MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
INTRODUCTION
Management's discussion and analysis of results of operations and financial
condition ("MD&A") is provided as a supplement to the accompanying consolidated
financial statements and notes to help provide an understanding of Time Warner
Inc.'s ("Time Warner" or the "Company") financial condition, changes in
financial condition and results of operations. MD&A is organized as follows:
• Overview. This section provides a general description of Time Warner's
business segments, as well as recent developments the Company believes are
important in understanding the results of operations and financial condition
or in understanding anticipated future trends.
• Results of operations. This section provides an analysis of the Company's
results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006. This
analysis is presented on both a consolidated and a business segment basis.
In addition, a brief description is provided of significant transactions and
events that impact the comparability of the results being analyzed.
• Financial condition and liquidity. This section provides an analysis of the
Company's financial condition as of March 31, 2006 and cash flows for the
three months ended March 31, 2006.
• Caution concerning forward-looking statements. This section provides a
description of the use of forward-looking information appearing in this
report, including in MD&A and the consolidated financial statements. Such
information is based on management's current expectations about future
events, which are inherently susceptible to uncertainty and changes in
circumstances. Refer to the Company's 2005 Form 10-K for a discussion of the
risk factors for the Company and to Item 1A of this report for an update to
such risk factors.
Use of Operating Income before Depreciation and Amortization
The Company utilizes Operating Income before Depreciation and Amortization,
among other measures, to evaluate the performance of its businesses. Operating
Income before Depreciation and Amortization is considered an important indicator
of the operational strength of the Company's businesses. Operating Income before
Depreciation and Amortization eliminates the uneven effect across all business
segments of considerable amounts of noncash depreciation of tangible assets and
amortization of certain intangible assets that were recognized in business
combinations. A limitation of this measure, however, is that it does not reflect
the periodic costs of certain capitalized tangible and intangible assets used in
generating revenues in the Company's businesses. Management evaluates the
investments in such tangible and intangible assets through other financial
measures, such as capital expenditure budgets, investment spending levels and
return on capital.
Operating Income before Depreciation and Amortization should be considered in
addition to, not as a substitute for, the Company's Operating Income and Net
Income, as well as other measures of financial performance reported in
accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). A
reconciliation of Operating Income before Depreciation and Amortization to both
Operating Income and Net Income is presented under "Results of Operations."
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TIME WARNER INC.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION - (Continued)
OVERVIEW
Time Warner is a leading media and entertainment company, whose major
businesses encompass an array of the most respected and successful media brands.
Among the Company's brands are HBO, CNN, AOL, People, Sports Illustrated, Time
and Time Warner Cable. The Company produces and distributes films, including the
Harry Potter series, The Lord of the Rings trilogy and Wedding Crashers, as well
as television programs, including ER, Two and a Half Men, Cold Case and Without
a Trace. During the three months ended March 31, 2006, the Company generated
revenues of $10.455 billion (up 1% from $10.363 billion in 2005), Operating
Income before Depreciation and Amortization of $2.688 billion (up 8% from
$2.480 billion in 2005), Operating Income of $1.866 billion (up 11% from $1.682
billion in 2005), Net Income of $1.455 billion (up 59% from $915 million in
2005) and Cash Provided by Operations of $2.330 billion (up 27% from
$1.832 billion in 2005).
Time Warner Businesses
Time Warner classifies its operations into five reportable segments: AOL,
Cable, Filmed Entertainment, Networks and Publishing.
AOL. On April 3, 2006, in connection with an investment by Google Inc.
("Google") as more fully described below, America Online, Inc. converted to a
Delaware limited liability company and changed its name to AOL LLC (together
with its subsidiaries, "AOL"). AOL operates a leading network of web brands and
the largest Internet access subscription service in the United States, with 24.5
million total AOL brand subscribers in the U.S. and Europe at March 31, 2006.
AOL reported total revenues of $1.981 billion (19% of the Company's overall
revenues), $444 million in Operating Income before Depreciation and Amortization
and $269 million in Operating Income for the three months ended March 31, 2006.
AOL generates its revenues primarily from subscription fees charged to
subscribers and from providing advertising services. AOL is organized into four
business units: Access, Audience, Digital Services and International.
