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TUNE > SEC Filings for TUNE > Form 10-K on 20-Feb-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for MICROTUNE INC


20-Feb-2009

Annual Report


ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

NOTE: For a more complete understanding of our financial condition and results of operations, and the risks that could affect our future results, see "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A., which describes some of the important risk factors that may affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. You should carefully consider those risks, in addition to the other information in this report and in our other filings with the SEC, before deciding to make an investment in our stock. You should also read "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in Part II, Item 7A.

You should also read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" in Item 8.

OVERVIEW

We design and market radio frequency (RF) integrated circuits (ICs) and subsystem module solutions for the cable, automotive entertainment electronics and DTV markets. We operate Microtune as a single business unit or reportable operating segment serving our target markets. We record our operating expenses by functional area and account type, but we do not record or analyze our operating expenses by market, product type or product. We attempt to analyze our net revenue by market, but in some cases we sell our products to resellers or


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distributors serving multiple end markets, giving us limited ability to determine market composition of our net revenue from these customers. In addition, certain of our OEM customers purchase products from us for applications in multiple end-markets, also limiting our ability to determine our net revenue contribution from each market.

We monitor and analyze a number of key financial performance indicators in order to manage our business and evaluate our financial and operating performance. Those indicators include:

• Net Revenue: Our net revenue is generated principally by sales of our integrated circuits and subsystem module products directly to OEMs and ODMs who sell devices or applications to consumers or service providers within the cable, automotive entertainment electronics and DTV markets. The devices or applications that our customers produce include cable television set-top boxes; DOCSIS®-based, high-speed voice and data cable modems; car audio, television and antenna amplifier systems; digital/analog television systems, including HDTVs; PC/TV multimedia products; and mobile television receivers. We also market and sell to third-party manufacturers and to distributors who sell directly to the OEMs and ODMs. The majority of our net revenue is generated through the efforts of our sales organization. However, we generated approximately 14%, 10% and 18% of our net revenue from sales made to distributors in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in net revenue from sales made to distributors in 2008 was due to increased shipments of silicon tuner products for the CECB market segment. See Part I, Item 1A., "Risk Factors" for a description of the risks associated with the CECB market. Our net revenue varies based upon economic and market conditions in the semiconductor industry and our target markets; the timing, rescheduling or cancellation of customer orders; our ability, as well as the ability of our customers, to manage inventory; seasonality in the demand for consumer products into which our products are incorporated; and large orders placed by our key customers. These factors may cause our quarterly and yearly net revenue to fluctuate significantly, which makes it difficult for us to discuss revenue trends or to predict future results. We expect these fluctuations will continue in the future. We analyze trends in total net revenue and we attempt to analyze total net revenue trends by market, which is limited due to our lack of visibility into customers and/or applications, as described above. We also analyze revenue from key customers, focusing on our ten-percent customers, and aggregate net revenue from our top ten customers.

• Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin: Cost of revenue includes the cost of subcontracted materials and wafer fabrication, IC assembly, final test, factory labor and overhead, shipping of materials, shipping costs to customers, customs expenses, warranty costs, production employee expenses and inventory charges or benefits relating to excess or obsolete inventory. We also report expenses for the depreciation of our test and handling equipment and logistics in cost of revenue. Significant items impacting cost of revenue include our product mix and volumes of product sales; the position of our products in their respective life cycles; the effects of competitive pricing programs; manufacturing costs; fluctuations in direct product costs such as wafer pricing and assembly, packaging and testing costs, and overhead costs; and provisions for excess or obsolete inventory. Stock-based compensation expense recorded in cost of revenue under SFAS No. 123(R) was insignificant, and is expected to continue to be insignificant as we use third-party contract manufacturers to produce the majority of our products enabling us to employ a limited number of production employees. Our cost of revenue may increase due to price fluctuations and cyclical demand and we may not be able to pass this increase on to our customers, which makes it difficult for us to determine if cost of revenue and gross margin trends will continue or to predict future results. We analyze absolute gross margin dollars and gross margin percentage. We also analyze the key drivers of gross margin, namely typical selling price trends and the components of cost of revenue. In 2009, we expect the average selling prices of our products to slightly decrease. More significant decreases, should they occur, could have a material adverse effect on our gross margins, results of operations and financial condition.

• Operating Expenses: Operating expenses are substantially driven by personnel-related expenses, including cash and stock-based compensation expense, lab supplies, training and prototype materials, professional fees and insurance expenses. We record stock-based compensation expense in operating


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expenses in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), which has resulted in a material charge each period as the majority of our employees are classified in this category. We analyze trends in the absolute dollar value and percentage of net revenue for research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses. We also analyze the underlying expense inputs of significant operating expenses.

• Other Income and Expense: We analyze the individual components of other income and expense. We also analyze interest income and the rate of return earned on our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments.

