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| KBH > SEC Filings for KBH > Form 10-K on 29-Jan-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
29-Jan-2009
Annual Report
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview. Revenues are generated from our homebuilding operations and our financial services operations. On July 10, 2007, we sold our 49% equity interest in KBSA. Accordingly, our French operations are presented as discontinued operations in this report. The following table presents a summary of our consolidated results of operations for the years ended November 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Years ended November 30,
2008 2007 2006
Revenues:
Homebuilding $ 3,023,169 $ 6,400,591 $ 9,359,843
Financial services 10,767 15,935 20,240
Total $ 3,033,936 $ 6,416,526 $ 9,380,083
Pretax income (loss):
Homebuilding $ (991,749 ) $ (1,494,606 ) $ 538,311
Financial services 23,818 33,836 33,536
Income (loss) from continuing operations before
income taxes (967,931 ) (1,460,770 ) 571,847
Income tax benefit (expense) (8,200 ) 46,000 (178,900 )
Income (loss) from continuing operations (976,131 ) (1,414,770 ) 392,947
Income from discontinued operations, net of income
taxes - 47,252 89,404
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of
income taxes - 438,104 -
Net income (loss) $ (976,131 ) $ (929,414 ) $ 482,351
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
Continuing operations $ (12.59 ) $ (18.33 ) $ 4.99
Discontinued operations - 6.29 1.13
Basic earnings (loss) per share $ (12.59 ) $ (12.04 ) $ 6.12
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Continuing operations $ (12.59 ) $ (18.33 ) $ 4.74
Discontinued operations - 6.29 1.08
Diluted earnings (loss) per share $ (12.59 ) $ (12.04 ) $ 5.82
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Extreme negative conditions continued to confront the homebuilding industry throughout 2008, deepening the downturn that began in the second half of 2006. Record-high foreclosure activity during the year worsened the oversupply of unsold homes existing in several housing markets when the year began, and put sustained downward pressure on home prices. At the same time, tepid demand for new homes weakened further as deteriorating conditions in the overall economy and rising unemployment precipitated historic declines in consumer confidence, discouraging home purchases. Demand also suffered as consumer mortgage financing became progressively less available due to credit market turmoil and tightening lending standards. Our results for the year ended November 30, 2008 reflect the impact of these conditions, which show no signs of abating in the year ahead.
In 2008, we posted year-over-year declines in net orders, homes delivered and revenues across all of our homebuilding reporting segments. These decreases reflected the impact of the prolonged housing market downturn as well as the strategic actions we have taken to reduce our inventory levels and community count in line with current housing market activity. We operated from 38% fewer active communities in 2008 than in 2007. In addition, our inventory of lots owned or controlled as of November 30, 2008 was down 28% from a year ago.
We recorded a net loss for the year, largely due to pretax, noncash charges for inventory and joint venture impairments, land option contract abandonments and goodwill impairments, and noncash charges for net deferred tax
asset valuation allowances. Our year-over-year results for 2008 were also affected by our providing targeted price reductions and sales incentives in certain communities in response to competitive conditions, or to facilitate our exit from specific markets, projects or product types.
Despite the difficult housing market conditions and our year-over-year declines in homes delivered and revenues generated, our net loss in 2008 was smaller than our loss from continuing operations in 2007. This improvement was principally due to the substantially lower asset impairment and abandonment charges we incurred in 2008 compared to the previous year. Our financial results in 2008 were also helped by strategic adjustments we have made in response to the changing operating environment. Since 2006, we have implemented a series of aggressive actions focused on generating and preserving cash, lowering our direct building costs, gaining operational efficiencies, lowering overhead, developing new product to compete with resales and foreclosures, and restoring profitability. Specific strategic actions taken during 2008 included calibrating our business to market conditions by consolidating certain operating divisions, reducing our workforce by 57%, and transitioning to new, value-engineered homes that are less expensive to build and can be offered to homebuyers at more affordable prices and with greater design choices. These actions had a positive impact on our results for the year, particularly in the fourth quarter, creating a foundation we intend to build on as we enter 2009.
