|
Quotes & Info
|
| BRCM > SEC Filings for BRCM > Form 10-K on 4-Feb-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
4-Feb-2009
Annual Report
You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes thereto included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Report and the "Risk Factors" included in Part I, Item 1A of this Report, as well as other cautionary statements and risks described elsewhere in this Report, before deciding to purchase, hold or sell our common stock.
As a reminder, you should not rely on financial information included in the reports on Form 10-K, Form 10-Q and Form 8-K previously filed by Broadcom, the related opinions of our independent registered public accounting firm, or earnings press releases and similar communications issued by us, for periods ended on or before March 31, 2006, all of which have been superseded in their entirety by the information contained in our amended Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2005 and our amended Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the three months ended March 31, 2006, each filed January 23, 2007. For a discussion of the restated financial information contained in the amended Reports, see "Equity Award Review," below.
Overview
Broadcom Corporation is a major technology innovator and global leader in semiconductors for wired and wireless communications. Our products enable the delivery of voice, video, data and multimedia to and throughout the home, the office and the mobile environment. Broadcom provides the industry's broadest portfolio of state-of-the-art system-on-a-chip and software solutions to manufacturers of computing and networking equipment, digital entertainment and broadband access products, and mobile devices. Our diverse product portfolio includes solutions for digital cable, satellite and Internet Protocol (IP) set-top boxes and media servers; high definition television (HDTV); high definition DVD players and personal video recording (PVR) devices; cable and DSL modems and residential gateways; high-speed transmission and switching for local, metropolitan, wide area and storage networking; server solutions; broadband network and security processors; wireless and personal area networking; cellular communications; global positioning system (GPS) applications; mobile multimedia and applications processors; mobile power management; and Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) gateway and telephony systems.
Net Revenue. Our net revenue is generated principally by sales of our semiconductor products. We derive the remainder of our net revenue predominantly from royalty revenue received pursuant to a patent license agreement and, to a much lesser extent, software licenses, support and maintenance agreements, data services and cancellation fees. The majority of our sales occur through the efforts of our direct sales force. The remaining balance of our sales occurs through distributors.
We sell our products to leading manufacturers of wired and wireless communications equipment in each of our target markets. Because we leverage our technologies across different markets, certain of our integrated circuits may be incorporated into equipment used in multiple markets. We utilize independent foundries and third-party subcontractors to manufacture, assemble and test all of our semiconductor products.
The following table presents details of our net revenue:
Years Ended December 31,
2008 2007 2006
Sales of semiconductor products 95.5 % 98.2 % 99.4 %
Royalty and other 4.5 (1) 1.8 (1) 0.6
100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
|
(1) Includes royalties in the amounts of $149.2 million and $31.8 million in 2008 and 2007, respectively, received pursuant to a patent license agreement entered into in July 2007.
Years Ended December 31,
2008 2007 2006
Sales made through direct sales force 84.3 % 85.0 % 85.1 %
Sales made through distributors 15.7 15.0 14.9
100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
|
Sales made through distributors increased slightly in 2008 due to new product ramps for our mobile and wireless and broadband communications products, principally in Asia.
The demand for our products has been affected in the past, and may continue to be affected in the future, by various factors, including, but not limited to, the following:
• general economic and political conditions and specific conditions in the
markets we address, including the continuing volatility in the technology
sector and semiconductor industry, current general economic volatility,
trends in the broadband communications markets in various geographic
regions, including seasonality in sales of consumer products into which our
products are incorporated;
• the inability of certain of our customers who depend on credit to have
access to their traditional sources of credit to finance the purchase of
products from us, particularly in the current global economic environment,
which may lead them to reduce their level of purchases or to seek credit or
other accommodations from us;
• the timing, rescheduling or cancellation of significant customer orders and
our ability, as well as the ability of our customers, to manage inventory;
• our ability to specify, develop or acquire, complete, introduce, market and
transition to volume production new products and technologies in a cost
effective and timely manner;
• the rate at which our present and future customers and end-users adopt our
products and technologies in our target markets; and
• the qualification, availability and pricing of competing products and
technologies and the resulting effects on sales and pricing of our
products.
For these and other reasons, our net revenue and results of operations in 2008 and prior periods may not necessarily be indicative of future net revenue and results of operations.
