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| DTE > SEC Filings for DTE > Form 10-K on 27-Feb-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
27-Feb-2009
Annual Report
OVERVIEW
DTE Energy is a diversified energy company with 2008 operating revenues in excess of $9 billion and over $24 billion in assets. We are the parent company of Detroit Edison and MichCon, regulated electric and gas utilities engaged primarily in the business of providing electricity and natural gas sales, distribution and storage services throughout southeastern Michigan. We operate four energy-related non-utility segments with operations throughout the United States.
The following table summarizes our financial results:
2008 2007 2006
(In millions, except earnings per share)
Income from continuing operations $ 526 $ 787 $ 389
Diluted earnings per common share from continuing operations $ 3.23 $ 4.62 $ 2.18
Net income $ 546 $ 971 $ 433
Diluted earnings per common share $ 3.36 $ 5.70 $ 2.43
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The decrease in 2008 from 2007 was primarily due to approximately $370 million in net income resulting from the 2007 gain on the sale of the Antrim shale gas exploration and production business of $900 million ($580 million after-tax), partially offset by losses recognized on related hedges of $323 million ($210 million
after-tax), including recognition of amounts previously recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income during 2007. Net income in 2008 was also impacted by a gain of $128 million ($81 million after-tax) on the sale of a portion of the Barnett shale properties.
The items discussed below influenced our current financial performance and may affect future results:
• Impacts of national and regional economic conditions on utility operations;
• Effects of weather on utility operations;
• Collectibility of accounts receivable on utility operations;
• Impact of regulatory decisions on utility operations;
• Impact of legislation on utility operations;
• Fluctuations in market demand on coal supply;
• Challenges associated with nuclear fuel;
• Monetization of portions of our Unconventional Gas Production business;
• Discontinuance of planned monetization of a portion of our Power and Industrial Projects business;
• Results in our Energy Trading business;
• Discontinuance of the Synthetic Fuel business; and
• Required environmental and reliability-related capital investments.
UTILITY OPERATIONS
Our Electric Utility segment consists of Detroit Edison, which is engaged in the generation, purchase, distribution and sale of electricity to approximately 2.2 million customers in southeastern Michigan.
Our Gas Utility segment consists of MichCon and Citizens. MichCon is engaged in the purchase, storage, transmission, distribution and sale of natural gas to approximately 1.2 million residential, commercial and industrial customers throughout Michigan. MichCon also has subsidiaries involved in the gathering, processing and transmission of natural gas in northern Michigan. Citizens distributes natural gas in Adrian, Michigan to approximately 17,000 customers.
Impact of national and regional economic conditions on our utility operations - Revenues from our utility operations follow the economic cycles of the customers we serve. Our utilities provide services to the domestic automotive industry which is under considerable financial distress, exacerbating the decline in regional conditions. In 2008, Detroit Edison experienced a decline in sales in its service territory as compared to 2007. We expect this decline to continue in 2009. As discussed further below, deteriorating economic conditions impact our ability to collect amounts due from our customers of our electric and gas utilities and drive higher levels of lost and stolen natural gas at MichCon. In the face of the economic conditions, we are actively managing our cash, capital expenditures, cost structure and liquidity to maintain our financial strength.
Effects of Weather on Utility Operations - Earnings from our utility operations are seasonal and very sensitive to weather. Electric utility earnings are primarily dependent on hot summer weather, while the gas utility's results are primarily dependent on cold winter weather. During the year ended December 31, 2008 we experienced colder weather than the year ended December 31, 2007.
Additionally, we frequently experience various types of storms that damage our electric distribution infrastructure, resulting in power outages. Restoration and other costs associated with storm-related power outages lowered pre-tax earnings by $61 million in 2008, $68 million in 2007 and $46 million in 2006.
Collectibility of Accounts Receivable on Utility Operations - Both utilities continue to experience high levels of past due receivables, which is primarily attributable to economic conditions including high levels of
unemployment and home foreclosures. High energy prices and a lack of adequate levels of assistance for low-income customers have also impacted our accounts receivable.
We have taken actions to manage the level of past due receivables, including customer disconnections, contracting with collection agencies and working with Michigan officials and others to increase the share of low-income funding allocated to our customers.
