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FPL > SEC Filings for FPL > Form 10-K on 27-Feb-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for FPL GROUP INC


27-Feb-2009

Annual Report


Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein. In the discussion of Results of Operations below, all comparisons are with the corresponding items in the prior year.

Overview

FPL Group is one of the nation's largest providers of electricity-related services. It has two principal operating subsidiaries, FPL and NextEra Energy Resources. FPL serves more than 8.7 million people throughout most of the east and lower west coasts of Florida. NextEra Energy Resources, FPL Group's competitive energy subsidiary, produces electricity primarily using natural gas, wind and nuclear resources. Together, FPL's and NextEra Energy Resources' generating assets represented approximately 39,000 mw of capacity at December 31, 2008. See Item 2 † Generating Facilities. Another of FPL Group's operating subsidiaries, FPL FiberNet, provides fiber-optic services to FPL, telecommunications companies and other customers throughout Florida.


FPL obtains its operating revenues primarily through the sale of electricity to retail customers at rates established as part of the 2005 rate agreement and through cost recovery clause mechanisms. See Note 1 - Revenues and Rates. Over the last ten years, FPL's average annual customer growth has been 2.1%. However, beginning in 2007, FPL has experienced a slowdown in retail customer growth and a decline in non-weather related usage per retail customer. Retail customer growth in 2008 was 0.3%, although during the fourth quarter of 2008 FPL experienced a decline in customer accounts of 0.2%. FPL believes that the economic slowdown, the downturn in the housing market and the credit crisis that have affected the country and the state of Florida have contributed to the slowdown in customer growth and to the decline in non-weather related usage per retail customer. In 2008, FPL experienced an increase in inactive accounts (accounts with installed meters without corresponding customer names) and in low-usage customers (customers using less than 200 kwh per month), which have contributed to the decline in retail customer growth and non-weather related usage per retail customer. In November 2008, FPL notified the FPSC that it intends to initiate a base rate proceeding in March 2009. In the notification, FPL stated that it expects to request an $800 million to $950 million annual increase in base rates beginning on January 1, 2010 and an additional annual base rate increase beginning on January 1, 2011. These amounts exclude the effects of depreciation, which depend in part on the results of a detailed depreciation study that FPL is currently finalizing. Further, FPL expects to request that the FPSC continue to allow FPL to use the mechanism for recovery of the revenue requirements of any new power plant approved pursuant to the Siting Act that was established in FPL's 2005 rate agreement. Hearings on the base rate proceeding are expected during the third quarter of 2009 and a final decision is expected by the end of 2009. The final decision may approve rates that are different from those that FPL will request. FPL's business strategy is to provide customers clean, reliable energy at rates among the lowest in the state and nation.

NextEra Energy Resources is in the competitive energy business with the majority of its operating revenues derived from wholesale electricity sales. Its business strategy is to maximize the value of its current portfolio, expand its U.S. market-leading wind position and build its portfolio through asset acquisitions. NextEra Energy Resources plans to add a total of 7,000 mw to 9,000 mw of new wind generation over the 2008 to 2012 period, of which approximately 1,300 mw were added in 2008. NextEra Energy Resources expects to add approximately 1,100 mw in 2009, of which approximately 480 mw are either under construction or have obtained applicable internal approvals for construction. In addition, NextEra Energy Resources intends to pursue opportunities for new solar generating facilities. The wind and solar expansions are subject to, among other things, continued public policy support, which includes, but is not limited to, support for the construction and availability of sufficient transmission facilities and capacity, and access to reasonable capital and credit markets. If capital and credit market conditions change, this could alter spending plans at NextEra Energy Resources.

NextEra Energy Resources' market is diversified by region as well as by fuel source. NextEra Energy Resources sells a large percentage of its expected output to hedge against price volatility. Consequently, if NextEra Energy Resources' plants do not perform as expected, NextEra Energy Resources could be required to purchase power at potentially higher market prices to meet its contractual obligations. NextEra Energy Resources' energy marketing and trading business is focused on managing commodity price risk and extracting maximum value from its assets.

