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| JBLU > SEC Filings for JBLU > Form 10-K on 13-Feb-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
13-Feb-2009
Annual Report
Overview
We are an airline that provides award-winning customer service primarily on point-to-point routes at competitive fares. Our value proposition includes operating a young, fuel efficient fleet with more legroom than any other domestic airline's coach product, free in-flight entertainment, pre-assigned seating, unlimited snacks, and the airline industry's only Customer Bill of Rights. At December 31, 2008, we served 52 destinations in 19 states, Puerto Rico, and five countries in the Caribbean and Latin America, and operated over 600 flights a day with a fleet of 107 Airbus A320 aircraft and 35 EMBRAER 190 aircraft.
In 2008, we reported a net loss of $76 million and an operating margin of 3.2%, compared to net income of $18 million and an operating margin of 6.0% in 2007. The year-over-year decline in our financial performance was primarily a result of a 43% increase in our realized fuel price and a net $53 million impairment charge related to the write-down of our auction rate securities, or ARS, which was mitigated in part by continued modifications to our growth plans and increased focus on revenue initiatives. Financial institutions in the U.S. and around the world were, and continue to be, severely impacted by the ongoing credit and liquidity crisis. The significant distress experienced by financial institutions has had, and may continue to have, far reaching adverse consequences across many industries, including the airline industry.
Our disciplined growth strategy begins with managing the growth, size and age of our fleet. In 2008, in response to continuing high fuel prices and the uncertain economic conditions, we continued to carefully manage the size of our fleet. We modified our Airbus A320 purchase agreement twice, resulting in the deferral of 37 aircraft previously scheduled for delivery between 2009 and 2011 to 2012 and 2015. We also modified our EMBRAER 190 purchase agreement, deferring delivery of ten EMBRAER 190 aircraft previously scheduled for delivery between 2009 and 2011 to 2016. We increased the size of our A320 operating fleet by three net aircraft during the year, through the purchase of 12 new aircraft offset by the sale of nine of our older aircraft. Our EMBRAER 190 operating fleet increased by a total of five net aircraft during the year, through the acquisition of seven new aircraft offset by our leasing of two aircraft to another airline. We sold two EMBRAER 190 aircraft in January 2009. We may further slow our fleet growth through additional aircraft sales, leasing of aircraft, returns of leased aircraft and/or deferral of aircraft deliveries.
Our growth in 2008 was achieved largely through adding more flights to existing routes and new routes between existing destinations. Additionally, we shifted some of our transcontinental capacity to other routes, primarily Caribbean routes. We added only two new destinations in 2008, compared to the five that were added in 2007 and 16 that were added in 2006. In 2008, we closed our operations in Nashville, TN, Columbus, OH, Tucson, AZ and Ontario, CA, which allowed us to redeploy aircraft to more profitable routes. In 2009, we plan to continue to focus on adding service between existing destinations and rational growth in the number of new destinations, including the January 2009 addition of Bogotá, Colombia, the March 2009 addition of San José, Costa Rica, the May 2009 addition of Montego Bay, Jamaica, and the June 2009 addition of Los Angeles, CA.
In January 2008, we issued and sold approximately 42.6 million shares of our common stock to Deutsche Lufthansa AG for approximately $300 million, net of transaction costs. Following the consummation of this transaction, Deutsche Lufthansa AG owned approximately 19% of our total outstanding shares of common stock. In addition to providing us much needed financial flexibility, we believe that this investment by one of the most highly respected leaders and most recognized brands in the global airline industry to be an affirmation of the JetBlue brand and business model.
On October 22, 2008, we opened our new 26-gate terminal at JFK's Terminal 5. Adjacent to this terminal is a 1,500 space parking structure and access to the AirTrain via a connection bridge. We believe that this new terminal with its modern amenities, concession offerings and passenger convenience will become as integral to our customers' JetBlue Experience as our in-flight entertainment systems.
Airlines operating in the New York metropolitan area airspace faced another difficult year in 2008. As a result of 2007 being one of the worst years on record for flight delays, the DOT limited the number of flights in and out of JFK during 2008. Despite this effort to alleviate congestion in the nation's largest travel market,
operating conditions continued to worsen in 2008. These challenging operating conditions were especially difficult during the summer months of 2008 when ground delay programs were in effect more days than not. We continue to work actively with the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, or PANYNJ, and the Federal Aviation Administration, or FAA, to find solutions to ease this congestion.