Our uncollectible accounts expense for the two utilities increased to $213 million in 2008 from $135 million in 2007 and from $123 million in 2006.
The April 2005 MPSC gas rate order provided for an uncollectible true-up mechanism for MichCon. The uncollectible true-up mechanism enables MichCon to recover ninety percent of the difference between the actual uncollectible expense for each year and $37 million after an annual reconciliation proceeding before the MPSC. The MPSC approved the 2005 annual reconciliation in December 2006, allowing MichCon to surcharge $11 million beginning in January 2007. The MPSC approved the 2006 annual reconciliation in December 2007, allowing MichCon to surcharge $33 million beginning in January 2008. In December 2008, MichCon received authorization to surcharge $34 million, including a $1 million uncollected balance from the 2005 surcharge, beginning in January 2009. We accrue interest income on the outstanding balances.
Impact of Regulatory Decisions on Utility Operations - On December 23, 2008, the MPSC issued an order in Detroit Edison's February 20, 2008 updated rate case filing. The MPSC approved an annual revenue increase of $84 million effective January 14, 2009 or a 2.0% average increase in Detroit Edison's annual revenue requirement for 2009. Included in the approved $84 million increase in revenues was a return on equity of 11% on an expected 49% equity and 51% debt capital structure.
Other key aspects of the MPSC order include the following:
• In order to more accurately reflect the actual cost of providing service to business customers, the MPSC adopted an immediate 39% phase out of the residential rate subsidy, with the remaining amount to be eliminated in equal installments over the next five years, every October 1.
• Accepted Detroit Edison's proposal to reinstate and modify the tracking mechanism on Electric Choice sales (CIM) with a base level of 1,561 GWh. The modified mechanism will not have a cap on the amount recoverable.
• Terminated the Pension Equalization Mechanism.
• Approved an annual reconciliation mechanism to track expenses associated with restoration costs (storm and non-storm related expenses) and line clearance expenses. Annual reconciliations will be required using a base expense level of $110 million and $51 million, respectively.
• Approved Detroit Edison's proposal to recover a return on $15 million in working capital associated with the preparation of an application for a new nuclear generation facility at its current Fermi 2 site.
The MPSC issued an order on August 31, 2006 approving a settlement agreement providing for an annualized rate reduction of $53 million for 2006 for Detroit Edison, effective September 5, 2006. Beginning January 1, 2007, and continuing until April 13, 2008, rates were reduced by an additional $26 million, for a total reduction of $79 million annually. Detroit Edison experienced a rate reduction of approximately $76 million in 2007 and approximately $25 million during the period the rate reduction was in effect for 2008, as a result of this order. The revenue reduction was net of the recovery of costs associated with the Performance Excellence Process. The settlement agreement provided for some level of realignment of the existing rate structure by allocating a larger percentage of the rate reduction to the commercial and industrial customer classes than to the residential customer classes.
In August 2006, MichCon filed an application with the MPSC requesting permission to sell base gas that would become accessible with storage facilities upgrades. In December 2006, MichCon filed its 2007-2008 GCR plan case proposing a maximum GCR factor of $8.49 per Mcf. In August 2007, a settlement agreement in this proceeding was approved by the MPSC that provides for a sharing with customers of the proceeds from the sale of base gas. In addition, the agreement provides for a rate case filing moratorium until January 1, 2009,
unless certain unanticipated changes occur that impact income by more than
$5 million. MichCon's gas storage enhancement projects, the main subject of the
aforementioned settlement, have enabled 17 billion cubic feet (Bcf) of gas to
become available for cycling. Under the settlement terms, MichCon delivered
13.4 Bcf of this gas to its customers through 2007 at a savings to market-priced
supplies of approximately $41 million. This settlement also provided for MichCon
to retain the proceeds from the sale of 3.6 Bcf of base gas, of which MichCon
sold 0.75 Bcf of base gas in 2007 at a pre-tax gain of $5 million and 2.84 Bcf
in December 2008 at a pre-tax gain of $22 million. In July 2008, MichCon filed
an application with the MPSC requesting permission to sell an additional 4 Bcf
of base gas that will become available for sale as a result of better than
expected operations at its storage fields. MichCon proposed to sell 1.3 Bcf of
the base gas to GCR customers during the 2009-2010 GCR period at cost and to
sell the remaining 2.7 Bcf to non-system supply customers in 2009 at market
prices. MichCon requested that the MPSC treat the proceeds from the sale of the
2.7 Bcf of base gas to non-system supply customers as a one-time increase in
MichCon's net income and not include the proceeds in the calculation of
MichCon's revenue requirements in future rate cases.
