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R > SEC Filings for R > Form 10-K on 11-Feb-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for RYDER SYSTEM INC


11-Feb-2009

Annual Report


ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in Item 8 of this report on Form 10-K. The following MD&A describes the principal factors affecting results of operations, financial resources, liquidity, contractual cash obligations, and critical accounting estimates.

OVERVIEW

Ryder System, Inc. (Ryder) is a global leader in transportation and supply chain management solutions. Our business is divided into three business segments, which operate in highly competitive markets. Our customers select us based on numerous factors including service quality, price, technology and service offerings. As an alternative to using our services, customers may choose to provide these services for themselves, or may choose to obtain similar or alternative services from other third-party vendors. Our customer base includes enterprises operating in a variety of industries including automotive, electronics, transportation, grocery, lumber and wood products, food service, and home furnishing.

The Fleet Management Solutions (FMS) business segment is our largest segment providing full service leasing, contract maintenance, contract-related maintenance, and commercial rental of trucks, tractors and trailers to customers principally in the U.S., Canada and the U.K. FMS revenue and assets in 2008 were $4.01 billion and $6.14 billion, respectively, representing 65% of our consolidated revenue and 92% of consolidated assets.

The Supply Chain Solutions (SCS) business segment provides comprehensive supply chain consulting including distribution and transportation services throughout North America and in South America, Europe and Asia. SCS revenue in 2008 was $1.64 billion, representing 26% of our consolidated revenue.

The Dedicated Contract Carriage (DCC) business segment provides vehicles and drivers as part of a dedicated transportation solution in the U.S. DCC revenue in 2008 was $548 million, representing 9% of our consolidated revenue.

2008 was a year of significant accomplishments for us, as we delivered strong earnings, operating revenue growth and positive free cash flow following more than two full years of a U.S. freight recession. We also successfully completed four accretive acquisitions in 2008. However, in the fourth quarter of 2008, we saw significant deterioration in general economic conditions, particularly affecting our transactional commercial rental business. In December 2008, we announced several strategic actions, including discontinuing certain operations and workforce reductions, that will better position us for the market conditions we anticipate in the upcoming year.

Total revenue was $6.20 billion, down 6% from $6.57 billion in 2007. Revenue comparisons were impacted by a previously announced change from gross to net revenue reporting in a subcontracted transportation agreement, which had no impact on operating revenue or earnings. Excluding this item, total revenue increased 5% primarily as a result of higher fuel services revenue. Operating revenue (total revenue less fuel and subcontracted transportation) was $4.70 billion in 2008, up 1%. Operating revenue growth was driven by contractual revenue, including acquisitions in our FMS business segment, new and expanded business in SCS partially offset by lower commercial rental revenue.

Net earnings decreased to $200 million from $254 million in 2007 and net earnings per diluted common share decreased to $3.52 from $4.24 in 2007. Net earnings included certain items we do not consider indicative of our ongoing operations and have been excluded from our comparable earnings measure. The


Table of Contents

                ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
          FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - (Continued)

following discussion provides a summary of the 2008 and 2007 special items which
are discussed in more detail throughout our MD&A and within the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements:


                                                              NBT          Net Earnings         EPS
                                                                     (Dollars in thousands,
                                                                   except per share amounts)

2008
Earnings / EPS                                             $ 349,922      $      199,881      $  3.52
• Restructuring and other charges primarily related to
exit costs associated with a previously announced plan
to discontinue certain international supply chain
operations and workforce reductions                           58,435              53,159         0.94
• Benefit associated with the reversal of reserves for
uncertain tax positions due to the expiration of
statutes of limitation in various jurisdictions                    -              (7,931 )      (0.14 )
• Benefit from a tax law change in Massachusetts                   -              (1,614 )      (0.03 )
• Brazil charges for prior years' adjustments(1)               6,498               6,831         0.12
• Charges related to impairments and write-offs of
international assets(1)                                        5,548               4,427         0.08

Comparable earnings                                        $ 420,403      $      254,753      $  4.49