• Liquidity and Cash Flows: Our cash flows are primarily driven by our cash operating results and sales and purchases of investments. The primary source of our liquidity is our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments. From period to period, we experience fluctuations in various items, including our working capital accounts, capital expenditures and proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options and shares purchased under our employee stock purchase program.

• Balance Sheet: We view cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, days sales outstanding, inventory, inventory turns, and working capital as important indicators of our financial health.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table shows certain data from our consolidated statements of operations expressed as a percentage of net revenue:

                                                  Year Ended December 31,
                                                2008         2007       2006
         Net revenue                              100 %        100 %     100 %
         Cost of revenue                           51           49        50

         Gross margin                              49           51        50
         Operating expenses:
         Research and development                  24           26        31
         Selling, general and administrative       20           28        32

         Total operating expenses                  44           54        63

         Income (loss) from operations              5           (3 )     (13 )
         Other income (expense):                    2            5         6

         Income (loss) before income taxes          7            2        (7 )
         Income tax expense                         1            1        -

         Net income (loss)                          6 %          1 %      (7 )%

COMPARISON OF YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008, 2007 AND 2006

Net Revenue

The following table presents a comparison of net revenue from each of our
product types for 2008, 2007 and 2006 (in thousands):



                   Year Ended December 31,           2008 vs. 2007             2007 vs. 2006
                 2008        2007       2006      Change      % Change      Change      % Change
     Silicon   $  81,317   $ 70,932   $ 53,148   $ 10,385           15 %   $ 17,784           33 %
     Modules      26,540     19,958     15,686      6,582           33        4,272           27
     Other           163        251        398        (88 )        (35 )       (147 )        (37 )

     Total     $ 108,020   $ 91,141   $ 69,232   $ 16,879           19     $ 21,909           32


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The increase in net revenue in 2008 as compared to 2007 was primarily the result of increased shipments of silicon tuner products for the cable market, particularly for set-top box applications, module products for the automotive entertainment electronics market, particularly for car radio applications, and silicon tuner products for the DTV market, primarily relating to the CECB market segment, partially offset by slightly lower average selling prices of silicon tuner products for the cable market. Net revenue from the CECB market segment was $7.6 million for 2008. Silicon tuner unit shipments increased approximately 22% in 2008 from 2007, primarily relating to the cable market and the CECB market segment. Module unit shipments for the automotive entertainment electronics market increased approximately 26% in 2008 from 2007, primarily relating to car radio applications.

The increase in net revenue in 2007 as compared to 2006 was primarily the result of increased shipments of silicon tuner products for the cable market, partially offset by decreased shipments of silicon tuner products for the DTV market, particularly for PC/TV and mobile television, and decreased shipments of silicon amplifier products for the cable market. An increase in shipments of module products for the automotive entertainment electronics market also contributed to the increase in net revenue in 2007. Silicon tuner unit shipments increased approximately 55% in 2007 from 2006, primarily in the cable market. Silicon amplifier unit shipments decreased approximately 57% in 2007 from 2006, primarily in the cable market, due to the integration of its functionality into one of our partner's demodulator products and also certain of our next-generation silicon tuner products. Module unit shipments increased approximately 17% in 2007 from 2006, primarily in the automotive entertainment electronics market.

We expect net revenues to decline significantly in 2009 as compared to 2008, primarily due to the impact of the economic slowdown, and to a lesser extent, the expected decrease in revenue from the short-term CECB market segment opportunity.

Net revenue from customers, including sales to their respective manufacturing subcontractors, exceeding 10% of net revenue were as follows:

                                            Year Ended December 31,
                                          2008         2007       2006
                 Cisco                       29 %         32 %      23 %
                 Unihan (1) (2)              13 %         18 %      17 %
                 Panasonic                   12 %          *         *
                 Ten largest customers       85 %         82 %      76 %

(1) Primarily for the benefit of ARRIS Group, Inc.

(2) A wholly-owned subsidiary of Asustek Computer

* Less than 10% of total net revenue

We expect that our largest customers will continue to account for a substantial portion of our net revenue in 2009 and the foreseeable future. The identity of our largest customers and their respective contributions to our net revenue has varied and will likely continue to vary from period to period, which makes it difficult for us to discuss cost of revenue and gross margin trends or to predict future results.

