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| FR > SEC Filings for FR > Form 10-K on 2-Mar-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
2-Mar-2009
Annual Report
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with "Selected Financial Data" and the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
In addition, the following discussion contains certain forward-looking
statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. We intend such
forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for
forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform
Act of 1995, and are including this statement for purposes of complying with
those safe harbor provisions. Forward-looking statements, which are based on
certain assumptions and describe future plans, strategies and expectations of
the Company, are generally identifiable by use of the words "believe," "expect,"
"intend," "anticipate," "estimate," "project" or similar expressions. Our
ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is
inherently uncertain. Factors which could have a material adverse affect on the
operations and future prospects of the Company on a consolidated basis include,
but are not limited to, changes in: international, national, regional and local
economic conditions generally and the real estate market specifically,
legislative/regulatory changes (including changes to laws governing the taxation
of real estate investment trusts), availability of financing, interest rate,
competition, supply and demand for industrial properties in our current and
proposed market areas, potential environmental liabilities, slippage in
development or lease-up schedules, tenant credit risks, higher-than-expected
costs and changes in general accounting principles, policies and guidelines
applicable to real estate investment trusts and risks related to doing business
internationally (including foreign currency exchange risks). These risks and
uncertainties should be considered in evaluating forward-looking statements and
undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. Further information
concerning the Company and its business, including additional factors that could
materially affect our financial results, is included in Item 1A. "Risk Factors,"
and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"SEC").
The Company was organized in the state of Maryland on August 10, 1993. We are a REIT, as defined in the Code. We began operations on July 1, 1994. Our interests in our properties and land parcels are held through partnerships, corporations, and limited liability companies controlled, directly or indirectly, by us, including First Industrial, L.P. (the "Operating Partnership"), of which we are the sole general partner, as well as, among others, our taxable REIT subsidiary, First Industrial Investment, Inc. (the "TRS"), of which the Operating Partnership is the sole stockholder, all of whose operating data is consolidated with that of the Company as presented herein.
We also own minority equity interests in, and provide services to, seven joint ventures whose purpose is to invest in industrial properties (the "2003 Net Lease Joint Venture," the "2005 Development/Repositioning Joint Venture," the "2005 Core Joint Venture," the "2006 Net Lease Co-Investment Program," the "2006 Land/Development Joint Venture," the "2007 Canada Joint Venture," and the "2007 Europe Joint Venture"; together the "Joint Ventures"). The Joint Ventures are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. One of the Joint Ventures, the 2007 Europe Joint Venture, does not own any properties and is inactive.
The operating data of our Joint Ventures is not consolidated with that of the Company as presented herein.
We believe our financial condition and results of operations are, primarily, a function of our performance and our Joint Ventures' performance in four key areas: leasing of industrial properties, acquisition and development of additional industrial properties, redeployment of internal capital and access to external capital.
We generate revenue primarily from rental income and tenant recoveries from long-term (generally three to six years) operating leases of our industrial properties and our Joint Ventures' industrial properties. Such revenue is offset by certain property specific operating expenses, such as real estate taxes, repairs and maintenance, property management, utilities and insurance expenses, along with certain other costs and expenses, such as depreciation and amortization costs and general and administrative and interest expenses. Our revenue growth is dependent, in part, on our ability to (i) increase rental income, through increasing either or both occupancy rates and rental rates at our properties and our Joint Ventures' properties, (ii) maximize tenant recoveries and (iii) minimize operating and certain other expenses. Revenues generated from rental income and tenant recoveries are a significant source of funds, in addition to income generated from gains/losses on the sale of our properties and our Joint Ventures' properties (as discussed below), for our distributions. The leasing of property, in general, and occupancy rates, rental rates, operating expenses and certain non-operating expenses, in particular, are impacted, variously, by property specific, market specific, general economic and other conditions, many of which are beyond our control. The leasing of property also entails various risks, including the risk of tenant default. If we were unable to maintain or increase occupancy rates and rental rates at our properties and our Joint Ventures' properties or to maintain tenant recoveries and operating and certain other expenses consistent with historical levels and proportions, our revenue growth would be limited. Further, if a significant number of our tenants and our Joint Ventures' tenants were unable to pay rent (including tenant recoveries) or if we or our Joint Ventures were unable to rent our properties on favorable terms, our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and ability to pay dividends on, and the market price of, our common stock would be adversely affected.
