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CCRT > SEC Filings for CCRT > Form 10-K on 25-Feb-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for COMPUCREDIT CORP


25-Feb-2009

Annual Report


ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Item 6, "Selected Financial Data," and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included therein where certain terms have been defined.

This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations includes forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current plans, expectations and beliefs about future events. There are risks that our actual experience will differ materially from the expectations and beliefs reflected in the forward-looking statements in this section. See "Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements."

OVERVIEW

We are a provider of various credit and related financial services and products to or associated with the financially underserved consumer credit market-a market represented by credit risks that regulators classify as "sub-prime." We traditionally have served this market principally through our marketing and solicitation of credit card accounts and other credit products and our servicing of various receivables underlying both originated and acquired accounts. We contract with third-party financial institutions pursuant to which the financial institutions issue general purpose consumer credit cards and we purchase the receivables relating to such accounts on a daily basis. We market to cardholders other ancillary products, including credit and identity theft monitoring, health discount programs, shopping discount programs, debt waivers and life insurance. Our product and service offerings also include small-balance, short-term cash advance loans-generally less than $500 (or the equivalent thereof in the British pound for pound-denominated loans) for 30 days or less and to which we refer as "micro-loans"); these loans are marketed through various channels, including retail branch locations and the Internet. We also originate auto loans through franchised and independent auto dealers, purchase and/or service auto loans from or for a pre-qualified network of dealers in the buy-here, pay-here used car business and sell used automobiles through our own buy-here, pay-here lots. Lastly, our licensed debt collections subsidiary purchases and collects previously charged-off receivables from us, the trusts that we service and third parties.

The most significant changes to our business during the year ended December 31, 2008 were:

· the sale of our Texas retail micro-loan operations;

· the ongoing difficulties in the liquidity markets that prevented us from raising new funds in order to originate loans, thereby causing us to reduce credit card marketing levels to test levels only, to reduce credit lines and close some accounts, and to continue with our expense paring efforts;

· the decreases in our advance rates and increased pricing for debt facilities within our Auto Finance segment, thereby causing us to recognize a goodwill impairment charge of $29.2 million in the third quarter of 2008;

· the September 2008 amendments to one of our lower-tier originated portfolio master trust facilities to decrease capacity and advance rates within the facility, increase pricing under the facility and extend the maturity date of the facility through October 2010;

· our repurchases of convertible senior notes in the second and fourth quarters resulting in net gains of $28.4 million and $83.8 million, respectively, within those quarters;

· Encore's failure to purchase certain previously charged-off accounts under its forward flow contract with us, alleging our breaches of certain representations and warranties set forth in the contract;

· the occurrence of significant adverse third and fourth quarter 2008 foreign currency transaction and translation adjustments due to the rise in the U.S. dollar against the British pound in those quarters; and

· the commencement and settlement of litigation against us by the FDIC and FTC that is discussed elsewhere in this Report.

The most critical of these developments is the disruption that we continue to see in global liquidity markets and the ongoing malaise in the world economy. As is customary in our industry, we finance most of our credit card receivables through the asset-backed securitization markets-markets that worsened significantly in 2008. While we extended our principal lower-tier credit card securitization facility out to October 2010 in the third quarter of 2008-albeit at a reduced advance rate with increased pricing-we are concerned that the traditional securitization markets may not return to any degree of efficient and effective functionality for us for the foreseeable future. As a result, we currently do not possess the financing capacity or liquidity necessary to grow our originated credit card receivables portfolios,


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and we are closely monitoring and managing our liquidity position by marketing only at test levels in very discrete areas and taking a variety of account management actions (including credit line reductions and account closures) and other actions (including reducing our overhead infrastructure, which was built to accommodate higher account originations and managed receivables levels) in an effort to preserve cash. Some of these actions, while prudent to preserve liquidity, have the effect of reducing our profitability. For example, in an environment in which funding is available, we ordinarily would be seeking to market new accounts and expand credit lines for our most profitable consumers, but in the current environment, our liquidity situation mandates that we reduce our credit lines and exposure-even to our most profitable customers.