Net revenue by geographical area is summarized below (in thousands):

                                         Year Ended December 31,
                                       2008        2007       2006
                     Asia Pacific    $  47,518   $ 38,635   $ 33,571
                     North America      34,632     32,822     23,875
                     Europe             23,266     19,407     11,723
                     Other               2,604        277         63

                     Total           $ 108,020   $ 91,141   $ 69,232


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Net revenue derived from shipments to customer locations in countries exceeding 10% of total net revenue was as follows:

                                               Year Ended December 31,
                                             2008         2007       2006
              China (including Hong Kong)       30 %         27 %      28 %
              Mexico                            26 %         14 %       *
              Germany                           10 %         11 %      10 %
              United States                      *           21 %      33 %

* Less than 10% of total net revenue

Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin

The following table presents a comparison of cost of revenue and gross margin
for 2008, 2007 and 2006 (in thousands):



                       Year Ended December 31,                2008 vs. 2007              2007 vs. 2006
                    2008         2007         2006          Change      % Change       Change     % Change
Cost of revenue   $ 54,691     $ 44,698     $ 34,705     $      9,993         22 %   $    9,993         29 %
Gross margin        53,329       46,443       34,527            6,886         15         11,916         35
Gross margin %        49.4 %       51.0 %       49.9 %     (1.6) pts.                  1.1 pts.

Gross margin increased in 2008 as compared to 2007 primarily due to an approximate $16.9 million increase in net revenue, partially offset by a 1.6 point decrease in gross margin percentage. Gross margin percentage in 2008 as compared to 2007 was negatively impacted by slightly lower average selling prices of silicon tuner products for the cable market, an increase in net revenue for the automotive entertainment electronics market as a percentage of total net revenue, which had a lower gross margin percentage as compared to other markets, and lower than expected yields on initial product runs of a new cable silicon tuner during the first quarter of 2008.

Gross margin increased during 2007 as compared to 2006 primarily due to an approximate $21.9 million increase in net revenue and to a lesser extent a 1.1 point increase in gross margin percentage. Gross margin percentage in 2007 as compared to 2006 was positively impacted by an increase in net revenue from the cable market as a percentage of total net revenue, which generally had a higher gross margin percentage as compared to other markets, and to a lesser extent, a change in the product mix of our silicon tuner products for the cable market and our module products for the automotive entertainment electronics market. Gross margin percentage in 2007 as compared to 2006 was negatively impacted by a change in the product mix of our silicon amplifier products for the cable market and silicon tuner products for the DTV market.

We expect our gross margin percentage in 2009 to be similar to 2008 and fall within our target range of 49% to 50%.

Our cost of revenue for 2008, 2007 and 2006 benefited from the sale of inventory which had previously been identified as excess to expected demand and expensed in prior periods. The total value of these inventories for 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $0.4 million, $0.8 million and $1.1 million, respectively. The net impact of changes in the inventory valuation allowance was insignificant in 2008 and a charge to cost of revenue of $0.4 million for 2007 and 2006, respectively.


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Stock-Based Compensation

The following table summarizes the allocation of stock-based compensation
expense under SFAS No. 123(R) (in thousands):



                                                                 Year Ended December 31,
                                                              2008         2007        2006
Cost of revenue                                             $      35     $    40     $    50

Research and development                                        1,893       2,448       2,588
Selling, general and administrative                             2,866       3,608       3,174

Total stock-based compensation expense included in
operating expenses                                          $   4,759     $ 6,056     $ 5,762

Total stock-based compensation expense                      $   4,794     $ 6,096     $ 5,812

Stock-based compensation expense decreased in 2008 as compared to 2007 primarily due to a decrease in unvested equity awards in 2008 and a decrease in incentive compensation charges related to the fiscal year 2008 Bonus Program as compared to the fiscal year 2007 Bonus Program. See Note 9, "Stockholders' Equity," to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Stock-based compensation expense increased in 2007 as compared to 2006 primarily due to incentive compensation charges related to the fiscal year 2007 Bonus Program, partially offset by a decrease in unvested equity awards in 2007.

Operating Expenses

The following tables present a comparison of operating expenses for 2008, 2007
and 2006 (in thousands):



                                  Year Ended December 31,             2008 vs. 2007              2007 vs. 2006
                                2008        2007        2006       Change       % Change      Change     % Change
Research and development      $ 25,896    $ 23,695    $ 21,445    $  2,201             9 %    $ 2,250          10 %
Selling, general and
administrative                  21,809      25,317      22,311      (3,508 )         (14 )      3,006          13

Total                         $ 47,705    $ 49,012    $ 43,756    $ (1,307 )          (3 )    $ 5,256          12

Research and Development

Our research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses, lab supplies, training and prototype materials. To date, we have expensed all of our research and development costs in the period incurred as our process for developing our products has been essentially completed concurrently with the establishment of technological feasibility. Research and development efforts currently are focused primarily on the development of our next generation of products.