FPL Group and its subsidiaries segregate into two categories unrealized mark-to-market gains and losses on energy derivative transactions which are used to manage commodity price risk. The first category, referred to as trading activities, represents the net unrealized effect of actively traded positions entered into to take advantage of market price movements and to optimize the value of generation assets and related contracts. The second category, referred to as non-qualifying hedges, represents the net unrealized effect of derivative transactions entered into as economic hedges (but which do not qualify for hedge accounting under FAS 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," as amended) and the ineffective portion of transactions accounted for as cash flow hedges. In addition, at FPL substantially all changes in the fair value of energy derivative transactions are deferred as a regulatory asset or liability until the contracts are settled, and, upon settlement, any gains or losses are passed through the fuel clause or the capacity clause.

FPL Group's management uses earnings excluding certain items (adjusted earnings) internally for financial planning, for analysis of performance, for reporting of results to the Board of Directors and as inputs in determining whether performance targets are met for performance-based compensation under FPL Group's employee incentive compensation plans. FPL Group also uses adjusted earnings when communicating its earnings outlook to investors. Adjusted earnings exclude the unrealized mark-to-market effect of non-qualifying hedges and other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses on securities held in NextEra Energy Resources' nuclear decommissioning funds, net of the reversal of previously recognized OTTI losses on securities sold and losses on securities where price recovery was deemed unlikely (collectively, OTTI reversals) and, in 2006 also excluded merger-related costs. FPL Group's management believes adjusted earnings provide a more meaningful representation of the company's fundamental earnings power. Although the excluded amounts are properly included in the determination of net income in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, management believes that the amount and/or nature of such items make period to period comparisons of operations difficult and potentially confusing.


In February 2009, the Recovery Act was signed into law. It includes approximately $787 billion in tax incentives and new spending, a portion of which relates to renewable energy, energy efficiency and energy reliability. The Recovery Act includes, among other things, provisions that allow companies building wind facilities the option to choose between three investment cost recovery mechanisms: (i) PTCs which were extended for wind facilities through 2012, (ii) investment tax credits of 30% of the cost for qualifying wind facilities placed in service prior to 2013, or (iii) an election to receive a cash grant of 30% of the cost of qualifying wind facilities placed in service in 2009 or 2010, or if construction began prior to December 31, 2010 and the wind facility is placed in service prior to 2013. An election to receive a cash grant of 30%, in lieu of the 30% investment tax credit allowable under present law, also applies to the cost of qualifying solar facilities placed in service in either 2009 or 2010, or if construction began prior to December 31, 2010 and the solar facility is placed in service prior to 2017. In addition, 50% bonus depreciation was extended on most types of property placed in service in 2009, and certain property placed in service in 2010. FPL Group and FPL are in the process of evaluating the effect of the Recovery Act on their businesses.

Results of Operations

Summary - Presented below is a summary of net income (loss) by reportable segment (see Note 16):

                                             Years Ended December 31,
                                           2008        2007        2006
                                                    (millions)

               FPL                         $   789     $   836     $   802
               NextEra Energy Resources        915         540         610
               Corporate and Other             (65 )       (64 )      (131 )
               FPL Group Consolidated      $ 1,639     $ 1,312     $ 1,281

The decrease in 2008 in FPL's results reflects lower retail customer usage, higher depreciation and interest expenses and provisions taken in 2008 for regulatory matters, partly offset by a retail base rate increase associated with Turkey Point Unit No. 5 commencing commercial operation, lower O&M expenses and higher other revenues and AFUDC † equity. FPL's 2007 improved results benefited from a retail base rate increase associated with Turkey Point Unit No. 5 and retail customer growth, partly offset by higher O&M and depreciation and amortization expenses recovered through base rates, a slight decline in retail customer usage and lower interest income on underrecovered fuel and storm costs. Disallowed storm costs, net of certain interest, reduced 2006 net income by approximately $27 million.

NextEra Energy Resources' 2008 and 2007 results reflect additional earnings from the existing portfolio, from new investments and from full energy and capacity requirements services and trading, partially offset by higher expenses to support the growth in the business. NextEra Energy Resources' results in 2007 also reflect higher interest expense and the absence of an approximately $97 million gain ($63 million after-tax) recorded in 2006 resulting from a court judgment relating to an Indonesian project that was suspended in 1998. In addition, FPL Group's and NextEra Energy Resources' net income for 2008 and 2006 reflects net unrealized after-tax gains from non-qualifying hedges of $170 million and $92 million, respectively, while 2007 net income reflects net unrealized after-tax losses from such hedges of $86 million. The change in unrealized mark-to-market activity is primarily attributable to changes in forward power and natural gas prices, as well as the reversal of previously recognized unrealized mark-to-market gains/losses as the underlying transactions are realized. As a general rule, a gain (loss) in the non-qualifying hedge category is offset by decreases (increases) in the fair value of related physical asset positions in the portfolio or contracts, which are not marked to market under generally accepted accounting principles. In 2008, 2007 and 2006, NextEra Energy Resources recorded $82 million, $6 million and $1 million, respectively, of after-tax OTTI losses on securities held in NextEra Energy Resources' nuclear decommissioning funds. In 2008, NextEra Energy Resources had approximately $6 million after-tax of OTTI reversals; there were no such OTTI reversals in 2007 or 2006.