The Access business unit offers Internet access and on-line subscription
services, primarily dial-up telephone Internet access and the AOL service. The
AOL service, offered under a variety of different terms and price plans,
generates the substantial majority of AOL's revenues. Over the past several
years, the Access business unit has experienced significant declines in U.S.
subscribers to the AOL service and in related Subscription revenues, and these
declines are expected to continue. These decreases are due primarily to the
continued industry-wide maturing of the premium dial-up services business, as
consumers migrate to high-speed services and lower-cost dial-up services. AOL
continues to develop, change, test and implement marketing and new product
strategies to attract and retain subscribers. AOL has recently entered into a
number of agreements with high-speed access providers to offer the AOL service
along with high-speed Internet access.
AOL's Audience business unit generates Advertising revenues from the sale of
advertising on a fixed impression or fixed placement basis, as well as from the
sale of paid-search and other pay-for-performance advertising on AOL's and
Advertising.com, Inc.'s ("Advertising.com") networks of Internet properties,
which include owned and third-party properties, as well as certain Internet
properties owned by other divisions of the Company. Currently, a significant
majority of Advertising revenues are generated from traffic by subscribers to
the AOL subscription service. The strategy of the Audience business unit focuses
on generating Advertising revenue by increasing the reach of its audience and
depth of its usage across its web properties, including properties such as
AOL.com, AIM, MapQuest and Moviefone. A key component of this strategy was the
third-quarter 2005 re-launch of the publicly available version of the AOL.com
web portal that includes a substantial portion of AOL's content, features and
tools that were historically available only to AOL subscribers. AOL seeks to
generate Advertising revenue from increased traffic to AOL's network of Internet
services and websites through sales of branded advertising and performance-based
advertising, including paid-search, as well as from increased utilization and
optimization of AOL's advertising inventory.
AOL's Digital Services business unit works to develop next-generation digital
services, including a variety of wireless, voice and other premium services and
applications that appeal to AOL members and Internet users.
AOL's International business unit, which primarily includes AOL Europe, has
an Internet access business, sells advertising and develops and offers premium
digital services. AOL Europe has focused on increasing revenues from advertising
and digital services. AOL Europe has experienced declines in subscribers as
consumers have shifted from traditional dial-up plans to
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TIME WARNER INC.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION - (Continued)
highly competitive broadband plans offered by AOL and others, which have lower
margins, and this trend is expected to continue.
Cable. Time Warner's cable business, Time Warner Cable Inc. and its
subsidiaries ("TWC"), is the second-largest cable operator in the U.S. (in terms
of basic cable subscribers). At March 31, 2006, TWC managed approximately
11.039 million basic cable subscribers (including approximately 1.577 million
subscribers of unconsolidated investees), in highly clustered and
technologically upgraded systems in 27 states. TWC delivered revenues of
$2.580 billion (25% of the Company's overall revenues), $932 million of
Operating Income before Depreciation and Amortization and $501 million in
Operating Income for the three months ended March 31, 2006. As part of the
strategy to expand TWC's cable footprint and improve the clustering of its cable
systems, TWC, through a subsidiary, entered into agreements on April 20, 2005 to
acquire, in conjunction with Comcast Corporation ("Comcast"), substantially all
of the assets of Adelphia Communications Corporation ("Adelphia"). Refer to
"Recent Developments" for further details.
TWC principally offers three products - video, high-speed data and voice.
Video is TWC's largest product in terms of revenues generated; however, the
potential growth of its customer base within TWC's existing footprint for video
cable service is limited, as the customer base has matured and industry-wide
competition has increased. Nevertheless, TWC is continuing to increase its video
revenues through rate increases, subscriber growth and its offerings of advanced
digital video services such as Digital Video, Video-on-Demand (VOD),
Subscription-Video-on-Demand (SVOD) and Digital Video Recorders (DVRs), which
are available throughout TWC's footprint. TWC's digital video subscribers
provide a broad base of potential customers for these advanced services. Video
programming costs represent a major component of TWC's expenses and are expected
to continue to increase, reflecting an expansion of service offerings and
contractual rate increases.
High-speed data service has been one of TWC's fastest-growing products over
the past several years and is a key driver of its results. TWC expects continued
strong growth in residential high-speed data subscribers and revenues for the
foreseeable future; however, the rate of growth of both subscribers and revenue
could be impacted by intensified competition with other service providers.
TWC's voice product, Digital Phone, was available to over 88% of TWC's homes
passed, and approximately 1.4 million subscribers (including 176,000 subscribers
of unconsolidated investees) received the service as of March 31, 2006. For a
monthly fixed fee, Digital Phone customers typically receive unlimited local,
in-state and U.S., Canada and Puerto Rico long-distance calling, as well as call
waiting, caller ID and enhanced "911" services. In the future, TWC intends to
offer additional plans with a variety of local and long-distance options.