The increase in research and development expenses in 2008 as compared to 2007 was primarily the result of an increase in personnel-related expenses resulting from an average headcount increase of approximately 5%, an increase in compensation expense incurred in conjunction with our regular annual base compensation adjustments, an increase in prototyping expenses for new silicon projects and also the timing of these expenditures and an increase in expenditures to design our silicon products, including license and maintenance fees for engineering software used to design our silicon products, partially offset by a decrease in incentive compensation charges related to the fiscal year 2008 Bonus Program as compared to the fiscal year 2007 Bonus Program, a decrease in stock-based compensation expense and a benefit of $0.3 million for the reversal of taxes


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and interest accrued in excess of amounts paid to the IRS upon completion of its examination of our payroll tax returns for 2003 through 2006. See Note 5, "Accrued Compensation," to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Stock-based compensation expense related to research and development was $1.9 million and $2.4 million in 2008 and 2007, respectively.

The increase in research and development expenses in 2007 as compared to 2006 was primarily the result of an increase in personnel-related expenses resulting from an increase in average headcount of approximately 11%, charges related to the fiscal year 2007 Bonus Program discussed below and an increase in license and maintenance expenses for engineering software used to design our silicon products due to the increase in headcount, partially offset by a decrease in prototyping expenses for new silicon projects due to the timing of these expenditures. Stock-based compensation expense related to research and development was $2.4 million and $2.6 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively.

We expect research and development expenses to increase in 2009 between 10% and 15% as compared to 2008 due to the full year impact of expenses that ramped throughout 2008 and minor incremental spending in 2009, as we intend to increase the number of RF and technical personnel and increase spending on new product development.

We remain committed to significant research and development efforts to extend our technology leadership in the markets in which we operate. Currently, we hold 83 issued United States utility patents and have more than 25 additional United States patent applications pending. Our issued United States patents begin to expire in 2015. Our patents generally cover various aspects of our RF and analog technologies at the broad architectural, circuit and building-block levels.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses include our personnel-related expenses for our administrative, finance, human resources, sales and marketing, information technology and legal departments, and include expenditures related to professional fees for accounting, legal, public relations and financial advisors. These expenses also include promotional and marketing costs, sales commissions and provisions for doubtful accounts.

The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2008 as compared to 2007 was due to a decrease in professional fees expensed in connection with the derivative litigation, which was dismissed in June 2008, and the SEC investigation, which was resolved with respect to the Company with a settlement in June 2008, a decrease in stock-based compensation expense and a decrease in incentive compensation charges related to the fiscal year 2008 Bonus Program as compared to the fiscal year 2007 Bonus Program. Stock-based compensation expense related to selling, general and administrative expenses was $2.9 million and $3.6 million in 2008 and 2007, respectively. The results in 2008 included net charges of $0.4 million related to professional fees expensed in connection with the derivative litigation and the SEC investigation and excluded $1.9 million recorded as a receivable for amounts expected to be reimbursed by our directors' and officers' liability insurance carrier related to the SEC investigation and ongoing SEC litigation with two of our former officers. See Part I, Item 3. "Legal Proceedings."

The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in 2007 as compared to 2006 was due to an increase in personnel-related expenses resulting primarily from an increase in compensation incurred in conjunction with our regular annual compensation adjustments and to a lesser extent, charges related to the fiscal year 2007 Bonus Program discussed below. Stock-based compensation expense related to selling, general and administrative expense was $3.6 million and $3.2 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. The results in 2007 included charges of $3.1 million related to professional fees incurred in connection with the restatement of our financial statements filed in January 2007, the related derivative litigation and the related SEC investigation. See Part I, Item 3. "Legal Proceedings." We recorded charges of $0.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2007 in


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connection with a tender offer with eligible employees, as defined in the tender offer documents, to amend certain stock options to purchase shares of our common stock to limit the potential adverse personal tax consequences that may have applied to those stock options under Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. See Note 9, "Stockholders' Equity," to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

We expect selling, general and administrative expenses to decrease by 3% to 7% in 2009 due to expense control efforts, which include no increases to management salaries and a suspension of our annual bonus program in 2009.

We have incurred substantial expenses for legal, accounting, tax and other professional services in connection with the Audit Committee's investigation, the preparation of our restated financial statements, the defense of the derivative litigation and the SEC investigation and related litigation. In addition, we have been obligated to advance legal expenses to certain former officers pursuant to our indemnification agreements with such former officers for legal proceedings related to these matters. We have incurred expenses of approximately $8.7 million through December 31, 2008 related to these matters, net of amounts reimbursed, and currently have a receivable of $1.9 million at December 31, 2008 for amounts expected to be reimbursed by our directors' and officers' liability insurance carrier. We expect further legal fees related to the SEC litigation against Mr. Bartek and Ms. Richardson to be substantial, although our directors' and officers' liability insurance policy is expected to cover a significant portion of any future expenses. See Note 8, "Commitments and Contingencies," to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Other Income and Expense

Other income consists primarily of interest income from our cash and investment
balances, foreign currency gains and losses and other non-operating income.

The following table presents a comparison of other income and expense for 2008,
2007 and 2006 (in thousands):



                             Year Ended December 31,                2008 vs. 2007                 2007 vs. 2006
. . .
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