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| AYR > SEC Filings for AYR > Form 10-K/A on 17-Nov-2008 | All Recent SEC Filings |
17-Nov-2008
Annual Report
The following information has been adjusted to reflect the restatement and
reclassification of our consolidated statements of cash flows which is more
fully described in the "Explanatory Note" on page 1 and Note 20, Restatement and
Reclassification of Previously Issued Financial Statements located in the
Consolidated Financial Statements elsewhere in this Form 10-K/A.
This management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results
of operations contains forward-looking statements that involve risks,
uncertainties and assumptions. You should read the following discussion in
conjunction with "Item 6 - Selected Financial Data'' and our historical
consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto appearing elsewhere in
this report. The results of operations for the periods reflected herein are not
necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for future periods, and
our actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the
forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including but not
limited to those described under "Item 1A. - Risk Factors'' in the Company's
September 30, 2008 Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on the date hereof, and
elsewhere in this report. Please see "Safe Harbor Statement Under the Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995" in the Company's September 30, 2008
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on the date hereof, for a discussion of the
uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements. Our
consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP, and, unless
otherwise indicated, the other financial information contained in this report
has also been prepared in accordance with GAAP. Unless otherwise indicated, all
references to "dollars" and "$" in this report are to, and all monetary amounts
in this report are presented in, U.S. dollars.
OVERVIEW
We are a global company that acquires and leases high-utility commercial jet
aircraft to passenger and cargo airlines throughout the world. High-utility
aircraft are generally modern, operationally efficient jets with a large
operator base and long useful lives. As of December 31, 2007, our aircraft
portfolio consisted of 133 aircraft that were leased to 58 lessees located in 31
countries, including two aircraft being converted to freighter configuration
which are subject to leases that will commence upon completion of the
conversions, and managed through our offices in the United States, Ireland and
Singapore. Typically, our aircraft are subject to net operating leases whereby
the lessee is generally responsible for maintaining the aircraft and paying
operational, maintenance and insurance costs, although, in a majority of cases,
we are obligated to pay a portion of specified maintenance or modification
costs. We also make investments in other aviation assets, including debt
investments secured by commercial jet aircraft. As of February 21, 2008, we had
acquired and committed to acquire aviation assets having an aggregate purchase
price equal to $4.2 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively, for a total of
approximately $5.7 billion. Our revenues and income from continuing operations
for the year ended December 31, 2007 were $381.1 million and $114.4 million,
respectively. For the fourth quarter of 2007, our revenues and income from
continuing operations were $120.7 million and $33.9 million, respectively.
We intend to pay regular quarterly dividends to our shareholders and plan to
grow our dividends per share through the acquisition of additional aviation
assets using cash on hand and available credit facilities. We expect to finance
our acquisitions on a long-term basis using cost effective debt structures such
as non-recourse securitizations or similar bank market financings.
Securitizations and similarly structured bank market financings allow companies
to raise long-term capital by pledging cash flows of an asset pool, such as
aircraft leases. In June 2006, we closed our first securitization, which we
refer to as Securitization No. 1, a $560.0 million transaction comprising 40
aircraft and related leases, which were refer to as Portfolio No. 1. In
June 2007, we closed our second securitization, which we refer to as
Securitization No. 2, a $1.17 billion transaction comprising 59 aircraft and
related leases, which we refer to as Portfolio No. 2. We expect that long-term
debt to refinance our short-term borrowings and to fund additional investments
would also be available to us in the secured bank debt market under a broadly
similar security structure.
Segments
We manage our business and analyze and report our results of operations on
the basis of two business segments, Aircraft Leasing and Debt Investments. We
present our segment information on a contribution margin basis consistent with
the information that our Chief Executive Officer (the chief operating decision
maker) reviews in assessing segment performance and allocating resources.
Contribution margin includes revenue, depreciation, interest expense
and other expenses that are directly connected to our business segments. We
believe contribution margin is an appropriate measure of performance because it
reflects the marginal profitability of our business segments, excluding
overhead.
