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| LHCG > SEC Filings for LHCG > Form 10-Q on 10-Nov-2008 | All Recent SEC Filings |
10-Nov-2008
Quarterly Report
• our critical accounting policies;
• our business strategies and our ability to grow our business;
• our participation in the Medicare and Medicaid programs;
• the reimbursement levels of Medicare and other third-party payors;
• the prompt receipt of payments from Medicare and other third-party payors;
• our future sources of and needs for liquidity and capital resources;
• the value of our investments;
• the effect of any changes in market rates on our operations and cash flows;
• our ability to obtain financing;
• our ability to make payments as they become due;
• the outcomes of various routine and non-routine governmental reviews, audits and investigations;
• our expansion strategy, the successful integration of recent acquisitions and, if necessary, the ability to relocate or restructure our current facilities;
• the value of our proprietary technology;
• the impact of legal proceedings;
• our insurance coverage;
• the costs of medical supplies;
• our competitors and our competitive advantages;
• the price of our stock;
• our compliance with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations;
• our compliance with health care laws and regulations;
• our compliance with Securities and Exchange Commission laws and regulations and Sarbanes-Oxley requirements;
• the impact of federal and state government regulation on our business; and
• the impact of changes in our future interpretations of fraud, anti-kickbacks or other laws.
The forward-looking statements contained in this report reflect our current
views about future events and are based on assumptions and are subject to known
and unknown risks and uncertainties. Many important factors could cause actual
results or achievements to differ materially from any future results or
achievements expressed in or implied by our forward-looking statements. Many of
the factors that will determine future events or achievements are beyond our
ability to control or predict. Important factors that could cause actual results
or achievements to differ materially from the results or achievements reflected
in our forward-looking statements include, among other things, the factors
discussed in the Part II, Item 1A "Risk Factors," included in this report and in
other of our filings with the SEC, including our annual report on Form 10-K for
the year ended December 31, 2007. This report should be read in conjunction with
that annual report on Form 10-K, and all our other filings, including quarterly
reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, made with the SEC through
the date of this report.
You should read this report, the information incorporated by reference into
this report and the documents filed as exhibits to this report completely and
with the understanding that our actual future results or achievements may be
materially different from what we expect or anticipate.
The forward-looking statements contained in this report reflect our views and
assumptions only as of the date this report is signed. Except as required by
law, we assume no responsibility for updating any forward-looking statements.
We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary
statements. In addition, with respect to all of our forward-looking statements,
we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements
contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
Unless the context otherwise requires, "we," "us," "our," and the "Company"
refer to LHC Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Overview
We provide post-acute health care services, through our home nursing
agencies, hospices, long-term acute care hospitals ("LTACHs") and an outpatient
rehabilitation clinic. Our founders began operations in 1994 with one home
nursing agency in Palmetto, Louisiana. Since then, we have grown to 206 service
providers in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Texas, Arkansas, Virginia, West
Virginia, Kentucky, Florida, Tennessee, Georgia, Ohio and Missouri as of
September 30, 2008.
Segments
We operate in two segments for financial reporting purposes: home-based
services and facility-based services. During the three months ended
September 30, 2008 and 2007, home-based services accounted for 86.1% and 81.6%,
respectively, of our net service revenue and 84.4% and 81.3% for the nine months
ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The remaining net service
revenue balance relates to our facility-based services segment.
Through our home-based services segment we offer a wide range of services,
including skilled nursing, private duty nursing, medically-oriented social
services, hospice care and physical, occupational and speech therapy. As of
September 30, 2008, we owned and operated 172 home nursing locations, 13
hospices, two private duty agencies and two diabetes self management companies.
We also manage the operations of four locations in which we have no ownership
interest. Of our 193 home-based services locations, 110 are wholly-owned by us,
71 are majority-owned or controlled by us through joint ventures, eight are
license lease arrangements and we manage the operations of the remaining four
locations. We intend to increase the number of home nursing agencies that we
operate through continued acquisitions and development throughout the United
States. As we acquire and develop home nursing agencies, we anticipate the
percentage of our net service revenue and operating income derived from our
home-based services segment will increase.