Results for Corporate and Other in 2008 reflect higher interest expense offset by additional consolidating income tax adjustments. Results for Corporate and Other in 2007 reflect lower interest costs and higher interest income, partly offset by lower federal and state tax benefits. Results for Corporate and Other in 2006 reflect a $98 million ($60 million after-tax) impairment charge related to FPL FiberNet's metro market assets as a result of significant changes in the business climate in which FPL FiberNet operates and $14 million of after-tax merger costs associated with the proposed merger between FPL Group and Constellation Energy Group, Inc. (Constellation Energy), which was terminated in October 2006. See Note 5 - Corporate and Other for FPL FiberNet impairment charges and Note 16 for segment information.

FPL Group's effective income tax rate for all periods presented reflects PTCs for wind projects at NextEra Energy Resources. PTCs can significantly affect FPL Group's effective income tax rate depending on the amount of pretax income and wind generation. See Note 1 - Income Taxes, Note 6 and Note 11 - Sale of Differential Membership Interests.


FPL - FPL's net income for 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $789 million, $836 million and $802 million, respectively, a decrease in 2008 of $47 million and an increase in 2007 of $34 million. The decrease in 2008 reflects lower retail customer usage, higher depreciation and interest expenses and provisions taken in 2008 for regulatory matters, partly offset by a retail base rate increase associated with Turkey Point Unit No. 5 commencing commercial operation, lower O&M expenses and higher other revenues and AFUDC † equity. FPL's 2007 results benefited from a retail base rate increase associated with Turkey Point Unit No. 5 and retail customer growth. These factors were partly offset by higher O&M and depreciation and amortization expenses recovered through base rates, a slight decline in usage per retail customer and lower interest income on underrecovered fuel and storm costs. Disallowed storm costs, net of interest income recorded on 2005 storm restoration costs approved for recovery by the FPSC, reduced FPL's 2006 net income by approximately $27 million. In 2006, when considering FPL's petition to recover 2005 storm costs, the FPSC applied a different standard for recovery of 2005 costs than was used for recovery of the 2004 storm costs. This resulted in certain adjustments and disallowances of storm costs that FPL sought to recover.

FPL's current retail base rates were approved by the FPSC in 2005 and are expected to be in effect through December 31, 2009. The 2005 rate agreement provides that retail base rates will not increase during the term of the agreement except to allow recovery of the revenue requirements of any power plant approved pursuant to the Siting Act that achieves commercial operation during the term of the 2005 rate agreement. Retail base rates increased in 2007 when Turkey Point Unit No. 5 commenced commercial operation on May 1, 2007. FPL expects that retail base revenues will increase approximately $65 million in 2009 when retail base rates are changed pursuant to the 2005 rate agreement to reflect the placement in service of two West County Energy Center units, which is expected to occur by the third quarter of 2009 and fourth quarter of 2009. The 2005 rate agreement has a revenue sharing mechanism, whereby revenues from retail base operations in excess of certain thresholds will be shared with customers on the basis of two-thirds refunded to customers and one-third retained by FPL. Revenues from retail base operations in excess of a second, higher threshold (cap) will be refunded 100% to customers. The revenue sharing threshold and cap are adjusted each year. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, revenues from retail base operations did not exceed the thresholds for those years and FPL does not expect 2009 revenues to exceed the thresholds. See Note 1 - Revenues and Rates for information on the calculation of the threshold and cap and for information on FPL's regulatory ROE.