Aircraft Leasing
Typically, our aircraft are subject to net operating leases whereby the
lessee is generally responsible for maintaining the aircraft and paying
operational and insurance costs. In many of our leases we are obligated to bear
a portion of maintenance costs or costs associated with modifications required
by manufacturers or regulators. We retain the benefit, and bear the risk, of
re-leasing and the residual value of the aircraft upon expiry or early
termination of the lease. As of December 31, 2007, our portfolio consisted of
133 aircraft with 58 lessees in 31 countries, including two aircraft being
converted to freighter configuration which are subject to leases that will
commence upon completion of the conversions, with a net book value of
$3.80 billion. The weighted average (by net book value) age of the aircraft in
the portfolio from the date of original delivery by manufacturer to December 31,
2007, was 10.2 years. The weighted average (by net book value) remaining lease
term for aircraft we owned at December 31, 2007 was 5.0 years.
Debt Investments
We also invest in debt investments secured by commercial jet aircraft,
including enhanced equipment trust certificates, and other forms of
collateralized debt. We believe our experience in the aircraft leasing business,
coupled with knowledge of structured finance, enables us to make opportunistic
investments in this market sector. Our intent is not to actively trade debt
investments, and accordingly we have classified debt investments purchased to
date as available-for-sale or held to maturity as defined in Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in
Debt and Equity Securities. As of December 31, 2006, we owned debt investments
secured by aircraft with a fair value of $121.3 million. During the year ended
December 31, 2007, we made one additional investment in debt investments secured
by aviation assets. At December 31, 2007, our debt investment portfolio
consisted of seven such debt investments with a fair value of $113.0 million. In
February 2008, we sold two of our debt investments for $65.3 million, plus
accrued interest. We repaid the outstanding balance of $52.3 million, plus
accrued interest, under the related repurchase agreement. Additionally, we
terminated the related interest rate swap and paid breakage fees and accrued
interest of approximately $1.0 million.
Revenues
Revenues in our Aircraft Leasing segment are comprised primarily of operating
lease rentals on flight equipment held for lease. The amount of rent we receive
depends on various factors, including the type, size and age of the aircraft in
our portfolio. Lease rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over
the term of the lease. Our aircraft lease agreements generally provide for the
periodic payment of a fixed amount of rent over the life of the lease. However,
the amount of rent we receive may vary due to several factors, including the
credit worthiness of our lessees and the occurrence of delinquencies and
defaults. Our lease rental revenues are also affected by the extent to which
aircraft are off-lease and our ability to remarket aircraft that are nearing the
end of their leases in order to minimize their off-lease time. Our success in
re-leasing aircraft is affected by market conditions relating to our aircraft
and by general industry trends. An increase in the percentage of off-lease
aircraft or a reduction in lease rates upon remarketing would negatively impact
our revenues.
Revenues in our Aircraft Leasing segment for the years ended December 31,
2006 and 2007 were $173.8 million and $370.7 million, respectively. Our revenues
increased significantly from 2006 to 2007 primarily as a result of continued
aircraft acquisitions during 2007 which caused our aircraft fleet to grow from
68 aircraft at December 31, 2006, to 133 aircraft at December 31, 2007, all of
which were on lease or in freighter conversion.
Revenues in our Debt Investments segment are recognized using the effective
interest method. Certain investments which represent residual interests are
accounted for using a level yield methodology based upon a number of cash flow
assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and contingencies. Such
assumptions include the rate and timing of principal and interest. Revenues in
our Debt Investments segment for the year ended December 31, 2006 were
$9.0 million as compared to $10.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses are comprised of depreciation of flight equipment held for
lease, interest expense, selling, general and administrative expenses, or SG&A,
and other expenses. As we continue to grow, we expect that depreciation of
flight equipment held for lease and interest expense will grow with revenue
growth. We also expect that SG&A will decline as a percentage of our segment
assets and of our revenues as we leverage our existing infrastructure over a
greater revenue base.
Since our operating lease terms generally require the lessee to pay for
operating, maintenance and insurance costs, our portion of other expenses
relating to aircraft reflected in our statement of income has been nominal.