We provide facility-based services principally through our LTACHs and an
outpatient rehabilitation clinic. As of September 30, 2008, we owned and
operated four LTACHS with seven locations, of which all but one are located
within host hospitals. We also owned and operated one outpatient rehabilitation
clinic, two medical equipment locations, a health club and a pharmacy. Of these
twelve facility-based services locations, six are wholly-owned by us and six are
majority-owned through joint ventures. We also manage the operations of one
inpatient rehabilitation facility in which we have no ownership interest. Due to
our emphasis on expansion through the acquisition and development of home
nursing agencies, we anticipate that the percentage of our net service revenue
and operating income derived from our facility-based services will decline.
Recent Developments
Medicare
Home-Based Services. The base payment rate for Medicare home nursing in
2008 is $2,270 per a 60-day episode. Since the inception of the prospective
payment system in October 2000, the base episode rate payment has varied due to
both the impact of annual market basket based increases and Medicare-related
legislation. Home health payment rates are updated annually by either the full
home health market basket percentage, or by the home health market basket
percentage as adjusted by Congress. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
("CMS") establish the home health market basket index, which measures inflation
in the prices of an appropriate mix of goods and services included in home
health services.
In August 2007, CMS released a final rule, updating and making major
refinements to the Medicare home health prospective payment system for 2008 (the
"Final Rule"). The Final Rule, including any amendments thereto, was effective
on January 1, 2008. CMS instituted these changes to the home health payment
system to account for reported increases over the past several years in the home
health case-mix, which CMS believes have been caused by changes in home health
agencies ("HHA") coding practices and documentation - not by the treatment of
resource-intense patients. CMS thus designed the new case-mix model to better
predict the resource-intensity required by home health beneficiaries over the
60-day episode of care, which would, in turn, improve the accuracy of Medicare
reimbursement to HHAs. To effectuate the improvements, the new model does the
following: (1) enables more precise coding for co-morbidities and the differing
health characteristics of longer-stay patients; (2) accounts more accurately for
the effect of rehabilitation services on resource use; and (3) lessens the risk
of overutilization of therapy services by replacing the single threshold (10
visits per episode) with three thresholds (at 6, 14 and 20 visits), as well as a
graduated bonus system based on severity between each threshold.
Also, to address the increases in case-mix that CMS views as unrelated to
home health patients' clinical conditions, the Final Rule implemented a
reduction in the national standardized 60-day episode payment rate for four
years. A 2.75 percent reduction began in 2008 and will continue for three years,
with a 2.71 percent reduction in the fourth year. Also, in the Final Rule, CMS
finalized the market basket increase of 3.0 percent, a 0.1 percent increase from
the proposed rule. When the market basket update is viewed in conjunction with -
(1) the 2.75 percent reduction in home health payment rates for 2008; (2) the
implementation of the new case-mix adjustment system; (3) the changes in the
wage index; and (4) the other changes made in the Final Rule - CMS predicts a
0.8 percent increase in payments for urban HHAs and a 1.77 percent decrease in
payments for rural HHAs. Collectively, the changes in the Final Rule (not
including the case-mix or wage index adjustments) decrease the national 60-day
episode payment rate for HHAs from the 2007 level of $2,339 to $2,270 in 2008.
In July 2008, the U.S. Senate passed H.R. 6331 (The Medicare Improvement for
Patients and Providers Act of 2008) which preserved the 2009 market basket
inflation updates for Medicare home health care and hospice providers. The
market basket increase for home health care and hospice providers is currently
estimated to be 3.0 percent for 2009. The Medicare Improvement for Patients and
Providers Act of 2008 did not include a rural add-on for home health providers
in 2009.
Medicare hospice payment rates for fiscal year 2009 will receive a 2.5
percent increase. The increase in the hospice payment is the result of a 3.6
percent increase in the hospital market basket indicator cost, offset by a 1.1
percent decrease in payments to hospices as CMS phases out a transitional
adjustment used in calculating the hospice wage index. The hospice cap amount
for 2008 is $22,386.
