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| CHFC > SEC Filings for CHFC > Form 10-Q on 5-Nov-2008 | All Recent SEC Filings |
5-Nov-2008
Quarterly Report
The following is management's discussion and analysis of certain significant factors that have affected the Corporation's financial condition and results of operations during the periods included in the consolidated financial statements included in this filing.
Critical Accounting Policies
The Corporation's consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and follow general practices within the industry in which the Corporation operates. Application of these principles requires management to make estimates, assumptions and complex judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates, assumptions and judgments are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; accordingly, as this information changes, the financial statements could reflect different estimates, assumptions and judgments. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Certain policies inherently have a greater reliance on the use of estimates, assumptions and judgments and, as such, have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported. Management has identified the determination of the allowance for loan losses, pension and other postretirement plan accounting, income and other taxes, capitalization and valuation of mortgage servicing rights and the evaluation of goodwill impairment to be the accounting areas that require the most subjective or complex judgments, and as such, could be most subject to revision as new or additional information becomes available or circumstances change, including overall changes in the economic climate and/or market interest rates. Therefore, management considers them to be critical accounting policies and discusses them directly with the Audit Committee of the board of directors. The Corporation's significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note A to the audited consolidated financial statements contained in the Corporation's 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K and the more significant assumptions and estimates made by management are more fully described in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies" in the Corporation's 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to those policies or the estimates made pursuant to those policies during the most recent quarter.
Summary
The Corporation incurred a net loss of $1.0 million in the third quarter of 2008, compared to net income of $10.6 million in the third quarter of 2007. Diluted loss per share was $(0.04) in the third quarter of 2008, down from diluted earnings per share of $0.44 in the third quarter of 2007. The decreases in net income and earnings per share from the third quarter of 2007 were primarily the result of a significant increase in the provision for loan losses that was partially offset by an increase in net interest income.
Return on average assets in the third quarter of 2008 was (0.11)%, compared to 1.10% in the third quarter of 2007 on an annualized basis. Return on average equity in the third quarter of 2008 was (0.8)%, compared to 8.4% in the third quarter of 2007 on an annualized basis.
Total assets were $3.79 billion as of September 30, 2008, down $34.7 million, or 0.9%, from September 30, 2007, and up $33.8 million, or 0.9%, from total assets of $3.75 billion at December 31, 2007.
Total loans were $2.93 billion as of September 30, 2008, an increase of $113.4 million, or 4.0%, from September 30, 2007, and an increase of $128.9 million, or 4.6%, from December 31, 2007. The increases in total loans were largely attributable to increases in commercial, real estate commercial and consumer loans being only partially offset by lower real estate residential loans and real estate construction loans.
At September 30, 2008, shareholders' equity was 13.4% of total assets and $21.19 per outstanding share. Shareholders' equity of $505.9 million as of September 30, 2008 decreased $2.6 million, or 0.5%, from December 31, 2007. The decrease in shareholders' equity during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was primarily attributable to cash dividends paid to shareholders exceeding net income during the nine months ended September 30, 2008.
Balance Sheet Changes
Total Assets
Total assets were $3.79 billion as of September 30, 2008, an increase of $33.8 million, or 0.9%, from total assets of $3.75 billion as of December 31, 2007 and a decrease of $34.7 million, or 0.9%, from total assets of $3.82 billion as of September 30, 2007. The increase in total assets from December 31, 2007 was primarily attributable to the increase in total loans that were partially funded by an increase in seasonal deposits. Loan demand was also partially funded through the deployment of excess liquidity that resulted in a decrease in federal funds sold. The decrease in total assets from September 30, 2007 was primarily attributable to the deployment of excess liquidity to reduce wholesale borrowings.
Interest-earning assets were $3.53 billion at September 30, 2008, an increase of $46.2 million, or 1.3%, from December 31, 2007. The increase in interest-earning assets between December 31, 2007 and September 30, 2008 was primarily attributable to the increase in loans that were partially funded by higher seasonal deposits.
