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PEP > SEC Filings for PEP > Form 10-Q on 23-Jul-2008All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for PEPSICO INC


23-Jul-2008

Quarterly Report


ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

FINANCIAL REVIEW

Our discussion and analysis is an integral part of understanding our financial results. Also refer to Basis of Presentation and Our Divisions in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Tabular dollars are presented in millions, except per share amounts. All per share amounts reflect common per share amounts, assume dilution unless otherwise noted, and are based on unrounded amounts. Percentage changes are based on unrounded amounts.

Our Critical Accounting Policies

Sales Incentives and Advertising and Marketing Costs

We offer sales incentives and discounts through various programs to customers and consumers. These incentives are accounted for as a reduction of revenue. Certain sales incentives are recognized at the time of sale while other incentives, such as bottler funding and customer volume rebates, are recognized during the year incurred, generally in proportion to revenue, based on annual targets. Anticipated payments are estimated based on historical experience with similar programs and require management judgment with respect to estimating customer participation and performance levels. Differences between estimated expense and actual incentive costs are normally insignificant and are recognized in earnings in the period such differences are determined. In addition, certain advertising and marketing costs are also recognized during the year incurred, generally in proportion to revenue.

Income Taxes

In determining our quarterly provision for income taxes, we use an estimated annual effective tax rate which is based on our expected annual income, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to us in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Subsequent recognition, derecognition and measurement of a tax position taken in a previous period are separately recognized in the quarter in which they occur.


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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159 which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. We adopted SFAS 159 as of the beginning of our 2008 fiscal year and our adoption did not impact our financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 141R and SFAS 160 to improve, simplify, and converge internationally the accounting for business combinations and the reporting of noncontrolling interests in consolidated financial statements. The provisions of SFAS 141R and SFAS 160 are effective as of the beginning of our 2009 fiscal year. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 141R and SFAS 160 on our financial statements.

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS 161 which amends and expands the disclosure requirements of SFAS 133 to provide an enhanced understanding of an entity's use of derivative instruments, how they are accounted for under SFAS 133 and their effect on the entity's financial position, financial performance and cash flows. The provisions of SFAS 161 are effective as of the beginning of our 2009 fiscal year. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 161 on our financial statements.

Our Business Risks

We discuss expectations regarding our future performance, such as our business outlook, in our annual and quarterly reports, press releases, and other written and oral statements. These "forward-looking statements" are based on currently available information, operating plans and projections about future events and trends. They are inherently uncertain, and investors must recognize that events could turn out to be significantly different from our expectations. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Our operations outside of the United States generate approximately 45% of our net revenue. As a result, we are exposed to foreign currency risks, including unforeseen economic changes and political unrest. During the 12 weeks, net favorable foreign currency contributed 4 percentage points to net revenue growth, primarily due to the appreciation in the euro, Brazilian real and Canadian dollar. During the 24 weeks, net favorable foreign currency contributed 3.5 percentage points to net revenue growth, primarily due to appreciation in the euro, Canadian dollar and Brazilian real. Currency declines which are not offset could adversely impact our future results.

In the second quarter, we entered into additional derivative contracts to further reduce our exposure to price fluctuations in our raw material and energy costs during the balance of 2008 and the first half of 2009. Derivatives used to hedge commodity price risks that do not qualify for hedge accounting are marked to market each period and related gains and losses are reflected in our income statement.

Our open commodity derivative contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting had a face value of $487 million at June 14, 2008 and $284 million at June 16, 2007. In addition, in the second quarter of 2008, we entered into other instruments, such as options, to manage our future commodity costs. The open derivative contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting resulted in net gains of $55 million and $53 million in the 12 and 24 weeks ended June 14, 2008, respectively. The open derivative contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting resulted in net gains of $13 million and $12 million in the 12 and 24 weeks ended June 16, 2007, respectively.


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We expect to be able to continue to reduce the impact of increases in our raw material and energy costs through our hedging strategies and ongoing productivity initiatives. See Fair Value in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the fair value of our commodity contracts as of June 14, 2008.