From time to time, our key customers place large orders causing our quarterly net revenue to fluctuate significantly. We expect that these fluctuations will continue and that they may be exaggerated by the increasing volume of our products that are incorporated into consumer products, sales of which are typically subject to greater seasonality and greater volume fluctuations than non-consumer OEM products. We also maintain inventory, or hubbing, arrangements with certain of our customers. Pursuant to these arrangements we deliver products to a customer or a designated third party warehouse based upon the customer's projected needs, but do not recognize product revenue unless and until the customer reports that it has removed our product from the warehouse to incorporate into its end products. Historically, we have had good visibility into customer requirements and shipments within a quarter. However, if a customer does not take our products under a hubbing arrangement in accordance with the schedule it originally provided to us, our predicted future revenue stream could vary substantially from our forecasts and our results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Additionally, since we own inventory that is physically located in a third party's warehouse, our ability to effectively manage inventory levels may be impaired, causing our total inventory turns to decrease, which could increase expenses associated with excess and obsolete product and negatively impact our cash flow.
Sales to our significant customers, including sales to their manufacturing subcontractors, as a percentage of net revenue were as follows:
Years Ended
December 31,
2008 2007 2006
Motorola * 11.2 % 15.4 %
Cisco(1) * * 11.2
|
* Less than 10% of net revenue.
(1) Includes sales to Scientific-Atlanta, which was acquired by Cisco in February 2006, for all periods presented.
As we have broadened our customer base, net revenue derived from these top customers as a percentage of net revenue has decreased, even though the absolute dollars of net revenue have increased in some cases. However, we expect that our largest customers will continue to account for a substantial portion of our net revenue in 2009 and for the foreseeable future. The identities of our largest customers and their respective contributions to our net
revenue have varied and will likely continue to vary from period to period. The primary factors that contributed to the decrease in net revenue from our top customers as a percentage of net revenue were: (i) product mix changes with some of our large customers, (ii) new product ramps at new customers that increased our total revenues and (iii) royalties received pursuant to a patent license agreement entered into in July 2007. Royalty revenue is currently expected to be recognized under this agreement through March 31, 2009.
Net revenue derived from all independent customers located outside the United States, excluding foreign subsidiaries or manufacturing subcontractors of customers that are headquartered in the United States even though such subsidiaries or manufacturing subcontractors are located outside of the United States, as a percentage of total net revenue was as follows:
Years Ended
December 31,
2008 2007 2006
Asia (primarily in Japan, Korea, China and Taiwan) 29.5 % 26.5 % 19.5 %
Europe (primarily in Finland, France and the United Kingdom) 10.5 8.5 8.4
Other 0.5 0.5 0.3
40.5 % 35.5 % 28.2 %
|
Net revenue derived from shipments to international destinations, as a percentage of total net revenue was as follows:
Years Ended
December 31,
2008 2007 2006
Asia (primarily in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan and Singapore) 83.5 % 81.2 % 79.2 %
Europe (primarily in Hungary, Germany and Sweden) 2.7 2.9 3.3
Other 2.5 3.3 4.0
88.7 % 87.4 % 86.5 %
|
All of our revenue to date has been denominated in U.S. dollars.
Gross Margin. Our gross margin, or gross profit as a percentage of net revenue, has been affected in the past, and may continue to be affected in the future, by various factors, including, but not limited to, the following:
• our product mix and volume of product sales (including sales to high volume
customers);
• the positions of our products in their respective life cycles;
• licensing and royalty revenue;
• the effects of competition;
• the effects of competitive pricing programs and rebates;
• manufacturing cost efficiencies and inefficiencies;
• fluctuations in direct product costs such as wafer pricing and assembly,
packaging and testing costs, and overhead costs;
• our ability to create cost advantages through successful integration and
convergence;
• product warranty costs;
• provisions for excess and obsolete inventories;
• amortization of purchased intangible assets;
• stock-based compensation expense; and
• reversals of unclaimed rebates and warranty reserves.
Net Income. Our net income has been affected in the past, and may continue to be affected in the future, by various factors, including, but not limited to, the following:
• stock-based compensation expense;
• required levels of research and development and other operating costs;
• licensing and royalty revenue;
• in-process research and development, or IPR&D;
• litigation costs and insurance recoveries;
• settlement costs;
• the loss of interest income resulting from lower average interest rates and
investment balance reductions resulting from expenditures on repurchases of
our Class A common stock;
• amortization of purchased intangible assets;
• impairment of goodwill and other long-lived assets;
• income tax benefits from adjustments to tax reserves of foreign
subsidiaries;
• deferral of revenue under multiple-element arrangements;
• other-than-temporary impairment of marketable securities and strategic
investments;
• gain (loss) on strategic investments; and
• restructuring costs or reversals thereof.