Income Tax Provision
We have obtained an assurance from the Minister of Finance of Bermuda under
the Exempted Undertakings Tax Protection Act 1966 that, in the event that any
legislation is enacted in Bermuda imposing any tax computed on profits or
income, or computed on any capital asset, gain or appreciation or any tax in the
nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, such tax shall not, until March 28,
2016, be applicable to us or to any of our operations or to our shares,
debentures or other obligations except insofar as such tax applies to persons
ordinarily resident in Bermuda or to any taxes payable by us in respect of real
property owned or leased by us in Bermuda. Consequently, the provision for
income taxes recorded relates to income earned by certain subsidiaries of the
Company which are located in or earn income in jurisdictions that impose income
taxes, primarily Ireland and the United States.
All of our aircraft-owning subsidiaries that are recognized as corporations
for U.S. tax purposes are non-U.S. corporations. These non-U.S. subsidiaries
generally earn income from sources outside the United States and therefore
typically are not subject to U.S. federal, state or local income taxes. However,
certain of these non-U.S. subsidiaries own aircraft that operate to, from or
within the U.S. and therefore may be subject to federal, state and local income
taxes. We also have a U.S-based subsidiary which provides management services to
our non-U.S. subsidiaries and is subject to U.S. federal, state and local income
taxes.
History
Aircastle Limited, formerly Aircastle Investment Limited, is a Bermuda
exempted company that was incorporated on October 29, 2004 by Fortress
Investment Group LLC and certain of its affiliates.
Acquisitions and Dispositions
Our financial results are impacted by the timing and size of acquisitions and
dispositions we complete. As of February 21, 2008, we had acquired and committed
to acquire aviation assets having an aggregate purchase price equal to
$4.2 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively, or a total of approximately
$5.7 billion.
We believe the large and growing aircraft market continues to evolve,
generating significant additional acquisition opportunities. Our acquisition
strategy is flexible and allows us to take advantage of the best available
market opportunities and is predicated on sourcing investments we believe to be
accretive to shareholders. Currently, we are primarily focused on acquiring
high-utility commercial jet aircraft for the passenger and freighter markets and
we may also make opportunistic acquisitions of other asset-backed aviation
assets. Our business strategy has been to pursue acquisitions through multiple
channels across the world, such as sale-leasebacks with airlines and purchases
from operating lessors, banks and other aircraft owning entities. We also
explore opportunities to purchase aircraft from manufacturers. Our ability to
successfully and efficiently acquire and integrate additional aviation assets on
favorable terms will significantly impact our financial results and growth
prospects.
On January 22, 2007, we entered into the GAIF Acquisition Agreement, pursuant
to which we agreed to acquire 38 aircraft for an aggregate base purchase price
of approximately $1.595 billion, subject to certain agreed adjustments. On
November 7, 2007, we agreed with GAIF to remove two aircraft from the GAIF
Acquisition Agreement, reducing the total number of aircraft to be acquired to
36, with an aggregate base purchase price of approximately $1.465 billion. For
certain of the aircraft, we agreed to make accelerated payments to the relevant
sellers and acquire their rights and obligations under the seller's purchase or
freighter conversion agreement, with final payment and delivery of the aircraft
to us being made upon delivery by the manufacturer or seller, or completion of
the conversion process. We acquired 28 aircraft in 2007 related to this
transaction, and of the remaining eight aircraft, we expect to acquire seven in
2008 and one in February 2009. We have made accelerated payments to the relevant
GAIF seller in relation to certain of the aircraft remaining to be delivered in
2008 and 2009.
