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IGC > SEC Filings for IGC > Form 10-Q on 17-Feb-2009All Recent SEC Filings

Show all filings for INDIA GLOBALIZATION CAPITAL, INC. | Request a Trial to NEW EDGAR Online Pro

Form 10-Q for INDIA GLOBALIZATION CAPITAL, INC.


17-Feb-2009

Quarterly Report


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed financial statements and related notes that appear elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as in our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB filed on July 16, 2008.

Overview

In response to India's rapidly expanding economy, our primary focus is to execute infrastructure projects through our subsidiaries such as constructing interstate highways, rural roads, mining and quarrying, and construction of high temperature cement and steel plants.

The infrastructure development industry is the largest employer in India - the construction industry alone employs more than 30 million people. According to the Business Monitor International (BMI), by 2012, the construction industry's contribution to India's GDP is forecasted to be 16.98%. However, the current global financial problems have begun to impact India and China. While China recently responded by injecting a large amount of capital into the economy, India has responded by cutting interest rates. Banks and lending institutions have continued to be reluctant to increase lending. The government of India is acutely aware of the issues, and is actively involved in responding to the overall lack of liquidity.

Our operations are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including among others, liquidity, dependency on India's economy and government policies, competitively priced raw materials, dependence upon key members of the management team and increased competition from existing and new entrants. Our bank lines have been reduced significantly because of two reasons. The first reason is an overall tightening of credit and the second is that most of the assets that have been pledged to the banks are real estate properties comprising mostly of land which has undergone significant erosion in value. We continue to work with the banks to restructure our loans, pledge new assets and increase overall liquidity. One of the strategies we have initiated is the creation of a wholly owned subsidiary in India called IGC-IMT (India Globalization Capital, India Mining and Trading). We expect to pledge assets on behalf of this company and obtain a senior secured credit facility. The subsidiary will be treated as our mining platform and will also be responsible for the purchase of commodities used in construction such as cement, aggregate, bitumen, and steel.

Sricon Infrastructure Private Limited

Sricon Infrastructure Private Limited ("Sricon") was incorporated as a private limited company on March 3, 1997 in Nagpur, India. Sricon is an engineering and construction company that is engaged in three business areas: 1) civil construction of highways and other heavy construction, 2) mining and quarrying and 3) the construction and maintenance of high temperature cement and steel plants. Sricon has a pan-India focus and its present and past clients include various Indian government organizations. Sricon employs over 800 individuals. It currently has the capacity and prior experience to bid on contracts that are priced at a maximum of $116 million.

Techni Bharathi Limited

Techni Bharathi Limited ("TBL") was incorporated as a public (but not listed on the stock market) limited company on June 19, 1982 in Cochin, India. TBL is an engineering and construction company engaged in the execution of civil construction and structural engineering projects. TBL has a focus in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Assam and Tamil Nadu. Its present and past clients include various Indian government organizations.

Core Business Areas

Our core business areas include (1) highway and heavy construction, (2) mining, quarrying and construction and (3) maintenance of high temperature plants.


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Customers

Over the past 10 years, Sricon has qualified in all states in India and has worked in several of them, including Maharashtra, Gujarat, Orissa and Madhya Pradesh. The National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) awards interstate highway contracts on a national level, while intra-state contracts are awarded by state agencies. The National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) awards contacts for civil work associated with power plants. The National Coal Limited (NCL) awards large mining contracts. Our customers include, or have included, NHAI, NTPC, and various state public works departments.

Foreign Currency Translation

The accompanying financial statements are reported in U.S. dollars. The Indian rupee is the functional currency for Sricon and TBL. The translation of the functional currencies into U.S. dollars is performed for assets and liabilities using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenues, costs and expenses using average exchange rates prevailing during the reporting periods. Adjustments resulting from the translation of functional currency financial statements to reporting currency are accumulated and reported as other comprehensive income/(loss), a separate component of shareholders' equity.

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are expressed in the functional currency at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Revenues, costs and expenses are recorded using exchange rates prevailing on the date of transaction. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in the statement of income.

