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THC > SEC Filings for THC > Form 10-K on 24-Feb-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for TENET HEALTHCARE CORP


24-Feb-2009

Annual Report


ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

The purpose of this section, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, is to provide a narrative explanation of our financial statements that enables investors to better understand our business, to enhance our overall financial disclosures, to provide the context within which our financial information may be analyzed, and to provide information about the quality of, and potential variability of, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Unless otherwise indicated, all financial and statistical information included herein relates to our continuing operations, with dollar amounts expressed in millions (except per-share, per admission, per patient day and per visit amounts). This information should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements. It includes the following sections:

• Executive Overview

• Sources of Revenue

• Results of Operations

• Liquidity and Capital Resources

• Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

• Recently Issued Accounting Standards

• Critical Accounting Estimates

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

We continue to focus on the execution of our operating strategies. While we have seen certain areas of improvement, we are still facing several industry challenges that continue to negatively affect our progress. We are dedicated to improving our patients', shareholders' and other stakeholders' confidence in us. We believe we will accomplish that by providing quality care and generating positive volume growth and earnings at our hospitals.

KEY DEVELOPMENTS

Recent key developments include the following:

• Definitive Agreement to Sell USC University Hospital and USC Kenneth Norris Jr. Cancer Hospital-On February 10, 2009, we announced that we had reached a definitive agreement with the University of Southern California for the sale of USC University Hospital and USC Kenneth Norris Jr. Cancer Hospital. An ongoing dispute between us and the University will be resolved upon consummation of the transaction, which is targeted for completion by March 31, 2009 and is subject to conditions and regulatory approvals that must be satisfied prior to closing. We recorded an impairment charge of approximately $40 million, pre-tax and after-tax, in discontinued operations in the three months ended December 31, 2008 related to the sale.


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• Exchange Offer-In early 2009, we made an offer to exchange up to $1.6 billion aggregate principal amount of our outstanding notes maturing in December 2011 and June 2012 for an equal aggregate principal amount of two new series of senior secured notes maturing in 2015 and 2018 in a private placement. As of the filing date of this report, the offer remained open. Any new notes ultimately issued as part of the exchange offer will be guaranteed by and secured by a pledge of the capital stock and other ownership interests of certain of our subsidiaries.

• New Agreement with Blue Shield of California-In January 2009, we entered into a new, multi-year agreement with Blue Shield of California. Under the agreement, members of Blue Shield of California's managed care plans will retain access to 12 of our acute care hospitals, our cancer hospital and three of our freestanding ambulatory surgery centers for their in-network health care services. In addition, nine of the acute care hospitals and our cancer hospital are in Blue Shield of California's Medicare Advantage network.

• Closures of Community Hospital of Los Gatos and Irvine Regional Hospital and Medical Center-On January 15, 2009, we closed Irvine Regional Hospital and Medical Center, including its emergency room, as announced in October 2008. Also in January 2009, we announced plans to close Community Hospital of Los Gatos, including its emergency room, on April 10, 2009. We had previously announced our intention to allow the leases for both hospitals to expire in February 2009 and May 2009, respectively; however, the lessor subsequently requested we return the Irvine property as a closed hospital and advised us that the Los Gatos property was not required to be operational at the expiration of our lease.

• Formation of Conifer Health Solutions-In November 2008, we announced the formation of a wholly owned operating subsidiary, Conifer Health Solutions, Inc., offering a full range of revenue cycle management and patient communication services. The new company has more than 100 hospitals, including those operated by us, under contract.

• Outsourcing of Materials Management and Procurement Functions-In October 2008, we announced we had signed a seven-year agreement to outsource our materials management and procurement functions to Broadlane, Inc., a former affiliate and provider of hospital supply chain services.

• Divestiture of Tarzana Hospital-In September 2008, we completed the previously disclosed divestiture of the Tarzana campus of Encino-Tarzana Regional Medical Center in California. Our interest in a joint venture was also sold in connection with that divestiture as part of our previously disclosed settlement of a lease dispute. The net proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes.

