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| LPSN > SEC Filings for LPSN > Form 10-Q on 7-Nov-2008 | All Recent SEC Filings |
7-Nov-2008
Quarterly Report
OVERVIEW
LivePerson provides online engagement solutions that facilitate real-time assistance and trusted expert advice. Our hosted software platform creates more relevant, compelling and personalized online experiences.
We were incorporated in the State of Delaware in November 1995 and the LivePerson service was introduced initially in November 1998.
On July 18, 2006, we acquired Proficient Systems, Inc. ("Proficient"), a provider of hosted proactive chat solutions that help companies generate revenue on their websites. The acquisition added several U.K. based financial services clients and provided an innovative product marketing team. Under the terms of the agreement, we acquired all of the outstanding capital stock of Proficient in exchange for 2.0 million shares of our common stock, valued at $9.9 million, paid at closing, and up to an additional 2.05 million shares based on the achievement of certain revenue targets as of March 31, 2007. Based on these targets, we issued approximately 1.1 million additional shares valued at $8.9 million. At March 31, 2007, the value of these shares has been allocated to goodwill and we have included these shares in the weighted average shares outstanding used in basic and diluted net income per share. The net intangibles of $0.6 and $1.3 million are included in "Assets - Intangibles, net" on our September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 balance sheets, respectively.
On October 3, 2007, we acquired Kasamba Inc. ("Kasamba"), a facilitator of online transactions between service experts who provide online advice to consumers for total consideration of approximately $35.9 million. The acquisition accelerated our expansion into the business-to-consumer market, and is expected to extend the value we deliver to our growing base of business customers through a community that will connect consumers with experts in a range of categories. Under the terms of the agreement, we acquired all of the outstanding capital stock of Kasamba in exchange for 4,130,776 shares of our common stock, $9.0 million in cash and the assumption of 623,824 Kasamba options. The net intangibles of $4.3 and $5.6 million are included in "Assets - Intangibles, net" on our September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 balance sheets, respectively.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
GENERAL
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. As such, we are required to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions that management believes are reasonable based upon the information available. We base these estimates on our historical experience, future expectations and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for our judgments that may not be readily apparent from other sources. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. These estimates and assumptions relate to estimates of collectibility of accounts receivable, the expected term of a client relationship, accruals and other factors. We evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions, and any differences could be material.
The significant accounting policies which we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating the reported consolidated financial results include the following:
REVENUE RECOGNITION
LivePerson provides online engagement solutions that facilitate real-time assistance and expert advice. Our hosted software platform creates more relevant, compelling and personalized online experiences.
Our primary revenue source is from the sale of the LivePerson services under the brand names Timpani and LivePerson. With the acquisition of Kasamba on October 3, 2007, we also facilitate online transactions between experts who provide online advice to consumers.
The majority of our revenue is generated from monthly service revenues and related professional services from the sale of the LivePerson services. Because we provide our application as a service, we follow the provisions of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, "Revenue Recognition" and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-21, "Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables." We charge a monthly fee, which varies by service and client usage. The majority of our larger clients also pay a professional services fee related to implementation. We may also charge professional service fees related to additional training, business consulting and analysis in support of the LivePerson services.
We also sell certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet download. These services are marketed as LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center for small and mid-sized businesses ("SMBs"), and are paid for almost exclusively by credit card. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce our collection risk, subject to the merchant bank's right to hold back cash pending settlement of the transactions. Sales of LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center may occur with or without the assistance of an online sales representative, rather than through face-to-face or telephone contact that is typically required for traditional direct sales.
We recognize monthly service revenue based upon the fee charged for the LivePerson services, provided that there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, no significant Company obligations remain, collection of the resulting receivable is probable and the amount of fees to be paid is fixed or determinable. Our service agreements typically have twelve month terms and are terminable upon 30 to 90 days' notice without penalty. When professional service fees provide added value to the customer on a standalone basis and there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of each deliverable, we recognize professional service fees upon completion and customer acceptance of key milestones within each of the professional services engagements. If a professional services arrangement does not qualify for separate accounting, we recognize the fees, and the related labor costs, ratably over a period of 36 months, representing our current estimate of the term of the client relationship.
For revenue generated from online transactions between experts and consumers, we apply Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") 99-19, "Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principle versus Net as an Agent" due to the fact that we perform as an agent without any risk of loss for collection. We collect a fee from the consumer and retain a portion of the fee, and then remit the balance to the expert. Revenue from these transactions is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, no significant Company obligations remain, collection of the resulting receivable is probable and the amount of fees to be paid is fixed or determinable.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
We adopted SFAS No. 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method, which requires the application of the accounting standard as of January 1, 2006, the first day of our fiscal year. Our Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 reflect the impact of SFAS No. 123(R). In accordance with the modified prospective transition method, our Consolidated Financial Statements for prior periods have not been restated to reflect, and do not include, the impact of SFAS No. 123(R).
As of September 30, 2008, there was approximately $10.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.3 years.
