funds depending on the return provided to the fund partners over a specified period. We expect future growth in income recognized to result from growth in existing property funds, primarily from properties the funds acquired from us in 2008 and may acquire, from us or third parties, in the future, as well as the formation of future funds.
• CDFS Business Segment - Through December 31, 2008, we recognized income primarily from the contributions of developed, rehabilitated and repositioned properties and acquired portfolios of properties to the property funds as well as from dispositions of land and properties to third parties. The income was generated due to the increased fair value of the properties at the time of contribution, based on third party appraisals, and income was recognized only to the extent of the third party ownership interest in the property fund acquiring the property. Given the challenges that we are facing in this current environment and the corresponding changes we have made to our business strategy, we do not expect to have a CDFS business segment in 2009. All of the assets and liabilities that were in this segment have been transferred to our two remaining segments. We transferred all of our real estate and other assets that were in our development pipeline to our direct owned segment. The investments we had in certain joint ventures have been transferred to our investment management segment. We may contribute Completed Development Properties and/or Core Properties to the property funds or sell to third parties, although these will no longer be reported in our CDFS business segment.
Key Items in 2008
• In December 2008, we entered into a binding agreement to sell our China operations and our investments in the Japan property funds for $1.3 billion of cash. This resulted in an impairment charge of $198.2 million on the sale of our China operations, which is included in Discontinued Operations in our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8. In 2009, after the sale has closed and we have received all the proceeds, we will recognize a gain related to the sale of our interests in the Japan property funds. See Note 21 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8.
• In 2008, we generated aggregate proceeds of $4.7 billion and recognized aggregate gains of $690.1 million from contributions and dispositions of properties, net of amounts deferred, as follows:
¡ We generated $4.2 billion of proceeds and $658.9 million of gains from the contributions of CDFS developed and repositioned properties and sales of land. This is net of the deferral of $209.5 million of gains related to our ongoing ownership in the property funds or other unconsolidated investees that acquired the properties and also includes $25.0 million of previously deferred gains. This also includes one property sold to a third party that was developed under a pre-sale agreement.
¡ We contributed, to certain property funds, acquired CDFS property portfolios at cost, generating $372.7 million of proceeds. We acquired these portfolios of properties in 2008, 2007 and 2006 with the intent to contribute them to a new or existing property fund at our cost. In addition, we contributed two non-CDFS properties to property funds generating $35.5 million of proceeds and $11.7 million of gains.
¡ We disposed of 15 properties and land subject to a ground lease to third parties, all of which are included in discontinued operations, generating proceeds of $127.4 million and $19.5 million of gains.
• We increased our direct investment in PEPF II by 20% by acquiring units from PEPR for $61.1 million.
• As a result of significant adverse changes in market conditions, we reviewed our assets for potential impairment under the appropriate accounting literature, considering current market conditions as well as our intent with regard to owning or disposing of the asset. In connection with that review, in the fourth quarter of 2008, we recorded impairment charges of $274.7 million on our real estate properties and $320.6 million on goodwill and other assets. See Note 13 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8.
• In connection with cost savings initiatives we implemented to reduce our general and administrative expenses, we initiated a RIF plan with a total cost of $26.4 million, including $3.3 million related to our China operations and reflected in discontinued operations.
• During the fourth quarter of 2008, we completed a tender offer related to our senior notes. We purchased $309.7 million aggregate principal amount of 5.25% notes due November 2010 for $216.8 million, resulting in a gain of $90.7 million, after transaction costs and expensing previously deferred debt issuance and discount costs of $2.2 million.
• We raised $1.1 billion of proceeds through the issuance of $600 million of 6.625% senior notes and $550 million of 2.625% convertible senior notes.
• We generated $196.4 million from the issuance of 3.4 million common shares under our Controlled Equity Offering Program.
Summary of 2008
Our direct owned portfolio decreased in 2008, on average, due to the contributions of properties to the property funds. Net operating income from our direct owned segment decreased to $641.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $739.6 million for the same period in 2007. The decrease was largely due to us owning a smaller operating portfolio, on average, during 2008 over the same period in 2007, an increase in property management expenses, insurance and other rental expenses not recoverable from our customers, offset partially by an increase in occupancy levels and rental rate increases. Rental expenses in this segment include the property management costs we incur to manage our properties and the properties owned by the property funds for which we receive management fee income. The property management costs increased $10.5 million in 2008 compared with 2007, primarily due to the growth in the portfolios we manage on behalf of the property funds. Non-recoverable rental expenses increased due to a $6.0 million increase in insurance expense related to a tornado in the first quarter of 2008.
We had net operating income from the investment management segment of $66.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, compared to $196.0 million for 2007. In 2008, we recognized a loss of $108.2 million
representing our share of the loss recognized by ProLogis European Properties ("PEPR") upon the sale and impairment of its ownership interests in ProLogis European Properties Fund II ("PEPF II"). We also recognized our share of realized and unrealized losses of $32.3 million related to interest rate derivative contracts held by certain property funds. In 2007, we recognized $38.2 million that represented our proportionate share of a gain recognized by PEPR from the sale of certain properties. Without these items in both 2008 and 2007, net operating income from this segment increased $49.1 million or 31% due to the increased size of the portfolios owned by the property funds.