Lower real estate and other asset values and higher rates of job loss and overall unemployment have resulted from the current global liquidity crisis and recently have begun to translate into reduced payment rates within the credit card industry generally and for us specifically. Should we experience an extended period of reduced or worsening payment rates, the cash flows to us from our securitization trusts could be significantly curtailed (e.g., the terms of our securitization facilities might require them to accumulate or retain cash or use it to repay investor notes on an accelerated basis, rather than distribute it to us). The curtailment of the cash that we receive, combined with the fact that we now are already accumulating cash within our upper-tier originated portfolio master trust for the September 2009 scheduled maturity of a term securitization facility, could require us to reduce our personnel, overhead and other costs to levels that could impact the values of our retained interests in our securitized credit card receivables and result in impairments.

Our credit card and other operations are heavily regulated, and over time we change how we conduct our operations either in response to regulation or in keeping with our goals of continuing to lead the industry in the application of consumer-friendly credit card practices. For example, during the third and fourth quarters of 2006 we discontinued billing finance charges and fees on credit card accounts that become ninety or more days delinquent. This change had significant adverse effects on our fourth quarter 2006 and first quarter 2007 managed receivables net interest margins and other income ratios. Also, throughout 2007, we made certain changes to our collections programs and practices and changes to our billing and fee crediting practices in connection with our efforts to address negative amortization regulatory requirements; those changes had the effect of increasing our delinquencies and charge-off levels and ratios and decreasing our net interest margins and other income ratios. Because our account management practices are evolutionary and dynamic, it is possible that we may make further changes to these practices, some of which may produce positive and some of which may produce adverse effects on our operating results and financial position.

Commencing in June 2006, the FDIC began investigating the policies, practices and procedures used in connection with our credit card originating financial institution relationships. In December 2006, the FTC commenced a related investigation. As a result of these investigations, on June 10, 2008, the FTC commenced an action against us and one of our subsidiaries in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, which was entitled Federal Trade Commission vs. CompuCredit et al., Case No. 1:08ev01976-BBM-RGV, and the FDIC commenced three administrative proceedings against us (each of which was assigned dual case numbers), Nos. FDIC-08-139b, FDIC-08-140k, FDIC-07-256b, FDIC-07-257k, FDIC 07-228b and FDIC-07-260k, two of which also were against issuing banks that did not reach agreement with the FDIC. One of these two issuing banks has settled its dispute with the FDIC. In general, the actions alleged that we and our bank partners overstated the amount of available credit and inadequately disclosed up-front fees and that one of our subsidiaries misrepresented when certain new credit cards would be issued and certain previously charged-off balances would be reported to the credit bureaus as "paid in full" and utilized prohibited telephone collection practices.

In December 2008, we entered into a settlement agreement with the FDIC and the FTC to resolve their asserted litigation claims regarding our credit card marketing practices. The settlement covers customers throughout the United States and provides that we will credit approximately $114 million to certain customer accounts that were opened between 2001 and 2005 and subsequently charged off or were closed with no purchase activity. This amount involves mostly non-cash credits-in effect, reversals of amounts for which payments were never received. Cash refunds to consumers are estimated to be approximately $3.7 million, and we also paid $2.4 million to the U.S. Treasury. Exclusive of the $2.4 million paid to the U.S. Treasury (the income effects of which are included in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations), we currently have $7.5 million accrued to cover the remaining expected fee reversals, cash refunds and additional related costs.