Digital Phone enables TWC to offer its customers a convenient package of video,
high-speed data and voice services and to compete effectively against similar
bundled products available from its competitors. TWC expects strong growth in
Digital Phone subscribers and revenues for the foreseeable future.
In addition to the subscription services, TWC also earns revenue by selling
advertising time to national, regional and local businesses.
Filmed Entertainment. Time Warner's Filmed Entertainment businesses, Warner
Bros. Entertainment Inc. ("Warner Bros.") and New Line Cinema Corporation ("New
Line"), generated revenues of $2.779 billion (25% of the Company's overall
revenues), $457 million in Operating Income before Depreciation and Amortization
and $368 million in Operating Income for the three months ended March 31, 2006.
One of the world's leading studios, Warner Bros. has diversified sources of
revenues with its film and television businesses, combined with an extensive
film library and global distribution infrastructure. This diversification has
helped Warner Bros. deliver consistent long-term growth and performance. New
Line is the world's oldest independent film company. Its primary source of
revenues is the creation and distribution of theatrical motion pictures.
Warner Bros. continues to develop its industry-leading television business,
including the successful releases of television series into the home video
market. For the 2005-2006 television season, Warner Bros. has more current
prime-time productions on the air than any other studio, with prime-time series
on all six broadcast networks (including Two and a Half Men, ER, Without a
Trace, The O.C., Cold Case and Smallville).
The sale of DVDs has been one of the largest drivers of the segment's profit
growth over the last few years and Warner Bros.' extensive library of theatrical
and television titles positions it to continue to benefit from DVD sales;
however, the Company has begun to see slower growth in DVD sales due to several
factors, including increasing competition for consumer discretionary spending,
piracy, the maturation of the DVD format and the fragmentation of consumer time.
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TIME WARNER INC.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION - (Continued)
Piracy, including physical piracy as well as illegal online file-sharing,
continues to be a significant issue for the filmed entertainment industry. Due
to technological advances, piracy has expanded from music to movies and
television programming. The Company has taken a variety of actions to combat
piracy over the last several years, including a pilot program to release
low-cost DVDs and VCDs in China and to coordinate worldwide release dates for
franchise films, and will continue to do so, both individually and together with
cross-industry groups, trade associations and strategic partners.
Networks. Time Warner's Networks group comprises Turner Broadcasting System,
Inc. ("Turner"), Home Box Office, Inc. ("HBO") and The WB Television Network
("The WB Network"). The Networks segment delivered revenues of $2.351 billion
(21% of the Company's overall revenues), $857 million in Operating Income before
Depreciation and Amortization and $788 million in Operating Income for the three
months ended March 31, 2006.
The Turner networks - including such recognized brands as TBS, TNT, CNN,
Cartoon Network and CNN Headline News - are among the leaders in
advertising-supported cable TV networks. For over four consecutive years, more
prime-time viewers watched advertising-supported cable TV networks than the
national broadcast networks. For the first quarter of 2006, TNT ranked second
among advertising-supported cable networks in prime-time delivery of its key
demographics, adults 18-49 and adults 25-54, and first in total day delivery of
adults 25-54. TBS ranked second among advertising-supported cable networks in
prime-time delivery of its key demographic, adults 18-34.
The Turner networks generate revenues principally from the sale of
advertising time and monthly subscriber fees paid by cable systems,
direct-to-home ("DTH") satellite operators and other affiliates. Key
contributors to Turner's success are its continued investments in high-quality
programming focused on sports, network premieres, licensed and original series,
news and animation, leading to strong ratings and Advertising and Subscription
revenue growth, as well as strong brands and operating efficiency.
HBO operates the HBO and Cinemax multichannel pay television programming
services, with the HBO service ranking as the nation's most widely distributed
pay television network. HBO generates revenues principally from monthly
subscriber fees from cable system operators, satellite companies and other
affiliates. An additional source of revenue is the ancillary sales of its
original programming, including such programs as The Sopranos, Sex and the City,
Six Feet Under, Band of Brothers and Deadwood.
The WB Network is a broadcast television network whose target audience
consists primarily of young adults in the 12-34 demographic. The WB Network
generates revenues almost exclusively from the sale of advertising time. As
discussed in more detail in "Recent Developments," on January 24, 2006, Warner
Bros. and CBS Corp. ("CBS") announced an agreement to form a new
fully-distributed national broadcast network, to be called The CW. At the same
time, Warner Bros. and CBS are preparing to cease the standalone operations of
The WB Network and UPN, respectively, at the end of the 2005/2006 television
season (September 2006).