• Quality Awards-In September 2008, we announced that CIGNA HealthCare, a subsidiary of CIGNA Corporation, awarded 38 of our hospitals with 214 quality designations. In addition, 21 Tenet hospitals received 60 Center of Excellence designations for 2008 from CIGNA HealthCare.

• Sale of Interest in Broadlane-In August 2008, we completed the previously disclosed sale of our entire interest in Broadlane, Inc. Our estimated sales proceeds are $159 million. Approximately ten percent of the proceeds are being held in escrow to be distributed to us over approximately six years.

• Decision to Relocate Our Corporate Headquarters to Downtown Dallas-In August 2008, we announced that we will move our corporate headquarters from north Dallas, Texas to downtown Dallas. The move is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of 2009.

• Settlement of Lease Disputes-In July 2008, we announced we had reached a settlement with HCP, Inc., a real estate investment trust that owned seven hospitals leased by our subsidiaries, to resolve pending litigation and arbitration proceedings relating to the lease agreements for those hospitals. As part of the settlement, we acquired the Tarzana campus of Encino-Tarzana Regional Medical Center from HCP and simultaneously sold it to a third party in September 2008. We also continued or extended our HCP leases for Frye Regional Medical Center, North Fulton Regional Hospital, NorthShore Regional Medical Center and Palm Beach Gardens Medical Center, and provided notice of non-renewal of the leases for Community Hospital of Los Gatos and Irvine Regional Hospital and Medical Center.

• New General Counsel and Secretary-In July 2008, Gary Ruff, our vice president and assistant general counsel for hospital operations, was appointed senior vice president, general counsel and corporate secretary. Mr. Ruff replaced E. Peter Urbanowicz, our former general counsel and corporate secretary, who left the company in March 2008 to pursue other opportunities.


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• Amendment of Credit Agreement-In June 2008, we entered into an amendment to our credit agreement that allows us to grant liens on certain hospital facilities and inventory up to certain dollar limits set forth in the amendment. The amendment also provides us with additional flexibility over the remaining term of the credit agreement to pursue, at our option, various alternatives to refinance our existing unsecured senior debt, if market conditions and other considerations warrant. The alternatives include the issuance of secured debt, preferred stock and convertible debt, as well as other unsecured debt.

• New Managed Care Agreements-In June 2008, we entered into a multi-year agreement with MultiPlan, Inc., which includes participation in both the MultiPlan and PHCS (formerly Private Healthcare Systems) networks. The agreement includes all of our hospitals, outpatient facilities and ambulatory care centers effective July 1, 2008. In July 2008, we entered into a three-year agreement with Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Florida, which includes all of that payer's commercial and Medicare products and covers our 10 acute care hospitals in Florida. Also in July 2008, we announced we had reached a new contract with WellPoint, Inc.'s affiliated health plans in California, Missouri and Georgia, as well as its affiliated UniCare health plan in Texas. The agreement expands our existing pay-for-performance provisions and adds seven more of our hospitals to WellPoint's affiliated health plans' networks.

• Sale of Three California Hospitals-In June 2008, we sold the Encino campus of Encino-Tarzana Regional Medical Center. Also in June, we completed the sale of two other acute care hospitals - Garden Grove Hospital and Medical Center and San Dimas Community Hospital - for pretax proceeds of approximately $41 million.

• Opening of New Hospital-In May 2008, we opened our newly constructed Sierra Providence East Medical Center, a 110-bed acute care facility located in El Paso, Texas.

• Beech Street and ppoNEXT Agreements Signed-In April 2008, we signed multi-year agreements to include all of our hospitals, outpatient and ambulatory centers, and employed physicians in the Beech Street and ppoNEXT managed care networks.

• Sale of North Ridge Medical Center-On March 31, 2008, we completed the sale of North Ridge Medical Center in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida for pretax proceeds of approximately $21 million.

• Union Organizing Activities-In 2008, the California Nurses Association and the Service Employees International Union commenced union organizing activities at several of our hospitals as contemplated by the terms of the "peace accords" we entered into with both unions in 2007, as described in Part I of this report under the caption "Business-Medical Staff and Employees."

SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGES

As stated above, there are significant industry-wide challenges that have been impacting our operating performance. Below is a summary of these items.

Volumes-Although we have seen some improvements in recent quarters, we have experienced declines in patient volumes over the last several years. We believe the reasons for these declines include, but are not limited to, factors that have affected many hospital companies, including decreases in the demand for invasive cardiac procedures, increased competition and managed care contract negotiations or terminations. Given our geographic concentration, we are also affected by population trends, which have been a particular concern in Florida. In addition, we believe the industry-wide challenges associated with physician recruitment, retention and attrition have also been significant contributors to our past volume declines. Our operations depend on the efforts, abilities and experience of the physicians on the medical staffs of our hospitals, most of whom have no contractual relationship with us. It is essential to our ongoing business that we attract and retain an appropriate number of quality physicians in all specialties on our medical staffs. Although we had a net overall gain in physicians added to our medical staffs during 2007 and 2008, in some of our markets, physician recruitment and retention are still affected by a shortage of physicians in certain sought-after specialties and the difficulties that physicians experience in obtaining affordable malpractice insurance or finding insurers willing to provide such insurance. Other issues facing physicians, such as proposed decreases in Medicare payments, are forcing them to consider alternatives, including relocating their practices or retiring sooner than expected. In some of our markets, we have not been able to attract physicians to our medical staffs at a rate to offset the physicians relocating or retiring.


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We continue to take steps to increase patient volumes; however, due to the concentration of our hospitals in California, Florida and Texas, we may not be able to mitigate some factors that contribute to volume declines. One of our initiatives is our Physician Relationship Program, which is centered around understanding the needs of physicians who admit patients both to our hospitals and to our competitors' hospitals and responding to those needs with changes and improvements in our hospitals and operations. We have targeted capital spending in order to address specific needs or growth opportunities of our hospitals, which is expected to have a positive impact on their volumes. We have also sought to include all of our hospitals in the affected geographic area or nationally when negotiating new managed care contracts, which should result in additional volumes at facilities that were not previously a part of such managed care networks. In addition, we have been completing clinical service line market demand analyses and profitability assessments to determine which services are highly valued that can be emphasized and marketed to improve our operating results. This Targeted Growth Initiative has resulted in some reductions in unprofitable service lines in several locations, which have had a slightly negative impact on our volumes. However, the elimination of these unprofitable service lines will allow us to focus more resources on services that are more profitable.

Our Commitment to Quality initiative is further helping position us to competitively meet the volume challenge. We continue to work with physicians to implement the most current evidence-based techniques to improve the way we provide care. As a result of these efforts, our hospitals have improved substantially in quality metrics reported by the government and have been recognized by several managed care companies for their quality of care. We believe that quality of care improvements will continue to have the effect of increasing physician and patient satisfaction, potentially improving our volumes as a result.

Bad Debt-Like other organizations in the health care industry, we continue to provide services to a high volume of uninsured patients and more patients than in prior years with an increased burden of co-payments and deductibles as a result of changes in their health care plans. The discounting components of our Compact with Uninsured Patients ("Compact") have reduced our provision for doubtful accounts recorded in our Consolidated Financial Statements, but they do not mitigate the net economic effects of treating uninsured or underinsured patients. We continue to experience a high level of uncollectible accounts. Our collection efforts have improved, and we continue to focus, where applicable, on placement of patients in various government programs such as Medicaid. However, unless our business mix shifts toward a greater number of insured patients or the trend of higher co-payments and deductibles reverses, we anticipate this high level of uncollectible accounts to continue.

Cost Pressures-Labor and supply expenses remain a significant cost pressure facing us as well as the industry in general. Controlling labor costs in an environment of fluctuating patient volumes and increased labor union activity will continue to be a challenge. Also, inflation and technology improvements are driving supply costs higher, and our efforts to control supply costs through product standardization, bulk purchases and improved utilization are constantly challenged.