We derive our revenue primarily from transporting passengers on our aircraft. Passenger revenue accounted for 90% of our total operating revenues for the year ended December 31, 2008. Revenues generated from international routes, excluding Puerto Rico, accounted for 10% of our total passenger revenues in 2008. Revenue is recognized either when transportation is provided or after the ticket or customer credit expires. We measure capacity in terms of available seat miles, which represents the number of seats available for passengers multiplied by the number of miles the seats are flown. Yield, or the average amount one passenger pays to fly one mile, is calculated by dividing passenger revenue by revenue passenger miles.
We strive to increase passenger revenue primarily by increasing our yield per flight, which produces higher revenue per available seat mile, or RASM. Our objective is to optimize our fare mix to increase our overall average fare and, in certain markets, utilize our network to maximize connecting opportunities while continuing to provide our customers with competitive fares. When we enter a new market, our fares are designed to stimulate demand, particularly from fare-conscious leisure and business travelers who might otherwise have used alternate forms of transportation or would not have traveled at all. In addition to our regular fare structure, we frequently offer sale fares with shorter advance purchase requirements in most of the markets we serve and match the sale fares offered by other airlines. In 2008, we introduced our Even More Legroom, or EML, seats, an optional upgrade to our product that offers seats with additional seat pitch for a modest additional fee, which has also allowed us to increase passenger revenues.
Other revenue consists primarily of fees charged to customers in accordance with our published policies relating to reservation changes and baggage limitations, the marketing component of TrueBlue point sales, concession revenues and revenues earned by our subsidiary, LiveTV, LLC, for the sale of, and on-going services provided for, in-flight entertainment systems sold to other airlines.
We maintain one of the lowest cost structures in the industry due to the young average age of our fleet, a productive workforce, and cost discipline. In 2009, we plan to continue our focus on cost control while improving the JetBlue Experience for our customers. The largest components of our operating expenses are aircraft fuel and salaries, wages and benefits provided to our employees. Unlike most airlines, we have a non-union workforce, which we believe provides us with more flexibility and allows us to be more productive, although we are subject to ongoing attempts at unionization. The price and availability of aircraft fuel, which is our single largest operating expense, are extremely volatile due to global economic and geopolitical factors that we can neither control nor accurately predict. Sales and marketing expenses include advertising and fees paid to credit card companies. Our distribution costs tend to be lower than those of most other airlines on a per unit basis because the majority of our customers book directly through our website or our agents. Maintenance materials and repairs are expensed when incurred unless covered by a third party services contract. Because the average age of our aircraft is 3.6 years, all of our aircraft require less maintenance now than they will in the future. Our maintenance costs will increase significantly, both on an absolute basis and as a percentage of our unit costs, as our fleet ages. Other operating expenses consist of purchased services (including expenses related to fueling, ground handling, skycap, security and janitorial services), insurance, personnel expenses, cost of goods sold to other airlines by LiveTV, professional fees, passenger refreshments, supplies, bad debts, communication costs, gains on aircraft sales and taxes other than payroll taxes, including fuel taxes.
The airline industry is one of the most heavily taxed in the U.S., with taxes and fees accounting for approximately 14% of the total fare charged to a customer. Airlines are obligated to fund all of these taxes and fees regardless of their ability to pass these charges on to the customer. Additionally, if the TSA changes the way the Aviation Security Infrastructure Fee is assessed, our security costs may be higher.
The airline industry has been intensely competitive in recent years, due in part to persistently high fuel prices and the adverse financial condition of many of the domestic airlines. In 2005 US Airways and America West merged, and each of Delta Air Lines and Northwest Airlines filed for bankruptcy protection. Both Delta and Northwest emerged from bankruptcy in 2007 with lower costs and, in 2008, they merged their operations,
actions which have, and will continue to allow them to compete more vigorously. In 2008, as a result of continued high fuel prices and challenging economic conditions, at least eight domestic airlines ceased their operations. We are unable to predict what the effect of further industry consolidation would be for us or for the airline industry in general.
Our ability to be profitable in this competitive environment depends on, among other things, operating at costs equal to or lower than those of our competitors, continuing to provide high quality customer service and maintaining adequate liquidity levels. Although we have been able to raise capital and continue to grow, the highly competitive nature of the airline industry and the impact of the current economic recession could prevent us from attaining the passenger traffic or yields required to be profitable in new and existing markets.