Our total revenues of $3.03 billion for the year ended November 30, 2008 decreased 53% from $6.42 billion in 2007, which had decreased 32% from $9.38 billion in 2006. Revenues declined in 2008 and 2007 primarily due to decreases in our housing revenues corresponding to fewer homes delivered and lower average selling prices. Included in our total revenues were financial services revenues of $10.8 million in 2008, $15.9 million in 2007 and $20.2 million in 2006. Financial services revenues decreased in both 2008 and 2007 primarily due to our delivering fewer homes and the termination of our escrow coordination business in 2007.
We incurred a net loss of $976.1 million, or $12.59 per diluted share in 2008, largely due to pretax, noncash charges of $748.6 million for inventory and joint venture impairments and the abandonment of land option contracts, and $68.0 million for goodwill impairments. These charges reflected the deterioriating housing market conditions, which exerted downward pressure on asset values. The bulk of these charges were associated with our West Coast, Southwest and Southeast reporting segments. The goodwill impairment charges in 2008 related to our Central and Southeast reporting segments, and resulted in our having no remaining goodwill company-wide at November 30, 2008. The net loss in 2008 also reflected a $355.9 million valuation allowance charge taken against net deferred tax assets to fully reserve the tax benefits generated from our pretax loss for the year in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes" ("SFAS No. 109"). In 2007, our continuing operations generated an after-tax loss of $1.41 billion, or $18.33 per diluted share, due to pretax, noncash charges of $1.41 billion for inventory and joint venture impairments and the abandonment of land option contracts, and $107.9 million for goodwill impairments recognized during the year. The majority of the inventory-related charges in 2007 related to our West Coast and Southwest reporting segments, and the goodwill impairments related solely to our Southwest reporting segment. Our 2007 loss from continuing operations also reflected a noncash charge of $514.2 million to establish a valuation allowance for our net deferred tax assets. In 2006, we reported after-tax income from continuing operations of $392.9 million or $4.74 per diluted share.
Income from our French discontinued operations, net of income taxes, totaled $485.4 million in 2007, including a $438.1 million after-tax gain on the sale of these operations. Income from our French discontinued operations, net of income taxes, totaled $89.4 million in 2006.
Overall, we posted a net loss of $929.4 million, or $12.04 per diluted share (including the discontinued operations) in 2007. This compares to net income of $482.4 million, or $5.82 per diluted share, in 2006.
Our backlog at November 30, 2008 was comprised of 2,269 homes, representing future housing revenues of approximately $521.4 million. These backlog measures decreased 64% and 65%, respectively, from the 6,322 homes in backlog, representing approximately $1.50 billion in future housing revenues, at November 30, 2007. These decreases were due to the combined impact over the past several quarters of negative year-over-year net order results, lower average selling prices, and our strategic initiatives to reduce our inventory and community count to better align with reduced housing market activity. Our homebuilding operations generated 8,274 net orders in 2008, down 58% from 19,490 net orders in 2007. The decrease in net orders in 2008 reflected our year-over-year reduction in community counts, the gradual winding down of certain communities as backlog was delivered, and our discontinuation of product in particular communities as part of our product transition strategy. Order cancellations as a percentage of gross orders improved slightly to 41% in 2008 from 42% in 2007.
We generated $341.3 million of positive cash flow from operating activities in 2008 and ended the year with cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash totaling $1.25 billion. Our total debt at year-end stood at $1.94 billion, down $220.3 million from $2.16 billion at November 30, 2007, mainly due to the early redemption of our $300.0 million of 73/4% senior subordinated notes due in 2010 (the "$300 Million Senior Subordinated Notes") partially offset by increased mortgages and land contracts due to land sellers. We ended 2008 with no cash borrowings outstanding under our Credit Facility. As of November 30, 2008, our ratio of debt to total capital, net of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, was 45.4%, within our targeted range of 40%-50%. Restricted cash consists of an interest reserve account established with the Credit Facility's administrative agent (the "Interest Reserve Account"), as discussed below. Our liquidity, including the available capacity under our Credit Facility, was approximately $1.84 billion at November 30, 2008. Our inventory balance of $2.10 billion at November 30, 2008 was 36% lower than the $3.31 billion balance at November 30, 2007. We ended 2008 with what we believe is an attractive, geographically diverse land portfolio of approximately 47,000 lots owned or controlled. We ended 2007 with approximately 66,000 lots owned or controlled. We believe our solid financial position and fewer, well-situated lot positions give us a distinct competitive advantage relative to other homebuilding companies and should allow us to capitalize on opportunities as housing markets stabilize. However, it is uncertain when meaningful stabilization will occur.
