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| IVAN > SEC Filings for IVAN > Form 10-Q on 11-Aug-2008 | All Recent SEC Filings |
11-Aug-2008
Quarterly Report
OUR DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF OUR OIL AND GAS ACTIVITIES WITH RESPECT TO OIL
AND GAS VOLUMES, RESERVES AND RELATED PERFORMANCE MEASURES IS PRESENTED ON OUR
WORKING INTEREST BASIS AFTER ROYALTIES. ALL TABULAR AMOUNTS ARE EXPRESSED IN
THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AND PRODUCTION DATA INCLUDING
REVENUES AND COSTS PER BOE.
As generally used in the oil and gas business and in this throughout the Form
10-Q, the following terms have the following meanings:
Boe = barrel of oil equivalent
Bbl = barrel
MBbl = thousand barrels
MMBbl = million barrels
Mboe = thousands of barrels of oil equivalent
Bopd = barrels of oil per day
Bbls/d = barrels per day
Boe/d = barrels of oil equivalent per day
Mboe/d = thousands of barrels of oil equivalent per day
MBbls/d = thousand barrels per day
MMBls/d = million barrels per day
MMBtu = million British thermal units
Mcf = thousand cubic feet
MMcf = million cubic feet
Mcf/d = thousand cubic feet per day
MMcf/d = million cubic feet per day
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When we refer to oil in "equivalents", we are doing so to compare quantities of oil with quantities of gas or to express these different commodities in a common unit. In calculating Bbl equivalents, we use a generally recognized industry standard in which one Bbl is
equal to six Mcf. Boes may be misleading, particularly if used in isolation. The
conversion ratio is based on an energy equivalency conversion method primarily
applicable at the burner tip and does not represent a value equivalency at the
wellhead.
Electronic copies of our filings with the SEC and the CSA are available, free of
charge, through our web site (www.ivanhoeenergy.com) or, upon request, by
contacting our investor relations department at (604) 688-8323. Alternatively,
the SEC and the CSA each maintains a website (www.sec.gov and www.sedar.com)
that contains our periodic reports and other public filings with the SEC and the
CSA.
Ivanhoe Energy's Business
Ivanhoe Energy is an independent international heavy oil development and
production company focused on pursuing long-term growth in its reserve base and
production using advanced technologies, including its proprietary, patented
rapid thermal processing process ("RTPTM Process") for heavy oil upgrading
("HTLTM Technology" or "HTLTM"). The recently announced acquisition of two
leases located in the heart of the Athabasca oilsands region in Alberta, Canada
will provide the site for the first commercial application of the Company's HTL™
Technology in a major, integrated heavy oil project (see Implementation Strategy
and the Talisman Lease Acquisition below).
In addition, the Company seeks to expand its reserve base and production through
conventional exploration and production ("E&P") of oil and gas. Finally, the
Company is exploring an opportunity to monetize stranded gas reserves through
the application of the conversion of natural gas-to-liquids using a technology
("GTL Technology" or "GTL") licensed from Syntroleum Corporation. Our core
operations are in Canada, the United States and China, with business development
opportunities worldwide.
Corporate Strategy
Importance of the Heavy Oil Segment of the Oil and Gas Industry
The global oil and gas industry is operating near capacity, driven by sharp
increases in demand from developing economies and the declining availability of
replacement low cost reserves. This has resulted in a significant increase in
the relative price of oil and marked shifts in the demand and supply landscape.
These shifts include demand moving toward China and India, while supply has
shifted towards the need to develop higher cost/lower value resources, including
heavy oil.
Heavy oil developments can be segregated into two types: conventional heavy oil
that flows to the surface without steam enhancement and non-conventional heavy
oil and bitumen. While we focus on the non-conventional heavy oil, both play an
important role in Ivanhoe's corporate strategy.
Production of conventional heavy oil has been steadily increasing worldwide, led
by Canada and Latin America but with significant contributions from most oil
basins, including the Middle East and the Far East, as producers struggle to
replace declines in light oil reserves. Even without the impact of the large
non-conventional heavy oil projects in Canada and Venezuela, world oil
production has been getting heavier. Refineries, on the other hand, have not
been able to keep up with the need for deep conversion capacity, and heavy-light
price differentials have widened significantly.
With regard to non-conventional heavy oil and bitumen, the dramatic increase in
interest and activity has been fueled by higher prices, in addition to various
key advances in technology, including improved remote sensing, horizontal
drilling, and new thermal techniques. This has enabled producers to more
effectively access the extensive, heavy oil resources around the world.