Cautionary statements included in Item 1A. in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2007 and in our revised Management's Discussion and Analysis included in Exhibit 99.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on April 7, 2008 should be considered when evaluating our trends and future results.

Results of Operations - Consolidated Review

In the discussions of net revenue and operating profit below, "effective net pricing" reflects the year-over-year impact of discrete pricing actions, sales incentive activities and mix resulting from selling varying products in different package sizes and in different countries. Additionally, "acquisitions" reflect all mergers and acquisitions activity, including the impact of acquisitions, divestitures and changes in ownership in consolidated subsidiaries and non-consolidated equity investees.

Volume

Since our divisions each use different measures of physical unit volume, a common servings metric is necessary to reflect our consolidated physical unit volume. For the 12 weeks, total servings increased 5%, with worldwide beverages growing 5% and worldwide snacks growing 4%. For the 24 weeks, total servings increased 4.5%, with both worldwide beverages and snacks growing over 4%.

We discuss volume for our beverage businesses on a bottler case sales (BCS) basis in which all beverage volume is converted to an 8-ounce-case metric. A portion of our volume is sold by our bottlers, and that portion is based on our bottlers' sales to retailers and independent distributors. The remainder of our volume is based on our shipments to retailers and independent distributors. BCS is reported to us by our bottlers on a monthly basis. Our second quarter beverage volume includes bottler sales in North America for April and May and bottler sales outside of North America for March, April and May. Concentrate shipments and equivalents (CSE) represent our physical beverage volume shipments to bottlers, retailers and independent distributors, and is the measure upon which our revenue is based.


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Consolidated Results

Total Net Revenue and Operating Profit



                                             12 Weeks Ended                           24 Weeks Ended
                                   6/14/08       6/16/07       Change       6/14/08       6/16/07       Change
Total net revenue                  $ 10,945      $  9,607          14 %     $ 19,278      $ 16,957          14 %

Operating profit
FLNA                               $    735      $    682           8 %     $  1,368      $  1,292           6 %
QFNA                                    122           117           4 %          288           273         5.5 %
LAF                                     254           183          38 %          421           316          33 %
PAB                                     681           729          (7 )%       1,185         1,202          (1 )%
UKEU                                    262           220          19 %          364           306          19 %
MEAA                                    233           201          16 %          372           306          22 %
Corporate unallocated                  (102 )        (173 )       (42 )%        (260 )        (317 )       (18 )%


Total operating profit             $  2,185      $  1,959          12 %     $  3,738      $  3,378          11 %


Total operating profit margin          20.0 %        20.4 %      (0.4 )         19.4 %        19.9 %      (0.5 )

See Results of Operations - Division Review for a tabular presentation and discussion of key drivers of net revenue.

12 Weeks

Total operating profit increased 12% and margin decreased 0.4 percentage points. The operating profit performance primarily reflects leverage from the revenue growth, offset by the impact of higher commodity costs. The impact of foreign currency contributed 3 percentage points to operating profit growth and the impact of acquisitions contributed 1 percentage point.

Corporate unallocated expenses decreased 42%, primarily driven by increased net gains of $48 million from the mark-to-market impact of our commodity hedges. Higher costs associated with our ongoing business transformation initiative of $17 million and increased research and development costs of $13 million were more than offset by the favorable impact of certain employee-related items.

24 Weeks

Total operating profit increased 11% and margin decreased 0.5 percentage points. The operating profit performance primarily reflects leverage from the revenue growth, offset by the impact of higher commodity costs. The impact of foreign currency contributed almost 3 percentage points to operating profit growth and the impact of acquisitions contributed 1 percentage point.

Corporate unallocated expenses decreased 18%, primarily reflecting lower deferred compensation costs of $28 million and increased gains of $27 million from the mark-to-market impact of our


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commodity hedges. The decrease in deferred compensation costs is offset (as a reduction to interest income) by losses on investments used to economically hedge these costs. Higher costs associated with our ongoing business transformation initiative of $34 million and increased research and development costs of $23 million were offset by the favorable impact of certain other employee-related items.