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Our customers are primarily concentrated in the United States. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers' financial condition (except for customers who purchase the LivePerson services by credit card via Internet download) and have established an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of customers, historical trends and other information that we believe to be reasonable, although they may change in the future. If there is a deterioration of a customer's credit worthiness or actual write-offs are higher than our historical experience, our estimates of recoverability for these receivables could be adversely affected. Our concentration of credit risk is limited due to the large number of customers. No single customer accounted for or exceeded 10% of our total revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. One customer accounted for approximately 16% of accounts receivable as September 30, 2008. No single customer accounted for or exceeded 10% of accounts receivable at December 31, 2007. We increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by $68,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2008, principally due to an increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales and to the fact that a larger proportion of receivables are due from larger corporate clients that typically have longer payment cycles. Additionally, we wrote off approximately $16,000 of previously reserved accounts, leaving a net allowance of $260,000 at September 30, 2008.
GOODWILL
In accordance with SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but reviewed for impairment upon the occurrence of events or changes in circumstances that would reduce the fair value below its carrying amount. Goodwill is required to be tested for impairment at least annually. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit under the first step of the goodwill impairment test and determining the fair value of individual assets and liabilities of a reporting unit (including unrecognized intangible assets) under the second step of the goodwill impairment test is judgmental in nature and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. Similarly, estimates and assumptions are used in determining the fair value of other intangible assets. These estimates and assumptions could have a significant impact on whether or not an impairment charge is recognized and also the magnitude of any such charge.
To assist in the process of determining goodwill impairment, we obtain appraisals from an independent valuation firm. In addition to the use of an independent valuation firm, we perform internal valuation analyses and consider other market information that is publicly available. Estimates of fair value are primarily determined using discounted cash flows and market comparisons. These approaches use significant estimates and assumptions including projected future cash flows (including timing), discount rates reflecting the risk inherent in future cash flows, perpetual growth rates, determination of appropriate market comparables and the determination of whether a premium or discount should be applied to comparables.
In accordance with SFAS No. 142, we completed our annual impairment test in the third quarter of 2008. Based on this test, we determined that no impairment had occurred. Beginning in the first quarter of 2009, we are required to adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 157. We are currently evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 157 on goodwill. We may be required to record a significant charge to earnings in our financial statements if we determine that an impairment has occurred under the new pronouncement.
IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
In accordance with SFAS No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets," long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and purchased intangibles subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying value of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying value of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying value or the fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposed group classified as held for sale would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet.
USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires our management to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the carrying amount of goodwill, intangibles, stock-based compensation, valuation allowances for deferred income tax assets, accounts receivable, the expected term of a client relationship, accruals and other factors. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP 142-3, "Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets" ("FSP 142-3"). FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." FSP 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently assessing the impact of FSP 142-3 on our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, "Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133" ("SFAS No. 161"). This Standard requires enhanced disclosures regarding derivatives and hedging activities, including: (a) the manner in which an entity uses derivative instruments; (b) the manner in which derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities"; and (c) the effect of derivative instruments and related hedged items on an entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. The Standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. As SFAS No. 161 relates specifically to disclosures, the Standard will have no impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised 2007), "Business Combinations" ("SFAS No. 141(R)"). SFAS No. 141(R) established principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, and the goodwill acquired. SFAS No. 141(R) also established disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 141(R) will have on our accounting for past and future acquisitions and on our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, "The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" ("SFAS No. 159"). SFAS No. 159 allows entities the option to measure at fair value eligible financial instruments that are not currently measured at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Although we have adopted this standard, we have not yet elected the fair value option for any assets or liabilities, and therefore the adoption of this standard has not had any impact on our financial position or results of operations.
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements" ("SFAS No. 157"), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, but does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with the exception of all non-financial assets and liabilities which will be effective for years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company adopted the required provisions of SFAS No. 157 that became effective in our first quarter of 2008. The adoption of these provisions did not have a material impact on Company's consolidated financial statements. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, "Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157" ("FSP 157-2"). FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for certain items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). We are currently evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 157 on our Consolidated Financial Statements for items within the scope of FSP 157-2, which will become effective beginning with our first quarter of 2009.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
REVENUE
The majority of our revenue is generated from monthly service revenues and related professional services from the sale of the LivePerson services. We charge a monthly fee, which varies by service and client usage. The majority of our larger clients also pay a professional services fee related to implementation. The proportion of our new clients that are large corporations is increasing. These companies typically have more significant implementation requirements and more stringent data security standards. As a result, our professional services revenue has begun to increase. Such clients also have more sophisticated data analysis and performance reporting requirements, and are more likely to engage our professional services organization to provide such analysis and reporting on a recurring basis. As a result, it is likely that a greater proportion of our future revenue will be generated from such ongoing professional services work.
Revenue attributable to our monthly service fee accounted for 94% of total LivePerson services revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008. Revenue attributable to our monthly service fee accounted for 97% and 95% of total LivePerson services revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. Our service agreements typically have twelve month terms and are terminable upon 30 to 90 days' notice without penalty. Given the time required to schedule training for our clients' operators and our clients' resource constraints, we have historically experienced a lag between signing a client contract and recognizing revenue from that client. This lag has recently ranged from 30 to 90 days.