The exchange rate between the Indian Rupee and the U.S. dollars are as follows:

                                                                                     Rate used for
                                                               Average rate used      translating
                                                                for translating         Balance
                                                                operations. INR      Sheet. INR to
                                                                 to one U.S.D.        one U.S.D.
Nine months ended December 31, 2007                                        40.27             39.41
Year ended March 31, 2008                                                  40.12             40.02
Nine months ended December 31, 2008                                        44.59             48.58

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make significant estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. These items are regularly monitored and analyzed by management for changes in facts and circumstances, and material changes in these estimates could occur in the future. These estimates include, among others, our revenue recognition policies related to the proportional performance and percentage of completion methodologies of revenue recognition of contracts and assessing our goodwill for impairment annually. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results will differ and may differ materially from the estimates if past experience or other assumptions do not turn out to be substantially accurate.

Our significant accounting policies are presented within Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements and the following summaries should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in this Report. While all accounting policies impact the financial statements, certain policies may be viewed as critical. Critical accounting policies are those that are both most important to the portrayal of financial condition and results of operations and that require management's most subjective or complex judgments and estimates. Our management believes the policies that fall within this category are the policies on revenue recognition, accounting for stock-based compensation, goodwill and income taxes.


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Revenue Recognition

The majority of the revenue recognized for three month and nine month period ended December 31, 2008 was derived from the Company's subsidiaries and as accordingly:

Revenue is recognized based on the nature of activity when consideration can be reasonably measured and there exists reasonable certainty of its recovery.

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when substantial risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the buyer under the terms of the contract.

Revenue from construction/project related activity and contracts for supply/commissioning of complex plant and equipment is recognized as follows:

a) Cost plus contracts: Contract revenue is determined by adding the aggregate cost plus proportionate margin as agreed with the customer and expected to be realized.

b) Fixed price contracts: Contract revenue is recognized using the percentage completion method. Percentage of completion is determined as a proportion of cost incurred-to-date to the total estimated contract cost. Changes in estimates for revenues, costs to complete and profit margins are recognized in the period in which they are reasonably determinable

Full provision is made for any loss in the period in which it is foreseen.

Revenue from property development activity is recognized when all significant risks and rewards of ownership in the land and/or building are transferred to the customer and a reasonable expectation of collection of the sale consideration from the customer exists.

Revenue from service related activities and miscellaneous other contracts are recognized when the service is rendered using the proportionate completion method or completed service contract method.

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

As of December 31, 2008, we had not granted any stock options under our Employee Stock Plan.

Goodwill

We account for goodwill in accordance with SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets" ("SFAS No. 142"). SFAS No. 142 requires the use of a non-amortization approach to account for purchased goodwill and certain intangibles. Under the non-amortization approach, goodwill and certain intangibles are not amortized into results of operations, but instead are reviewed for impairment at least annually and written down and charged to operations only in the periods in which the recorded value of goodwill and certain intangibles exceeds its fair value. We have elected to perform our annual impairment test in November of each calendar year. An interim goodwill impairment test would be performed if an event occurs or circumstances change between annual tests that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. For purposes of performing the goodwill impairment test, we concluded there is one reporting unit. During November 2008, we completed the required annual test, which indicated there was no impairment.

Accounting for Income Taxes

In connection with preparing our financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves the assessment of our net operating loss carry forwards and credits, as well as estimating the actual current tax liability together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items, such as reserves and accrued liabilities, for tax and accounting purposes. We then assess the likelihood that deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income, and to the extent we believe that recovery is not likely, we must establish a valuation allowance. Based on historical results, we believe that it is more likely than not that we will not realize the value of our deferred tax assets and therefore have provided a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets.


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Results of Operations

Three Months Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Three Months Ended December 31, 2007

The following results of operations discussion compares our consolidated company results for the three months ended December 31, 2008 to the Combined Predecessor Results of Operations for the three months ended December 31, 2007. We believe this is a better measure of performance than comparing the consolidated company results to pre-acquisition results because there were no significant operating results before acquiring Sricon and TBL companies.

Revenue - Total revenue decreased to $3.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2008, as compared to $11.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2007. As our overall liquidity decreased, due to the global tightening of credit, we initiated a pro-active approach of curtailing the number of contracts we work on. We have sub contracted our some of our contracts and cancelled some of the new contracts. As such, our revenue decreased.