Other Consolidated Results



                                              12 Weeks Ended                             24 Weeks Ended
                                   6/14/08       6/16/07        Change        6/14/08       6/16/07        Change
Bottling equity income             $    168      $    173            (3 )%    $    238      $    247            (4 )%
Interest expense, net              $    (36 )    $    (15 )    $    (21 )     $    (93 )    $    (35 )    $    (58 )
Tax rate                               26.7 %        26.5 %                       26.7 %        26.1 %
Net income                         $  1,699      $  1,557             9 %     $  2,847      $  2,653             7 %
Net income per common share -
diluted                            $   1.05      $   0.94            13 %     $   1.76      $   1.59            10 %

12 Weeks

Bottling equity income decreased 3%, primarily reflecting our reduced ownership levels in PBG and PAS in 2008.

Net interest expense increased $21 million, primarily reflecting higher average debt balances, partially offset by the impact of lower average rates on our debt and higher investment balances.

The tax rate increased 0.2 percentage points compared to the prior year, primarily due to the timing of certain items related to audit settlements and tax planning initiatives.

Net income increased 9% and the related net income per share increased 13%. These increases primarily reflect our solid operating profit growth, slightly offset by the increase in net interest expense. Net income per share was also favorably impacted by our share repurchases.

24 Weeks

Bottling equity income decreased 4%, reflecting our reduced ownership levels in PBG and PAS in 2008 and lower pre-tax gains on our sales of PBG and PAS stock in the current year.

Net interest expense increased $58 million, primarily reflecting higher average debt balances and losses in the market value of investments used to economically hedge a portion of our deferred compensation costs (compared to gains in the prior year). This increase was partially offset by the impact of lower average rates on our debt and higher investment balances.


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The tax rate increased 0.6 percentage points compared to the prior year, primarily due to the timing of certain items related to audit settlements and tax planning initiatives.

Net income increased 7% and the related net income per share increased 10%. These increases primarily reflect our solid operating profit growth, slightly offset by the increase in net interest expense. Net income per share was also favorably impacted by our share repurchases.

Results of Operations - Division Review

The results and discussions below are based on how our Chief Executive Officer monitors the performance of our divisions. For additional information on our divisions, see Our Divisions in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Net Revenue
12 weeks ended                      FLNA       QFNA        LAF          PAB         UKEU        MEAA        Total
June 14, 2008                      $ 2,950     $ 406     $ 1,523      $ 2,880      $ 1,727     $ 1,459     $ 10,945
June 16, 2007                      $ 2,723     $ 390     $ 1,079      $ 2,855      $ 1,396     $ 1,164     $  9,607
% Impact of:
Volume(a)                                1 %       2 %        (1 )%        (4 )%         4 %        15 %          1 %
Effective net pricing(b)                 6         1          11            4            5           5          5.5
Foreign exchange                         1         1           8            1           11           6            4
Acquisitions                             -         -          23            -            4           -            3

% Change(c)                              8 %       4 %        41 %          1 %         24 %        25 %         14 %

Net Revenue
24 Weeks Ended                       FLNA        QFNA         LAF          PAB          UKEU         MEAA         Total
June 14, 2008                       $ 5,680      $ 901      $ 2,494      $ 5,240       $ 2,638      $ 2,325      $ 19,278
June 16, 2007                       $ 5,276      $ 853      $ 1,789      $ 5,075       $ 2,136      $ 1,828      $ 16,957
% Impact of:
Volume(a)                               1.5 %        1 %          1 %         (3 )%        4.5 %         15 %           2 %
Effective net pricing(b)                  5          3            9            5             4          3.5             5
Foreign exchange                          1          1            7            1            10            7           3.5
Acquisitions                              -          -           22            -           4.5          2.5             3

% Change(c)                               8 %        6 %         39 %          3 %          24 %         27 %          14 %

(a) Excludes the impact of acquisitions and divestitures. In certain instances, volume growth varies from the amounts disclosed in the following divisional discussions due to non-consolidated joint venture volume, and, for our beverage businesses, temporary timing differences between BCS and CSE. Our net revenue excludes non-consolidated joint venture volume, and, for our beverage businesses, is based on CSE.