Facility-Based Services. LTACHs are primarily engaged in the hospital treatment
of medically complex patients requiring long inpatient stays. In doing so, they
utilize a physician directed multi-disciplinary team of health care
practitioners. Patients are assessed before admission for appropriateness and,
if admitted, an individualized goal oriented treatment plan is developed with
re-assessments occurring at least weekly.
Until 2002, LTACHs were paid by Medicare on a "reasonable cost" basis. Since
that time, LTACHs are paid under a prospective payment system called MS-LTC-DRGs
which, rather than cost, pays based on the resources typically utilized to care
for patients with the same diagnoses. The standard Medicare rate per discharge
for fiscal year 2009 is $39,114.36. Payments are increased or decreased from the
standard rate to account for age, co-morbidities, complications, and procedures.
Beginning in 2004, LTACHs that are co-located with another hospital have
special payment limitations if certain percentage thresholds of Medicare
patients are admitted from the co-located hospital. Six of our LTACH locations
are co-located.
On December 29, 2007, the Medicare, Medicaid, and SCHIP Extension Act
("MMSEA") became effective. Under MMSEA, the percentage threshold for each of
our co-located facilities was increased to 75 percent. Consequently, beginning
with our next cost reporting year, September 1, 2008, there will be no reduction
in
Medicare reimbursement unless more than 75 percent of Medicare patients are
admitted from the co-located hospital. As none of our locations have ever
admitted more than 60 percent of its Medicare patients from a co-located
hospital, the MMSEA percentage threshold increase should have a positive impact
on the Company.
In addition to the percentage threshold increase, MMSEA created a three year
moratorium, absent qualification for narrow exceptions, on new LTACHs and
satellite facilities of LTACHs, as well as a prohibition on bed increases in
existing facilities. Accordingly, competition among LTACH providers during the
moratorium should be limited. MMSEA also provided for a three year delay in a
scheduled 3.75 percent payment reduction in the LTACH Standard Rate, as well as
a delay in reduction in payments for very short stay patients.
MMSEA also imposed new criteria on providers in order to be paid as an LTACH.
In addition to being required to maintain an average length of stay for Medicare
patients in excess of 25 days, all LTACHs must now be primarily engaged in
providing inpatient services by or under the supervision of a physician to
Medicare beneficiaries whose medically complex condition require a long stay.
Also, LTACHs must now document in the Medicaid record a patient review process
that screens patients prior to admission for appropriateness; validates within
48 hours of admission that patients meet admission criteria for long term care
hospitals; regularly evaluates patients throughout their stay for continuation
of LTACH care; and assesses the available discharge options when patients no
longer meet continued stay criteria. In addition, the LTACH must have active
physician involvement with patients during their treatment through an organized
medical staff, physician directed treatment with physician on-site availability
on a daily basis to review patient progress. Consulting physicians must be "on
call" and capable of being at the patient's side within a moderate amount of
time.
MMSEA also requires the Secretary of Health and Human Services to conduct a
study and report to Congress within 18 months on the establishment of a new
LTACH payment system based on the establishment of LTACH facility and patient
criteria for purposes of determining medical necessity, appropriateness of
admission and continued stay.
Finally, MMSEA also established expanded medical necessity review by fiscal
intermediaries and Medicare administrative contractors. The reviews are
retroactive to October 1, 2007, and must guarantee that at least 75 percent of
overpayments to LTACHs for medically unnecessary services are recovered.
Under Medicare, the Company is reimbursed for rehabilitation services based
on a fee schedule for services provided adjusted by the geographical area in
which the facility is located. On February 1, 2006, Congress passed the Deficit
Reduction Act of 2005, which implemented, among other things, an annual $1,740
Medicare Part B outpatient therapy cap that was effective on January 1, 2006.