These newer technologies, together with higher oil prices, have generated
increased access to heavy oil resources, although for profitable exploitation,
key challenges remain, with varied weightings, project by project: 1) the
requirement for steam and electricity to help extract heavy oil, 2) the need for
diluent to move the oil once it is at the surface, 3) the wide heavy-light price
differentials that the producer is faced with when the product gets to market,
and 4) conventional upgrading technologies limited to very large scale, high
capital cost facilities. These challenges can lead to "distressed" assets, where
economics are poor, or to "stranded" assets, where the resource cannot be
economically produced and lies fallow.
Ivanhoe's Value Proposition
Ivanhoe's application of the HTLTM Technology seeks to address the four key
heavy oil development challenges outlined above, and can do so at a relatively
small minimum economic scale.
Ivanhoe's HTL™ upgrading is a partial upgrading process that is designed to
operate in facilities as small as 10,000-30,000 barrels per day. This is
substantially smaller than the minimum economic scale for conventional
stand-alone upgraders such as delayed cokers, which typically operate at scales
of well over 100,000 barrels per day. Ivanhoe's HTL™ Technology is based on
carbon rejection, a tried and tested concept in heavy oil processing. The key
advantage of HTL™ is that it is a very fast process - processing times are
typically under a few seconds. This results in smaller, less costly facilities
and eliminates the need for hydrogen addition, an expensive, large minimum scale
step typically required in conventional upgrading. Ivanhoe's HTL™ Technology has
the added advantage of converting the byproducts from the upgrading process into
onsite energy, rather than generating large volumes of low value coke.
The HTL™ process offers significant advantages as a field-located upgrading
alternative, integrated with the upstream heavy oil production operation. HTL™
provides four key benefits to the producer:
1. Virtual elimination of external energy requirements for steam generation
and/or power for upstream operations.
2. Elimination of the need for diluent or blend oils for transport.
3. Capture of the majority of the heavy-light oil value differential.
4. Relatively small minimum economic scale of operations suited for field upgrading and for smaller field developments.
The business opportunities available to Ivanhoe correspond to the challenges
each potential heavy oil project faces. In Canada, Ecuador, California, Iraq and
Oman, all four of the HTLTMadvantages identified above come into play. In
others, including certain identified opportunities in Colombia and Libya, the
heavy oil naturally flows to the surface, but transport is the key problem.
The economics of a project are effectively dictated by the advantages that HTLTM
can bring to a particular opportunity. The more stranded the resource and the
fewer monetization alternatives that the resource owner has, the greater the
opportunity the Company will have to establish the Ivanhoe value proposition.
Implementation Strategy and the Talisman Lease Acquisition
In July, the Company announced the completion of the acquisition of Talisman
Energy Canada's ("Talisman') 100% working interests in two leases (Leases 10 and
6) located in the heart of the Athabasca oilsands region in the Province of
Alberta, Canada. Lease 10 is a 6,880-acre contiguous block located approximately
10 miles (16 km) northeast of Fort McMurray. Lease 6 is a small, undelineated,
680-acre block, 1 mile (1.6km) south of Lease 10.
The acquisition of Lease 10 will provide the site for the first commercial
application of Ivanhoe Energy's proprietary, HTL™ heavy-oil upgrading technology
in a major, integrated heavy-oil project. Lease 10 has a relatively high level
of delineation (four wells per section). It is believed to be a high-quality
reservoir and an excellent candidate for thermal recovery production using the
SAGD (steam-assisted gravity drainage) process. The high quality of the asset is
expected to provide for favorable projected operating costs, including
attractive steam-oil ratios (SOR) using SAGD development techniques.
Ivanhoe's HTL plant on Lease 10 is projected ultimately to be capable of
operating at production rates of at least 30,000 barrels per day for
approximately 25 years. Ivanhoe intends to integrate established SAGD thermal
recovery techniques with its patented HTL upgrading process, producing and
marketing a light, synthetic sour crude.
Ivanhoe has already commenced planning its Lease 10 winter 2008 delineation
program in preparation for the submission of permits for an integrated HTL
project. In general, thermal oilsands projects, including SAGD projects, require
a period of initial development, including delineation, permitting and field
development, which is followed by relatively stable operations for many years
The Company's continuing strategy includes the following:
1. Build a portfolio of major HTLTM projects. We will continue to deploy our
personnel and our financial resources in support of our goal to capture
additional opportunities for development projects utilizing our HTLTM
Technology.