2007
Earnings / EPS                                             $ 405,464      $      253,861      $  4.24
• Benefit from tax law changes in Canada                           -              (3,333 )      (0.06 )
• Gain on sale of property(1)                                (10,110 )            (6,154 )      (0.10 )
• Restructuring and other charges related to cost
management and process improvement actions                    11,578               7,536         0.13

Comparable earnings                                        $ 406,932      $      251,910      $  4.21

(1) Refer to Note 25, "Other Items Impacting Comparability," in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Excluding the special items listed above, comparable net earnings were $255 million, up 1% from $252 million in 2007. Comparable earnings per diluted common share were $4.49, up 7% from $4.21 in 2007. Earnings growth in the FMS and DCC business segments was largely offset by a decline in SCS earnings.

With our strong earnings and cash flows, we repurchased a total of 4 million shares of common stock in 2008 for $256 million. We also increased our annual dividend by 10% to $0.92 per share of common stock. In addition, during 2008, we paid $246 million and acquired the assets of Lily Transportation, Gator Leasing, Gordon Truck Leasing and Transpacific Container Terminal Ltd. and CRSA Logistics Ltd.

Capital expenditures increased to $1.27 billion compared to $1.19 billion in 2007. The growth in capital expenditures reflects higher full service lease vehicle spending for replacements and expansion of customer fleets. Our debt balances grew 3% to $2.86 billion at December 31, 2008 due to acquisitions and share repurchase programs. Our debt to equity ratio also increased to 213% from 147% in 2007. Our total obligations (including off-balance sheet debt) to equity ratio also increased to 225% from 157% in 2007. Leverage ratios were impacted by the unrecognized pension plan losses, share repurchases, foreign currency translation adjustments and acquisitions.

2009 Outlook

In 2009, we plan to manage through the impacts of a prolonged economic recession by focusing our efforts on the cyclical impacts in commercial rental and used vehicle sales and concentrating on cost improvement actions. We expect 2009 comparable earnings per diluted common share to decline because of


Table of Contents

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - (Continued)

higher pension expense, lower commercial rental and used vehicle sales results and lower volumes, particularly in the automotive industry. We expect to partially offset these negative impacts through cost reduction initiatives, operational improvements and the carryover impact of acquisitions and share repurchases. In 2009, we will continue to focus on our contractual revenue growth and retention strategies, including the evaluation of selective acquisitions, while retaining financial discipline. Total revenue is targeted to decrease by 10% to 16% while operating revenue is expected to decrease by 5% to 11%. The 2009 forecast for total revenue includes the adverse impact of lower anticipated fuel prices and unfavorable foreign exchange rates.

ITEMS AFFECTING COMPARABILITY BETWEEN PERIODS

Revenue Reporting

In transportation management arrangements where we act as principal, revenue is reported on a gross basis for subcontracted transportation services billed to our customers. We realize minimal changes in profitability as a result of fluctuations in subcontracted transportation. Determining whether revenue should be reported as gross (within total revenue) or net (deducted from total revenue) is based on an assessment of whether we are acting as the principal or the agent in the transaction and involves judgment based on the terms and conditions of the arrangement. Effective January 1, 2008, our contractual relationship with a significant customer for certain transportation management services changed, and we determined, after a formal review of the terms and conditions of the services, that we were acting as an agent based on the revised terms of the arrangement. This contract modification required a change in revenue recognition from a gross basis to a net basis for subcontracted transportation beginning on January 1, 2008. This contract represented $640 million and $565 million of total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Accounting Changes

See Note 2, "Accounting Changes," for a discussion of the impact of changes in accounting standards.

ACQUISITIONS

We have completed various asset purchase agreements in the past two years, under
which we acquired a company's fleet and contractual customers. The FMS
acquisitions operate under Ryder's name and complement our existing market
coverage and service network. The results of these acquisitions have been
included in our consolidated results since the dates of acquisition.