Total Deposits
Total deposits were $2.94 billion as of September 30, 2008, an increase of $68.3 million, or 2.4%, from total deposits of $2.88 billion as of December 31, 2007, and a decrease of $23.3 million, or 0.8%, from total deposits of $2.97 billion as of September 30, 2007. The increase in total deposits from December 31, 2007 was primarily attributable to seasonal municipal customer account balances. The decrease in total deposits as of September 30, 2008 compared to September 30, 2007, was primarily attributable to slightly lower retail certificates of deposit and institutional savings deposits.
Loans
The Corporation's philosophy is such that it will not compromise on loan quality and generally does not make loans outside its banking markets to grow or maintain its loan portfolio. In addition, the Corporation generally does not participate in syndicated loans, which is a method utilized by some financial institutions to increase the size of their loan portfolios. The Corporation's loan portfolio consists, almost exclusively, of loans originated within the state of Michigan, although the loan portfolio is generally diversified geographically within the state of Michigan, as well as along industry lines, and is generally well collateralized.
Total loans at September 30, 2008 were $2.93 billion, up $128.9 million, or 4.6%, from total loans at December 31, 2007, and up $113.4 million, or 4.0%, from total loans at September 30, 2007. Total loans were up from December 31, 2007, due largely to a $62.1 million, or 11.3%, increase in consumer loans and a $58.7 million, or 11.4%, increase in commercial loans. These increases were partially offset by a decline in real estate residential loans that continues to be attributable to both the less than favorable economic climate in Michigan and some customers refinancing adjustable interest rate mortgage loans to long-term fixed interest rate loans. The Corporation does not generally hold long-term fixed interest rate residential loans in the loan portfolio due to their higher interest rate risk and therefore sells them in the secondary mortgage market.
Commercial loans increased $58.7 million, or 11.4%, from December 31, 2007 to $574.0 million at September 30, 2008. Commercial loans represented 19.6% of the Corporation's loan portfolio at September 30, 2008 and 18.4% at December 31, 2007. The increase in commercial loans occurred across a broad section of industries, with the growth partially attributable to the seasonal nature of lending in the agricultural industry and opportunities in lending that have arisen due to the tightening of credit by some competitor banks.
Real estate commercial loans increased $16.2 million, or 2.1%, from December 31, 2007 to $776.6 million at September 30, 2008. Real estate commercial loans represented 26.5% of the Corporation's loan portfolio at September 30, 2008 and 27.2% at December 31, 2007.
Commercial lending and real estate commercial lending are generally considered to involve a higher degree of risk than one- to four-family residential lending. Such lending typically involves larger loan balances concentrated in a single borrower. Real estate commercial loans include loans secured by real estate occupied by the owner for ongoing operations, non-owner occupied income producing property, vacant land and land that is in the process of
actively being developed in terms of infrastructure improvements to create finished marketable lots for future development (land development loans). The payment experience on loans secured by income-producing properties and land development loans is typically dependent on the success of the operation of the related project and is typically affected by adverse conditions in the real estate market and in the economy. Land development loans bear an additional risk that the developer may be unable to sell the developed properties due to economic conditions and the inventory of units in the market available for sale. At September 30, 2008, the Corporation had $23.6 million of vacant land and land development loans. The Corporation generally attempts to mitigate the risks associated with commercial and real estate commercial lending by, among other things, lending primarily in its market areas, not developing a concentration in any one line of business and using conservative loan-to-value ratios in the underwriting process.
Real estate construction loans decreased $1.2 million, or 0.9%, from December 31, 2007 to $133.6 million as of September 30, 2008, as a result of loan charge-offs. Real estate construction loans represented 4.6% and 4.8% of the Corporation's loan portfolio as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. At September 30, 2008, real estate construction loans were comprised of $41.9 million of residential home construction loans, $33.6 million of commercial construction loans and $58.1 million of residential development construction loans.
Real estate construction loans are originated for both the construction of business and residential properties and development properties. Real estate construction loans at September 30, 2008 were comprised largely of residential development projects, which include loans attributable to the vertical construction of housing units, vacant land held for future development and finished marketable lots. The risk of loss from business and residential development properties is higher due to the additional risk inherent in the sale of the developed properties.