In 2008 our net income was $214.8 million (including $149.2 million in royalty revenue received pursuant to a patent license agreement entered into in July 2007) as compared to $213.3 million in 2007 (including $31.8 million in royalty revenue received pursuant to a patent license agreement entered into in July 2007), a difference of $1.5 million. This slight increase in profitability was primarily the result of a $413.7 million increase in operating expenses, a decrease in interest income of $78.9 million and an increase in provision for income taxes of $1.4 million, offset in part by increased gross profit of $500.9 million (including a $117.4 million net increase in royalty revenue) generated from a $881.7 million increase in net revenue.
Net revenue in 2008 increased across each of our three target markets:
(i) broadband communications, (ii) mobile and wireless and (iii) enterprise
networking. The increase in net revenue from our broadband communications target
market resulted primarily from an increase in demand for digital set-top box,
broadband modem, high definition DVD and digital TV products. The increase in
net revenue from our mobile and wireless target market resulted primarily from
strong growth driven by new products and customer ramps for our Bluetooth,
wireless LAN, touch controller and GPS product offerings, as well as a net
increase in royalty revenue in the amount of $117.4 million received pursuant to
a patent license agreement entered into in July 2007, offset in part by a
decrease in demand for our mobile multimedia product offerings. The increase in
net revenue from our enterprise networking target market resulted primarily from
an increase in demand attributable to our Ethernet switch, broadband network and
security processor product lines.
Operating expenses increased principally due to an increase in the number of
employees engaged in operating activities, and increased mask and prototyping
costs due to the continued transition of certain products to 65 nanometer
process technology. Operating expenses also increased due to (i) an increase in
cash compensation levels since December 31, 2007 as a result of our annual merit
increase program, (ii) an increase in impairment charges of goodwill and other
long-lived assets of $170.1 million primarily related to our mobile platforms
business group (iii) an increase in IPR&D charges of $26.9 million and
(iv) settlement costs of $15.8 million.
We expect research and development costs to also increase over the long term as a result of growth in, and the diversification of, the markets we serve, new product opportunities, the number of design wins that go into production, changes in our compensation policies, and any expansion into new markets and technologies.
Product Cycles. The cycle for test, evaluation and adoption of our products by customers can range from three to more than nine months, with an additional three to more than twelve months before a customer commences volume production of equipment incorporating our products. Due to this lengthy sales cycle, we may experience significant delays from the time we incur expenses for research and development, selling, general and administrative efforts, and investments in inventory, to the time we generate corresponding revenue, if any. The rate of new orders may vary significantly from month to month and quarter to quarter. If anticipated sales or shipments in any quarter do not occur when expected, expenses and inventory levels could be disproportionately high, and our results of operations for that quarter, and potentially for future quarters, would be materially and adversely affected.
Mobile Platforms Business. The development and introduction of new products often requires substantial research and development resources. During the last five years we have incurred substantial expenditures on the development of new products for the cellular handset market. Approximately 25% of the $1.498 billion in research
and development expense for 2008 was attributable to our mobile platforms business. However, this market is characterized by very long product development and sales cycles due to the significant qualification requirements of cellular handset makers and wireless network operators, and accordingly, it is common to experience significant delays from the time research and development efforts commence to the time corresponding revenues are generated. Due to these lengthy product development and sales cycles, our mobile platforms business had a material negative impact on our earnings in 2008, including impairment charges of $169.4 million recorded in the three months ended December 31, 2008 relating to this business and may continue to do so until we realize significant cellular revenues. See Note 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
In 2008 most of the revenue that we derived from our mobile platforms business related to the $149.2 million in royalties we received pursuant to a patent license agreement entered into in July 2007. Up to $19.0 million of royalty revenue is currently expected to be recognized under this agreement in the quarter ending March 31, 2009. As a result, after March 31, 2009, our mobile platforms business could have a greater dilutive impact on our results of operations. Although we currently expect to begin deriving additional revenue from our cellular handset products later in 2009, it is possible that our customers may delay their product development plans or that their products will not be commercially successful, which would continue to materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
Acquisition Strategy. An element of our business strategy involves the acquisition of businesses, assets, products or technologies that allow us to reduce the time required to develop new technologies and products and bring them to market, incorporate enhanced functionality into and complement our existing product offerings, augment our engineering workforce, and enhance our technological capabilities. We plan to continue to evaluate strategic opportunities as they arise, including acquisitions and other business combination transactions, strategic relationships, capital infusions and the purchase or sale of assets. See Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information related to the acquisitions made in 2008, 2007 and 2006.
In 2008, 2007 and 2006 we completed seven acquisitions for original total equity consideration of $7.4 million and total cash consideration of $457.7 million.
• In 2008 we acquired Sunext Design, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of
Sunext Technology Corporation, Ltd., which specialized in the design of
optical storage semiconductor products, and certain assets of the digital
TV business of Advance Micro Devices, Inc., or DTV Business of AMD, which
designs and markets applications and communications processors for the
digital television market.