The highest levels of traffic and revenue on our routes to and from Florida are generally realized from October through April, and on our routes to and from the western United States in the summer. Many of our areas of operations in the Northeast experience bad weather conditions in the winter, causing increased costs associated with de-icing aircraft, cancelled flights and accommodating displaced passengers. Our Florida and Caribbean routes experience bad weather conditions in the summer and fall due to thunderstorms and hurricanes. As we enter new markets, we could be subject to additional seasonal variations along with competitive responses to our entry by other airlines. Given our high proportion of fixed costs, this seasonality may cause our results of operations to vary from quarter to quarter.
Outlook for 2009
Our focus in 2009 will continue to be on rational growth, rigorous cost control and revenue optimization while managing risk in an uncertain and recessionary economic environment. We expect the slower growth trend that we began to see in 2008 to continue through 2009. However, we will continue to reallocate capacity in order to take advantage of market opportunities, including potential further reductions in transcontinental flights and an increased Caribbean presence. In addition, we are continuously looking to expand our other revenue opportunities.
We expect our full-year operating capacity for 2009 to decrease approximately 2%
to 0% over 2008 with the addition of three new Airbus A320 aircraft and eight
new EMBRAER 190 aircraft to our operating fleet, offset by the planned lease
return of one of our Airbus A320 aircraft during the year and the sale of two of
our EMBRAER 190 aircraft in January 2009. Assuming fuel prices of $1.99 per
gallon, net of effective hedges, our cost per available seat mile for 2009 is
expected to decrease by 5% to 7% over 2008. Our operating margin is expected to
be between 12% and 14% and our pre-tax margin is expected to be between 6% and
8% for the full year. We expect our corrected first quarter 2009 weighted shares
outstanding to be 243.9 (basic and diluted) with full year 2009 estimates to be
244.6 (basic) and 275.6 (diluted).
Results of Operations
The U.S. domestic airline environment was extremely challenging throughout 2008 primarily due to high aircraft fuel prices and vigorous price competition, along with a softening demand environment attributable to deteriorating economic conditions. However, due to the optimization of our own fare mix, average fares for the year increased 13% over 2007 to $139, while load factor declined 0.3 points to 80.4% from the full year 2007.
Our on-time performance, defined by the DOT as arrivals within 14 minutes of schedule, was 73.2% in 2008 compared to 70.2% in 2007. While we saw some improvement in our on-time performance on a year-over-year, it continued to be affected by the fact that a significant percentage of our flights operate out of three of the most congested and delay-prone airports in the U.S., as reflected by our 98.4% and 98.0% completion factors in 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Year 2008 Compared to Year 2007
We reported a net loss of $76 million in 2008 compared to net income of $18 million in 2007. In 2008, we had operating income of $109 million, a decrease of $60 million over 2007, and our operating margin was 3.2%, down 2.8 points from 2007. Diluted loss per share was $0.34 for 2008 compared to diluted earnings per share of $0.10 for 2007.
Operating Revenues. Operating revenues increased 19%, or $546 million, primarily due to an increase in passenger revenues. The $420 million increase in passenger revenues was attributable to a 14% increase in yield due to higher average fare offset by a slightly lower load factor. Passenger revenues were also higher due to a 5% increase in departures. Included in passenger revenues are the fees collected from passengers related to our new EML product upgrade.
Other revenue increased 61%, or $126 million, primarily due to higher change fees and excess baggage fees of $68 million resulting from more passengers, the introduction of the second checked bag fee in 2008, and increased change fee rates. Other revenue also increased due to higher LiveTV third-party revenues, rental income, mail revenues, in-flight sales, and the marketing component of TrueBlue point sales.
Operating Expenses. Operating expenses increased 23%, or $606 million, primarily due to a 43% increase in average fuel price per gallon and operating an average of 12 additional aircraft, which provided us with higher capacity. Operating capacity increased 2% to 32.44 billion available seat miles in 2008 due to having 9% more average aircraft in-service. Operating expenses per available seat mile increased 21% to 10.11 cents. Excluding fuel, our cost per available seat mile increased 9% in 2008. In detail, operating costs per available seat mile were (percent changes are based on unrounded numbers):
Year Ended December 31, Percent
2008 2007 Change
(in cents)
Operating expenses:
Aircraft fuel 4.17 2.91 43.1 %
Salaries, wages and benefits 2.14 2.03 5.2
Landing fees and other rents .62 .57 8.8
Depreciation and amortization .63 .55 14.7
Aircraft rent .40 .39 2.5
Sales and marketing .47 .38 23.4
Maintenance materials and repairs .39 .33 18.4
Other operating expenses 1.29 1.22 6.6
Total operating expenses 10.11 8.38 20.6 %
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In 2008, our average aircraft utilization declined 5% to 12.1. A lower aircraft utilization results in fewer available seat miles and, therefore, higher unit costs. We estimate that more a significant portion of the year-over-year increase in our total cost per available seat mile was attributable to the decrease in our aircraft utilization and also was a significant factor of the increase in each component.