Operating Income (loss) - In the three month period ending December 31, 2008, operating loss was ($1.4) million, compared to operating margin of $2.5 million for the combined predecessor companies for the three month period ending December 31, 2007. In the quarter we had about $1.5 million of one time expenses related to 1) contract cancellations, 2) costs associated with the warrant tender offer and 3) legal costs associated with the raising of capital.

Total Cost of Revenue and Operating Expenses - Our total cost of revenue and operating expenses principally consist of construction materials, employee compensation and benefits, depreciation and amortization, startup costs, and general and administrative expense. In the three month period ending December 31, 2008, total cost of revenue and operating expenses decreased by $4.1 million or 44%, compared to the three month period ending December 31, 2007. The decrease is due to less contracts executed during the 3 month period. Total cost of revenue and operating expenses includes one time expenses in the amount of 1.5 million related to legal costs related to the warrant tender offer, fundraising activity and expenses related to curtailing the number of contracts performed.

Costs of Revenue - Costs of revenue consists primarily of compensation and related fringe benefits for project-related personnel, department management and all other dedicated project related costs and indirect costs. Cost of revenue decreased by $4.6 million or 61%, compared to the three month period ending December 31, 2007. The decrease is due to fewer contracts executed during the 3 month period.

Selling, General and Administrative - Consist primarily of employee-related expenses, professional fees, other corporate expenses and allocated overhead.. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $710 thousand or 50%, compared to the three month period ending December 31, 2007. The increase in SG&A stem from contract cancellations and legal costs associated with the warrant tender offer and fund raising activity.

Net Interest Income (Expense) - Net interest expense decreased by $114 thousand or 27% compared to the three month period ending December 31, 2007. The decrease was due to one-time settlement income recorded in the period ended December 31, 2007.

Net Income (loss) - Net loss was ($1.7) million for the three months ended December 31, 2008, as compared to net income of $1.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2007. The December 31, 2008 net loss includes one time expenses in the amount of 1.5 million as described above, as well as about $300,000 of losses due to foreign exchange, as the dollar strengthened against the Indian Rupee.

Nine Months Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Nine Months Ended December 31, 2007

The following results of operations discussion compares our consolidated company results for the nine months ended December 31, 2008 to the Combined Predecessor Results of Operations for the nine months ended December 31, 2007. We believe this is a better measure of performance than comparing the consolidated company results to pre-acquisition results because there were no significant operating results before acquiring Sricon and TBL companies.

Revenue - Total revenue increased 47% to $32.3 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2008, as compared to $21.9 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2007..

Operating Income (loss) - In the nine month period ending December 31, 2008, operating margin is $ 3.4 million, compared to a loss of ($4.3) million for the combined predecessor companies for the nine month period ending December 31, 2007.

Total Cost of Revenue and operating expenses - Our total cost of revenue and operating expenses principally consist of construction materials, employee compensation and benefits, depreciation and amortization, startup costs, and general and administrative expense. In the nine month period ended December 31, 2008, total cost of revenue and operating expenses increased by $11.3 million or 64%, compared to the nine month period ended December 31, 2007. Total cost of revenue and operating expenses includes one time expenses in the amount of about $2.0 million related to legal costs related to the warrant tender offer, fundraising activity and expenses related to curtailing the number of contracts performed.

Cost of Revenue - Cost of revenue consists primarily of compensation and related fringe benefits for project-related personnel, department management and all other dedicated project related costs and indirect costs. Cost of revenue increased by $9.3 million or 64%, compared to the nine month period ending December 31, 2007.


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Selling, General and Administrative - Consist primarily of employee-related expenses, professional fees, other corporate expenses and allocated overhead. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $1.9 million or 83%, compared to the nine month period ending December 31, 2007, due to one time costs related to contract cancellation and legal costs as described before.

Net Interest Income (Expense) - Net interest expense was $920 thousand compared to net interest income of $1.6 million for the nine month period ending December 31, 2007. .