In November 2008, FPL notified the FPSC that it intends to initiate a base rate proceeding in March 2009. In the notification, FPL stated that it expects to request an $800 million to $950 million annual increase in base rates beginning on January 1, 2010 and an additional annual base rate increase beginning on January 1, 2011. These amounts exclude the effects of depreciation, which depend in part on the results of a detailed depreciation study that FPL is currently finalizing. Further, FPL expects to request that the FPSC continue to allow FPL to use the mechanism for recovery of the revenue requirements of any new power plant approved pursuant to the Siting Act that was established in FPL's 2005 rate agreement. Hearings on the base rate proceeding are expected during the third quarter of 2009 and a final decision is expected by the end of 2009. The final decision may approve rates that are different from those that FPL will request.

FPL's operating revenues consisted of the following:

                                                             Years Ended December 31,
                                                       2008            2007           2006
                                                                    (millions)

Retail base                                          $   3,738     $      3,796     $   3,657
Fuel cost recovery                                       6,202            6,162         6,573
Other cost recovery clauses and pass-through costs       1,505            1,490         1,588
Other, primarily pole attachment rentals,
transmission and wholesale sales and
customer-related fees                                      204              174           170
Total                                                $  11,649     $     11,622     $  11,988

For the year ended December 31, 2008, an increase in the average number of customers of 0.3% increased retail base revenues by approximately $9 million while a 2.7% decrease in usage per retail customer, reflecting weather conditions and other factors, decreased retail base revenues by approximately $95 million. Partly offsetting the usage decrease was an extra day of sales in 2008, as it was a leap year. In addition, a base rate increase resulting from Turkey Point Unit No. 5 commencing commercial operation on May 1, 2007 increased retail base revenues by approximately $28 million. FPL experienced a decline in retail customer growth in the latter half of 2007 and throughout 2008 as well as a decline in non-weather related retail customer usage, which FPL believes is reflective of the economic slowdown and housing crisis that has affected the country and the state of Florida. FPL is unable to predict if growth in customers and non-weather related customer usage will return to previous trends.

For the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase in the average number of customers of 2.0% increased retail base revenues by approximately $71 million. During this period, usage per retail customer decreased 0.4%. This usage decrease, as well as other factors, decreased retail base revenues by approximately $18 million. In addition, the base rate increase resulting from Turkey Point Unit No. 5 commencing commercial operation on May 1, 2007 increased 2007 retail base revenues by approximately $86 million.


Revenues from fuel and other cost recovery clauses and pass-through costs, such as franchise fees, revenue taxes and storm-related surcharges do not significantly affect net income; however, underrecovery or overrecovery of such costs can significantly affect FPL Group's and FPL's operating cash flows. Fluctuations in fuel cost recovery revenues are primarily driven by changes in fuel and energy charges which are included in fuel, purchased power and interchange expense in the consolidated statements of income, as well as by changes in energy sales. Fluctuations in revenues from other cost recovery clauses and pass-through costs are primarily driven by changes in storm-related surcharges, capacity charges, franchise fee costs, the impact of changes in O&M and depreciation expenses on the underlying cost recovery clause, as well as changes in energy sales. Capacity charges and franchise fee costs are included in fuel, purchased power and interchange and taxes other than income taxes, respectively, in the consolidated statements of income.

FPL uses a risk management fuel procurement program which was approved by the FPSC at the program's inception. The FPSC reviews the program activities and results for prudence on an annual basis as part of its annual review of fuel costs. The program is intended to manage fuel price volatility by locking in fuel prices for a portion of FPL's fuel requirements. The current regulatory asset for the change in fair value of derivative instruments used in the fuel procurement program amounted to approximately $1,109 million and $117 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase in fuel revenues in 2008 reflects approximately $230 million related to a higher average fuel factor partly offset by approximately $190 million attributable to lower energy sales. The decrease in fuel revenues in 2007 reflects approximately $484 million related to a lower average fuel factor partly offset by approximately $73 million attributable to higher energy sales.

In May 2007, a wholly owned subsidiary of FPL issued $652 million aggregate principal amount of storm-recovery bonds primarily for the after-tax equivalent of the total of FPL's unrecovered balance of 2004 storm restoration costs, the 2005 storm restoration costs and approximately $200 million to reestablish FPL's storm and property insurance reserve. The storm-recovery bonds, including interest and bond issuance costs, are being repaid through a surcharge to retail customers. Prior to the issuance of these storm-recovery bonds, FPL had been recovering from retail customers, since February 2005, the 2004 storm restoration costs through a storm damage surcharge. Both the revenues from the 2004 storm damage surcharge and the storm-recovery bonds surcharge are included in other cost recovery clauses and pass-through costs and amounted to approximately $97 million, $94 million and $151 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. See Note 9 - FPL. Revenues from other cost recovery clauses and pass-through costs also declined in 2007 due to the absence in 2007 of the recovery of a portion of litigation costs that FPL had been recovering since 2002 through the capacity clause. See discussion below of depreciation and amortization expense. Beginning in 2009, revenues from the nuclear cost recovery rule will be included in revenues from other cost recovery clauses and pass-through costs.