HOMEBUILDING
We have grouped our homebuilding activities into four reportable segments, which we refer to as West Coast, Southwest, Central and Southeast. As of November 30, 2008, our reportable homebuilding segments consisted of ongoing operations located in the following states: West Coast - California; Southwest - Arizona and Nevada; Central - Colorado and Texas; Southeast - Florida, North Carolina and South Carolina.
The following table presents a summary of certain financial and operational data for our homebuilding operations (dollars in thousands, except average selling price):
Years ended November 30,
2008 2007 2006
Revenues:
Housing $ 2,940,241 $ 6,211,563 $ 9,243,236
Land 82,928 189,028 116,607
Total 3,023,169 6,400,591 9,359,843
Costs and expenses:
Construction and land costs
Housing (3,149,083 ) (6,563,082 ) (7,456,003 )
Land (165,732 ) (263,297 ) (210,016 )
Total (3,314,815 ) (6,826,379 ) (7,666,019 )
Selling, general and administrative expenses (501,027 ) (824,621 ) (1,123,508 )
Goodwill impairment (67,970 ) (107,926 ) -
Total (3,883,812 ) (7,758,926 ) (8,789,527 )
Operating income (loss) $ (860,643 ) $ (1,358,335 ) $ 570,316
Homes delivered 12,438 23,743 32,124
Average selling price $ 236,400 $ 261,600 $ 287,700
Housing gross margin (7.1 )% (5.7 )% 19.3 %
Selling, general and administrative expenses as
a percent of housing revenues 17.0 % 13.3 % 12.2 %
Operating income (loss) as a percent of
homebuilding revenues (28.5 )% (21.2 )% 6.1 %
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Revenues. Homebuilding revenues totaled $3.02 billion in 2008, decreasing 53% from $6.40 billion in 2007, which had decreased 32% from $9.36 billion in 2006. The year-over-year decreases in both 2008 and 2007 primarily reflected declines in housing revenues driven by fewer homes delivered and lower average selling prices.
Housing revenues decreased to $2.94 billion in 2008 from $6.21 billion in 2007 and $9.24 billion in 2006. In 2008, housing revenues fell 53% from the previous year due to a 48% decrease in homes delivered and a 10% decline in the average selling price. In 2007, housing revenues fell 33% from 2006 due to a 26% decrease in homes delivered and a 9% decline in the average selling price.
We delivered 12,438 homes in 2008, down from 23,743 homes in 2007, mainly due to a 38% year-over-year reduction in the number of our active communities and poor demand for new homes. Over the past several quarters, we progressively reduced our community counts in line with diminished housing market activity in the wake of the persistent housing market downturn. Each of our reporting segments delivered fewer homes in 2008 compared to 2007, with decreases ranging from 40% to 51%.
In 2007, we delivered 23,743 homes, down from 32,124 homes delivered in 2006, reflecting year-over-year decreases in each of our reporting segments. The lower delivery volume in 2007 compared to 2006 was due, in part, to a 14% year-over-year reduction in our active community count.
Our average new home selling price decreased to $236,400 in 2008 from $261,600 in 2007. Year-over-year average selling prices declined 18% in our West Coast segment, 11% in our Southwest segment and 12% in our Southeast segment as a result of downward pricing pressures. These pressures were driven by difficult market conditions, intense competition from homebuilders and sellers of existing and foreclosed homes, and our introducing product at lower price points, in line with median income levels, to meet consumer demand for more affordable homes. The average selling price in our Central segment increased 4% in 2008 from the previous year, reflecting changes in product mix.
Our 2007 average new home selling price had decreased 9% from $287,700 in 2006. Year-over-year, average selling prices declined 11% in our West Coast segment, 16% in our Southwest segment and 6% in our Southeast segment due to weak consumer demand and heightened competition from homebuilders and other sellers, which put downward pressure on home prices. The average selling price in our Central segment increased 5% in 2007 from 2006, solely due to changes in product mix.
