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PAR > SEC Filings for PAR > Form 10-Q on 12-Nov-2008All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for 3PAR INC.


12-Nov-2008

Quarterly Report


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

In addition to historical information, this report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which are subject to the "safe harbor" created by those sections. These statements include, among other things, statements concerning our expectations regarding:

• the growth and growth rate of our operations, business, revenues, operating margins, costs and expenses;

• fluctuations in our gross margins;

• the effect of recent accounting pronouncements on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows;

• our future stock-based compensation charges;

• our foreign exchange risk and our practices related to hedging those risks;

• our future uncertain tax positions;

• the impact of our storage solution on the total lifetime cost of storage for our customers;

• the increase of research and development, sales and marketing and general and administrative expenses in the future;

• our future capital expenditures, including investments in our infrastructure and in test and development equipment to support our research and development efforts;

• the availability of individuals with the specific skills required for key positions, as well as our ability to attract, hire and retain required employees and key personnel;

• our future hiring of substantial additional personnel and the impact such hiring may have on our business, growth and competitive position;

• the future yield on our investment portfolio;

• the sufficiency of our existing cash balances to meet our future capital requirements;

• the materiality of our exposure related to contractual guarantees and indemnities;

• the materiality of the exposure of our cash equivalents to changes in value and the projected value of our investment portfolio;

• future changes in competitive practices and landscape in our industry;

• our future reliance on establishing relationships with resellers and authorized service providers to sell, service and support our products in select markets;

• our continued investments in international markets and our expansion strategies in those markets;

• the contribution of international sales as a percentage of our total revenue on an annual basis;

as well as other statements regarding our future operations, financial condition and prospects and business strategies. Forward-looking statements are based on our management's beliefs and assumptions, and on information currently available to our management, as of the date of this filing. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in this report, and in particular, the risks discussed under the heading "Risk Factors" in Part II, Item 1A of this report and those discussed in other documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our other Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, filings, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2008.


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Overview

We are the leading global provider of utility storage for large to medium enterprises, business-oriented service providers, consumer-oriented Internet/Web 2.0 companies and government entities. Our utility storage products offer simple, efficient and scalable tiered-storage arrays enabling the delivery of computing as a utility service to organizations with significant data storage requirements. Our 3PAR InSpire Architecture delivers a modular, highly scalable storage solution that we believe can significantly reduce the total lifetime cost of storage for our customers.

Our company was founded by engineers with substantial experience in the high-end server and storage markets and began operations in 1999. From inception, our corporate and product development objectives have focused on finding ways to use physical storage resources more efficiently and effectively by reducing unused storage and power consumption and by providing our customers with systems that are simpler and less expensive to maintain and operate on an ongoing basis. Our utility storage solution is comprised of the 3PAR InServ Storage Servers and the 3PAR InForm Suite, which includes the 3PAR InForm OS and other software applications.

In November 2007, we completed an initial public offering, or IPO, of our common stock in which we sold and issued 7,702,479 shares of common stock, including 202,479 shares issued in December 2007 in connection with the partial exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option, at an issue price of $14.00 per share. A total of $107.8 million in gross proceeds was raised from the IPO, or approximately $97.4 million in net proceeds after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $7.5 million and other offering costs of $2.9 million. Upon the closing of the offering, all shares of our then-outstanding convertible preferred stock automatically converted into 33,256,720 shares of common stock.

We have sales offices in the United States, United Kingdom, Germany and Japan and research and development facilities in California and Northern Ireland. We expect to continue to add sales, engineering and customer services personnel in the United States and internationally.

The last day of our fiscal year is March 31. Our fiscal quarters end on June 30, September 30, December 31 and March 31. Our current fiscal year, which we refer to as fiscal 2009, will end on March 31, 2009.

Revenue, Cost of Revenue and Operating Expense

Revenue

We derive our revenue from sales of our InServ Storage Servers, licenses of our InForm Suite and other software applications and related support.

Prior to March 2007, we typically sold our products with a three-year basic hardware warranty and software warranty. The software warranty was limited to bug fixes for any non-conforming software products. We generally recognized as product revenue all revenue associated with sales of our products at the time of shipment or installation, depending on the terms of the arrangement, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria were met.

During this period, we also offered a premium hardware warranty and an extended hardware and software warranty beyond the initial contract term. Our premium hardware warranty offers faster service response time than our basic hardware warranty. We recognized as support revenue all revenue attributable to these premium and extended warranties on a ratable basis over the contract term, which was typically three years for premium warranty and one year from termination of the basic warranty for extended warranty.