(b) Includes the year-over-year impact of discrete pricing actions, sales incentive activities and mix resulting from selling varying products in different package sizes and in different countries.

(c) Amounts may not sum due to rounding.


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Frito-Lay North America



                              12 Weeks Ended        %        24 Weeks Ended        %
                            6/14/08    6/16/07    Change   6/14/08    6/16/07    Change
         Net revenue        $  2,950   $  2,723        8   $  5,680   $  5,276        8
         Operating profit   $    735   $    682        8   $  1,368   $  1,292        6

12 Weeks

Net revenue grew 8% and pound volume grew 2%. The volume growth reflects double-digit growth in trademark Cheetos, Ruffles and Chewy Granola. These volume gains were partially offset by a high-single-digit decline in trademark Lay's and a mid-single-digit decline in trademark Doritos; both declines reflecting pricing actions. Net revenue growth also benefited from positive effective net pricing, primarily due to salty snack pricing actions. Favorable Canadian exchange rates contributed 1 percentage point to net revenue growth.

Operating profit grew 8%, primarily reflecting the net revenue growth, as well as a favorable casualty insurance actuarial adjustment reflecting improved safety performance. This growth was offset by higher commodity costs, primarily cooking oil and fuel. Favorable Canadian exchange rates contributed 1 percentage point to operating profit growth.

Smart Spot eligible products represented approximately 16% of net revenue. These products grew in the mid-single-digit range, while the balance of the portfolio experienced high-single-digit revenue growth.

24 Weeks

Net revenue grew 8% and pound volume grew 2%. The volume growth reflects high-single-digit growth in trademark Cheetos and Ruffles as well as mid-single-digit growth in dips. These volume gains were partially offset by a low-single-digit decline in trademark Doritos and Lay's. Net revenue growth also benefited from positive effective net pricing, primarily due to salty snack pricing actions. Favorable Canadian exchange rates contributed 1 percentage point to net revenue growth.

Operating profit grew 6%, reflecting the net revenue growth, as well as the favorable casualty insurance actuarial adjustment. This growth was offset by higher commodity costs, primarily cooking oil and fuel. Favorable Canadian exchange rates contributed 1 percentage point to operating profit growth.

Smart Spot eligible products represented approximately 16% of net revenue. These products grew in the low-single-digit range, while the balance of the portfolio experienced high-single-digit revenue growth.


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Quaker Foods North America



                             12 Weeks Ended         %         24 Weeks Ended         %
                          6/14/08      6/16/07    Change   6/14/08      6/16/07    Change
       Net revenue        $    406    $     390        4   $    901    $     853        6
       Operating profit   $    122    $     117        4   $    288    $     273      5.5

12 Weeks

Net revenue increased 4% and volume increased 2%. The volume increase reflects low-single-digit growth in Quaker Oatmeal, double-digit growth in grits and mid-single-digit growth in Rice-A-Roni. These increases were partially offset by a low-single-digit decline in ready-to-eat cereals. Net revenue growth also benefited from favorable effective net pricing, due primarily to price increases taken last year and in the current quarter. Favorable Canadian exchange rates contributed 1 percentage point to net revenue growth.

Operating profit increased 4%, primarily reflecting the net revenue growth. Increased commodity costs were partially offset by lower advertising and marketing costs. Less-favorable settlements of trade spending accruals in the current year and costs incurred to cover the insurance deductible in connection with the Cedar Rapids flood that occurred at the end of the quarter, collectively, reduced operating profit by 8 percentage points. Our insurance covers both asset damage and business disruption, and we expect reimbursement in the second half of 2008 or early 2009.

Smart Spot eligible products represented approximately half of the net revenue and were flat to last year. The balance of the portfolio grew in the high-single-digit range.

24 Weeks

Net revenue increased 6% and volume grew 1%. The volume increase primarily reflects low-single-digit growth in Quaker Oatmeal and ready-to-eat cereals, partially offset by a mid-single-digit decline in Rice-A-Roni. Net revenue growth also benefited from favorable effective net pricing due primarily to price increases taken last year and in the current quarter, as well as positive
mix. Favorable Canadian exchange rates contributed 1 percentage point to net revenue growth.