Subject to the availability of liquidity to us at attractive terms and pricing, which is difficult if not impossible to obtain in the current market, our shareholders should expect us to continue to evaluate and pursue for acquisition additional credit card receivables portfolios, and potentially other financial assets that are complementary to our financially underserved credit card business. Additionally, given that financing for growth and acquisitions currently is constrained, our shareholders should expect us to pursue less capital intensive activities, like servicing credit card receivables and other assets for third parties (and in which we have limited or no equity interests), that allow us to leverage our expertise and infrastructure. Our focus is on making good economic decisions that will result in high returns on equity to our shareholders over a long-term horizon, even if these decisions may result in volatile earnings under GAAP-such as in the case of incurring significant marketing expenses in one particular quarter to facilitate expected future long-term growth and profitability or in the case of the current gain-on-sale accounting requirements for securitizations under Statement


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of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140, "Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities," ("Statement No. 140"). For further discussion of our historic results and the impact of securitization accounting on our results, see the "Results of Operations" and "Liquidity, Funding and Capital Resources" sections below, as well as our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included herein.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

                                                                                 Income increases     Income increases
                                                                                 (decreases) from     (decreases) from
(In thousands)                       2008           2007            2006           2007 to 2008         2006 to 2007
Earnings:
Total interest income             $   97,989     $   462,766     $   297,985     $       (364,777 )   $         164,781
Interest expense                     (42,772 )       (81,516 )       (52,472 )             38,744               (29,044 )
Fees and related income on
non-securitized earning assets:
Retail micro-loan fees                76,678          96,323          86,422              (19,645 )               9,901
Internet micro-loan fees              42,623           9,772               -               32,851                 9,772
Fees on non-securitized credit
card receivables                       6,367         673,916         436,697             (667,549 )             237,219
Income on investments in
previously charged-off
receivables                           38,816          57,613          41,811              (18,797 )              15,802
Gross profit on auto sales            32,389          10,754               -               21,635                10,754
(Losses) gains on investments
in securities                         (6,622 )       (70,042 )         6,674               63,420               (76,716 )
Other                                  6,115          12,593           9,889               (6,478 )               2,704
Other operating income:
Securitization gains                       -         106,489           6,193             (106,489 )             100,296
Income from retained interest
in credit card receivables
securitized                         (137,032 )       176,040         173,670             (313,072 )               2,370
Fees on securitized receivables       28,527          18,957          20,369                9,570                (1,412 )
Servicing income                     181,883          96,944          89,100               84,939                 7,844
Ancillary and interchange
revenues                              55,283          67,840          43,293              (12,557 )              24,547
Gain on repurchase of
convertible senior notes             112,240               -               -              112,240                     -
Equity in income of
equity-method investees               22,319          34,360         106,883              (12,041 )             (72,523 )
Total Revenue                     $  514,803     $ 1,672,809     $ 1,266,514     $     (1,158,006 )   $         406,295
Provision for loan losses             72,262         958,858         506,118              886,596              (452,740 )
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits                 67,434          74,371          49,564                6,937               (24,807 )
Card and loan servicing              281,774         307,842         234,963               26,068               (72,879 )
Marketing and solicitation            46,376         141,635         109,748               95,259               (31,887 )
Depreciation                          32,667          42,433          25,964                9,766               (16,469 )
Goodwill impairment                   30,868          48,449          10,546               17,581               (37,903 )
Other                                124,959         131,485         109,516                6,526               (21,969 )
Minority interest                     (2,145 )         1,600          12,898                3,745                11,298

Year Ended December 31, 2008, Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007

Total interest income. Total interest income consists primarily of finance charges and late fees earned on loans and fees receivable we have not securitized in off-balance-sheet securitization transactions-principally from our lower-tier credit card receivables until our securitization of them in December 2007 and from our Auto Finance segment. The decreases are primarily due to our December 2007 securitization of our lower-tier credit card receivables. We reported $358.8 million of total interest income on these receivables during the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, while income associated with our retained interest in the securitization trust underlying these receivables now is reported exclusively within fees and related income on securitized earning assets on our consolidated statements of operations.


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Also included within total interest income (under the other category on our consolidated statements of operations) is interest income we earned on our various investments in debt securities, including interest earned on bonds distributed to us from our equity-method investees and on our subordinated, certificated interest in the Embarcadero Trust. Principal amortization caused a reduction in interest income levels associated with some of our bonds and the Embarcadero Trust interest. Moreover, our reduced holdings of bonds issued by other third-party asset-backed securitizations contributed further to our reduced other interest income levels compared to those experienced in 2007. Subsequent to the end of our second quarter of 2008, we liquidated our remaining investments in third-party asset-backed securities in response to margin calls; as such, we do not have any continuing interest income associated with these investments.