In March 2007, in anticipation of evolving customer requirements for software support, we changed from a software warranty model to a software support model. Under the software support model, the customer receives, in addition to bug fixes, unspecified software upgrades and enhancements, on a when-and-if available basis, over the term of the support period. Commencing in March 2007, we sell all of our systems together with software support.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2008, we established VSOE of the fair value of our new software support based on the rates we offer to our customers for renewal in our arrangements with them, or stated renewal rates. Accordingly, commencing April 1, 2007, we recognize revenue attributable to our software support as support


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revenue on a straight-line basis over the software support period. We sell a significant portion of our software support with a one-year term. Support revenue continues to include our premium and extended hardware warranties. We generally recognize the balance of the sale as product revenue at the time of shipment or installation, depending on the terms of the arrangement, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria are met.

During the month of March 2007, the Company did not have VSOE of fair value for its new software support model. Accordingly, through March 31, 2008, the Company was recognizing all of the product and support revenue from transactions that included software support during the month of March 2007 as product revenue ratably over the support period of one to three years. During the first quarter of fiscal 2009, the Company established VSOE of fair value of PCS for these March 2007 transactions based on renewal rates for separate sales of PCS to other customers. Accordingly, in the first quarter of fiscal 2009 the Company applied the residual method to the remaining deferred revenue associated with the March 2007 transactions.

As a result of the implementation of our software support model in March 2007, our support revenue has increased significantly. Consequently comparing the elements of our revenue on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful and should not be relied upon as an indication of our future performance.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of product revenue consists primarily of raw materials, manufacturing cost for our products, shipping and logistics cost, expenses for inventory obsolescence and warranty obligations. Cost of premium and extended warranty obligations are included in cost of support revenue. We utilize third parties to manufacture subcomponents of our products, which are then shipped to our Fremont, California operations facility for final assembly and testing prior to customer shipment. We outsource onsite support to third-party support vendors.

Prior to March 2007, we recognized all our hardware and software warranty costs as cost of product revenue at the time of revenue recognition based on our estimated time and material costs of providing hardware and software warranty support. In March 2007, during the implementation of our software support model, we deferred all hardware related costs associated with product sales bundled with software support for which we had not been able to establish VSOE of fair value at the outset of the arrangement. The hardware related costs associated with these sales were recognized ratably together with the product revenue until the first quarter of fiscal 2009 when we established VSOE of fair value of PCS for the March 2007 transactions and recognized the remaining product costs associated with the revenue recognized. We no longer incur software warranty cost beginning March 2007, as this was replaced by our new software support sold together with our systems. For periods subsequent to March 2007, we continue to recognize hardware warranty costs as cost of product revenue at the time of revenue recognition.

Cost of support revenue consists of personnel cost and outside vendor cost to support premium and extended warranty services for all periods presented. Beginning March 2007, cost of support revenue also includes costs associated with providing software support. As a result of the implementation of our software support model in March 2007, we expect cost of support revenue to increase significantly in future periods.

Gross Margin

Gross profit is the difference between revenue and cost of revenue, and gross margin is gross profit expressed as a percentage of revenue. Product mix and system configurations affect our gross margin because our software and support margins are higher than our hardware margins. Larger systems tend to have greater software and support components and thereby result in a higher margin. Our gross margin tends to be higher for direct sales than for indirect sales because we generally sell our products to resellers at a discount. Our gross margin has fluctuated significantly in the past, and we expect it will continue to fluctuate in the future primarily as a result of product mix and order size.

Operating Expense

Operating expense consists of research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative expense. The largest component of our operating expense in each case is personnel cost. Personnel cost consists of salaries, benefits and incentive compensation for our employees. We grew from 312 employees at March 31, 2007 to 451 employees at March 31, 2008 and to 533 employees at September 30, 2008. We expect to continue to hire a significant number of new employees to support our growth. The timing of these additional hires could materially affect our operating expenses, both in absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenue, in any particular period.


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Research and Development Expense

Research and development expense consists primarily of personnel cost, prototype expense, consulting services and facilities cost associated with personnel. Consulting services generally consist of contracted engineering consulting for specific projects. We expense research and development expense as incurred. We expect to continue to devote substantial resources to the development of our products. We believe that these investments are necessary to maintain and improve our competitive position. In particular, we anticipate that we will hire substantial additional engineering personnel in future periods.