Net operating income of the CDFS business segment decreased for the year ended December 31, 2008 to $657.9 million from $786.2 million for the same period in 2007 primarily due to decreased levels of contributions and lower profit margins. In 2007, we repositioned a property fund and recognized gains of $68.6 million in this segment.
Results of Operations
Information for the years ended December 31, regarding net earnings (loss)
attributable to common shares was as follows:
2008 2007 2006
Net earnings (loss) attributable to common shares (in
millions) $ (432.2 ) $ 1,048.9 $ 849.0
Net earnings (loss) per share attributable to common
shares - Basic $ (1.65 ) $ 4.08 $ 3.45
Net earnings (loss) per share attributable to common
shares - Diluted $ (1.65 ) $ 3.94 $ 3.32
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The decrease in net earnings in 2008 from 2007 is primarily due to impairment charges recognized in 2008 of $901.8 million, charges of $26.4 million related to our RIF plan, lower gains on dispositions of properties, lower rental income and higher rental expenses, offset by a $90.7 million gain on the extinguishment of debt. The impairment charges related to our real estate properties, goodwill, China operations, unconsolidated investees and other assets and are discussed in more detail in Notes 5, 7 and 13 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8. In 2007, we recognized gains on dispositions of both CDFS and non-CDFS properties of $991.9 million as compared with $690.1 million of gains in 2008. Net earnings in 2007 included; (i) the repositioning of a property fund resulting in total gains from CDFS contributions and foreign exchange contracts of $95.2 million; (ii) the disposition of 77 properties from our direct owned segment to two of the unconsolidated property funds, which generated gains of $146.7 million; and (iii) the recognition of our share of net gains of $38.2 million from the property funds due to the disposition of properties in 2007. These transactions have also resulted in less rental income in 2008 compared with 2007. The increase in net earnings attributable to common shares in 2007 over 2006 was due to increased gains on contributions of CDFS and non-CDFS properties to property funds (outlined above), higher gains on sales of land and improved property operating performance, partially offset by lower incentive fees from property funds and lower gains on sales of properties to third parties.
Direct Owned Segment
The net operating income of the direct owned segment consists of rental income
and rental expenses from industrial and retail properties during the time we
directly own it. The rental income and expenses of operating properties that
were developed or acquired with the intent to contribute to a property fund are
included in this segment prior to contribution. When a property is contributed
to a property fund, we begin reporting our share of the earnings of the property
under the equity method in the investment management segment. However, the
overhead costs incurred by us to provide the management services to the property
fund continue to be reported as part of rental expenses in this segment. The
size and leased percentage of our direct owned operating portfolio fluctuates
due to the timing of contributions and dispositions of properties and the
acquisition and development of properties and impacts the net operating income
we recognize in this segment. See Note 19 to our Consolidated Financial
Statements in Item 8 for a reconciliation of net operating income to earnings
(loss)
before minority interest. The net operating income from the direct owned segment, excluding amounts presented as discontinued operations in our Consolidated Financial Statements, was as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
2008 2007 2006
Rental income $ 953,866 $ 1,009,173 $ 865,145
Rental expenses 312,121 269,602 221,780
Total net operating income - direct owned segment $ 641,745 $ 739,571 $ 643,365
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We had a direct owned operating portfolio at December 31, 2008 and 2007, as follows (square feet in thousands):
December 31, 2008 December 31, 2007
Number of Number of
Properties Square Feet Leased% Properties Square Feet Leased %
Industrial properties 1,157 154,947 92.2 % 1,187 161,105 93.2 %
Retail properties 34 1,404 94.5 % 32 1,282 94.0 %
Subtotal non-development properties 1,191 156,351 92.2 % 1,219 162,387 93.2 %
Completed development properties (1) 140 40,763 43.5 % 141 38,634 56.4 %
Total operating portfolio 1,331 197,114 82.1 % 1,360 201,021 86.1 %
Assets held for sale at December 31, 2008 - - - 50 7,559 67.0 %
Total 1,331 197,114 82.1 % 1,410 208,580 85.5 %
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(1) Included at December 31, 2008, are 93 properties with 23.7 million square feet on which development was completed in 2008. Included as of December 31, 2007, are 94 properties with 21.5 million square feet that were contributed to property funds during 2008 and therefore are no longer in our portfolio as of December 31, 2008. The leased percentage fluctuates based on the composition of properties.