Land sale revenues totaled $82.9 million in 2008, $189.0 million in 2007 and $116.6 million in 2006. Generally, land sale revenues fluctuate with our decisions to maintain or decrease our land ownership position in certain markets based upon the volume of our holdings, our marketing strategy, the strength and number of competing developers entering particular markets at given points in time, the availability of land in markets we serve and prevailing market conditions. Land sale revenues were more significant in 2007 and 2006 compared to 2008 as we sold a higher volume of land that no longer fit our marketing strategy or met our investment standards, rather than hold it for future development.
Operating Income (Loss). Our homebuilding operations generated operating losses of $860.6 million in 2008 and $1.36 billion in 2007 due to losses from both housing operations and land sales. In 2006, our homebuilding operations posted operating income of $570.3 million. Our homebuilding operating losses represented negative 28.5% of homebuilding revenues in 2008 and negative 21.2% of homebuilding revenues in 2007. The losses increased on a percentage basis in 2008 due to a decrease in our housing gross margin and an increase in our selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of housing revenues.
Within housing operations, the 2008 operating loss was largely due to pretax, noncash charges of $520.5 million for inventory impairments and land option contract abandonments and $68.0 million for goodwill impairments, as well as lower margins achieved amid fiercely competitive market conditions and higher overhead costs relative to the volume of homes delivered. Inventory impairment charges in 2008 were necessitated by declining asset values in certain markets, the result of persistent increases in housing supply and decreases in demand, both of which reduced achievable sales prices. In 2007, the operating loss within housing operations was driven by pretax, noncash charges of $1.18 billion for inventory impairments and land option contract abandonments and $107.9 million for goodwill impairments. The inventory-related charges in 2007 resulted from declining market conditions, which depressed new home values and sales rates in certain housing markets across the country. Poor market conditions also depressed land values and led us to terminate our land option contracts on projects that no longer met our investment standards.
Our housing gross margin decreased to negative 7.1% in 2008 from negative 5.7% in 2007. Our housing gross margin in 2008 was adversely impacted by pretax, noncash charges for inventory impairments and land option contract abandonments, lower average selling prices and our providing targeted price reductions and sales incentives in response to competitive conditions or to facilitate strategic project or product exits. Excluding the inventory-related noncash charges ($520.5 million in 2008 and $1.18 billion in 2007), our housing gross margin would have been 10.6% in 2008 and 13.3% in 2007.
In 2007, the homebuilding operating loss was $1.36 billion compared to operating income of $570.3 million in 2006. The operating loss in 2007 represented negative 21.2% of homebuilding revenues. In 2006, operating income as a percentage of homebuilding revenues was 6.1%. The operating loss in 2007 resulted from a decrease in our housing gross margin, which fell to a negative 5.7% from 19.3% in 2006. The change in our housing gross margin was largely the result of higher pretax, noncash charges for inventory impairments and land option contract abandonments in 2007, primarily in our West Coast and Southwest segments. Excluding the inventory-related noncash charges ($1.18 billion in 2007 and $309.5 million in 2006), our housing gross margin would have been 13.3% in 2007 and 22.7% in 2006.
In 2008, our land sales generated losses of $82.8 million, including impairment charges of $86.2 million relating to future land sales. Our land sales generated losses of $74.3 million in 2007 and $93.4 million in 2006, including impairment charges relating to future land sales of $74.8 million in 2007 and $63.1 million in 2006.
We evaluate our land and housing inventory for recoverability in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets" ("SFAS No. 144"), whenever indicators of potential impairment exist. Based on our evaluations, we recognized pretax, noncash charges for inventory impairments of $565.9 million in 2008, $1.11 billion in 2007 and $228.7 million in 2006.
The impairment charges in 2008 and 2007 reflected the deteriorating housing market conditions that we experienced during those years, which lowered the value of certain assets compared to prior periods. These conditions included a significant oversupply of homes available for sale, reduced housing affordability and tighter credit conditions that kept prospective buyers from trading up or entering the market, higher foreclosure activity, and heightened competition. As a result, our order rates, selling prices and gross margins declined in 2008 and 2007, lowering the fair value of certain inventory positions and resulting in the impairment of that inventory. Further deterioration in housing market conditions may lead to additional noncash impairment charges or cause us to reevaluate our strategy concerning certain assets that could result in future charges associated with land sales or the abandonment of land option contracts. In 2006, most of our inventory impairment and abandonment charges were incurred in the fourth quarter, as conditions became more challenging in certain markets, mainly as a result of a growing imbalance between new home supply and demand. These market dynamics caused a decline in the fair value of certain inventory positions and led us to reassess our strategy concerning certain inventory positions.