For the above-noted reasons, our ongoing total interest income is expected to be lower than experienced in prior years. Additionally, due to tightening liquidity, we significantly restricted growth within our Auto Finance segment during the third quarter of 2008, and absent our obtaining additional financing at attractive terms and pricing, we expect interest income within our Auto Finance segment to decline with net liquidations in its receivables levels for the foreseeable future.

Interest expense. The decreases are primarily due to our December 2007 securitization of our lower-tier credit card receivables. Interest expense associated with these receivables was $32.3 million (including deferred loan costs) for the year ended December 31, 2007; whereas, all interest costs associated with these receivables now are borne by our lower-tier originated portfolio master trust. Income associated with our retained interest in this securitization trust (net of interest costs) is reported exclusively within fees and related income on securitized earning assets on our consolidated statements of operations. Another significant contributor to our declining interest expense levels is the reduced levels of collateralized financing associated with our investments in third-party asset-backed securitizations. With our disposition of these investments immediately after the close of our second quarter of 2008, we will not incur any further interest costs associated with the financing of these investments.

We did, however, experience higher interest costs within our MEM, U.K.-based, Internet, micro-loan operations, reflecting our ownership of these operations for just over two quarters during 2007 and the subsequent funding of receivables growth within these operations through draws against available credit lines. Because MEM's cash flows at moderate growth levels should allow it to de-lever in 2009 and pay down its outstanding debt, we expect it to incur lower 2009 interest costs.

Notwithstanding increases in pricing on debt facilities within our Auto Finance segment in the third quarter of 2008, we expect a gradual reduction in interest costs within this segment over time, reflecting both lower advance rates, and hence lower relative outstanding debt balances, and expected contractions in this segment's receivables as we have significantly curtailed marketing within this segment.

Fees and related income on non-securitized earning assets. The factors affecting our levels of fees and related income on non-securitized earning assets include:

• lower 2008 retail micro-loan fees due to (1) our substantial termination in late 2007 of a loan program in which we were the lender for micro-loans arranged by three different U.S. credit service organizations, (2) temporarily diminished consumer demand for retail micro-loans in the second quarter of 2008 possibly as a result of tax stimulus payments received by consumers, and
(3) our conservative second quarter 2008 approach to loan generation in Ohio while we awaited regulatory approvals (obtained in August 2008) for alternative loan products due to legislative changes enacted in that state during that quarter;

• increases in Internet micro-loan fees for the year ended December 31, 2008, reflecting our acquisition of MEM in the second quarter of 2007 and subsequent growth of its operations;

• the securitization of our lower-tier credit card receivables in December 2007, which caused a decrease of $672.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 in fees on non-securitized credit card receivables, offset slightly by modest growth in our balance transfer card program;

• decreases in income on investments in previously charged-off receivables principally reflecting (1) the dispute with Encore based on its failure to continue purchases of previously charged-off receivables under our forward flow contract as discussed in detail within the Investment in Previously Charged-Off Receivables Segment section below and (2) increased pricing paid by this segment upon the expiration of one of its more favorably priced forward flow agreements for previously charged-off paper purchases-offset somewhat by (1) growth in the segment's balance transfer program and Chapter 13 bankruptcy activities and (2) heightened levels of previously charged-off receivables sales during the first half of 2008 under our forward flow contract with Encore with correspondingly greater accretion of deferred revenue


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(in part due to the release of a portion of the $10.0 million related escrow)

prior to the onset of our dispute with Encore;

• higher gross profits on automotive vehicle sales for the year ended December 31, 2008 relating to our JRAS operations, which we acquired during the first quarter of 2007 and subsequently expanded; and

• lowers levels of losses associated with our investments in securities primarily due to our cessation of the majority of these activities as we liquidated our remaining investments in third-party asset-backed securities in response to margin calls in the second quarter of 2008.