Our revenue growth is also dependent, in part, on our ability and our Joint Ventures' ability to acquire existing, and acquire and develop new, additional industrial properties on favorable terms. The Company itself, and through our various Joint Ventures, continually seeks to acquire existing industrial properties on favorable terms, and, when conditions permit, also seeks to acquire and develop new industrial properties on favorable terms. Existing properties, as they are acquired, and acquired and developed properties, as they are leased, generate revenue from rental income, tenant recoveries and fees, income from which, as discussed above, is a source of funds for our distributions. The acquisition and development of properties is impacted, variously, by property specific, market specific, general economic and other conditions, many of which are beyond our control. The acquisition and development of properties also entails various risks, including the risk that our investments and our Joint Ventures' investments may not perform as expected. For example, acquired existing and acquired and developed new properties may not sustain and/or achieve anticipated occupancy and rental rate levels. With respect to acquired and developed new properties, we may not be able to complete construction on schedule or within budget, resulting in increased debt service expense and construction costs and delays in leasing the properties. Also, we, as well as our Joint Ventures, face significant competition for attractive acquisition and development opportunities from other well-capitalized real estate investors, including both publicly-traded REITs and private investors. Further, as discussed below, we and our Joint Ventures may not be able to finance the acquisition and development opportunities we identify. If we and our Joint Ventures were unable to acquire and develop sufficient additional properties on favorable terms, or if such investments did not perform as expected, our revenue growth would be limited and our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and ability to pay dividends on, and the market price of, our common stock would be adversely affected.
We also generate income from the sale of our properties and our Joint Ventures' properties (including existing buildings, buildings which we or our Joint Ventures have developed or re-developed on a merchant basis, and land). The Company itself and through our various Joint Ventures is continually engaged in, and our income growth is dependent in part on, systematically redeploying capital from properties and other assets with lower yield potential into properties and other assets with higher yield potential. As part of that process,
we and our Joint Ventures sell, on an ongoing basis, select properties or land. The gain/loss on, and fees from, the sale of such properties are included in our income and are a significant source of funds, in addition to revenues generated from rental income and tenant recoveries, for our distributions. Also, a significant portion of our proceeds from such sales is used to fund the acquisition of existing, and the acquisition and development of new, industrial properties. The sale of properties is impacted, variously, by property specific, market specific, general economic and other conditions, many of which are beyond our control. The sale of properties also entails various risks, including competition from other sellers and the availability of attractive financing for potential buyers of our properties and our Joint Ventures' properties. Further, our ability to sell properties is limited by safe harbor rules applying to REITs under the Code which relate to the number of properties that may be disposed of in a year, their tax bases and the cost of improvements made to the properties, along with other tests which enable a REIT to avoid punitive taxation on the sale of assets. If we and our Joint Ventures were unable to sell properties on favorable terms, our income growth would be limited and our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and ability to pay dividends on, and the market price of, our common stock would be adversely affected.
We utilize a portion of the net sales proceeds from property sales, borrowings under our unsecured line of credit (the "Unsecured Line of Credit") and proceeds from the issuance when and as warranted, of additional debt and equity securities to finance future acquisitions and developments and to fund our equity commitments to our Joint Ventures. Access to external capital on favorable terms plays a key role in our financial condition and results of operations, as it impacts our cost of capital and our ability and cost to refinance existing indebtedness as it matures and to fund acquisitions, developments and contributions to our Joint Ventures or through the issuance, when and as warranted, of additional equity securities. Our ability to access external capital on favorable terms is dependent on various factors, including general market conditions, interest rates, credit ratings on our capital stock and debt, the market's perception of our growth potential, our current and potential future earnings and cash distributions and the market price of our capital stock. If we were unable to access external capital on favorable terms, our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and ability to pay dividends on, and the market price of, our common stock would be adversely affected.
Current Business Risks and Uncertainties
The real estate markets have been significantly impacted by the continued deterioration of the global credit markets. The current recession has resulted in downward pressure on our net operating income and has impaired our ability to sell properties.
Our Unsecured Line of Credit and the indentures under which our senior unsecured indebtedness is, or may be, issued contain certain financial covenants, including, among other things, debt service coverage and fixed charge coverage ratios, as well as limitations on our ability to incur secured and unsecured indebtedness. Consistent with our prior practice, we will, in the future, continue to interpret and certify our performance under these covenants in a good faith manner that we deem reasonable and appropriate. However, these financial covenants are complex and there can be no assurance that these provisions would not be interpreted by our lenders in a manner that could impose and cause us to incur material costs. Any violation of these covenants would subject us to higher finance costs and fees, or accelerated maturities. In addition, our credit facilities and senior debt securities contain certain cross-default provisions, which are triggered in the event that our other material indebtedness is in default. Under the Unsecured Line of Credit, an event of default can also occur if the lenders, in their good faith judgment, determine that a material adverse change has occurred which could prevent timely repayment or materially impair our ability to perform our obligations under the loan agreement.