CMS subsequently increased the therapy cap to $1,780 on January 1, 2007, and to
$1,810 on January 1, 2008. The legislation also required CMS to implement a
broad process for reviewing medically necessary therapy claims, creating an
exception to the cap. The exception process, which was set to expire on
January 1, 2007, was included in the Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 and
continued to function as an exception to the Medicare Part B outpatient therapy
cap until January 1, 2008. The MMSEA further extended the Medicare Part B
outpatient therapy cap until June 30, 2008. H.R. 6331 extended the therapy cap
exception for outpatient rehabilitation clinics to December 31, 2009.
Office of Inspector General
The Office of Inspector General ("OIG") has a responsibility to report both
to the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services and to Congress
any program and management problems related to programs such as Medicare. The
OIG's duties are carried out through a nationwide network of audits,
investigations and inspections. Each year, the OIG outlines areas it intends to
study relating to a wide range of providers. In its fiscal year 2008 workplans,
the OIG indicated its intent to study topics relating to, among others, home
health, hospice, long-term care hospitals and certain outpatient rehabilitation
services. No estimate can be made at this time regarding the impact, if any, of
the OIG's findings.
Results of Operations
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts
At September 30, 2008, the Company's allowance for uncollectible accounts, as
a percentage of patient accounts receivable, was approximately 16.2%, or
$10.8 million, compared to 11.3% at December 31, 2007.
The following table sets forth as of September 30, 2008, the aging of
accounts receivable (based on the billing date) and the total allowance for
uncollectible accounts expressed as a percentage of the related aged accounts
receivable:
Payor 0-30 31-60 61-90 91-120 121-150 151-180 181-240 241+ Total
(in thousands)
Medicare $ 31,335 $ 2,101 $ 1,900 $ 1,187 $ 1,904 $ 2,325 $ 1,051 $ 4,711 $ 46,514
Medicaid 2,100 324 694 625 550 934 482 3,010 8,719
Other 3,845 505 897 677 1,060 1,227 158 3,095 11,464
Total $ 37,280 $ 2,930 $ 3,491 $ 2,489 $ 3,514 $ 4,486 $ 1,691 $ 10,816 $ 66,697
Allowance as a
percentage of
receivable 4.6 % 4.9 % 7.6 % 11.9 % 8.6 % 18.5 % 26.4 % 62.9 % 16.2 %
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For home-based services, we calculate the allowance for uncollectible
accounts as a percentage of total patient receivables. The percentage changes
depending on the payor and increases as the patient receivables age. For
facility-based services, we calculate the allowance for uncollectible accounts
based on a claim by claim review. As a result, the allowance percentages
presented in the table above vary between the aging categories because of the
mix of claims in each category.
The following table sets forth as of December 31, 2007, the aging of accounts
receivable (based on the billing date) and the total allowance for uncollectible
accounts expressed as a percentage of the related aged accounts receivable:
Payor 0-30 31-60 61-90 91-120 121-150 151-180 181-240 241+ Total
(in thousands)
Medicare $ 20,326 $ 4,904 $ 4,678 $ 3,751 $ 2,915 $ 3,722 $ 861 $ 3,629 $ 44,786
Medicaid 7,292 1,111 938 840 958 1,040 309 3,083 15,571
Other 3,228 2,799 2,321 1,012 1,151 1,113 1,051 5,954 18,629
Total $ 30,846 $ 8,814 $ 7,937 $ 5,603 $ 5,024 $ 5,875 $ 2,221 $ 12,666 $ 78,986
Allowance as a
percentage of
receivable 4.6 % 5.1 % 5.4 % 4.7 % 6.2 % 11.7 % 23.9 % 38.3 % 11.3 %
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Consolidated Net Service Revenues:
Consolidated net service revenues for the three months ended September 30,
2008 was $98.2 million, an increase of $20.7 million, or 26.7%, from
$77.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007. For the three
months ended September 30, 2008, home-based services accounted for 86.1% of
revenue and facility-based services accounted for 13.9% of revenue compared with
81.6% and 18.4%, respectively, for the comparable quarter last year.