General Economic Conditions-The current economic downturn, tightening in the credit markets, and instability in the banking and financial institution industries has not yet had a direct material impact on our volumes, but has affected our ability to collect outstanding receivables. In addition, a significant amount of our admissions comes through our emergency rooms and, therefore, is not usually materially impacted by broad economic factors. However, our levels of elective procedures and our ability to collect accounts receivable, due to the related effects of higher unemployment and reductions in commercial managed care enrollment, may be materially impacted if the current economic environment continues. We could also be negatively affected if California, Florida or other states reduce funding of Medicaid and other state healthcare programs.


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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS-OVERVIEW

Our results of operations have been and continue to be influenced by industry-wide challenges, including fluctuating volumes, decreased demand for inpatient cardiac procedures and high levels of bad debt, that have negatively affected our revenue growth and operating expenses. We believe our future profitability will be achieved through volume growth, appropriate reimbursement levels and cost control across our portfolio of hospitals. Because we believe our results of operations for our most recent fiscal quarter best reflect the trends we are currently experiencing with respect to volumes, revenues and expenses, we have provided below detailed information about these metrics for the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. In order to disclose trends using data comparable to the prior year, operating statistics in this section and throughout Management's Discussion and Analysis are presented on a same-hospital basis, where noted, and exclude the results of Coastal Carolina Medical Center and Sierra Providence East Medical Center, for which we did not yet have a full calendar year of operating results at the beginning of the three months ended December 31, 2008.

                                                             Same-Hospital Continuing
                                                                    Operations
                                                                Three Months Ended
                                                                   December 31,
                                                                                  Increase
Admissions, Patient Days and Surgeries                  2008         2007        (Decrease)
Commercial managed care admissions                      34,734       35,809            (3.0 )%
Governmental managed care admissions                    28,542       25,930            10.1 %
Medicare admissions                                     39,452       40,419            (2.4 )%
Medicaid admissions                                     16,102       16,502            (2.4 )%
Uninsured admissions                                     5,957        6,331            (5.9 )%
Charity care admissions                                  2,269        2,293            (1.0 )%
Other admissions                                         3,328        3,330            (0.1 )%
Total admissions                                       130,384      130,614            (0.2 )%
Paying admissions (excludes charity and uninsured)     122,158      121,990             0.1 %
Charity admissions and uninsured admissions              8,226        8,624            (4.6 )%
Admissions through emergency department                 73,570       72,106             2.0 %
Commercial managed care admissions as a percentage
of total admissions                                       26.6 %       27.4 %          (0.8 )%(1)
Emergency department admissions as a percentage of
total admissions                                          56.4 %       55.2 %           1.2 %(1)
Uninsured admissions as a percentage of total
admissions                                                 4.6 %        4.8 %          (0.2 )%(1)
Charity admissions as a percentage of total
admissions                                                 1.7 %        1.8 %          (0.1 )%(1)
Surgeries-inpatient                                     38,713       38,727              -
Surgeries-outpatient                                    52,201       50,333             3.7 %
Total surgeries                                         90,914       89,060             2.1 %
Patient days-total                                     636,724      643,533            (1.1 )%
Adjusted patient days(2)                               924,882      917,133             0.8 %
Patient days-commercial managed care                   138,117      143,385            (3.7 )%
Average length of stay (days)                              4.9          4.9              -  (1)
Adjusted patient admissions(2)                         190,535      187,589             1.6 %

(1) The change is the difference between the amounts shown for the three months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2007.

(2) Adjusted patient days/admissions represents actual patient days/admissions adjusted to include outpatient services by multiplying actual patient days/admissions by the sum of gross inpatient revenues and outpatient revenues and dividing the results by gross inpatient revenues.