Operating profit increased 5.5%, primarily reflecting the net revenue growth. Increased commodity costs were partially offset by lower advertising and marketing costs. Operating profit was also negatively impacted by costs incurred to cover the insurance deductible in connection with the Cedar Rapids flood.

Smart Spot eligible products represented approximately half of net revenue and experienced low-single-digit net revenue growth. The balance of the portfolio grew in the double-digit range.


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Latin America Foods



                              12 Weeks Ended        %        24 Weeks Ended        %
                            6/14/08    6/16/07    Change   6/14/08    6/16/07    Change
         Net revenue        $  1,523   $  1,079       41   $  2,494   $  1,789       39
         Operating profit   $    254   $    183       38   $    421   $    316       33

12 Weeks

Snacks volume grew 4%, largely reflecting an acquisition in Brazil in the fourth quarter of 2007. A low-single-digit decline at Sabritas in Mexico, largely resulting from weight-outs, was offset by double-digit growth in Argentina and in several smaller markets. Additionally, Gamesa in Mexico was flat. The acquisition in Brazil contributed nearly 4 percentage points to the volume growth.

Net revenue grew 41%, reflecting favorable effective net pricing. Gamesa in Mexico experienced double-digit revenue growth due to favorable pricing actions. Acquisitions contributed 23 percentage points and foreign currency contributed 8 percentage points to the net revenue growth.

Operating profit grew 38%, driven by the net revenue growth, partially offset by increased commodity costs. Acquisitions contributed 10 percentage points and foreign currency contributed 7 percentage points to the operating profit growth.

24 Weeks

Snacks volume grew 5.5%, largely reflecting the acquisition in Brazil. A low-single-digit decline at Sabritas in Mexico, resulting from pricing actions, was offset by double-digit growth in several smaller markets. Additionally, Gamesa in Mexico grew at a low-single-digit rate. The acquisition in Brazil contributed nearly 4 percentage points to the volume growth.

Net revenue grew 39%, reflecting favorable effective net pricing and the volume growth. Acquisitions contributed 22 percentage points and foreign currency contributed 7 percentage points to the net revenue growth.

Operating profit grew 33%, driven by the net revenue growth, partially offset by increased commodity costs. Acquisitions contributed 8 percentage points and foreign currency contributed 6 percentage points to the operating profit growth.


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PepsiCo Americas Beverages



                             12 Weeks Ended        %          24 Weeks Ended        %
                           6/14/08    6/16/07    Change     6/14/08    6/16/07    Change
        Net revenue        $  2,880   $  2,855        1     $  5,240   $  5,075        3
        Operating profit   $    681   $    729       (7 )   $  1,185   $  1,202       (1 )

12 Weeks

BCS volume declined 1%, driven by a 3% decline in North America, partially offset by a 5% increase in Latin America.

In North America, the BCS volume decline was driven by a 4% decline in non-carbonated beverages and a 2% decline in CSDs. The decline in the non-carbonated portfolio reflects a double-digit decline in our base Aquafina water business and a mid-single-digit decline in our juice and juice drinks portfolio, partially offset by triple-digit growth in Amp Energy and double-digit growth in SoBe Life Water. Gatorade sports drinks increased slightly. The decline in the CSD portfolio reflects a mid-single-digit decline in trademark Pepsi, partially offset by low-single-digit increases in trademark Mountain Dew and Sierra Mist.

In Latin America, volume growth was broad-based and reflected a mid-single-digit increase in CSDs and a double-digit increase in non-carbonated beverages.

Net revenue grew 1%, reflecting effective net pricing, offset by the volume declines in North America. The effective net pricing reflects positive mix and price increases taken on CSD concentrate this year. Favorable foreign currency contributed 1 percentage point to the net revenue growth.

Operating profit declined 7%, reflecting higher selling and delivery costs, primarily higher fuel and supply chain costs, as well as increased general and administrative costs, primarily information technology initiatives and projects. Favorable foreign currency reduced the operating profit decline by 1 percentage point.

Smart Spot eligible products in the U.S. and Canada represented over 70% of net revenue in North America. These products experienced a low-single-digit net . . .

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