Aircraft fuel expense increased 46%, or $423 million, which includes the effective portion of fuel hedging, due to a 43% increase in average fuel cost per gallon, and nine million more gallons of aircraft fuel consumed resulting in $20 million of additional fuel expense. Aircraft fuel prices continued to ascend to record high levels during most of 2008, with our average fuel price per gallon at $2.98 compared to $2.09 for the year ended December 31, 2007. Our fuel costs represented 41% and 35% of our operating expenses in 2008 and 2007, respectively. Based on our expected fuel volume for 2009, a $.10 per gallon increase in the cost of aircraft fuel would increase our annual fuel expense by approximately $47 million. Cost per available seat mile increased 43% primarily due to higher fuel prices.
Salaries, wages and benefits increased 7%, or $46 million, due primarily to a 4% increase in average full-time equivalent employees and increases in pay rates, offset by a decrease in overtime pay that was incurred in connection with the weather-related events in the first quarter of 2007. The increase in average full-time equivalent employees is partially driven by our policy of not furloughing employees during economic downturns. Cost per available seat mile increased 5% as a result of the increases in salaries, wages, and benefits
Landing fees and other rents increased 11%, or $19 million, due to a 5% increase in departures over 2007 and increased airport rents associated with increased rates in existing markets as well as the opening of two new cities in 2008. Cost per available seat mile increased 9% due to the increased rents.
Depreciation and amortization increased 17%, or $29 million, primarily due to having an average of 85 owned and capital leased aircraft in 2008 compared to 78 in 2007 and an $8 million asset write-off related to our temporary terminal facility at JFK in 2008, as well as $5 million in depreciation related to our new terminal at JFK in 2008. Cost per available seat mile was 15% higher due to the asset write-off.
Aircraft rent increased 4%, or $5 million, due to operating an average of five more aircraft under operating leases in 2008 compared to 2007. Cost per available seat mile increased 3% due to a higher percentage of our fleet being leased.
Sales and marketing expense increased 26%, or $30 million, primarily due to $16 million in higher credit card fees resulting from increased passenger revenues and $5 million in commissions related to our participation in GDSs, as well as $10 million in higher advertising costs in 2008, which included the launch of our "Happy Jetting" campaign. On a cost per available seat mile basis, sales and marketing expense increased 23%, primarily due to higher advertising costs and higher credit card fees associated with our increase in average fares. We book the majority of our reservations through a combination of our website and our agents (77% and 10% in 2008, respectively).
Maintenance materials and repairs increased 19%, or $21 million, due to 12 more average operating aircraft in 2008 compared to 2007 and a gradual aging of our fleet. Cost per available seat mile increased 18%, primarily due to an increase in the average age of our fleet. Maintenance expense is expected to increase significantly as our fleet ages.
Other operating expenses increased 8%, or $33 million, primarily due to taxes associated with the increase in fuel price, more LiveTV third-party customers, higher variable costs associated with a 2% increase in capacity and a 3% increase in the number of passengers served. Other operating expenses include the impact of $23 million and $7 million in gains on sales of aircraft in 2008 and 2007, respectively. Other operating expenses were further offset in 2008 by $7 million for certain tax incentives. Cost per available seat mile increased 7% due primarily to additional LiveTV third-party customer installations and taxes associated with the increase in fuel price.
Other Income (Expense). Interest expense increased 3%, or $7 million, primarily due to the impact of partial conversion of our 5.5% convertible debentures due 2038 and the associated $11 million of accelerated payments from the escrow accounts for these securities, $2 million in issuance cost write-offs and increases of $33 million in interest associated with the debt financing for new aircraft deliveries and other non-aircraft related debt. Interest expense was reduced by approximately $43 million due to lower interest rates and the scheduled pay downs of our long-term debt obligations and an additional $8 million related to retired debt for sold aircraft. Interest expense also included an increased accretion in interest related to the construction obligation for our new terminal at JFK, of which $12 million was capitalized. This increase in capitalized interest was offset by lower balances on our pre-delivery deposit facility and lower interest rates.