Sales and Marketing Expense

Sales and marketing expense consists primarily of personnel cost, sales commission, marketing programs and facilities cost associated with sales and marketing and certain customer service and support activities not associated with cost of revenue. We plan to continue to invest heavily in sales and marketing by increasing the number of sales and marketing personnel we employ. Our sales personnel are not immediately productive and therefore the increase in sales and marketing expense we incur when we add new sales representatives is not immediately offset by increased revenue and may never result in increased revenue. The timing of our hiring of new sales personnel and the rate at which they generate incremental revenue could therefore affect our future period-to-period financial performance.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel and facilities costs related to our executive, finance, human resources, information technology and legal organizations, as well as fees for professional services. Professional services consist of fees for outside legal, audit, compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or Sarbanes-Oxley, and information technology consulting. We expect to continue to incur significant accounting and legal costs related to compliance with rules and regulations implemented by the SEC, as well as additional insurance, investor relations and other costs associated with being a public company.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income (expense), net includes interest income on cash balances and short-term investments, interest expense on our outstanding debt and borrowings under our revolving line of credit, and losses or gains on remeasurement of non-United States dollar transactions into United States dollars. If we are successful in growing our international sales we may be subject to increased currency conversion risks because a larger portion of our sales could be denominated in foreign currencies. We have historically invested our available cash balances in money market funds, short-term United States Government and agency obligations, municipal bonds, corporate debt securities and commercial paper.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP. These accounting principles require us to make estimates and judgments that can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the periods presented. We believe that the estimates and judgments upon which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time that we make these estimates and judgments. To the extent there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, our consolidated financial statements will be affected. The accounting policies that reflect our more significant estimates and judgments and which we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results are revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, inventory valuation, warranty provision, allowances for doubtful accounts and income taxes.

With the exception of the discussion noted below a description of our critical accounting policies that involve significant management judgment appears in our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates."


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Revenue Recognition

We derive our revenue from sales of storage solutions that include hardware, software and related support. Because the embedded software of our storage solution is deemed to be more than incidental to the product as a whole, we account for revenue for the entire sale in accordance with the guidance provided by American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position, or SOP, 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended by SOP 98-9, Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition with Respect to Certain Transactions.

We recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the product has been delivered, the fee is fixed or determinable, collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured and, if applicable, upon satisfaction of evaluation criteria or expiration of the evaluation period, as the case may be. Our fees are considered fixed or determinable at the execution of an agreement, which comprises the final terms of sale including the description, quantity and price of each product purchased. Our sales arrangements with customers and resellers do not include rights of return or rebates and to date, product returns have been negligible. We assess our ability to collect from our customers based on a number of factors, including creditworthiness of the customer and past transaction history.

Prior to March 2007, we typically sold our products with a three-year basic hardware warranty and software warranty. The software warranty was limited to bug fixes for any non-conforming software products. We generally recognized as product revenue all revenue associated with sales of our products at the time of shipment or installation, depending on the terms of the arrangement, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria were met. During this period, we also offered a premium hardware warranty and an extended hardware and software warranty after the initial contract term. Our premium hardware warranty offers faster response time than our basic hardware warranty. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Technical Bulletin 90-1, Accounting for Separately Priced Extended Warranty and Product Maintenance Contracts, we recognized revenue relating to our premium hardware warranty and extended hardware and software warranties ratably as support revenue over the warranty period, which was typically three years for premium warranty and one year from termination of the basic warranty for extended warranty.

In March 2007, in anticipation of evolving customer requirements for software support, we changed from a software warranty model to a software support model. Under the software support model, the customer receives, in addition to bug fixes, unspecified software upgrades and enhancements, on a when-and-if available basis, over the term of the support period. Commencing in March 2007, we sell all of our systems together with software support. This new software support is considered post-contract customer support, or PCS, under SOP 97-2.

Our sales are comprised of multiple elements, which include hardware, software and PCS. We allocate revenue to the delivered elements of the sale, typically hardware and software, using the residual method. Under the residual method, we defer revenue from the sale equivalent to the VSOE of the fair value of the PCS and apply any discounts to the delivered elements in accordance with the provisions of SOP 97-2, as amended by SOP 98-9. VSOE of the fair value of PCS within a sale is based upon stated renewal rates included within the evidence of the arrangement with the customer. In circumstances where the arrangement does not include stated renewal rates, VSOE of fair value of PCS is based on actual renewal rates for separate sales of PCS to other customers.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2008, we established VSOE of the fair value of our new software support based on stated renewal rates offered to customers within the arrangement. As a result, beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2008, we defer revenue recognition of the software support and recognize it as support revenue on a straight-line basis over the support period, which is primarily one year. We allocate the remainder of the revenue associated with the sale to product revenue using the residual method, as allowed by SOP 98-9. Support revenue also continues to include our premium and extended hardware warranties.