                               Business                                         Contractual
      Company Acquired         Segment           Date           Vehicles         Customers            Market

Gordon Truck Leasing             FMS       August 29, 2008            500                130       Pennsylvania
Gator Leasing, Inc.              FMS         May 12, 2008           2,300                300         Florida
Lily Transportation Corp.        FMS       January 11, 2008         1,600                200      Northeast U.S.
Pollock NationaLease           FMS/SCS     October 5, 2007          2,000                200          Canada

On December 19, 2008, we completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Transpacific Container Terminal Ltd. and CRSA Logistics Ltd. (CRSA) in Canada, as well as CRSA operations in Hong Kong and Shanghai, China. This strategic acquisition adds complementary solutions to our SCS capabilities including consolidation services in key Asian hubs, as well as deconsolidation operations in Vancouver, Toronto and Montreal.


Table of Contents

                ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
          FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - (Continued)

FULL YEAR CONSOLIDATED RESULTS


                                                          Years ended December 31                      Change
                                                                                                  2008/      2007/
                                                    2008             2007           2006          2007       2006
                                                     (Dollars and shares in thousands,
                                                         except per share amounts)

Earnings before income taxes                    $    349,922         405,464        392,973       (14)%       3%
Provision for income taxes                           150,041         151,603        144,014       (1)         5

Net earnings                                    $    199,881         253,861        248,959       (21)%       2%


Per diluted common share                        $       3.52            4.24           4.04       (17)%       5%


Weighted-average shares outstanding - Diluted         56,790          59,845         61,578        (5)%      (3)%

Earnings before income taxes (NBT) decreased to $350 million in 2008 compared to $405 million in 2007. NBT in 2008 included a fourth quarter restructuring charge primarily associated with a plan to discontinue current supply chain operations in Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Europe. Comparable NBT increased to $420 million compared to $407 million in the prior year. The improvement in comparable NBT was driven by better operating performance in our FMS contractual business partially offset by a decline in commercial rental results and reduced profitability in our SCS business segment. Net earnings decreased to $200 million in 2008 or $3.52. Net earnings in 2008 included income tax benefits primarily related to the reversal of reserves for uncertain tax positions. Comparable net earnings increased to $255 million or $4.49 in 2008 from $252 million or $4.21 in 2007 due to the improvement in NBT. This improvement was slightly offset by a higher tax rate on comparable earnings resulting from an increase in non-deductible foreign losses. Earnings per diluted common share growth in 2008 exceeded the net earnings growth rate reflecting the impact of share repurchase programs.

NBT increased to $405 million in 2007 compared to $393 million in 2006. NBT in 2007 included restructuring charges and a gain on the sale of property. Comparable NBT increased to $407 million compared to $399 million in 2006 reflecting the benefits of (i) lower pension costs; (ii) contractual revenue growth in the FMS business segment; (iii) lower safety and insurance costs;
(iv) lower incentive-based compensation; and (v) lower depreciation as a result of our annual depreciation review implemented January 1, 2007. These items more than offset the significant impact of weak U.S. commercial rental market demand and lower used vehicle sales results in our FMS business segment. Net earnings increased to $254 million in 2007 compared to $249 million in 2006. Net earnings in 2007 included an income tax benefit primarily associated with enacted changes in Canadian tax laws. Net earnings in 2006 included an income tax benefit associated with enacted changes in Texas and Canadian tax laws. Comparable net earnings increased to $252 million or $4.21 in 2007 from $246 million or $3.99 in 2006. Earnings per diluted common share growth in 2007 exceeded the net earnings growth rate reflecting the impact of share repurchase programs.


Table of Contents

                ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
          FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - (Continued)

See subsequent discussion within "Full Year Consolidated Results" and "Full Year
Operating Results by Business Segment" for additional information on the results
noted above.