The decrease in rental income in 2008 from 2007 is due primarily to the contributions of properties to the unconsolidated property funds, offset partially by increases in rental rates on turnovers, new leasing activity in our development properties and increases in rental recoveries. Under the terms of our lease agreements, we are able to recover the majority of our rental expenses from customers. Rental expense recoveries, included in both rental income and expenses, were $226.3 million, $209.4 million and $174.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 respectively. The increases in rental expense recoveries were driven by increased property taxes and common area maintenance expenses such as utilities and snow removal costs. In addition to the increased recoverable expenses, property management costs and certain non-recoverable costs have increased as well, offset somewhat by a decrease in expenses due to the contribution or disposition of the properties. The increase in property management costs in 2008 over 2007 of $10.5 million is due largely to the increase in the number of properties we manage on behalf of the property funds. The increase in non-recoverable costs included a $6.0 million insurance adjustment made during the first quarter of 2008 due to a tornado that struck certain properties owned by us and owned by the property funds and insured by us through our insurance company.
The increases in rental income and rental expenses, in 2007 over 2006, are due to us owning more properties in 2007 than 2006 as a result of the timing of contributions, as well as increases in the net operating income of the same store properties we own directly. During the third quarter of 2007, we acquired all of the units in MPR, an Australian listed property trust that had an 89% ownership interest in ProLogis North American Properties Fund V. This transaction resulted in us owning 100% of the assets for approximately two months, when the lender converted certain of the bridge debt into equity of a new property fund, ProLogis North American Industrial Fund II, in which we have a 36.9% equity interest (collectively the "MPR Transaction"). As we held these properties directly and consolidated their operating results for a short time in 2007, we had net operating income associated with these properties of approximately $17 million in 2007. During the
remainder of 2007 and all of 2008, we recognized our proportionate share of the results of these properties through our Earnings (Loss) from Unconsolidated Property Funds.
Investment Management Segment
The net operating income of the investment management segment consists of:
(i) earnings or losses recognized under the equity method from our investments
in property funds and certain joint ventures (that develop or own industrial or
retail properties); (ii) fees and incentives earned for services performed; and
(iii) interest earned on advances. The net earnings or losses of the
unconsolidated investees may include the following income and expense items of
our unconsolidated investees, in addition to rental income and rental expenses:
(i) interest income and interest expense; (ii) depreciation and amortization
expenses; (iii) general and administrative expenses; (iv) income tax expense;
(v) foreign currency exchange gains and losses; (vi) gains or losses on
dispositions of properties or investments; and (vii) impairment charges. The
fluctuations in income we recognize in any given period are generally the result
of: (i) variances in the income and expense items of the unconsolidated
investees; (ii) the size of the portfolio and occupancy levels in each period;
(iii) changes in our ownership interest; and (iv) fluctuations in foreign
currency exchange rates at which we translate our share of net earnings to
U.S. dollars, if applicable. The costs of the property management function
performed by us for the properties owned by the property funds and joint
ventures are reported in the direct owned segment and the costs of the
investment management function are included in our general and administrative
expenses. See Notes 5 and 19 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8
for additional information on our unconsolidated investees and for a
reconciliation of net operating income to earnings (loss) before minority
interest.
The net operating income from the investment management segment was as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
2008 2007 2006
Unconsolidated property funds:
North America (1) $ 65,024 $ 64,325 $ 117,532
Europe (2) (42,460 ) 104,665 167,227
Asia (3) 39,331 30,182 20,225
Unconsolidated joint ventures (4) 4,546 (3,221 ) 41,996
Total net operating income - investment management
segment $ 66,441 $ 195,951 $ 346,980
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(1) Represents the income earned by us from our investments in property funds in North America. We had interests in 12, 12 and 10 property funds at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively that owned, on a combined basis, 854, 777 and 535 properties at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our ownership interests ranged from 20% to 50% at December 31, 2008. Included in 2008 are net losses of $28.2 million, which represent our proportionate share of losses that were recognized by certain of the property funds, related to interest rate derivative contracts that no longer met the requirements for hedge accounting. Excluding these losses, the increase in net operating income we recognized in 2008 over 2007 is due principally to increased management fees and income from the larger portfolios in the property funds.
In January 2006, we purchased the 80% ownership interests held by our fund partner in three property funds and subsequently contributed substantially all of the assets and associated liabilities to the North American Industrial Fund in March 2006. In connection with this transaction, we earned an incentive return of $22.0 million and we recognized $37.1 million in income, representing our proportionate share of the net gain recognized by the property funds upon termination.
(2) In 2008 and 2007, amounts represent the income earned by us from our investments in two property funds in Europe, PEPR and PEPF II, and, prior to the formation of PEPF II in the third quarter of 2007, represents the income from our investment in PEPR. On a combined basis, these funds owned 399, 288 and
277 properties at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our ownership interest in PEPR and PEPF II was 24.9% and 36.9%, respectively, at December 31, 2008 including both our direct and indirect investments. Our ownership interest in PEPF II includes our direct ownership interest of 34.3% and our indirect 2.6% interest through our ownership in PEPR, which owned a 10.4% interest in PEPF II.
Included in 2008, are $108.2 million of losses representing our share of losses recognized by PEPR on the sale of its 20% investment in PEPF II to us and an impairment charge related to its remaining 10% interest. In February 2009, PEPR sold its 10% interest to a third party, which decreased our ownership interest in PEPF II to 34.3%. In July 2007, PEPR disposed of 47 . . .
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