During the month of March 2007, the Company did not have VSOE of fair value for its new software support model. Accordingly, through March 31, 2008, the Company was recognizing all of the product and support revenue from transactions that included software support during the month of March 2007 as product revenue ratably over the support period of one to three years. During the first quarter of fiscal 2009, we established VSOE of fair value of PCS for these March 2007 transactions based on renewal rates for separate sales of PCS to other customers. Accordingly, in the first quarter of fiscal 2009 we applied the residual method to the remaining deferred revenue associated with the March 2007 transactions.


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We typically recognize product revenue upon installation for transactions sold directly to end users, provided that the remaining revenue recognition criteria discussed above are satisfied. In cases where the arrangement includes acceptance criteria, we recognize revenue upon the earlier of receipt of customer acceptance or the lapse of the acceptance period. For sales through our resellers, we generally recognize product revenue upon shipment, based on freight terms of FOB Shipping Point or FOB Destination, assuming all other criteria for revenue recognition discussed above have been satisfied.

Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended September 30, 2008 and 2007

Revenue

The following tables present period over period comparisons of our revenue by
revenue source for the three and six months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007
(dollars in thousands):



                                      Three Months Ended                             Six Months Ended
                                         September 30,            Change in            September 30,           Change in
                                       2008          2007          $        %        2008         2007          $        %
Types of Revenue:
Product                             $   41,427     $ 26,775     $ 14,652    55 %   $ 81,351     $ 49,898     $ 31,453    63 %
As % of total revenue                     91.8 %       95.7 %                          92.3 %       96.3 %
Support                                  3,720        1,206        2,514   208 %      6,749        1,891        4,858   257 %
As % of total revenue                      8.2 %        4.3 %                           7.7 %        3.7 %

Total revenue                       $   45,147     $ 27,981     $ 17,166    61 %   $ 88,100     $ 51,789     $ 36,311    70 %


                                      Three Months Ended                             Six Months Ended
                                         September 30,            Change in            September 30,           Change in
                                       2008          2007          $        %        2008         2007          $        %
Revenue by geography:
United States                       $   37,871     $ 23,634     $ 14,237    60 %   $ 77,252     $ 44,726     $ 32,526    73 %
As % of total revenue                     83.9 %       84.5 %                          87.7 %       86.4 %
International                            7,276        4,347        2,929    67 %     10,848        7,063        3,785    54 %
As % of total revenue                     16.1 %       15.5 %                          12.3 %       13.6 %

Total revenue                       $   45,147     $ 27,981     $ 17,166    61 %   $ 88,100     $ 51,789     $ 36,311    70 %


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Our total revenue increased by $17.2 million, or 61%, to $45.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008 from $28.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007, and by $36.3 million, or 70%, to $88.1 million in the six months ended September 30, 2008 from $51.8 million in the six months ended September 30, 2007. Product revenue increased by $14.7 million, or 55%, to $41.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008 from $26.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007, and by $31.5 million, or 63%, to $81.4 million in the six months ended September 30, 2008 from $49.9 million in the six months ended September 30, 2007. The increases in fiscal 2009 were principally due to an increase in repeat sales to existing customers and the expansion of our customer base. Revenue in the six months ended September 30, 2008 also benefited from the recognition of $2.8 million of deferred revenue associated with certain March 2007 transactions that we were previously recognizing on a ratable basis. Revenue from our existing customers represented 79% and 83% of total revenue in the three and six months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, as compared to 73% and 76% of total revenue in the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. We increased the number of our sales and marketing personnel to 178 at September 30, 2008, from 129 at September 30, 2007, which contributed to our ability to expand our customer base.

Support revenue increased by $2.5 million to $3.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008 from $1.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007, and by $4.9 million to $6.7 million in the six months ended September 30, 2008 from $1.9 million in the six months ended September 30, 2007. The increases in support revenue in the three and six months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same periods in the prior year are primarily attributable to the growth in the installed base of our storage solutions, which resulted in a higher number of initial PCS, extended and premium warranty contracts and . . .

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