                                          Years ended December 31                  Change
                                                                                2008/   2007/
                                   2008            2007            2006         2007    2006
                                          (Dollars in thousands)

  Revenue:
  Fleet Management Solutions    $ 4,450,016       4,162,644       4,096,046       7%      2%
  Supply Chain Solutions          1,643,056       2,250,282       2,028,489     (27)     11
  Dedicated Contract Carriage       547,751         567,640         568,842      (4)      -
  Eliminations                     (437,080 )      (414,571 )      (386,734 )    (5)     (7)

  Total                         $ 6,203,743       6,565,995       6,306,643      (6)%     4%


  Operating revenue(1)          $ 4,704,506       4,636,557       4,454,231       1%      4%

(1) We use operating revenue, a non-GAAP financial measure, to evaluate the operating performance of our businesses and as a measure of sales activity. FMS fuel services revenue net of related intersegment billings, which is directly impacted by fluctuations in market fuel prices, is excluded from the operating revenue computation as fuel is largely a pass-through to our customers for which we realize minimal changes in profitability during periods of steady market fuel prices. However, profitability may be positively or negatively impacted by increases or decreases in market fuel prices during a short period of time as customer pricing for fuel services is established based on market fuel costs. Subcontracted transportation revenue in our SCS and DCC business segments is excluded from the operating revenue computation as subcontracted transportation is largely a pass-through to our customers and we realize minimal changes in profitability as a result of fluctuations in subcontracted transportation. Refer to the section titled "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for a reconciliation of total revenue to operating revenue.

Total revenue decreased 6% to $6.20 billion in 2008 compared with 2007. Total revenue in 2008 was impacted by a change, effective January 1, 2008, in our contractual relationship with a significant customer that required a change in revenue recognition from a gross basis to a net basis for subcontracted transportation. This change did not impact operating revenue or earnings. During 2007, total revenue from this contractual relationship was $640 million. Excluding this item, total revenue increased 5% during 2008 compared with 2007 primarily as a result of higher fuel services revenue. Operating revenue increased 1% primarily due to FMS contractual revenue growth, including acquisitions, which more than offset the decline in commercial rental revenue. Total revenue in 2008 included an unfavorable foreign exchange impact of 0.3% due primarily to the weakening of the British pound.

Total revenue increased 4% to $6.57 billion in 2007 compared with 2006. Total revenue growth was driven by contractual revenue growth in our SCS and FMS business segments, and by favorable movements in foreign currency exchange rates related to our international operations, offset partially by a decline in FMS commercial rental revenue. SCS revenue growth was due primarily to new and expanded business. Contractual revenue growth in our FMS segment, principally full service lease revenue, resulted from new contract sales and lease replacements beginning in the second half of 2006. We realized revenue growth in all geographic markets served by FMS in 2007. Total revenue in 2007 included a favorable foreign exchange impact of 1.2% due primarily to the strengthening of the Canadian dollar and British pound.

Our FMS segment leases revenue earning equipment and provides fuel, maintenance and other ancillary services to our SCS and DCC segments. Eliminations relate to inter-segment sales that are accounted for at


Table of Contents

                ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
          FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - (Continued)

rates similar to those executed with third parties. The increases in
eliminations in 2008 and 2007, reflects primarily the pass-through of higher
average fuel costs.


                                                  Years ended December 31                 Change
                                                                                     2008/      2007/
                                               2008         2007         2006        2007       2006
                                                   (Dollars in thousands)

Operating expense (exclusive of items
shown separately)                           $3,029,673    2,776,999    2,735,752      9%         2%
Percentage of revenue                          49%           42%          43%

Operating expense increased in 2008 compared with 2007 from the impact of higher fuel costs due to higher average market prices. Fuel costs are largely a pass-through to customers for which we realize minimal changes in profitability during periods of steady market fuel prices. We continue to realize favorable development in prior years' self-insurance loss reserves and as a result benefited from lower safety and insurance costs. In recent years, our development has been favorable compared with historical selected loss development factors because of improved safety performance, payment patterns and settlement patterns.

Operating expense increased in 2007 compared with 2006 in conjunction with the growth in operating revenue as well as higher fuel costs due to higher average market prices. The increase in operating expense was partially offset by lower safety and insurance costs due to favorable development in prior years' self-insurance loss reserves.