Publishing. Time Warner's Publishing segment consists principally of magazine
publishing and a number of direct-marketing and direct-selling businesses. The
segment generated revenues of $1.126 billion (10% of the Company's overall
revenues), $116 million in Operating Income before Depreciation and Amortization
and $71 million in Operating Income for the three months ended March 31, 2006.
Time Inc. publishes over 145 magazines globally, including People, Sports
Illustrated, Southern Living, In Style, Real Simple, Entertainment Weekly, Time,
Fortune, Cooking Light and What's on TV. It generates revenues primarily from
advertising, magazine subscriptions and newsstand sales, and its growth is
derived from higher circulation and advertising on existing magazines, new
magazine launches and acquisitions. Time Inc. owns IPC Media (the U.K.'s largest
magazine company, "IPC") and the magazine subscription marketer Synapse Group,
Inc. In addition, Time Inc. continues to invest in developing digital content,
including the launch of Officepirates.com, the redesign of CNNmoney.com and the
acquisition of Golf.com. Time Inc.'s direct-selling division, Southern Living At
Home, sells home decor products through independent consultants at parties
hosted in people's homes throughout the U.S.
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TIME WARNER INC.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION - (Continued)
Recent Developments
AOL-Google Alliance
During December 2005, the Company announced that AOL is expanding its current
strategic alliance with Google to enhance its global online advertising
partnership and make more of AOL's content available to Google users. In
addition, Google agreed to invest $1 billion to acquire a 5% equity interest in
a limited liability company that owns all of the outstanding equity interests in
AOL. On March 24, 2006, the Company and Google signed definitive agreements
governing the investment and the commercial arrangements. Under the alliance,
Google will continue to provide search technology to AOL's network of Internet
properties worldwide and provide AOL with an improved share in revenues
generated through search conducted on the AOL network. Other key aspects of the
alliance include:
• Creating an AOL Marketplace through white labeling of Google's advertising
technology, which enables AOL to sell search advertising directly to
advertisers on AOL-owned properties;
• Providing AOL $300 million of marketing credits for promotion of AOL's
content on Google-owned Internet properties as well as $100 million of
AOL/Google co-sponsored promotion of AOL properties;
• Collaborating in video search and promoting the AOL Video destination within
Google Video; and
• Enabling Google Talk and AIM instant messaging users to communicate with
each other, provided certain conditions are met.
AOL and Google also agreed to collaborate in the future to expand on the
alliance, including the possible sale by AOL of display advertising on the
Google network.
On April 13, 2006, the Company completed its issuance of a 5% equity interest
in AOL to Google for $1 billion in cash. In accordance with Staff Accounting
Bulletin No. 51, Accounting for the Sales of Stock of a Subsidiary, Time Warner
will recognize a gain of approximately $800 million, which will be reflected in
shareholders' equity, as an adjustment to paid-in capital in the second quarter
of 2006.
The WB Network
On January 24, 2006, Warner Bros. and CBS announced an agreement to form a
new fully-distributed national broadcast network, to be called The CW. At the
same time, Warner Bros. and CBS are preparing to cease the standalone operations
of The WB Network and UPN, respectively, at the end of the 2005/2006 television
season (September 2006). Warner Bros. and CBS will each own 50% of the new
network and will have joint and equal control. In addition, Warner Bros. has
reached an agreement with Tribune Corp. ("Tribune"), currently a subordinated
22.25% limited partner in The WB Network, under which Tribune will surrender its
ownership interest in The WB Network and will be relieved of funding
obligations. In addition, Tribune will become one of the principal affiliate
groups for the new network.
Upon the closing of this transaction, the Company will account for its
investment in The CW under the equity method of accounting. The Company
anticipates that prior to the closing of this transaction it will incur
restructuring charges ranging from $25 million to $30 million related to
employee terminations and contractual settlements. In addition, The WB Network
may incur up to $100 million in terminating certain programming arrangements
(primarily licensed movie rights), most of which are not expected to be
contributed to the new network and may not be sold or utilized in another
manner. Included in these costs are approximately $70 million associated with
intercompany programming arrangements with Warner Bros. and New Line. Any costs
incurred by The WB Network on such intercompany programming would be largely
offset by amounts recognized by Warner Bros. and New Line, with the impact of
all intercompany transactions being eliminated in consolidation. Excluding the
impact of these intercompany transactions, the anticipated exit costs to the
Company of programming arrangements and employee and other contractual
arrangements range from approximately $55 million to $60 million.