Construction lending involves a higher degree of risk than one- to four-family residential lending because of the uncertainties of construction, including the possibility of costs exceeding the initial estimates and the need to obtain a tenant or purchaser of the property if it will not be owner-occupied. The Corporation generally attempts to mitigate the risks associated with construction lending by, among other things, lending primarily in its market areas, using conservative underwriting guidelines and closely monitoring the construction process. The Corporation's risk in this area increased during 2007 and the first nine months of 2008 as both the sale of units in residential development projects slowed and prices of units declined considerably as customer demand decreased and the inventory of unsold units increased across the state of Michigan.
Real estate residential loans decreased $6.8 million, or 0.8%, from December 31, 2007 to $831.7 million as of September 30, 2008. The decrease in real estate residential loans was attributable to both a significant decline in Michigan's housing market due to the overall economic environment and customers refinancing adjustable rate and balloon mortgages to long-term fixed interest rate loans that the Corporation sold in the secondary mortgage market. Residential real estate loans represented 28.4% of the Corporation's loan portfolio as of September 30, 2008 and 29.9% as of December 31, 2007. The Corporation's real estate residential loans primarily consist of one- to four-family residential loans with original terms of less than fifteen years. The Corporation's general practice is to sell fixed-rate real estate residential loan originations with maturities of fifteen years and longer in the secondary market. The loan-to-value ratio at the time of origination is generally 80% or less. Loans with more than an 80% loan-to-value ratio generally require private mortgage insurance.
Consumer loans increased $62.1 million, or 11.3%, from December 31, 2007 to $612.4 million as of September 30, 2008. Consumer loans represented 20.9% of the Corporation's loan portfolio as of September 30, 2008 and 19.7% as of December 31, 2007. The increase in consumer loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was attributable to consumer loan promotions during the second and third quarters of 2008, new opportunities for lending to consumer loan customers as automotive captive finance companies significantly reduced vehicle financing during 2008 and the increasing consumer trend of purchasing vehicles rather than leasing them.
Consumer loans generally have shorter terms than mortgage loans but generally involve more credit risk than one- to four-family residential lending because of the type and nature of the collateral. Consumer loans are primarily comprised of loans to borrowers to purchase new and used automobiles, recreational vehicles and boats. Collateral values, particularly those of automobiles, are negatively impacted by many factors, such as new car promotions, vehicle condition and a slow economy. Consumer lending collections are dependent on the borrower's continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be affected by adverse personal situations.
Loans held-for-sale at September 30, 2008 were $10.9 million, an increase of $3.0 million, or 37.8%, compared to $7.9 million at December 31, 2007.
Asset Quality
Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets consist of loans for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued, loans which are past due as to principal or interest by ninety days or more and are still accruing interest and assets obtained through foreclosures and repossessions. The Corporation transfers a loan that is ninety days or more past due to nonaccrual status, unless it believes the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Nonperforming assets were $98.4 million as of September 30, 2008, compared to $87.8 million as of June 30, 2008 and $74.5 million as of December 31, 2007, and represented 2.6%, 2.4% and 2.0% of total assets, respectively. It is management's opinion that the continued increase in nonperforming assets is, in part, attributable to the continued recessionary economic climate within Michigan which has resulted in cash flow difficulties being encountered by many loan customers. The increase in the Corporation's nonperforming assets is not concentrated in any one industry or any one geographical area within Michigan. The Corporation's lending market does not include the southeastern portion of Michigan and at September 30, 2008, the Corporation did not have any nonperforming assets in that portion of the state. As it continues to be publicized nationwide that appraisal values of both residential and commercial real estate properties have generally declined, the Corporation likewise continues to experience declines in both residential and commercial real estate appraisal values due to the weakness in the economy in Michigan. It is management's assessment as of September 30, 2008, for both residential and commercial real estate loans, that the discounted loan-to-value ratios within the Corporation's lending market areas are generally still within an acceptable underwriting range. Based on the declines in both residential and commercial real estate values, management continues to evaluate and discount appraised values to compute estimated fair market values of real estate secured loans or obtain new appraisals. Due to the economic climate within Michigan, it is management's opinion that nonperforming assets will continue to remain at elevated levels, possibly increasing during the fourth quarter of 2008 and into 2009.