Impact of Legislation on Utility Operations - On September 18, 2008, the Michigan House of Representatives and Michigan Senate passed a package of bills to establish a comprehensive, sustainable, long-term energy plan for Michigan. The Governor of Michigan signed the bills on October 6, 2008.
The package of bills includes:
• 2008 Public Act (PA) 286 that reforms Michigan's utility regulatory framework, including the electric Customer Choice program,
• 2008 PA 295 that establishes a renewable portfolio / energy optimization standard and provides a funding mechanism, and
• 2008 PA 287 that provides for an income tax credit for the purchase of energy efficient appliances and a credit to offset a portion of the renewable charge.
2008 PA 286 makes the following changes in the regulatory framework for Michigan utilities.
• Electric Customer Choice reform - The bill establishes a 10 percent limit on participation in the electric Customer Choice program. In general, customers representing 10 percent of a utility's load may receive electric generation from an electric supplier that is not a utility. After that threshold is met, the remaining customers will remain on full, bundled utility service. As of December 31, 2008, approximately 3 percent of Detroit Edison's load was on the electric Customer Choice program. The bill also allows continuation of prior MPSC policies for customers to return to full utility service.
• Cost-of-service based electric rates (deskewing) - The bill requires the MPSC to set rates based on cost-of-service for all customer classes, eliminating over a five-year period the current subsidy by businesses of residential customer rates. This provision does not change total revenue for Detroit Edison. It lowers rates for most commercial and industrial customers and increases rates for residential and certain other industrial customers to match the actual cost of service for each customer class. Rate changes will be phased in over five years, with a 2.5% annual cap on residential rate increases due to deskewing beginning January 1, 2009. Rates for schools and other qualified educational institutions will be set at their cost of service sooner.
• File and use ratemaking - The bill establishes a 12 month deadline for the MPSC to complete a rate case and allows a utility to self-implement rate changes six months after a rate filing, subject to certain limitations. If the final case order leads to lower rates than the utility had self-implemented, the utility will refund with interest, the difference. In addition, utility rate cases may be based on a forward test year. The bill also has provisions designed to help the MPSC obtain increased funding for additional staff.
• Certificate of Need process for major capital investments - The bill establishes a certificate of need process for capital projects costing more than $500 million. The process requires the MPSC to review for prudence, prior to construction, proposed investments in new generating assets, acquisitions of existing power plants, major upgrades of power plants, and long-term power purchase agreements. The
bill increases the certainty for utilities to recover the cost of projects approved by the MPSC and provides for the utilities to recover interest expenses during construction.
• Merger & Acquisition approval - The bill grants the MPSC the authority to review and approve proposed utility mergers and acquisitions in Michigan and sets out evaluation criteria.
2008 PA 295 establishes renewable energy and energy optimization (energy efficiency, energy conservation or load management) programs in Michigan and provides for a separate funding surcharge to pay the cost of those programs. In accordance with the new law, the MPSC issued a temporary order on December 4, 2008 implementing this act. Within 90 days following the issuance of the temporary order, Detroit Edison is required to file a Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) plan with the MPSC. In addition, Detroit Edison and MichCon are required to file Energy Optimization plans with the MPSC.
Renewable Energy Standard
• The bill requires electric providers to source 10% of electricity sold to retail customers from renewable energy resources by 2015.
• Qualifying renewable energy resources include wind, biomass, solar, hydro, and geothermal, among others.
• Detroit Edison will be required to have a renewable energy capacity portfolio of 300MW by December 31, 2013 and 600MW by December 31, 2015.
• The MPSC will establish a per meter surcharge to fund the renewable energy requirements. The recovery mechanism starts prior to actual construction in order to smooth the rate impact for customers.
• The bill allows for the lowering of compliance if RPS costs exceed the surcharge/cost cap or if other specified factors adversely affect the availability of renewable energy.