Consolidated net service revenues for the nine months ended September 30,
2008 was $271.8 million, an increase of $55.0 million, or 25.4%, from
$216.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. For the nine months
ended September 30, 2008, home-based services accounted for 84.4% of revenue and
facility-based services accounted for 15.6% of revenue compared with 81.3% and
18.7%, respectively, for the comparable period in the prior year.
Home-Based Services. Net service revenue for home-based services for the
three months ended September 30, 2008 was $84.5 million, an increase of
$21.3 million, or 33.7%, from $63.2 million for the three months ended
September 30, 2007. Total admissions increased 24.2% to 13,925 during the
current period, versus 11,216 for the
same period in 2007. Average home-based patient census for the three months
ended September 30, 2008, increased 28.9% to 21,733 patients as compared with
16,862 patients for the three months ended September 30, 2007.
Net service revenue for home-based services for the nine months ended
September 30, 2008 was $229.3 million, an increase of $53.0 million, or 30.1%,
from $176.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Total
admissions increased 24.3% to 40,604 during the current period, versus 32,656
for the same period in 2007. Average home-based patient census for the nine
months ended September 30, 2008, increased 25.8% to 20,386 patients as compared
to 16,208 patients for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
As detailed in the table below, the increase in revenue is explained by
organic growth, our internal acquisition growth, as defined below, and the
growth from our acquisitions during the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2008.
Organic Growth
Organic growth includes growth on "same store" locations (those owned for
greater than 12 months) and growth from "de novo" locations. We calculate
organic growth by dividing organic growth generated in a period by total revenue
generated in the same period of the prior year. Revenue from acquired agencies
contributes to organic growth beginning with the thirteenth month after
acquisition. During the first 12 months after an acquisition, we are able to
grow the acquired agencies revenue. This growth is called internal acquisition
growth ("IAG"). Internal growth, or the combination of IAG and organic growth,
provides a more complete measure of the Company's actual growth between two
periods.
The following table details the Company's revenue growth and percentages for
organic and total growth:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2008 (in thousands except census and episode
data)
Same Organic Internal Internal Total Total
Store(1) De Novo(2) Organic(3) Growth % Growth (4) Growth % Acquired(5) Growth Growth %
Revenue $ 68,943 $ 2,138 $ 71,081 12.4 % $ 73,826 16.8 % $ 13,433 $ 84,514 33.7 %
Revenue Medicare $ 58,110 $ 1,841 $ 59,951 16.8 % $ 62,177 21.1 % $ 11,272 $ 71,223 38.7 %
Average Census 18,164 641 18,805 11.5 % 19,071 13.1 % 2,928 21,733 28.9 %
Average Medicare Census 14,713 529 15,242 19.4 % 15,517 21.5 % 2,568 17,810 39.5 %
Episodes 25,414 678 26,092 27.3 % 27,010 31.7 % 3,611 29,703 44.9 %
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(1) Same store - location that has been in service with the Company for greater than 12 months.
(2) De Novo - internally developed location that has been in service with the Company for 12 months or less.
(3) Organic - combination of same store and de novo.
(4) Internal - organic plus IAG.
(5) Acquired - purchased location that has been in service with the Company for 12 months or less.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 (in thousands except census and episode
data)
Same Organic Internal Internal Total Total
Store(1) De Novo(2) Organic(3) Growth % Growth (4) Growth % Acquired(5) Growth Growth %
Revenue $ 197,966 $ 4,413 $ 202,379 14.8 % $ 206,474 17.1 % $ 26,917 $ 229,296 30.1 %
Revenue Medicare $ 164,916 $ 3,795 $ 168,711 18.0 % $ 172,329 20.5 % $ 22,724 $ 191,435 33.9 %
Average Census 16,953 582 17,535 8.2 % 17,724 9.4 % 2,851 20,386 25.8 %
Average Medicare Census 13,464 477 13,941 14.6 % 14,117 16.0 % 2,469 16,410 34.9 %
Episodes 73,931 1,416 75,347 31.4 % 78,513 37.0 % 8,696 84,043 46.6 %
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(1) Same store - location that has been in service with the Company for greater than 12 months.
(2) De Novo - internally developed location that has been in service with the Company for . . .
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