On June 20, 2007, we entered into the Airbus A330F Agreement, under which we
agreed to acquire from Airbus fifteen new A330-200F freighter aircraft, or the
New A330F Aircraft. Pre-delivery payments for each aircraft are payable to
Airbus and are refundable to us only in limited circumstances. We agreed to
separate arrangements with Rolls-Royce PLC, or Rolls-Royce, and Pratt & Whitney,
or P&W, pursuant to which we committed to acquire aircraft engines for the New
A330F Aircraft. We agreed to acquire six shipsets of Trent 772B engines from
Rolls-Royce and were granted options to acquire an additional four shipsets. We
also committed to acquire five shipsets of PW4170 engines from P&W, and were
granted options to acquire an additional five shipsets. Each shipset consists of
two engines. The New A330F Aircraft are scheduled for delivery between June 2010
and November 2011, with five
scheduled for delivery in 2010. Under limited circumstances, we have the right
to change certain delivery positions from A300-200F freighter configuration
aircraft to A330-200 passenger configuration aircraft.
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the
aircraft acquired or to be acquired by us as of December 31, 2007:
AIRCASTLE AIRCRAFT INFORMATION (dollars in millions)
Aircraft
Owned Committed
Aircraft to be Acquired
as of as of
December 31, December 31,
2007(1) 2007(2)(5) Total
Flight Equipment Held for Lease $ 3,807 $ 363 $ 4,170
Number of Aircraft 133 8 141
Number of Lessees 58 4 61
Number of Countries 31 3 32
Weighted Average Age - Passenger (years)(3) (6) 10.0 17.1 10.2
Weighted Average Age - Freighter (years)(3) (6) 10.9 - 7.9
Weighted Average Age - Combined (years)(3) (6) 10.2 3.7 9.7
Weighted Average Remaining Passenger Lease Term
(years)(4) (6) 4.2 5.0 4.2
Weighted Average Remaining Cargo Lease Term
(years)(4) (6) 8.7 11.0 9.3
Weighted Average Remaining Combined Lease Term
(years)(4) (6) 5.0 9.7 5.5
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(1) Calculated using net book value.
(2) Excludes 15 Airbus Model A330-200F scheduled for delivery between June 2010 and November 2011.
(3) Weighted average age (years) by net book value, or in the case of aircraft not yet acquired, base purchase price, is as of December 31, 2007. The age of any aircraft not yet acquired is measured as of its expected acquisition date.
(4) Weighted average remaining lease term (years) by net book value, or in the case of aircraft not yet acquired, base purchase price, is as of December 31, 2007. Remaining lease term for any aircraft not yet acquired is measured as of the expected acquisition date.
(5) Calculated using base purchase price which represents the purchase price subject to certain agreed upon adjustments.
(6) Two Boeing Model 747-400 aircraft being converted to freighter configuration are included as "Freighter" aircraft and because we have executed post-conversion leases for these aircraft, we measure the remaining lease term for these aircraft on the basis of their respective ten-year post-conversion leases. Two Boeing Model 747-400 aircraft currently on short-term leases in passenger configuration are included as "Passenger" aircraft; the remaining lease term for one of these aircraft, for which we have an executed lease post-conversion, is measured based on the ten-year term of that post-conversion lease, while the remaining lease term for the other is measured based on the 2008 expiry date on the existing short-term passenger configuration lease.
Our owned aircraft portfolio as of December 31, 2007 is listed in Exhibit 99.1 in the original Form 10-K. Approximately 86% of the aircraft we owned as of December 31, 2007 are what we consider to be the most current technology for the relevant airframe and engine type and airframe size, as listed under the headings "Latest Generation Narrowbody Aircraft," "Latest Generation Midbody Aircraft," "Latest Generation Widebody Aircraft" and "Latest Generation Widebody Freighter Aircraft" in Exhibit 99.1 in the original Form 10-K.