                                            Years ended December 31            Change
                                                                            2008/   2007/
                                          2008        2007        2006      2007    2006
                                             (Dollars in thousands)

 Salaries and employee-related costs   $1,399,121   1,410,388   1,397,391   (1)%     1%
 Percentage of revenue                    23%          21%         22%
 Percentage of operating revenue          30%          30%         31%

Salaries and employee-related costs decreased in 2008 compared with 2007 primarily due to lower headcount, including cost savings initiatives from 2007. Average headcount decreased 3% in 2008 compared with 2007. The number of employees at December 31, 2008 decreased to approximately 28,000 compared to 28,800 at December 31, 2007. We expect headcount to decline in 2009 due to the previously announced strategic initiatives.

Pension expense totaled $3 million in 2008 compared to $29 million in 2007. Lower pension expense was primarily a result of the freeze of our U.S. and Canadian pension plans. On January 5, 2007, our Board of Directors approved an amendment to freeze U.S. pension plans effective December 31, 2007 for current participants who did not meet certain grandfathering criteria. As a result, these employees ceased accruing further benefits after December 31, 2007 and began participating in an enhanced 401(k) plan. During the third quarter of 2008, our Board of Directors approved the freeze of the defined benefit portion of the Canadian retirement plan, which resulted in a curtailment gain of $4 million. In connection with the freeze of the pension plans, we provided an enhanced 401(k) savings plan to employees. See Note 23, "Employee Benefit Plans," in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information regarding these items. Total savings plan costs increased $20 million during 2008 primarily as a result of the enhanced 401(k) plan. The net impact of pension and savings plan costs was a net decrease of $6 million for 2008 compared with 2007.

We apply actuarial methods to determine the annual net periodic pension expense and pension plan liabilities. Each December, we review actual experience compared with the more significant assumptions used and make adjustments to our assumptions, if warranted. In determining our annual estimate of periodic pension cost, we are required to make an evaluation of critical factors, such as discount rate and the expected


Table of Contents

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - (Continued)

long-term rate of return on assets. Accounting guidance applicable to pension plans does not require immediate recognition of the current year effects of a deviation between these assumptions and actual experience. We have experienced significant negative pension asset returns in 2008 the result of which will materially increase pension expense for 2009. We expect 2009 pension expense, on a pre-tax basis, to increase approximately $62 million primarily because of a lower than expected return on assets in 2008 partially offset by higher discount rates. See the section titled "Critical Accounting Estimates - Pension Plans" for further discussion on pension accounting estimates.

Salaries and employee-related costs increased in 2007 compared with 2006 primarily as a result of merit increases and higher outside labor costs from new and expanded business in our SCS business segment offset partially by lower pension expense and incentive-based compensation. Average headcount increased 2% in 2007 compared with 2006. Pension expense decreased $41 million in 2007 compared with 2006 due to (i) higher expected return on assets because of prior year actual returns and contributions, and (ii) the impact of higher interest rate levels at December 31, 2006. Incentive-based compensation expense decreased $15 million in 2007 compared with 2006, as we achieved a lower level of performance relative to target in 2007.

                                        Years ended December 31          Change
                                                                     2008/   2007/
                                        2008      2007      2006     2007     2006
                                         (Dollars in thousands)

       Subcontracted transportation   $323,382   950,500   865,475   (66)%      10%
       Percentage of revenue             5%        14%       14%

Subcontracted transportation expense represents freight management costs on logistics contracts for which we purchase transportation from third parties. Subcontracted transportation expense decreased in 2008 as a result of net reporting from a contract change. Subcontracted transportation expense in 2007 grew due to increased volumes of freight management activity from new and expanded business and higher average pricing on subcontracted freight costs, resulting from increased fuel costs.

Subcontracted transportation expense is directly impacted by whether we are acting as an agent or principal in our transportation management contracts. To the extent that we are acting as a principal, revenue is reported on a gross basis and carriage costs to third parties are recorded as subcontracted transportation expense. The impact to net earnings is the same whether we are acting as an agent or principal in the arrangement. Effective January 1, 2008, our contractual relationship with a significant customer changed, and we determined, after a formal review of the terms and conditions of the services, we were acting as an agent based on the revised terms of the arrangement. As a result, the amount of total revenue and subcontracted transportation expense . . .

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