The tables below provide a summary of nonperforming assets and the composition of nonperforming loans, by major loan category, as of September 30, 2008, June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
Nonperforming Assets
September 30, June 30, December 31,
2008 2008 2007
------------- -------------- ------------
(In thousands)
Nonaccrual loans $69,719 $61,635 $55,596
Accruing loans contractually past due 13,012 10,288 7,764
90 days ------------- -------------- ------------
or more as to interest or principal
payments
Total nonperforming loans 82,731 71,923 63,360
Other real estate and repossessed 15,699 15,897 11,132
assets ------------- -------------- ------------
Total nonperforming assets $98,430 $87,820 $74,492
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Composition of Nonperforming Loans
September 30, 2008 June 30, 2008 December 31, 2007
-------------------- ------------------ -------------------
Amount % Amount % Amount %
-------- of Total ------- of Total -------- of Total
-------- -------- --------
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial $15,055 18 % $14,048 20 % $12,919 20 %
Real estate commercial 30,816 37 20,863 29 23,842 38
Real estate construction 15,609 19 15,833 22 12,979 20
-------- -------- ------- -------- -------- --------
Subtotal 61,480 74 50,744 71 49,740 78
-------- -------- ------- -------- -------- --------
Real estate residential 15,779 19 14,701 20 9,986 16
Consumer 5,472 7 6,478 9 3,634 6
-------- -------- ------- -------- -------- --------
Total nonperforming $82,731 100 % $71,923 100 % $63,360 100 %
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Nonperforming loans at September 30, 2008 totaled $82.7 million, up $10.8 million, or 15.0%, compared to $71.9 million at June 30, 2008, and up $19.3 million, or 30.6%, compared to $63.4 million at December 31, 2007. The increase in nonperforming loans from December 31, 2007 to September 30, 2008 occurred across all loan categories, while the increase during the third quarter of 2008 occurred primarily in nonperforming real estate commercial loans, which increased $10.0 million, or 47.7%, to $30.8 million at September 30, 2008. This increase was largely attributable to the addition of a $4.9 million commercial development loan relationship that became past due greater than ninety days during the quarter. The level and composition of nonperforming loans has been adversely affected in 2008 by the unprecedented market environment in which the Corporation is operating and by the continuing recessionary economic conditions in the state of Michigan and in the Corporation's local markets. The three commercial categories (commercial, real estate commercial and real estate construction) of nonperforming loans totaled $61.5 million at September 30, 2008, or 74% of total nonperforming loans at that date. The majority of the Corporation's net loan charge-offs during the first nine months of 2008 occurred within these three loan categories, with 85% of net charge-offs in the third quarter of 2008 and 84% of net charge-offs during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 attributable to commercial loan categories.
The following table presents data related to nonperforming commercial, real estate commercial and real estate construction loans by dollar amount as of the dates indicated:
September 30, 2008 June 30, 2008 December 31, 2007
--------------------- ------------------------- ---------------------
Number of Amount Number of Amount Number of Amount
Borrowers --------- Borrowers ---------- Borrowers ---------
--------- ----------- ---------
(Dollars in thousands)
$5.0 million or - $ - 1 $ 5,336 1 $ 6,060
more
$2.5 million - 3 11,897 1 2,765 2 5,728
$4,999,999
$1 million - 14 20,321 10 15,406 10 15,986
$2,499,999
$500,000 - 12 9,932 11 8,791 11 8,072
$999,999
$250,000 - 29 9,907 31 9,880 19 6,232
$499,999
Under $250,000 108 9,423 109 8,566 105 7,662
--------- --------- ----------- ---------- --------- ---------
Total commercial 166 $61,480 163 $50,744 148 $49,740
nonperforming --------- --------- ----------- ---------- --------- ---------
loans
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Nonperforming commercial loans of $15.1 million at September 30, 2008, were up $1.0 million, or 7.2%, from $14.0 million at June 30, 2008 and up $2.1 million, or 16.5%, from $12.9 million at December 31, 2007.