As we have now disposed of all of our investments in third-party asset-backed securities, we expect no further losses on these investments.

Prospects for near-term profits and revenue growth within our Investments in Previously Charged-off Receivables segment are uncertain due to the factors cited above (and discussed further in the Investment in Previously Charged-Off Receivables Segment section below), as well as an anticipated reduction in the volume of charge offs that the segment is expected to purchase from our lower-tier originated portfolio master trust relative to recent quarters. In the first and second quarters of 2008, the Investments in Previously Charged-off Receivables segment acquired substantial volumes from the large vintages of second and third quarter 2007 lower-tier credit card receivables originations that reached peak charge-off levels in the first and second quarters of 2008.

Additionally, we expect Auto Finance segment gross profits to remain relatively flat during 2009 given our decision to close four of JRAS's twelve locations during the first quarter of 2009; growth in per lot sales at the eight remaining locations are expected to offset the effects of sales losses at the four closed lots.

Lastly, we currently expect continued, but limited, growth in fees from our U.K.-based Internet micro-loan operations within MEM as this entity continues to execute on its modest growth plan. Moreover, with the re-commencement of loan generation within our Ohio retail micro-loan storefronts, we expect increases in retail micro-loan fees for 2009, tempered somewhat however by uncertainties around the liquidity benefit of U.S. government economic stimulus legislation for our consumers.

Fees and related income on securitized earning assets. Fees and related income on securitized earning assets include (1) securitization gains, (2) income from retained interests in credit card receivables securitized and
(3) returned-check, cash advance and other fees associated with our securitized credit card receivables.

We acquired our U.K. Portfolio of approximately £490 million ($970 million) of gross face amount of credit card receivables in the second quarter of 2007 and immediately securitized the portfolio, generating a $100.4 million securitization gain in that period. Given the current net liquidating status of each of our credit card receivables portfolios within their respective securitization trusts, we have not recognized any securitization gains during 2008, and absent portfolio additions we do not anticipate any securitization gains in 2009.

We experienced losses on retained interests in credit card receivables securitized during 2008. The U.K. Portfolio acquisition and its subsequent securitization in the second quarter of 2007 resulted in the large securitization gain noted above, but also generated $48.6 million of losses on our retained interests in that same period. Our other securitized portfolios generated income in the 2007 periods partially offsetting the losses in the U.K. Portfolio. In contrast, the 2008 periods reflect much lower losses on our retained interests in the U.K. Portfolio, but large losses resulting in part from charge offs associated with our lower-tier credit card receivables that we securitized in December 2007. This portfolio generated high levels of charge offs associated with the record number of new accounts originated in the second and third quarters of 2007, which negatively impacted our income from retained interests principally during the first and second quarters of 2008. Our 2008 losses also resulted from (1) our inability to re-price accounts owned by CB&T at market-appropriate pricing (a matter that is the subject of litigation between us and CB&T), (2) the continued effects on fee billings of the fourth quarter 2007 changes made to our billing practices in response to regulatory guidance and comments regarding negative amortization, (3) certain adverse changes to our retained interest valuation assumptions given current negative trends in the U.S. economy; and (4) certain account actions (including reductions in credit lines and account closures) which have negatively affected the fair value of our interest-only strips embedded within our income from retained interests in credit card receivables securitized computations.

Fees on securitized receivables increased in 2008 due to our December 2007 securitization of our lower-tier credit card receivables.


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In the Credit Cards Segment section below, we provide further details concerning delinquency and credit quality trends, which affect the level of our income from retained interests in credit card receivables securitized and fees on securitized receivables.

Servicing income. Servicing income increased relative to 2007 levels due to the December 2007 securitization of our lower-tier credit card portfolio and the April 2007 acquisition and securitization of our U.K. Portfolio for which we have been engaged as servicer, partially offset, however, by the effects on our servicing compensation of liquidations in our credit card receivables portfolios and those of our equity-method investees for which we have been engaged as . . .

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