• In 2007 we acquired LVL7 Systems, Inc., a privately-held developer of
production-ready networking software that enables networking original
equipment manufacturers and original design manufacturers to reduce
development expenses and compress development timelines; Octalica, Inc., a
privately-held fabless semiconductor company that specializes in the design
and development of networking technologies based on the MoCA standard,
which enables distribution of high quality multimedia content throughout
the home over existing coaxial cable; and Global Locate, Inc., a
privately-held, fabless provider of industry-leading global positioning
system and assisted GPS semiconductor products and software.
• In 2006 we acquired Sandburst Corporation, a fabless semiconductor company
specializing in the design and development of packet switching and routing
systems-on-a-chip that are deployed in enterprise core and metropolitan
Ethernet networks, and Encentrus Systems, Inc., a developer of media center
technology.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of operations of the acquired companies commencing on their respective acquisition dates. See Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information related to these acquisitions.
Business Enterprise Segments. We operate in one reportable operating segment, wired and wireless broadband communications. SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, or SFAS 131, establishes standards for the way public business enterprises report information about operating segments in annual consolidated financial statements and requires that those enterprises report selected information about operating segments in interim financial reports. SFAS 131 also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas and major customers. Our Chief Executive Officer, who is considered to be our chief operating decision maker, reviews financial information presented on an operating segment basis for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance.
Although we had four operating segments at December 31, 2008, under the aggregation criteria set forth in SFAS 131 we operate in only one reportable operating segment, wired and wireless broadband communications. Under SFAS 131, two or more operating segments may be aggregated into a single operating segment for financial reporting purposes if aggregation is consistent with the objective and basic principles of SFAS 131, if the segments have similar economic characteristics, and if the segments are similar in each of the following areas:
• the nature of products and services;
• the nature of the production processes;
• the type or class of customer for their products and services; and
• the methods used to distribute their products or provide their services.
We meet each of the aggregation criteria for the following reasons:
• the sale of integrated circuits is the only material source of revenue for
each of our four operating segments, other than royalty revenue in one of
our operating segments in 2008;
• the integrated circuits sold by each of our operating segments use the same
standard CMOS manufacturing processes;
• the integrated circuits marketed by each of our operating segments are sold
to one type of customer: manufacturers of wired and wireless communications
equipment, which incorporate our integrated circuits into their electronic
products; and
• all of our integrated circuits are sold through a centralized sales force
and common wholesale distributors.
All of our operating segments share similar economic characteristics as they have a similar long-term business model, operate in the long-term at gross margins similar to our consolidated gross margin, and have similar research and development expenses and similar selling, general and administrative expenses. The causes for variation among our operating segments are the same and include factors such as (i) life cycle (including development of new products) and price and cost fluctuations, (ii) number of competitors, (iii) product differentiation and (iv) size of market opportunity. Additionally, each operating segment is subject to the overall cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry. The number and composition of employees and the amounts and types of tools and materials required are similar for each operating segment. Finally, even though we periodically reorganize our operating segments based upon changes in customers, end markets or products, acquisitions, long-term growth strategies, and the experience and bandwidth of the senior executives in charge, the common financial goals for each operating segment remain constant.
Because we meet each of the criteria set forth in SFAS 131 and our four operating segments as of December 31, 2008 share similar economic characteristics, we have aggregated our results of operations into one reportable operating segment.
Equity Award Review
In January 2007 we reported the results of a voluntary review of our equity award practices. The voluntary review, which commenced in May 2006 and covered all grants of options and other equity awards made since our initial public offering in April 1998, was directed by the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. Based on the results of the equity award review, the Audit Committee concluded that, pursuant to Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, or APB 25, and related interpretations, the accounting measurement dates for most of the stock option grants awarded between June 1998 and May 2003, covering options to purchase 232.9 million shares of our Class A or Class B common stock, differed from the measurement dates previously used for such awards. As a result, revised measurement dates were applied to the affected option grants and Broadcom recorded a total of $2.259 billion in additional stock-based compensation expense for the years 1998 through 2005. After related tax adjustments of $38.7 million, the restatement resulted in total net adjustments of $2.220 billion for the years 1998 through 2005. This amount was net of forfeitures related to employee terminations. The additional stock-based compensation expense was amortized over the service period relating to each option, typically four years, with 95% of the total expense recorded in years prior to 2004. In addition, $17.2 million of other net adjustments was recorded in connection with our equity award review in the three months ended March 31, 2006.
None of the grants requiring measurement date adjustment was made to any co-founders or to any current or former member of our Board of Directors.
As a consequence of these adjustments, our audited consolidated financial . . .
|
|