• The bill specifies that a utility can build or have others build and later sell to the utility up to 50 percent of the generation required to meet the RPS. The other 50 percent would be contracted through power purchase agreements.
• The bill also provides for a net metering program to be established by MPSC order for on-site customer-owned renewable generation up to 1% of an electric utility's load.
Energy Optimization Standard
• Requires utilities to create electric and natural gas energy optimization plans for each customer class and includes funding surcharges as well as the potential for incentives for exceeding performance goals.
• For electric sales, the program targets 0.3 percent annual savings in 2009, ramping up to 1 percent annual savings by 2012. Savings percentages are based on prior year retail sales.
• For natural gas sales, the targeted annual savings start at 0.1 percent in 2009 and ramp up to 0.75 percent by 2012.
• The MPSC will allow utilities to capitalize certain costs of their energy optimization program. The costs which can be capitalized include equipment, materials, installation costs and customer incentives.
• Incentives are potentially available for exceeding annual program targets. The financial incentive could be the lesser of 25% of the net cost reduction to our customers or 15% of total program spend, subject to MPSC approval.
• The bill would also allow a natural gas utility that spends at least 0.5 percent of its revenues on energy efficiency programs to implement a symmetrical decoupling true-up mechanism that adjusts for sales volumes that are above or below the level reflected in its gas distribution rates.
• By March 2016, the MPSC may suspend the program if it determines the program is no longer cost-effective.
Impact of Increased Market Demand on Coal Supply - Our generating fleet produces approximately 79% of its electricity from coal. Increasing coal demand from domestic and international markets has resulted in volatility and higher prices which are passed to our customers through the PSCR mechanism. The demand and price volatility have been dampened by the recent economic downturn, but are expected to increase as the economy improves. In addition, difficulty in recruiting workers, obtaining environmental permits and finding economically recoverable amounts of new coal have resulted in decreasing coal output from the central Appalachian region. Furthermore, as a result of environmental regulation and declining eastern coal stocks, demand for cleaner burning western coal has increased.
Challenges Associated with Nuclear Fuel - We operate one nuclear facility (Fermi
2) that undergoes a periodic refueling outage approximately every eighteen
months. Uranium prices have been rising due to supply concerns. In the future,
there may be additional nuclear facilities constructed in the industry that may
place additional pressure on uranium supplies and prices. We have a contract
with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for the future storage and disposal of
spent nuclear fuel from Fermi 2. We are obligated to pay the DOE a fee of 1 mill
per kWh of Fermi 2 electricity generated and sold; this fee is a component of
nuclear fuel expense. Delays have occurred in the DOE's program for the
acceptance and disposal of spent nuclear fuel at a permanent repository. We are
a party in litigation against the DOE for both past and future costs associated
with the DOE's failure to accept spent nuclear fuel under the timetable set
forth in the Federal Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982. Until the DOE is able to
fulfill its obligation under the contract, we are responsible for the spent
nuclear fuel storage and have begun work on an on-site dry cask storage
facility.
NON-UTILITY OPERATIONS
We have made significant investments in non-utility asset-intensive businesses. We employ disciplined investment criteria when assessing opportunities that leverage our assets, skills and expertise. Specifically, we invest in targeted energy markets with attractive competitive dynamics where meaningful scale is in alignment with our risk profile. As part of a strategic review of our non-utility operations, we have taken various actions including the sale of certain non-utility businesses.
Gas Midstream
Gas Midstream owns partnership interests in two interstate transmission pipelines and two natural gas storage fields. The pipeline and storage assets are primarily supported by long-term, fixed-price revenue contracts. We have a partnership interest in Vector Pipeline (Vector), an interstate transmission pipeline, which connects Michigan to Chicago and Ontario. We also hold partnership interests in Millennium Pipeline Company which indirectly connects southern New York State to Upper Midwest/Canadian supply, while providing transportation service into the New York City markets. We have storage assets in Michigan capable of storing up to 87 Bcf in natural gas storage fields located in Southeast Michigan. The Washington 10 and 28 storage facilities are high deliverability storage fields having bi-directional interconnections with Vector Pipeline and MichCon providing our customers access to the Chicago, Michigan, other Midwest and Ontario market centers. The pipeline business is expanding and building new pipeline capacity to serve markets in Northeast United States.