We believe that we were in compliance with our financial covenants as of December 31, 2008, and we anticipate that we will be able to operate in compliance with our financial covenants in 2009. However, our ability to meet our financial covenants may be reduced if 2009 economic and credit market conditions limit our property sales and reduce our net operating income below our projections. We expect to refinance indebtedness maturing in 2009 and to comply with our financial covenants in 2009 and beyond. We plan to enhance our liquidity through a combination of capital retention, mortgage financing and asset sales.
• Retained Capital - We plan to retain capital by adjusting our dividend policy to distribute the minimum amount required to maintain our REIT status. We will not pay a dividend in April 2009 and may not pay common dividends in future quarters in 2009 depending on our taxable income. If we are required to pay common stock dividends in 2009, we may elect to satisfy this obligation by distributing a combination of cash and common shares.
• Mortgage Financing - In June 2009, we have $125.0 million of unsecured debt maturing, and in July 2009 we have $5.0 million of secured mortgage debt maturing. We are in active discussions with various lenders regarding the origination of mortgage financing. The total loan proceeds are expected to be sufficient to meet these maturities. No assurances can be made that new secured financing will be obtained. If we fail to timely retire our maturing debt, we will be in default under our Unsecured Line of Credit and our senior unsecured debt securities.
• Asset Sales - We are in various stages of discussions with third parties for the sale of properties during the three months ended March 31, 2009, and plan to continue to market other properties for sale throughout 2009. If we are unable to sell properties on an advantageous basis, this may impair our liquidity and our ability to meet our financial covenants.
In addition, we may from time to time repurchase or redeem our outstanding securities. Any repurchases or redemptions would depend upon prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors we consider important. Future repurchases or redemptions may materially impact our liquidity, future tax liability and results of operations.
Although we believe we will be successful in meeting our liquidity needs through a combination of capital retention, mortgage financing and asset sales, if we were to be unsuccessful in executing one or more of the strategies outlined above, we would be materially adversely effected.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Our significant accounting policies are described in more detail in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
• We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts which is based on estimates of potential losses which could result from the inability of our tenants to satisfy outstanding billings with us. The allowance for doubtful accounts is an estimate based on our assessment of the creditworthiness of our tenants.
• Properties are classified as held for sale when all criteria within Financial Accounting Standards Board's (the "FASB") Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived Assets" ("SFAS 144") are met for such properties. When properties are classified as held for sale, we cease depreciating the properties and estimate the values of such properties and measure them at the lower of depreciated cost or fair value, less costs to dispose. If circumstances arise that were previously considered unlikely, and, as a result, we decide not to sell a property previously classified as held for sale, we will reclassify such property as held and used. We estimate the value of such property and measure it at the lower of its carrying amount (adjusted for any depreciation and amortization expense that would have been recognized had the property been continuously classified as held and used) or fair value at the date of the subsequent decision not to sell. Fair value is determined by deducting from the estimated sales price of the property the estimated costs to close the sale.
• We review our properties on a periodic basis for possible impairment and provide a provision if impairments are determined. We utilize the guidelines established under SFAS 144 to determine if impairment conditions exist. We review the expected undiscounted cash flows of each property to determine if there are any indications of impairment. If the expected undiscounted cash flows of a particular property are less than the net book basis of the property, we will recognize an impairment charge equal to the amount of carrying value of the property that exceeds the fair value of the property. Fair value is determined by discounting the future expected cash flows of the property. The calculation
of the fair value involves subjective assumptions such as estimated occupancy, rental rates, ultimate residual value and the discount rate used to present value the cash flows.
• We analyze our investments in Joint Ventures to determine whether the joint venture should be accounted for under the equity method of accounting or consolidated into our financial statements based on standards set forth under SFAS Interpretation No. 46(R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, EITF 96-16, Investor's Accounting for an Investee When the Investor Has a Majority of the Voting Interest but the Minority Shareholder or Shareholders Have Certain Approval or Veto Rights and Statement of Position 78-9, Accounting for Investments in Real Estate Ventures. Based on the guidance set forth in these pronouncements, we do not consolidate any of our joint venture investments because either the joint venture has been determined to be a variable interest entity but we are not the primary beneficiary or the joint venture has been determined not to be a variable interest entity and we lack control of the joint venture. Our assessment of whether we are the primary beneficiary of a variable interest involves the consideration of various factors including the form of our ownership interest, our representation on the entity's governing body, the size of our investment and future cash flows of the entity.