Adelphia Acquisition Agreement
On April 20, 2005, a subsidiary of TWC, Time Warner NY Cable LLC ("TW NY"),
and Comcast each entered into separate definitive agreements with Adelphia to,
collectively, acquire substantially all the assets of Adelphia for a total of
$12.7 billion in cash (of which TW NY will pay $9.2 billion and Comcast will pay
the remaining $3.5 billion) and 16% of the common stock of TWC (the "Adelphia
Acquisition").
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TIME WARNER INC.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION - (Continued)
At the same time that Comcast and TW NY entered into the Adelphia Acquisition
agreements, Comcast, TWC and/or their respective affiliates entered into
agreements providing for the redemption of Comcast's interests in TWC and Time
Warner Entertainment Company, L.P. ("TWE") (the "TWC Redemption Agreement" and
the "TWE Redemption Agreement," respectively, and, collectively, the "TWC and
TWE Redemption Agreements"). Specifically, Comcast's 17.9% interest in TWC will
be redeemed in exchange for 100% of the capital stock of a subsidiary of TWC
holding cable systems serving approximately 587,000 subscribers (as of
December 31, 2004), as well as approximately $1.9 billion in cash. In addition,
Comcast's 4.7% interest in TWE will be redeemed in exchange for 100% of the
equity interests in a subsidiary of TWE holding cable systems serving
approximately 168,000 subscribers (as of December 31, 2004), as well as
approximately $133 million in cash. TWC, Comcast and their respective
subsidiaries will also swap certain cable systems to enhance their respective
geographic clusters of subscribers (the "Cable Swaps").
After giving effect to the transactions, TWC will gain systems passing
approximately 7.5 million homes, with approximately 3.5 million basic
subscribers (each as of December 31, 2004). TWC will then manage a total of
approximately 14.4 million basic subscribers (as of December 31, 2004). Time
Warner will own 84% of TWC's common stock (including 83% of the outstanding TWC
Class A Common Stock, which will become publicly traded at the time of closing,
and all outstanding shares of TWC Class B Common Stock) as well as an indirect
non-voting economic interest in TW NY, a subsidiary of TWC, valued at
$2.9 billion at the time of entering into the agreement.
The transactions are subject to customary regulatory review and approvals,
including antitrust review by the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC") pursuant to
the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act, review by the Federal Communications Commission
("FCC") and local franchise approvals, as well as, in the case of the Adelphia
Acquisition, the Adelphia bankruptcy process, which involves approvals by the
bankruptcy court having jurisdiction over Adelphia's Chapter 11 case and
Adelphia's creditors. On January 31, 2006, the FTC completed its antitrust
review of the transaction and closed its investigation without further action.
The parties are awaiting final clearance from the FCC and certain local
franchise approvals, as well as completion of the bankruptcy process. The
parties expect to close the Adelphia Acquisition on or before July 31, 2006.
The closing of the Adelphia Acquisition is not dependent on the closing of
the Cable Swaps or the transactions contemplated by the TWC and TWE Redemption
Agreements. Furthermore, if Comcast fails to obtain certain necessary
governmental authorizations, TW NY has agreed to acquire the cable operations of
Adelphia that would have been acquired by Comcast, with the purchase price
payable in cash or TWC stock at TWC's discretion.
Pursuant to registration rights granted to Comcast and certain of its
affiliates in conjunction with the restructuring of TWE in 2003, TWC has an
obligation to file a shelf registration statement with the Securities and
Exchange Commission ("SEC") by June 1, 2006 covering all the shares of TWC
Class A Common Stock held by Comcast and its affiliates if the transactions
contemplated by the TWC Redemption Agreement have not occurred as of such date.
Common Stock Repurchase Program
Time Warner's Board of Directors has authorized a common stock repurchase
program that allows the Company to purchase up to an aggregate of $20 billion of
common stock during the period from July 29, 2005 through December 31, 2007.
Purchases under the stock repurchase program may be made from time to time on
the open market and in privately negotiated transactions. Size and timing of
these purchases will be based on a number of factors, including price and
business and market conditions. As announced on February 1, 2006, the Company
increased the pace of stock repurchases during the first quarter of 2006. At
existing price levels, the Company intends to continue the current pace of
. . .