2. Advance the technology. Additional development work will continue as we advance the technology through the first commercial application and beyond.
3. Enhance our financial position in anticipation of major projects. Implementation of large projects requires significant capital outlays. We are refining our financing plans and establishing the relationships required for the development activities that we see ahead.
4. Build internal capabilities. During recent months, the Company has made significant progress in building its execution teams in preparation for the Talisman acquisition. The upstream team consists of a number of Calgary-based, experienced heavy-oil engineers and geologists complemented by a core team of petroleum engineers and geologists located in Ivanhoe's offices in Bakersfield, California, a number of who are expected to move to Calgary. The Houston-based HTL technology team also has been strengthened. The Company expects to continue filling key positions in its execution mode.
5. Build the relationships that we will need for the future. Commercialization of our technologies demands close alignment with partners, suppliers, host governments and financiers.
Talisman retains back-in rights of up to 20% in the acquired leases for a period
of three years. During this period, Talisman also will have the right of first
offer to acquire any participation interests in heavy-oil projects in Alberta
that Ivanhoe wishes to sell, excluding the acquired leases, on mutually
agreeable terms. In addition, Ivanhoe and Talisman have signed an HTL Data
Monitoring Agreement to allow Talisman to effectively monitor the commercial
effectiveness of the Company's HTL technology.
The Company plans to establish a number of geographically focused entities. The
parent company, Ivanhoe Energy Inc., will pursue HTL opportunities in the
Athabasca oilsands of Western Canada and will hold and manage the core HTL
technology. Two new subsidiaries have been established, one for Latin America
and one for the Middle East & North Africa, complementing Sunwing Energy Ltd.,
the Company's existing, wholly-owned company for China. Ivanhoe Energy Inc. owns
100% of each of these subsidiaries, although the percentages are expected to
decline as they develop their respective businesses and raise capital
independently.
This structure will allow the development and financing of multiple HTL projects
around the world, while minimizing dilution of the Company's existing
shareholders. In addition, the alignment with principal energy-producing regions
will facilitate financing from region-specific strategic investors, some of
which already have been identified, and also will enhance flexibility in
accessing global capital markets.
Executive Overview of 2008 Results
The following table sets forth certain selected consolidated data for the
three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Three-Month Periods Ended June 30, Six-Month Periods Ended June 30,
2008 2007 2008 2007
Oil and gas revenue $ 17,979 $ 9,789 $ 33,022 $ 19,385
Net loss $ (21,731 ) $ (6,579 ) $ (30,275 ) $ (13,126 )
Net loss per share $ (0.09 ) $ (0.03 ) $ (0.12 ) $ (0.05 )
Average production (Boe/d) 1,891 1,824 1,899 1,929
Net operating revenue per Boe $ 66.05 $ 33.53 $ 60.80 $ 32.87
Cash flow from operating activities $ 2,626 $ 199 $ 5,643 $ 2,800
Capital investments $ 2,593 $ 8,123 $ 7,916 $ 13,457
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Financial Results - Change in Net Loss
The following provides an analysis of our changes in net losses for the
three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 when compared to the same
periods for 2007:
Three-Month Periods Ended June 30, Six-Month Periods Ended June 30,
Favorable Favorable
(Unfavorable) (Unfavorable)
2008 Variances 2007 2008 Variances 2007
Summary of Net Loss by Significant
Components:
Oil and Gas Revenues: $ 17,979 $ 9,789 $ 33,022 $ 19,385
Production volumes $ 336 $ (207 )
Oil and gas prices 7,854 13,844
Realized gain (loss) on derivative
instruments (4,354 ) (4,324 ) (30 ) (6,302 ) (6,479 ) 177
Operating costs (6,614 ) (2,391 ) (4,223 ) (12,006 ) (4,098 ) (7,908 )
General and administrative, less stock
based compensation (3,533 ) (1,010 ) (2,523 ) (6,291 ) (1,543 ) (4,748 )
Business and technology development,
less stock based compensation (1,672 ) 484 (2,156 ) (3,218 ) 945 (4,163 )
Net interest (259 ) (250 ) (9 ) (605 ) (577 ) (28 )
Unrealized loss on derivative
instruments (16,433 ) (16,147 ) (286 ) (18,431 ) (17,479 ) (952 )
Depletion and depreciation (8,129 ) (2,105 ) (6,024 ) (16,495 ) (3,579 ) (12,916 )
Stock based compensation (793 ) 260 (1,053 ) (1,911 ) (56 ) (1,855 )
Future income tax recovery 2,286 2,286 - 2,286 2,286 -
Other (209 ) (145 ) (64 ) (324 ) (206 ) (118 )
Net Loss $ (21,731 ) $ (15,152 ) $ (6,579 ) $ (30,275 ) $ (17,149 ) $ (13,126 )
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Our net loss for the three-month period ended June 30, 2008 was $21.7 million
($0.09 per share) compared to our net loss for the same period in 2007 of
$6.6 million ($0.03 per share). The increase in our net loss from 2007 to 2008
of $15.2 million was mainly due to a $16.2 million increase in unrealized loss
on derivative instruments, a $2.1 million increase for depletion and
depreciation and an increase in operating costs of $2.4 million. These increases
were partially offset by an increase of $3.9 million in combined oil and gas
revenues and realized loss on derivative instruments, in addition to a future
income tax recovery of $2.3 million, in connection with the Company's ability to
utilize tax deductions associated with future income tax assets in China, a
future income tax recovery of $2.3 million.