• On a periodic basis, we assess whether there are any indicators that the value of our investments in Joint Ventures may be impaired in accordance with APB Opinion No. 18, "The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock" ("APB 18"). An investment is impaired only if our estimate of the value of the investment is less than the carrying value of the investment, and such decline in value is deemed to be other than temporary. To the extent impairment has occurred, the loss shall be measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the investment over the fair value of the investment. Our estimates of fair value for each investment are based on a number of subjective assumptions that are subject to economic and market uncertainties including, among others, demand for space, market rental rates and operating costs, the discount rate used to value the cash flows of the properties and the discount rate used to value the Joint Ventures' debt.
• We capitalize (direct and certain indirect) costs incurred in developing, renovating, acquiring and rehabilitating real estate assets as part of the investment basis. Costs incurred in making certain other improvements are also capitalized. During the land development and construction periods, we capitalize interest costs, real estate taxes and certain general and administrative costs of the personnel performing development, renovations or rehabilitation up to the time the property is substantially complete. The determination and calculation of certain costs requires estimates by us. Amounts included in capitalized costs are included in the investment basis of real estate assets.
• We are engaged in the acquisition of individual properties as well as multi-property portfolios. In accordance with SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations", we are required to allocate purchase price between land, building, tenant improvements, leasing commissions, in-place leases, tenant relationship and above and below market leases. Above-market and below-market lease values for acquired properties are recorded based on the present value (using a discount rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease and (ii) our estimate of fair market lease rents for each corresponding in-place lease. Acquired above and below market leases are amortized over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective leases as an adjustment to rental income. In-place lease and tenant relationship values for acquired properties are recorded based on our evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant's lease and our overall relationship with the respective tenant. The value allocated to in-place lease intangible assets is amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining lease term of the respective lease. The value allocated to tenant relationship is amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the expected term of the relationship, which includes an estimate of the probability of lease renewal and its estimated term. We also must allocate purchase price on multi-property portfolios to individual properties. The allocation of purchase price is based on our assessment of various characteristics of the markets where the property is located and the expected cash flows of the property.
• In the preparation of our consolidated financial statements, significant management judgment is required to estimate our current and deferred income tax liabilities, and our compliance with REIT qualification requirements. Our estimates are based on our interpretation of tax laws. These estimates may have an impact on the income tax expense recognized. Adjustments may be required by a change in assessment of our deferred income tax assets and liabilities, changes due to audit adjustments by federal and state tax authorities, our inability to qualify as a REIT, and changes in tax laws. Adjustments required in any given period are included within the income tax provision.
In assessing the need for a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, we estimate future taxable income, considering the feasibility of ongoing tax planning strategies and the realizability of tax loss carryforwards. In the event we were to determine that we would not be able to realize all or a portion of our deferred tax assets in the future, we would reduce such amounts through a charge to income in the period in which that determination is made. Conversely, if we were to determine that we would be able to realize our deferred tax assets in the future in excess of the net carrying amounts, we would decrease the recorded valuation allowance through an increase to income in the period in which that determination is made.
Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2008 to Year Ended December 31, 2007
Our net income available to common stockholders was $21.8 million and $131.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Basic and diluted net income available to common stockholders were $0.50 per share for the year ended December 31, 2008 and $2.99 per share for the year ended December 31, 2007.
The tables below summarize our revenues, property expenses and depreciation and other amortization by various categories for the year ended December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. Same store properties are properties owned prior to January 1, 2007 and held as an operating property through December 31, 2008 and developments and redevelopments that were placed in service prior to January 1, 2007 or were substantially completed for the 12 months prior to January 1, 2007. Properties are placed in service as they reach stabilized occupancy (generally defined as 90% occupied). Acquired properties are properties that were acquired subsequent to December 31, 2006 and held as an operating property through December 31, 2008. Sold properties are properties that were sold subsequent to December 31, 2006. (Re)Developments and land are land parcels and developments and redevelopments that were not: a) substantially complete 12 months prior to January 1, 2007 or b) stabilized prior to January 1, 2007. Other revenues are derived from the operations of our maintenance company, fees earned from our Joint Ventures and other miscellaneous revenues. Construction revenues and expenses represent revenues earned and expenses incurred in connection with the TRS acting as general contractor or development manager to construct industrial properties, including industrial properties for the 2005 Development/Repositioning Joint Venture, and also include revenues and expenses related to the development of properties for third parties. Other expenses are derived from the operations of our maintenance company and other miscellaneous regional expenses.
Our future financial condition and results of operations, including rental revenues, may be impacted by the future acquisition and sale of properties. Our future revenues and expenses may vary materially from historical rates.
For the years ended December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the occupancy rates of our same store properties were 91.1% and 91.7%, respectively.
2008 2007 $ Change % Change
($ in 000's)
REVENUES
Same Store Properties $ 288,329 $ 281,350 $ 6,979 2.5 %
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