The major components of FPL's fuel, purchased power and interchange expense are as follows:

                                                             Years Ended December 31,
                                                        2008            2007           2006
                                                                     (millions)

Fuel and energy charges during the period            $    6,289     $      6,259     $   5,662
Net collection of previously deferred retail fuel
costs                                                         -                -           906
Net deferral of retail fuel costs                           (55 )            (56 )           -
Other, primarily capacity charges net of any
capacity deferral                                           515              523           548
Total                                                $    6,749     $      6,726     $   7,116

The increase in fuel and energy charges in 2008 reflects higher fuel and energy prices of approximately $224 million partly offset by approximately $194 million attributable to lower energy sales. The increase in fuel and energy charges in 2007 reflects higher fuel and energy prices of approximately $532 million and approximately $65 million attributable to higher energy sales. At December 31, 2008, approximately $256 million of retail fuel costs were deferred pending collection from retail customers in a subsequent period. The increase from December 31, 2007 to December 31, 2008 in deferred clause and franchise expenses and the decrease in deferred clause and franchise revenues (current and noncurrent, collectively) on FPL Group's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets totaled approximately $110 million and negatively affected FPL Group's and FPL's cash flows from operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2008.


FPL's O&M expenses decreased $16 million in 2008 reflecting lower insurance, employee benefit and distribution costs of approximately $47 million, $11 million and $10 million, respectively. These decreases were partly offset by higher nuclear generation, fossil generation, transmission and customer service costs of approximately $21 million, $4 million, $3 million and $20 million, respectively, as well as a reserve for ongoing regulatory matters. The decline in insurance costs was primarily due to the termination by mutual agreement of an environmental insurance policy. The decline in employee benefit costs reflects a higher pension credit as well as lower benefits due to declining market conditions, partly offset by higher medical costs. The decline in distribution costs reflects cost reduction efforts and efficiencies as well as reduced work load due to the decline in customer growth partly offset by severance costs incurred in 2008. The increase in nuclear generation costs reflects plant improvement initiatives to ensure long-term reliable operations. The fossil generation increase reflects costs associated with plant maintenance, while the transmission increase reflects additional improvement activities. The customer service cost increase is primarily due to higher uncollectible accounts. Other changes in O&M expenses were primarily driven by pass-through costs which did not significantly affect net income. Management expects O&M expenses in 2009 to exceed the 2008 level primarily due to the absence of the environmental insurance policy termination as well as higher expected nuclear, fossil generation, transmission, customer service and employee benefit costs.

FPL's O&M expenses increased $80 million in 2007 reflecting higher nuclear, fossil generation, distribution, customer service and employee benefits costs of approximately $23 million, $11 million, $11 million, $7 million and $17 million, respectively. The increase in nuclear costs reflects plant improvement initiatives to ensure long-term reliable operations while the fossil generation increase reflects costs associated with placing Turkey Point Unit No. 5 in service as well as costs associated with plant repair and a performance payment made to an owner of a jointly-owned plant. The distribution increase reflects higher storm preparation costs partly offset by lower new service account costs reflecting a decline in housing starts in FPL's territory. The customer service increase reflects staffing increases related to customer growth and higher uncollectible accounts. Other changes in O&M expenses were primarily driven by pass-through costs which did not significantly affect net income.

Depreciation and amortization expense in 2008 increased $23 million, reflecting higher depreciation on transmission and distribution facilities (collectively, approximately $20 million) and higher depreciation on fossil generation assets of $10 million, primarily Turkey Point Unit No. 5 which was placed in service in May 2007. In addition, depreciation on nuclear assets was higher by approximately $4 million primarily due to the steam generator and reactor vessel head replacements at St. Lucie Unit No. 2, which were substantially completed by late 2007. The remaining change in 2008 depreciation and amortization expense is primarily due to the absence of amortization of software and other property that . . .

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