Our net loss for the six-month period ended June 30, 2008 was $30.3 million
($0.12 per share) compared to our net loss for the same period in 2007 of
$13.1 million ($0.05 per share). The increase in our net loss from 2007 to 2008
of $19.4 million was mainly due to a $17.5 million increase in unrealized loss
on derivative instruments, a $3.6 million increase for depletion and
depreciation and an increase in operating costs of $4.1 million. These increases
were partially offset by an increase of $7.2 million in combined oil and gas
revenues and realized loss on derivative instruments, in addition to a future
income tax recovery of $2.3 million, in connection with the Company's ability to
utilize tax deductions associated with future income tax assets in China, a
future income tax recovery of $2.3 million.
Significant variances are explained in the sections that follow.
Revenues and Operating Costs
The following is a comparison of changes in production volumes for the
three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 when compared to the same
periods in 2007:
Three-Month Periods Ended June 30, Six-Month Periods Ended June 30,
Net Boe's Percentage Net Boe's Percentage
2008 2007 Change 2008 2007 Change
China:
Dagang 111,662 110,680 1 % 231,490 231,356 0 %
Daqing 4,845 5,257 -8 % 9,988 10,897 -8 %
116,507 115,937 0 % 241,478 242,253 0 %
U.S.:
South Midway 52,020 44,195 18 % 95,697 95,968 0 %
Spraberry 3,215 5,345 -40 % 7,724 10,038 -23 %
Others 352 474 -26 % 767 853 -10 %
55,587 50,014 11 % 104,188 106,859 -2 %
172,094 165,951 4 % 345,666 349,112 -1 %
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Net production volumes for the three-month period ended June 30, 2008 increased
4% when compared to the same period in 2007 mainly due to an increase in
production volumes in our U.S. properties of 11%, resulting in increased
revenues of $0.3 million. Production volumes for the six-month period ended
June 30, 2008 decreased 1% when compared to the same period in 2007 which
resulted in decreased revenues of $0.2 million.
Oil and gas prices increased 77%, and 72%, per Boe for the three-month and
six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 generating $7.9 million, and
$13.8 million, in additional revenue as compared to the same periods in 2007. We
realized an average of $100.82, and 93.74, per Boe from operations in China
during these periods, which were increases of $40.53, and 36.47, per Boe from
2007 prices and accounted for $4.7 million, and $8.8 million, of our increase in
revenues. From the U.S. operations, we realized an average of $112.12, and
$99.69, per Boe during these periods, which were increases of $56.16, and
$48.13, per Boe and accounted for $3.2 million, and $5.0 million, of our
increased revenues. We expect crude oil prices and natural gas prices to remain
volatile throughout 2008.
The increased revenues from oil and gas price increases during the three-month
and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 were offset by settlements from our
costless collar derivative instruments. As benchmark prices rise above the
ceiling price established in the contract the Company is required to settle
monthly (see further details on these contracts below under "Unrealized Loss on
Derivative Instruments"). The Company realized a net loss on these settlements
during these periods of $4.4 million and $6.3 million, $2.2 million, and
$3.4 million, of which were from the U.S. segment, with the balance from the
China segment. This compares to a minimal loss, and a $0.2 million net realized
gain, in the same periods in 2007 for our U.S. contracts.
For the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008, operating costs,
including production taxes and engineering and support costs, increased 51%, and
53%, per Boe compared to the same periods in 2007. Of the total $2.4 million,
. . .
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