Net Income (loss) - Net income was $374 thousand for the nine months ended December 31, 2008, as compared to a net income of $5 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The December 31, 2007 net income does not include minority interest, but does include one-time settlements. The net income for the nine months ended December 31, 2008 includes about $2 million of one-time expenses related to curtailing contracts, and legal costs related to the warrant tender offer and costs associated with fundraising activities.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

This liquidity and capital resources discussion compares the consolidated company results for the nine months period ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. The Predecessor cash flow statements for the nine month ended period December 31, 2007 are not available.

Cash used for operating activities from continuing operations is our net loss adjusted for certain non-cash items and changes in operating assets and liabilities. During the nine month period ending December of 2008, cash used for operating activities was ($8.4) million compared to cash provided for operating activities of $2.8 million during the nine month period ending December of 2007. The uses of cash in the nine month period ending December of 2008 relates primarily to the payment of general operating expenses of our subsidiary companies and one time expenses related to legal costs associated with the warrant tender offer, increased fundraising activities, and increased expenses in curtailing contracts.

During the same nine month period ending December 2008, investing activities from continuing operations provided $2.6 million of cash as compared to approximately $ 419 thousand used during the comparable period in 2007. This increase of cash was caused by a $2 million redemption of debentures.

Financing cash flows from continuing operations consist primarily of transactions related to our debt and equity structure. During the nine month period ending December of 2008, there was financing cash used of approximately $162 thousand, compared to cash used of approximately $ 3.6 million for the same nine month period of 2007. This significant decrease in cash used was due to paying off $5.5 million in bank lines and notes outstanding.

Our future liquidity needs will depend on, among other factors, stability of construction costs, interest rates, and a continued increase in infrastructure contracts in India. We believe that our current cash balances and anticipated operating cash flow, are inadequate to sustain the rapid growth envisioned for the Company. As such we are taking measures to severely constrain growth until we have visibility into increased liquidity. As of now our bank lines in India are frozen at the amounts borrowed and outstanding. We continue to explore funding sources including bank lines, equity, convert, debt, etc. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to access additional credit facilities. We expect to curtail our growth plans to match the currently available liquidity.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a) (4)
(ii) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Commitments

1) Capital commitments

The estimated amount of contracts remaining to be executed on capital account not provided for as on December 31, 2008 are zero.

2) Guarantees


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The Company had outstanding financial / performance bank guarantees of approximately USD 4 million as of December 31, 2008.

a) Sricon was awarded a contract from National Highway Authority of India ('NHAI') in 2004-05, for restoring the Jaipur - Gurgaon National Highway 8. The total contract value was USD 5.10 million to be completed in 6 months. The entire stretch of the site was handed over on piecemeal basis without any defined schedule in contravention with contractual provisions and approved construction program and methodology. This has resulted in additional costs due to additional deployment of resources for prolonged period. Thus, Sricon invoked the escalation clause of the contract and filed a claim of USD 8.16 million. The dispute has been referred to arbitration. The Company has not recognized the claimed amounts on its books.

b) Sricon was awarded a contract from National Highway Authority of India ('NHAI') in 2001-02 for construction of a four lane highway on the Namkkal bypass on National Highway 7, in the state of Tamilnadu. The total contract value was $4 million and the construction was to have been completed by November 30, 2002. The escalation and variation claim of $5.27 million is pending with NHAI. An arbitration process was initiated on July 3, 2007. The company has not recognized the claim amounts on its books.

c) TBL is contingently liable to pay four-thousand dollars towards interest and penalty towards Provident Dues as per the orders of the competent authorities.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements, including, among others,
(a) our expectations about possible business combinations, (b) our growth strategies, (c) our future financing plans, and (d) our anticipated needs for working capital. Forward-looking statements, which involve assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies, and expectations, are generally identifiable by use of the words "may," "should," "expect," "anticipate," "approximate," "estimate," "believe," "intend," "plan," or "project," or the negative of these words or other variations on these words or comparable terminology. This information may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from the future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by any forward-looking statements. These statements may be found in this report. Actual events or results may differ materially from those discussed in forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including, without limitation, the risks outlined under our "Description of Business" and matters described in this report generally. In light of these risks and uncertainties, the events anticipated in the forward-looking statements may or may not occur. These statements are based on current expectations and speak only as of the date of such statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of future events, new information or otherwise.

The information contained in this report identifies important factors that could adversely affect actual results and performance. All forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements.

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