Unconventional Gas Production
Our Unconventional Gas Production business is engaged in natural gas exploration, development and production within the Barnett shale in north Texas. We continue to develop our position here, with total leasehold acreage of 62,395 (60,435 acres, net of interest of others). We continue to acquire select positions in active development areas in the Barnett shale to optimize our existing portfolio.
Monetization of Portions of our Unconventional Gas Production Business - In 2008, we sold a portion of our Barnett shale properties for gross proceeds of approximately $260 million. The properties sold included 75 Bcfe of proved reserves on approximately 11,000 net acres in the core area of the Barnett shale. The Company recognized a cumulative pre-tax gain of $128 million ($81 million after-tax) on the sale during 2008.
We plan to continue to develop our holdings in the western portion of the Barnett shale and to seek opportunities for additional monetization of select properties within our Barnett shale holdings, when conditions are appropriate. We invested approximately $96 million in the Barnett shale in 2008 and expect to invest approximately $25 million in 2009. During 2009, we expect to drill 15 to 25 new wells and achieve Barnett shale production of approximately 5-6 Bcfe of natural gas, compared with approximately 5 Bcfe in 2008.
As a component of our risk management strategy for our Barnett shale reserves, we hedged a portion of anticipated production from our reserves to secure an attractive investment return. As of December 31, 2008, we have a series of cash flow hedges for approximately 3.2 Bcf of anticipated Barnett gas production through 2010 at an average price of $7.33 per Mcf.
Texas - Barnett Shale
2008 2007 2006
Net Producing Wells
Held for sale - 33 27
Held for use 155 120 83
Total 155 153 110
Production Volume (Bcfe)
Held for sale - 4.7 2.8
Held for use 5.0 3.0 1.3
Total 5.0 7.7 4.1
Proved Reserves (Bcfe)(1)
Held for sale - 75 60
Held for use 167 144 111
Total 167 219 171
Net Developed Acreage(1)
Held for sale - 4,987 3,977
Held for use(2) 14,248 9,880 10,693
Total 14,248 14,867 14,670
Net Undeveloped Acreage(1)
Held for sale - 5,809 6,164
Held for use(2) 46,187 38,066 27,613
Total 46,187 43,875 33,777
Capital Expenditures (in Millions)(3)
Held for sale $ - $ 45 $ 67
Held for use 96 95 61
Total $ 96 $ 140 $ 128
Future Undiscounted Net Cash Flows (in Millions)(4)
Held for sale $ - $ 282 $ 167
Held for use 324 521 305
Total $ 324 $ 803 $ 472
Average gas price (per Mcf) $ 8.69 $ 6.29 $ 5.66
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(1) Due to the impairment of acreage and wells in the southern expansion area of the Barnett shale during 2007, the proved reserves and acreage numbers above do not include the southern area. Total net acreage related to impaired leases in the southern expansion area was 23,659 acres and 32,083 acres for the years
2007 and 2006, respectively. In 2008, an impairment was recorded on approximately 5,600 acres within the western expansion of the Barnett Shale. Impaired acreage and wells are not included in the table above.
(2) Developed acreage for continuing operations shows a decrease from 2006 to 2007, which reflects the Company's experience that spacing of wells in the Barnett shale has been reduced over the years. This reduced spacing estimate drives a shift from developed to undeveloped acreage counts. We continue to expand our total position in the western expansion area of the Barnett shale.
(3) Excludes sold and impaired assets in southern expansion area of the Barnett shale.
(4) Represents the standardized measure of undiscounted future net cash flows utilizing extensive estimates. The estimated future net cash flow computations should not be considered to represent our estimate of the expected revenues or the current value of existing proved reserves and do not include the impact of hedge contracts.
Power and Industrial Projects
Power and Industrial Projects is comprised primarily of projects that deliver energy and utility-type products and services to industrial, commercial and institutional customers; provide coal transportation and marketing; and sell electricity from biomass-fired energy projects. This business segment provides utility-type services using project assets usually located on or near the customers' premises in the steel, automotive, pulp and paper, airport and other industries.
Services provided include pulverized coal, petroleum coke and metallurgical coke . . .
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