PORTFOLIO DIVERSIFICATION
Aircraft Committed to
Owned Aircraft as of be Acquired as of
December 31, 2007 December 31, 2007(1) Total
% of Net
Book Value
% of Base plus Base
Number of % of Net Number of Purchase Number of Purchase
Aircraft Book Value Aircraft Price(2) Aircraft Price
Aircraft Type
Passenger:
Narrowbody 92 51 % 6 21 % 98 48 %
Midbody 24 25 % - - % 24 23 %
Widebody 3 5 % - - % 3 4 %
Total Passenger 119 81 % 6 21 % 125 75 %
Freighter (4) 14 19 % 2 79 % 16 25 %
Total 133 100 % 8 100 % 141 100 %
Manufacturer
Boeing 93 65 % 2 79 % 95 66 %
Airbus 40 35 % 6 21 % 46 34 %
Total 133 100 % 8 100 % 141 100 %
Lessee Diversification
Top Five Lessees(5) 34 28 % 8 100 % 28 28 %
Regional Diversification
Europe(6) 65 47 % 1 39 % 66 47 %
Asia(7) 35 27 % 6 22 % 41 26 %
North America(8) 13 10 % - - % 13 9 %
Latin America 12 7 % - - % 12 7 %
Middle East and Africa 8 9 % 1 39 % 9 11 %
Total 133 100 % 8 100 % 141 100 %
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(1) Excludes 15 Airbus Model A330-200F scheduled for delivery between June 2010 and November 2011.
(2) Base purchase price represents the purchase price subject to certain agreed upon adjustments.
(3) Two Boeing Model 747-400 aircraft currently on short-term leases in passenger configuartion are included as "Passenger" aircraft.
(4) Two Boeing Model 747-400 aircraft being converted to freighter configuration are included as "Freighter" aircraft.
(5) Our top five
customers for
aircraft we
owned and were
committed to
acquire as of
December 31,
2007, in order
of declining
exposure, are
Martinair
Holland N.V.,
Emirates, US
Airways Inc.,
Sterling
Airlines A/S.
and Iberia
Lineas Aereas de
Espana, S.A. No
individual
customer
accounted for
more than 8% of
net book value.
(6) Includes one Boeing Model 747-400 aircraft being converted to freighter configuration for which we have an executed lease post-conversion with a carrier in Europe.
(7) Includes two Boeing Model 747-400 aircraft currently on short-term lease in passenger configuration to airlines in Asia. These aircraft will be converted to freighter configuration in 2008 and 2009 and we have executed a lease with a carrier in North America for one of these aircraft post-conversion.
(8) Includes one Boeing Model 747-400 aircraft being converted to freighter configuration for which we have an executed lease post-conversion with a carrier in North America.
Finance
A key aspect of our growth strategy is our flexible capital structure which
supports the financing of our acquisitions of aircraft and other aviation
assets. We typically finance the initial purchase of aircraft and other aviation
assets using committed short-term credit arrangements and cash on hand. We
believe our ability to execute acquisitions expeditiously and without financing
contingencies has benefited us in competitive bidding situations. Our short-term
borrowed funds for our aircraft acquisitions and repurchase obligations for our
securities are provided by secured credit facilities from banks.
We intend to continue funding aircraft acquisitions initially through
borrowings under our short-term credit facilities, and to repay all or a portion
of such borrowings from time to time with the net proceeds from subsequent
long-term debt financings and additional equity offerings. Therefore, our
ability to execute our business strategy, particularly the acquisition of
additional commercial jet aircraft or other aviation assets, depends to a
significant degree on our ability to obtain additional debt and equity capital
on terms we deem attractive. Given our existing commitments and the potential
volume of aircraft acquisitions, we expect to execute additional
securitizations, other long-term debt financing and/or additional equity
offerings during the course of the next 12 months. We also intend to extend,
modify or replace our short-term credit facilities in 2008. However, the level
of new investment activity and, in turn, financing requirements will be driven
by the attractiveness of new investment opportunities available in the
marketplace and financial market conditions. Decisions by investors and lenders
to enter into such transactions with us will depend upon a number of factors,
such as our historical and projected performance, compliance with the terms of
our current credit arrangements, industry and market trends, the availability of
capital and the relative attractiveness of alternative investments. See
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources - Credit Facilities, -
Securitizations, and - Equity Offerings."
Comparison of the year ended December 31, 2006 to the year ended December 31,
2007
Revenues and Contribution Margin
Revenues and contribution margin by segment is set forth in the tables below.
See Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements for the reconciliation to
operating income and our reasons for using contribution margin to discuss our
results of operations.
. . .
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