We also sell certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet download. These services are marketed as LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center for small and mid-sized businesses ("SMBs"), and are paid for almost exclusively by credit card. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce our collection risk, subject to the merchant bank's right to hold back cash pending settlement of the transactions. Sales of LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center may occur with or without the assistance of an online sales representative, rather than through face-to-face or telephone contact that is typically required for traditional direct sales.
With the acquisition of Kasamba on October 3, 2007, we also facilitate online transactions between experts who provide online advice to consumers. We collect a fee from the user and retain a portion of the fee, and then remit the balance to the expert.
We also have entered into contractual arrangements that complement our direct sales force and online sales efforts. These are primarily with Web hosting and call center service companies, pursuant to which LivePerson is paid a commission based on revenue generated by these service companies from our referrals. To date, revenue from such commissions has not been material.
OPERATING EXPENSES
Our cost of revenue consists of:
· compensation costs relating to employees who provide customer support and implementation services to our clients;
· compensation costs relating to our network support staff;
· allocated occupancy costs and related overhead;
· the cost of supporting our infrastructure, including expenses related to server leases, infrastructure support costs and Internet connectivity, as well as depreciation of certain hardware and software; and
· the credit card fees and related processing costs associated with the consumer and SMB services.
Our product development expenses consist primarily of compensation and related expenses for product development personnel, allocated occupancy costs and related overhead, outsourced labor and expenses for testing new versions of our software. Product development expenses are charged to operations as incurred.
Our sales and marketing expenses consist of compensation and related expenses for sales personnel and marketing personnel, online marketing, allocated occupancy costs and related overhead, advertising, sales commissions, public relations, promotional materials, travel expenses and trade show exhibit expenses.
Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and related expenses for executive, accounting, legal and human resources personnel, allocated occupancy costs and related overhead, professional fees, insurance, provision for doubtful accounts and other general corporate expenses.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by $68,000, principally due to an increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales and to the fact that a larger proportion of receivables are due from larger corporate clients that typically have longer payment cycles. Additionally, wrote off approximately $16,000 of previously reserved accounts leaving a net allowance of $260,000 at September 30, 2008. During 2007, we increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by $103,000 to approximately $208,000, principally due to an increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales. We base our allowance for doubtful accounts on specifically identified credit risks of customers, historical trends and other information that we believe to be reasonable. We adjust our allowance for doubtful accounts when accounts previously reserved have been collected.
NON-CASH COMPENSATION EXPENSE
The net non-cash compensation amounts for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2008 and 2007 consist of:
Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2008 2007 2008 2007
Stock-based compensation expense
related to SFAS No. 123(R) $ 1,014 $ 930 $ 3,178 $ 2,642
Total $ 1,014 $ 930 $ 3,178 $ 2,642
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PERIOD-TO-PERIOD COMPARISONS
Due to our acquisition of Kasamba in October 2007, Proficient in July 2006, and our limited operating history, we believe that comparisons of our operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 with each other, or with those of prior periods, are not meaningful and that our historical operating results should not be relied upon as indicative of future performance.
Comparison of Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 and 2007
Revenue. Total revenue increased by 51% and 55% to $19.4 million and $55.0 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, from $12.8 million and $35.5 million in the comparable periods in 2007. Excluding Kasamba revenue in the amounts of $2.6 million and $8.1 million, revenue increased by 30% and 32% to $16.7 million and $46.9 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2007. This increase is primarily attributable to increased revenue from existing clients in the amount of approximately $2.2 million and $7.1 million, respectively, and, to a lesser extent, to revenue from new clients in the amount of approximately $2.0 million and $5.7 million, respectively, net of cancellations and an increase in professional services revenue of approximately $203,000 and $855,000, respectively. Our revenue growth has traditionally been driven by both newly added clients and expansion of existing clients.
Cost of Revenue. Cost of revenue consists of compensation costs relating to employees who provide customer service to our clients, compensation costs relating to our network support staff, the cost of supporting our hosting infrastructure, including expenses related to server leases and Internet connectivity, as well as depreciation of certain hardware and software, and allocated occupancy costs and related overhead. Cost of revenue increased by 58% and 67% to $5.2 million and $15.3 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, from $3.3 million and $9.2 million in the comparable period in 2007. Excluding Kasamba cost of revenue in the amounts of $651,000 and $1.9 million, cost of revenue increased by 38% and 46% to $4.6 million and $13.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2007. This increase is primarily attributable to costs related to additional account management and network operations personnel to support increased client activity from existing clients and the addition of new clients in the amount of approximately $912,000 and $2.4 million, respectively. The increase is also attributable to technology amortization related to our Kasamba acquisition in the amount of $251,000 and $698,000 and to the depreciation recorded relating to the colocation hosting equipment in the amounts of $275,000 and $475,000 in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively. As a result, our gross margin in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 decreased to 73% and 72%, respectively, as compared to 74% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. The proportion of our new clients that are large corporations is increasing. These companies typically have more significant implementation requirements and more stringent data security standards. As a . . .
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