When we decide not to exercise certain land purchase option contracts due to market conditions and/or changes in our market strategy, we write off the costs, including non-refundable deposits and pre-acquisition costs, related to the abandoned projects. We recognized abandonment charges associated with land option contracts of $40.9 million in 2008, $144.0 million in 2007 and $143.9 million in 2006. The inventory impairment charges and land option contract abandonments are included in construction and land costs in our consolidated statements of operations.
Selling, general and administrative expenses totaled $501.0 million in 2008, down from $824.6 million in 2007, which had decreased from $1.12 billion in 2006. The year-over-year decreases in 2008 and 2007 reflected the results of our ongoing efforts to rescale the size of our operations to the lower volume of homes we were delivering and to our future sales expectations. During 2008, we took aggressive actions to streamline our organizational structure by consolidating certain homebuilding operations, strategically exiting or winding down activity in certain markets, and reducing our workforce. Since the beginning of 2008, we have reduced our workforce by 57%. The full impact of these actions in reducing our selling, general and administrative expenses is not reflected in our 2008 results due to the costs we incurred to implement them. As a percentage of housing revenues, to which these expenses are most closely correlated, selling, general and administrative expenses increased to 17.0% in 2008 from 13.3% in 2007, which had increased from 12.2% in 2006. The percentages increased in 2008 and 2007 because our expense reductions have been exceeded by the significant year-over-year declines in our housing revenues and the costs of implementing these reductions.
Goodwill Impairment. We have recorded goodwill in connection with various acquisitions in prior years. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets" ("SFAS No. 142"), we test goodwill for potential impairment annually as of November 30 and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. During 2008 and 2007, we determined that it was necessary to evaluate goodwill for impairment between annual tests due to deteriorating conditions in certain housing markets and the significant inventory impairments we identified and recognized in those years, in accordance with SFAS No. 144.
Based on the results of our impairment evaluation performed in the second quarter of 2008, we recorded an impairment charge of $24.6 million in that quarter related to our Central reporting segment, where all of the goodwill previously recorded was determined to be impaired. The annual goodwill impairment test we performed as of November 30, 2008 resulted in an impairment charge of $43.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2008 related to our Southeast reporting segment, where all of the goodwill previously recorded was determined to be impaired. Based on the results of our impairment evaluation performed in the third quarter of 2007, we recorded an impairment charge of $107.9 million in that quarter related to our Southwest reporting segment, where all of the goodwill previously recorded was determined to be impaired. The annual goodwill impairment test we performed as of November 30, 2007 indicated no additional impairment. The goodwill impairment charges in 2008 and 2007 were recorded at our corporate level because all goodwill is carried at that level. As a result of these impairment charges, we have no remaining goodwill company-wide at November 30, 2008.
The process of evaluating goodwill for impairment involves the determination of the fair value of our reporting units. Inherent in such fair value determinations are certain judgments and estimates relating to future cash flows, including our interpretation of current economic indicators and market valuations, and assumptions about our strategic plans with regard to our operations. Due to the uncertainties associated with such estimates, actual results could differ from such estimates.
Interest Income. Interest income, which is generated from short-term investments and mortgages receivable, totaled $34.6 million in 2008, $28.6 million in 2007 and $5.5 million in 2006. Generally, increases and decreases in interest income are attributable to changes in the interest-bearing average balances of short-term investments and mortgages receivable, as well as fluctuations in interest rates. Mortgages receivable are primarily related to land sales. The year-over-year increases in interest income in 2008 and 2007 reflected the higher levels of cash and cash equivalents on our balance sheet stemming from the July 2007 sale of our French discontinued operations and other assets, the cash generated from our operations, and our reduction in land purchases.
Loss on Early Redemption/Interest Expense, Net of Amounts Capitalized. On July 14, 2008, we completed the early redemption of the $300 Million Senior . . .
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