Our Florida and Central regions achieved the strongest admissions growth in the three months ended December 31, 2008, and our Central region achieved its second highest growth of the year in that period. Our California region experienced a decline in admissions in the three months ended December 31, 2008, which was its only negative growth of the year. Both our Southern States region and our Philadelphia market had admissions declines during the period. While total same-hospital admissions declined by 0.2% in the three months ended December 31, 2008, paying admissions grew by 0.1%. There was also a 4.6% decline in uninsured and charity admissions. Commercial managed care admissions declined by 3.0% compared to the three months ended December 31, 2007, but improved relative to the 3.4% year-over-year decline reported in the three months ended September 30, 2008. A decline in obstetrics volumes accounted for 59% of our decline in commercial managed care admissions in the three months ended December 31, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007. Under our Targeted Growth


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Initiative, we have deemphasized the obstetrics service line in a significant number of hospitals. Surgery growth remained strong in the three months ended December 31, 2008, supported by growth in outpatient surgeries of 3.7%. Inpatient surgeries were flat relative to the three months ended December 31, 2007. Our Targeted Growth Initiative brought incremental focus to a number of the service lines that contributed to this growth in surgeries.

                                                             Same-Hospital Continuing
                                                                    Operations
                                                                Three Months Ended
                                                                   December 31,
                                                                                  Increase
Outpatient Visits                                       2008         2007        (Decrease)
Total visits                                           929,750      932,837            (0.3 )%
Paying visits (excludes charity and uninsured)         830,633      823,364             0.9 %
Uninsured visits                                        93,063      104,278           (10.8 )%
Uninsured visits as a percentage of total visits          10.0 %       11.2 %          (1.2 )%(1)
Charity care visits                                      6,054        5,195            16.5 %
Charity care visits as a percentage of total visits        0.7 %        0.6 %           0.1 %(1)
Surgery visits                                          52,201       50,333             3.7 %
Commercial managed care visits                         355,424      356,303            (0.2 )%
Commercial visits as a percentage of total visits         38.2 %       38.2 %            -  (1)

(1) The change is the difference between the amounts shown for the three months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2007.

While total same-hospital outpatient visits declined by 0.3% in the three months ended December 31, 2008, paying outpatient visits (which excludes uninsured and charity outpatient visits) increased by 0.9% in the three months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. Competition from physician-owned enterprises offering outpatient services continues to restrain our growth in outpatient volumes. Our recent acquisitions of outpatient facilities added 2,053 outpatient visits in the three months ended December 31, 2008 and was more than offset by 3,928 lost visits resulting from recent divestitures and the joint venturing of some of our existing outpatient facilities where we took a minority interest. Excluding the impact of this resultant net loss of 1,875 outpatient visits from acquisitions and divestitures, outpatient visits in the three months ended December 31, 2008 would have declined by 1,212 visits, or 0.1%.

                                                        Same-Hospital Continuing
                                                               Operations
                                                           Three Months Ended
                                                              December 31,
                                                                          Increase
  Revenues                                            2008      2007     (Decrease)
  Net operating revenues                             $ 2,172   $ 2,070          4.9 %
  Net patient revenue from commercial managed care   $   872   $   818          6.6 %
  Revenues from the uninsured                        $   148   $   155         (4.5 )%

Net operating revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2008 include $8 million from the partial reversal of a $17 million unfavorable adjustment recorded in the three months ended June 30, 2008 related to a graduate medical education reimbursement dispute at one of our California hospitals. Excluding this $8 million from net operating revenues for the three months ended December 31, 2008, net operating revenues would have increased by $94 million, or 4.5%, compared to the three months ended December 31, 2007. As the charge reversal was recorded in other revenue, our patient pricing statistics for the three months ended December 31, 2008 were unaffected. Prior-year cost report adjustments contributed $2 million to net operating revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2008. Prior-year cost report adjustments made no contribution to net operating revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2007.


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                                                               Same-Hospital Continuing
                                                                      Operations
                                                                  Three Months Ended
                                                                     December 31,
Revenues on a Per Patient Day, Per Admission and Per                               Increase
Visit Basis                                                 2008        2007      (Decrease)
Net inpatient revenue per admission                       $ 11,052    $ 10,665           3.6 %
Net inpatient revenue per patient day                     $  2,263    $  2,165           4.5 %
Net outpatient revenue per visit                          $    691    $    646           7.0 %
. . .
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