The Corporation's real estate commercial loan portfolio is comprised of three categories: real estate commercial, vacant land and land development loans. The following definitions are provided to clarify the types of loans included in each of the real estate commercial loan categories. Real estate commercial loans are secured by real estate occupied by the owner for ongoing operations and by non-owner occupied real estate leased to one or more tenants. Vacant land loans are secured by undeveloped land which has been acquired for future development. Land development loans are secured by land that is in the process of being developed in terms of infrastructure improvements to create finished marketable lots for future development.
The nonperforming real estate commercial loan portfolio was $30.8 million at September 30, 2008, up $10.0 million, or 47.7%, from $20.8 million at June 30, 2008, due largely to the addition of the $4.9 million commercial development loan relationship that became past due greater than ninety days during the quarter, as discussed above, and up $7.0 million, or 29.3%, from $23.8 million at December 31, 2007. At September 30, 2008, the Corporation's nonperforming real estate commercial loan portfolio was comprised of $23.4 million of real estate commercial loans and $7.4 million of vacant land and land development loans. At September 30, 2008, the Corporation's nonperforming real estate commercial loan portfolio was comprised of a diverse mix of commercial lines of business and was also geographically disbursed throughout the Company's market areas. The Michigan economy remains weak, thus creating a difficult business environment for many lines of business across the state.
Nonperforming real estate construction loans of $15.6 million at September 30, 2008 were down $0.2 million, or 1.4%, from $15.8 million at June 30, 2008 and up $2.6 million, or 20.3%, from $13.0 million at December 31, 2007 and were comprised entirely of residential real estate development loans at September 30, 2008, which consist of construction projects that are collateralized by a combination of vacant land, improved lots and housing units. The economy in Michigan has adversely impacted housing demand throughout the state and, accordingly, the Corporation has experienced an increase in the number of its residential real estate development borrowers with cash flow difficulties associated with a significant decline in sales of both lots and residential real estate.
At September 30, 2008, a total of $14.6 million of the nonperforming commercial, real estate commercial and real estate construction loans were in various stages of foreclosure.
Nonperforming real estate residential loans were $15.8 million at September 30, 2008, an increase of $1.1 million, or 7.3%, from June 30, 2008 and an increase of $5.8 million, or 58.0%, from December 31, 2007. The increase in nonperforming real estate residential loans was largely due to a rise in delinquencies, bankruptcies and foreclosures reflective of the continuing recessionary economic conditions in Michigan. At September 30, 2008, a total of $7.9 million of nonperforming real estate residential loans were in various stages of foreclosure.
Nonperforming consumer loans were $5.5 million at September 30, 2008, down $1.0 million, or 15.5%, from $6.5 million at June 30, 2008 and up $1.9 million, or 50.6%, from $3.6 million at December 31, 2007. The increase in nonperforming consumer loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was reflective of the continuing recessionary economic conditions within Michigan. The decrease during the three months ended September 30, 2008 was primarily attributable to charge-offs of nonperforming consumer loans greater than 90 days past due.
Other real estate and repossessed assets is a component of nonperforming assets that primarily includes real property acquired through foreclosure or by acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure, and also personal property held for sale. Other real estate and repossessed assets totaled $15.7 million at September 30, 2008, down $0.2 million, or 1.2%, from $15.9 million at June 30, 2008 and up $4.6 million, or 41.0%, from $11.1 million at December 31, 2007. The increase from December 31, 2007 is the result of the migration of nonperforming loans secured by real estate into other real estate as the foreclosure process was completed, including the expiration of the redemption period. At September 30, 2008, other real estate and repossessed assets was comprised of commercial real estate totaling $6.3 million, or 40%, residential real estate totaling $8.7 million, or 55%, and $0.7 million of repossessed assets, or 5%. A significant portion of other real estate at September 30, 2008 was represented by three properties totaling $4.2 million, or 27% of the balance at that date. The first is a commercial property with a book value of $1.2 million that was sold on a land contract in 2007, although the purchaser's down-payment was not sufficient to account for the transaction as a sale in accordance with generally accepted . . .
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