Interest income and other decreased 102%, or $55 million, primarily due to a $53 million net impairment charge for ARS and a $20 million decrease in interest income due to lower rates of return in 2008, offset partially by $18 million in gains on the extinguishment of debt.
Our effective tax rate was 0% in 2008 compared to 55% in 2007, mainly due to the establishment of a valuation allowance of $21 million related to our $67 million ARS impairment. Our effective tax rate differs from the statutory income tax rate due to the non deductibility of certain items for tax purposes and the relative size of these items to our pre-tax loss of $76 million in 2008 and pre-tax income $41 million in 2007.
Year 2007 Compared to Year 2006
We had net income of $18 million in 2007 compared to a net loss of $1 million in 2006. In 2007, we had operating income of $169 million, an increase of $42 million over 2006, and our operating margin was 6.0%, up 0.6 points from 2006. Diluted earnings per share were $0.10 for 2007 and $0.00 for 2006.
Operating Revenues. Operating revenues increased 20%, or $479 million, primarily due to an increase in passenger revenues. The $413 million increase in passenger revenues was attributable to a 7.4% increase in
yield due to higher average fare offset by a slightly lower load factor. Passenger revenues were also higher due to a 24% increase in departures.
Other revenue increased 47%, or $66 million, primarily due to higher change fees and excess baggage fees of $28 million resulting from more passengers and higher rates. Other revenue also increased due to higher LiveTV third-party revenues of $12 million, rental income of $8 million, mail revenues of $3 million and the marketing component of TrueBlue pint sales of $3 million.
Operating Expenses. Operating expenses increased 20%, or $437 million, primarily due to operating an average of 21 additional aircraft, which provided us with higher capacity, and a 5% increase in average fuel price per gallon. Operating capacity increased 12% to 31.9 billion available seat miles in 2007 due to having 20% more average aircraft in-service. Our increase in capacity was partially offset by a 3% reduction in available seat miles due to the removal of a row of seats on our Airbus A320 aircraft in the first quarter of 2007. Operating expenses per available seat mile increased 7% to 8.38 cents. Excluding fuel, our cost per available seat mile increased 5% in 2007. In detail, operating costs per available seat mile were (percent changes are based on unrounded numbers):
Year Ended December 31, Percent
2007 2006 Change
(in cents)
Operating expenses:
Aircraft fuel 2.91 2.63 10.7 %
Salaries, wages and benefits 2.03 1.94 5.1
Landing fees and other rents .57 .55 2.5
Depreciation and amortization .55 .53 4.2
Aircraft rent .39 .36 7.2
Sales and marketing .38 .36 4.3
Maintenance materials and repairs .33 .30 8.8
Other operating expenses 1.22 1.15 6.2
Total operating expenses 8.38 7.82 7.1 %
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In 2007, our average stage length declined 5% to 1,129 miles due to increased operation of the shorter-range EMBRAER 190 aircraft. A shorter average stage length results in fewer available seat miles and, therefore, higher unit costs. We estimate that more than half of the year-over-year increase in our total cost per available seat mile was attributable to the decrease in our average stage length and also was a significant factor of the increase in each component.
Aircraft fuel expense increased 24%, or $177 million, due to 67 million more gallons of aircraft fuel consumed resulting in $133 million of additional fuel expense and a 5% increase in average fuel cost per gallon, or $44 million. Aircraft fuel prices remained at or near historically high levels in 2007, with our average fuel price per gallon at $2.09 compared to $1.99 for the year ended December 31, 2006. Our fuel costs represented 35% and 34% of our operating expenses in 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our fuel consumption per block hour decreased 3% due to utilization of the lighter EMBRAER 190 aircraft and various fuel conservation initiatives. Cost per available seat mile increased 11% primarily due to higher fuel prices and decreased stage length.
Salaries, wages and benefits increased 17%, or $95 million, due primarily to changes in our employee retirement plan, increases in our 2007 pilot pay rates, increased profit sharing, and overtime pay resulting from the weather-related events in the first quarter of 2007. Specifically, we recorded $20 million of profit sharing in 2007 compared to $3 million in 2006. Cost per available seat mile increased 5% as a result of the 2007 pilot pay increases and profit sharing.
Landing fees and other rents increased 14%, or $22 million, due to a 24% increase in departures over 2006 and increased airport rents associated with . . .
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